Version 97.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 14:11
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13 **Table of Contents：**
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15 {{toc/}}
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27
28 = 1. Introduction =
29
30 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
31
32
33 (((
34 The DLOS8N is an** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)**(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
35 )))
36
37 (((
38 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.**
39 )))
40
41 (((
42 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands** (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
43 )))
44
45 (((
46 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
47 )))
48
49 (((
50 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**auto-provision** (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
51
52
53 )))
54
55 [[image:1652411526195-923.png||height="494" width="731"]]
56
57
58 == 1.2 Specifications ==
59
60
61 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
62
63 (((
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Linux Part:**
65 )))
66
67 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
68 * 64MB RAM
69 * 16MB Flash
70
71 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
72
73 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
74 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
75 * LoRaWAN Wireless
76 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
77 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
78 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
79 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
80 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
81
82 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
83
84 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
85 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
86 * Tx power:
87 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
88 ** 11b tx power: 18db
89 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
90 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
91 * Wifi Sensitivity
92 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
93 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
94
95 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
96
97 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
98 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
99 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
100 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
101 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
102 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
103 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
104 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
105
106 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
107
108 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
109 * Standard Size SIM Slot
110 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
111 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
112 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
113 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
114
115 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Power over Ethernet:**
116
117 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
118 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
119 * Thermal cut off.
120 * Short circuit protection.
121 * Over current protection
122 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
123 * Enhanced surge protection
124
125
126 == 1.3 Features ==
127
128 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
129 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
130 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
131 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
132 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
133 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
134 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
135 * Far seeing LED indicator
136 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
137 * External fiber glass antenna
138 * Auto-Provision
139 * Remote Monitoring
140 * 802.3af PoE
141 * IP65
142 * Lighting Protection
143 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
144
145
146 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
147
148 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
149
150
151 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
152
153 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
154
155
156 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
157
158 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
159
160
161 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
162
163 (((
164 (((
165 * (((
166 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
167 )))
168 )))
169
170 * (((
171 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
172 )))
173 * (((
174 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn't have Internet connection.
175
176
177
178 )))
179 )))
180
181 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
182
183 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
184
185 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
186
187
188 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
189
190 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
191
192
193 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
194
195 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
196
197 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
198
199 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
200
201 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
202
203 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
204
205 (((
206 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
207
208
209 )))
210
211 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
212
213 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
214
215
216 (((
217 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
218
219
220 )))
221
222 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
223
224 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
225
226
227 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
228
229
230 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
231
232 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
233
234
235 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
236
237 **Web Interface**
238
239 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
240
241 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
242
243 or
244
245 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
246
247
248 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
249
250 The account details for Web Login are:
251
252 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
253
254 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
255
256 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
257
258
259 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
260
261 == 3.1 Overview ==
262
263 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
264
265 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
266 * **WiFi Client Mode**
267 * **WiFi AP Mode**
268 * **Cellular Mode**
269
270
271
272 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
273
274 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
275
276 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
277
278
279 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
280
281 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
282
283 (((
284 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
285 )))
286
287 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
288
289 (((
290 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
291
292
293 )))
294
295 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
296
297 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
298
299 (((
300 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
301 )))
302
303 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
304
305
306 (((
307 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
308 )))
309
310 (((
311 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
312 )))
313
314 (((
315 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
316 )))
317
318 (((
319 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
320 )))
321
322 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
323
324
325 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
326
327 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
328
329 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
330 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
331 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
332
333 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
334
335
336 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
337
338 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
339
340 (((
341 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
342 )))
343
344 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
345
346 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
347
348
349 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
350
351 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
352
353 (((
354 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
355 )))
356
357 (((
358 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
359 )))
360
361 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
362
363 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
364
365 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
366
367 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
368
369 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
370
371 (((
372 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
373 )))
374
375 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
376
377 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
378 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
379 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
380 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
381
382 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
383
384 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
385
386 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
387
388 Open the following page:
389
390 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
391
392 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
393
394
395 (((
396 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
397 )))
398
399 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
400
401 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
402
403
404 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
405
406 (((
407 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
408 )))
409
410 (((
411 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
412 )))
413
414 (((
415 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
416 )))
417
418 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
419
420
421 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
422
423 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
424
425 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
426
427 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
428
429 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
430
431
432 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
433
434 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
435
436 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
437
438
439 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
440
441 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
442
443
444 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
445
446 (((
447 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
448 )))
449
450 (((
451 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
452 )))
453
454 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
455
456 (((
457 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
458 )))
459
460 (((
461 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
462 )))
463
464 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
465 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
466 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
467
468 (((
469
470
471 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
472 )))
473
474 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
475
476 (((
477 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
478 )))
479
480 (((
481 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
482 )))
483
484 (((
485 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
486 )))
487
488 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
489
490 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
491
492 Start Register the end device
493
494 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
495
496 (((
497 Select OTAA activation mode
498 )))
499
500 (((
501 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
502 )))
503
504 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
505
506
507 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
508
509 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
510
511
512 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
513
514 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
515
516
517 (((
518 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
519
520
521 )))
522
523 (((
524 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
525 )))
526
527 (((
528 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
529 )))
530
531 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
532
533
534 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
535
536 == 5.1 Home ==
537
538 Shows the system running status.
539
540 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
541
542
543 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
544
545 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
546
547 (((
548 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
549 )))
550
551 (((
552 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
553 )))
554
555 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
556 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
557
558 (((
559 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
560 )))
561
562 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
563
564 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
565
566
567 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
568
569 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
570
571 * No internet connection.
