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2
3 (% style="text-align:center" %)
4 [[image:1652409757234-446.png]]
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6
7
8 **DLOS8N Outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual**
9
10
11 Table of Contents
12
13 {{toc/}}
14
15
16
17
18 = 1. Introduction =
19
20 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
21
22 The DLOS8N is (% class="mark" %)an open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
23
24 DLOS8N (% class="mark" %)supports Semtech packet forwarder(%%) and (% class="mark" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%), it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a(% class="mark" %) SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%).
25
26 DLOS8N has (% class="mark" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
27
28 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
29
30 DLOS8N supports (% class="mark" %)auto-provision(%%) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
31
32 [[image:1652411526195-923.png]]
33
34
35 == 1.2 Specifications ==
36
37 **Hardware System:**
38
39 Linux Part:
40
41 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
42 * 64MB RAM
43 * 16MB Flash
44
45 **Interface:**
46
47 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
48 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
49 * LoRaWAN Wireless
50 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
51 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
52 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
53 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
54 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
55
56 **WiFi Spec:**
57
58 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
59 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
60 * Tx power:
61 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
62 ** 11b tx power: 18db
63 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
64 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
65 * Wifi Sensitivity
66 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
67 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
68
69 **LoRa Spec:**
70
71 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
72 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
73 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
74 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
75 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
76 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
77 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
78 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
79
80 **Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
81
82 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
83 * Standard Size SIM Slot
84 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
85 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
86 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
87 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
88
89 **Power over Ethernet:**
90
91 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
92 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
93 * Thermal cut off.
94 * Short circuit protection.
95 * Over current protection
96 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
97 * Enhanced surge protection
98
99 == 1.3 Features ==
100
101 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
102 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
103 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
104 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
105 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
106 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
107 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
108 * Far seeing LED indicator
109 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
110 * External fiber glass antenna
111 * Auto-Provision
112 * Remote Monitoring
113 * 802.3af PoE
114 * IP65
115 * Lighting Protection
116 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
117
118 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
119
120 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="425" width="732"]]
121
122
123 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
124
125 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
126
127
128 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
129
130 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
131
132
133 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
134
135 (((
136 (((
137 * (((
138 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
139 )))
140 )))
141
142 * (((
143 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
144 )))
145 * (((
146 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
147 )))
148 )))
149
150
151 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
152
153 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
154
155 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
156
157
158 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
159
160 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
161
162 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
163
164 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
165
166 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
167
168
169 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
170
171 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
172
173 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
174
175 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
176
177
178 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
179
180 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
181
182
183 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
184
185
186 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
187
188 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
189
190
191 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
192
193
194 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
195
196 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
197
198
199 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
200
201 **Web Interface**
202
203 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
204
205 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
206
207 or
208
209 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
210
211
212 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
213
214 The account details for Web Login are:
215
216 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
217
218 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
219
220 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
221
222
223
224
225 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
226
227 == 3.1 Overview ==
228
229 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
230
231 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
232 * **WiFi Client Mode**
233 * **WiFi AP Mode**
234 * **Cellular Mode**
235
236 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
237
238 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
239
240 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
241
242
243 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
244
245 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
246
247 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
248
249 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
250
251
252 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
253
254
255 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
256
257 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
258
259
260 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
261
262 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
263
264
265 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="450" width="766"]]
266
267
268 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
269
270
271 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
272
273 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
274
275 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
276
277
278 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
279
280 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
281
282 * GREEN Tick ​​​​[[image:1652421151598-130.png||height="23" width="24"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
283 * Yellow Tick  [[image:1652421168047-470.png||height="22" width="21"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
284 * RED Cross   [[image:1652421179500-890.png||height="24" width="27"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
285
286 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
287
288
289 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
290
291 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
292
293 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
294
295 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
296
297 [[T>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]heThingsNetwork v3(T[[TN>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] v3[[)>>url:http://)]][[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
298
299
300 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
301
302 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
303
304 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
305
306 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
307
308 The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
309
310
311 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
312
313 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
314
315 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
316
317
318 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
319
320 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
321
322
323 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
324
325 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
326 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
327 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
328 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
329
330 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
331
332 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
333
334 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
335
336 Open the following page:
337
338 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
339
340 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
341
342 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
343
344 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
345
346 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
347
348
349 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
350
351 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
352
353 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
354
355 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
356
357 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
358
359 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
360
361 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
362
363 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
364
365 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
366
367 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
368
369
370 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
371
372 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
373
374 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
375
376
377 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
378
379 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
380
381
382 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device
383
384 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
385
386 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
387
388 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
389
390 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
391
392 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
393
394 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
395 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
396 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
397
398 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
399
400 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
401
402
403 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
404
405 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
406
407 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
408
409 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
410
411 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
412
413 Start Register the end device
414
415 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
416
417 Select OTAA activation mode
418
419
420 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
421
422 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
423
424 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
425
426 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
427
428 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
429
430 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
431
432 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
433
434
435 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
436
437 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
438
439 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
440
441
442 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
443
444 == 5.1 Home ==
445
446 Shows the system running status.
447
448 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
449
450
451 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
452
453 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
454
455 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
456
457 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
458
459 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
460 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
461
462 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
463
464 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
465
466 Note *: See this instruction for how to customize frequency band:
467
468 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
469
470
471 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
472
473 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
474
475 * No internet connection.
476 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]).