572 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
573
574 (((
575 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
576 )))
577
578 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
579
580
581 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
582
583 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
584
585 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
586
587 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
588
589 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
590
591 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
592
593 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
594
595 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
596
597
598 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
599
600 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
601
602
603 (((
604 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
605
606
607 )))
608
609 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
610
611 (((
612 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
613 )))
614
615 (((
616 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
617 )))
618
619 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
620
621
622 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
623
624 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
625
626 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
627
628
629 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
630
631
632 == 5.5 System ==
633
634 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
635
636 Shows the system info:
637
638 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
639
640
641 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
642
643 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
644
645 (((
646 **__System Password:__**
647 )))
648
649 (((
650 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
651 )))
652
653 (((
654 This page can be used to set the password for them.
655 )))
656
657 (((
658 **__Timezone: __**Set device timezone.
659 )))
660
661 (((
662 **__Port forwarding: __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
663
664
665 )))
666
667 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
668
669 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
670
671 (((
672 **__LAN Settings:  __**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N's own network.
673 )))
674
675 (((
676 __**WAN Settings: **__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
677 )))
678
679 (((
680 __**WiFi Settings:  **__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
681
682
683 )))
684
685 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
686
687 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
688
689 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
690
691
692 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
693
694 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
695
696 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
697
698 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
699
700
701 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
702
703 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
704
705
706 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
707
708 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
709
710 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
711
712 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
713
714 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
715
716 Please see this document for detail:
717
718 (((
719 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
720 )))
721
722
723 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
724
725 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
726
727
728 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
729
730 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
731
732 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
733
734 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
735
736
737 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
738
739 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
740
741
742 (((
743 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
744 )))
745
746 (((
747 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
748 )))
749
750 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
751
752 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
753
754
755 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
756
757 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
758
759 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
760
761 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
762
763 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
764
765 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
766
767 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
768
769
770 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
771
772 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
773
774 (((
775
776 )))
777
778 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
779
780 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
781
782 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
783
784
785 == 5.6 LogRead ==
786
787 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
788
789
790 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
791
792 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
793
794
795 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
796
797 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
798
799 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
800
801
802 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
803
804 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
805
806
807 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
808
809 Show the system log
810
811 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
812
813
814 = 6. More features =
815
816 == 6.1 More instructions ==
817
818 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
819
820
821 = 7. Linux System =
822
823 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
824
825
826 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
827
828 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
829
830 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
831
832 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
833
834 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
835
836 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
837
838 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
839
840 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
841
842 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
843
844 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
845
846
847 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
848
849 (((
850 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
851 )))
852
853 (((
854 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
855 )))
856
857 (((
858 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
859 )))
860
861 (((
862 Screenshot is as below:
863 )))
864
865 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
866
867
868 == 7.3 File System ==
869
870 (((
871 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
872 )))
873
874 (((
875 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
876 )))
877
878 (((
879 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
880 )))
881
882
883 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
884
885 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
886
887 (((
888 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
889 )))
890
891 (((
892 **In Linux Console run:**
893 )))
894
895 (((
896 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
897 )))
898
899 (((
900 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
901 )))
902
903 (((
904 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
905 )))
906
907 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
908
909
910 (((
911 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
912 )))
913
914 (((
915 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
916 )))
917
918 (((
919 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
920 )))
921
922 (((
923 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
924 )))
925
926 (((
927 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
928 )))
929
930 (((
931 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
932 )))
933
934 (((
935 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
936
937
938 )))
939
940 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
941
942
943 = 9. FAQ =
944
945 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
946
947 (((
948 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
949 )))
950
951 (((
952
953 )))
954
955 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
956
957 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
958
959
960 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
961
962 (((
963 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
964 )))
965
966 (((
967 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
968 )))
969
970
971 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
972
973 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
974
975
976 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
977
978 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
979
980 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
981
982 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
983
984 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
985
986 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
987
988 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
989
990 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
991
992 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
993
994 (((
995 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
996 )))
997
998 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
999
1000
1001 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1002
1003 (((
1004 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1005 )))
1006
1007 (((
1008
1009 )))
1010
1011 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1012
1013 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
1014
1015 (((
1016 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1017 )))
1018
1019 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1020
1021
1022 (((
1023 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1024 )))
1025
1026 (((
1027 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to DLOS8N's WAN port
1028 )))
1029
1030 (((
1031 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1032 )))
1033
1034 (((
1035 As below photo:
1036 )))
1037
1038 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1039
1040 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1041
1042 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1043
1044
1045 = 11. Order Info =
1046
1047 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1048
1049 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1050
1051 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1052 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %):  valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1053
1054 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1055
1056 * (% style="color:red" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1057 * (% style="color:red" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1058 * (% style="color:red" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1059 * (% style="color:red" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1060
1061 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1062
1063
1064
1065 = 12. Packing Info =
1066
1067 (((
1068 **Package Includes**:
1069 )))
1070
1071 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1072 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1073 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1074
1075 (((
1076 **Dimension and weight**:
1077 )))
1078
1079 * Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
1080 * Weight: 450g
1081 * Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
1082 * Weight: 2.5kg
1083
1084
1085
1086 = 13. Support =
1087
1088 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1089 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1090 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1091 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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