477
478 Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
479
480 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
481
482
483 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
484
485 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
486
487 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
488
489 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
490
491 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
492
493 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
494
495 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
496
497 See :[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
498
499
500 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
501
502 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
503
504 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core]]
505
506
507 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
508
509 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
510
511 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
512
513 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
514
515
516 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
517
518 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
519
520 Instruction:
521
522 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]
523
524 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
525
526
527 == 5.5 System ==
528
529 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
530
531 Shows the system info:
532
533 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
534
535
536 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
537
538 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
539
540 **__System Password:__**
541
542 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
543
544 This page can be used to set the password for them.
545
546 (((
547
548 )))
549
550 **__Timezone:__**
551
552 Set device timezone.
553
554 (((
555
556 )))
557
558 **__Port forwarding:__**
559
560 Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
561
562
563 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
564
565 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
566
567 **__LAN Settings:__**
568
569 When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
570
571 (((
572
573 )))
574
575 __**WAN Settings:**__
576
577 Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
578
579 (((
580
581 )))
582
583 __**WiFi Settings:**__
584
585 Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
586
587
588 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
589
590 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
591
592 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
593
594
595 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
596
597 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
598
599 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
600
601 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
602
603
604 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
605
606 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
607
608
609 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
610
611 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
612
613 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
614
615 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
616
617 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
618
619 Please see this document for detail:
620
621 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
622
623
624 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use:
625
626 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH]]
627
628 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
629
630
631 1.
632 11.
633 111. System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
634
635 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
636
637 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
638
639 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
640
641 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
642
643 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
644
645
646 The file named as **xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
647
648
649 **Web à System à Firmware Upgrade**
650
651 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image058.png]]
652
653
654 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
655
656
657 **NOTE**: You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
658
659
660
661
662 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
663
664
665 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image059.png]]
666
667
668 Note *: User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
669
670 SCP the firmware to the system** /var** directory and then run
671
672 **//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
673
674
675 **NOTE**: it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
676
677
678 1.
679 11.
680 111. System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset
681
682 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image060.png]]
683
684
685
686 1.
687 11.
688 111. System ~-~-> Package Maintain
689
690 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image061.png]]
691
692 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
693
694
695
696
697 1.
698 11. LogRead
699 111. LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
700
701 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.png]]
702
703 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
704
705
706 1.
707 11.
708 111. LogRead ~-~-> System Log
709
710 Show the system log
711
712 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image063.png]]
713
714
715
716 1. More features
717 11. More instructions
718
719 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction]]
720
721
722
723
724 1. Linux System
725
726 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
727
728 1.
729 11. SSH Access for Linux console
730
731 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
732
733
734 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
735
736 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
737
738 User Name:      **root**
739
740 Password:         **dragino** (default)
741
742
743 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
744
745
746 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.png]]
747
748
749 The “logread -f” command can be used to debug how system runs.
750
751 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image065.png]]
752
753
754
755
756 1.
757 11. Edit and Transfer files
758
759 The DLOS8N supports the **SCP protocol** and has a built-in **SFTP server**. There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
760
761
762 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
763
764 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
765
766
767 Screenshot is as below:
768
769 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image066.png]]
770
771
772 1.
773 11. File System
774
775 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
776
777
778 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
779
780 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
781
782
783
784
785 1.
786 11. Package maintenance system
787
788 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maint>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[e>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[n>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[ance>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[ system>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
789
790
791 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
792
793
794 In Linux Console run:
795
796 **root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**  ~/~/ to get the latest packages list
797
798 **root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**         ~/~/shows the available packages
799
800 **root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf **~/~/ install iperf
801
802 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
803
804
805 //root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
806
807 //Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
808
809 //Downloading //[[//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
810
811 //Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
812
813 //Downloading //[[//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
814
815 //Configuring uclibcxx.//
816
817 //Configuring iperf.//
818
819
820 1. Upgrade Linux Firmware
821
822 1. FAQ
823 11. How can I configure for a customized frequency band?
824
825 See below link for how to customize frequency band:
826
827 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
828
829
830 1.
831 11. Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT?
832
833 Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
834
835
836 1.
837 11. Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code?
838
839 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
840
841 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
842
843
844 1.
845 11. Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands?
846
847 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
848
849
850
851
852 1. Trouble Shooting
853 11. I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix?
854
855 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
856
857
858 root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
859
860 Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
861
862 Collected errors:
863
864 ~* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
865
866 *      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
867
868 ~* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
869
870
871 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
872
873 Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
874
875
876 1.
877 11. How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes
878
879 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:
880
881 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway]]
882
883
884
885
886
887 1.
888 11. I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now?
889
890 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.png]]
891
892 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
893
894 (Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page)
895
896
897 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
898
899 1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
900 1. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
901 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
902 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
903
904 As below photo:
905
906 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image068.jpg]]
907
908 1. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
909
910 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
911
912
913
914 1. Order Info
915
916 **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:**
917
918 **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
919
920 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
921 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
922
923 **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
924
925 * **E**: EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
926 * **A**: North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
927 * **AU**: Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
928 * **J**: Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
929
930 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
931
932
933
934
935 1. Packing Info
936
937 **Package Includes**:
938
939 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
940 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
941 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
942
943 **Dimension and weight**:
944
945 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
946 * Weight: 187g
947 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
948 * Weight: 300g
949
950 1. Support
951
952 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/]].
953 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
954 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
955 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:
956
957 [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
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