Version 176.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/12/28 15:57
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10 **Table of Contents：**
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12 {{toc/}}
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20
21 = 1. Introduction =
22
23 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
24
25
26 (((
27 The DLOS8N is an** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)**(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
28 )))
29
30 (((
31 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.**
32 )))
33
34 (((
35 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands** (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
36 )))
37
38 (((
39 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
40 )))
41
42 (((
43 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**auto-provision** (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
44
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1652411526195-923.png||height="494" width="731"]]
49
50
51 == 1.2 Specifications ==
52
53
54 (((
55 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
56 )))
57
58 (((
59 (((
60 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Linux Part:**
61 )))
62 )))
63
64 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
65 * 64MB RAM
66 * 16MB Flash
67
68 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
69
70 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
71 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
72 * LoRaWAN Wireless
73 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
74 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
75 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
76 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
77 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
78
79 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
80
81 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
82 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
83 * Tx power:
84 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
85 ** 11b tx power: 18db
86 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
87 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
88 * Wifi Sensitivity
89 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
90 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
91
92 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
93
94 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
95 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
96 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
97 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
98 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
99 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
100 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
101 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
102
103 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
104
105 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
106 * Standard Size SIM Slot
107 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
108 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
109 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
110 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
111
112 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Power over Ethernet:**
113
114 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
115 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
116 * Thermal cut off.
117 * Short circuit protection.
118 * Over current protection
119 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
120 * Enhanced surge protection
121
122
123
124 == 1.3 Features ==
125
126
127 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
128 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
129 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
130 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
131 * Support MQTTS
132 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
133 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
134 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
135 * Far seeing LED indicator
136 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
137 * External fiber glass antenna
138 * Auto-Provision
139 * Remote Monitoring
140 * 802.3af PoE
141 * IP65
142 * Lighting Protection
143 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
144
145
146
147 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
148
149
150 [[image:image-20220907154423-1.png]]
151
152
153 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
154
155
156 [[image:image-20220916144221-26.png]]
157
158
159 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
160
161
162 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
163
164
165 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
166
167 (((
168 (((
169 * (((
170 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
171 )))
172 )))
173
174 * (((
175 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
176 )))
177 * (((
178 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn't have Internet connection.
179
180
181
182 )))
183 )))
184
185 == 1.7 Button Instruction ==
186
187
188 DLOS8N has a black toggle button, which is:
189
190
191 (% style="color:blue" %)**//➢ //Long press 4-5s:                     **(%%)the gateway will reload the Network and Initialize wifi configuration
192
193 **LED status: ** LED will BLINKING GREEN Until the reload is finished.
194
195
196 (% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Long press more than 30s:    **(%%)the gateway will restart and restore factory settings.
197
198 **LED status: ** When the user releases the button, the LED will TURN OFF.
199
200
201 == 1.8 WiFi Direction ==
202
203
204 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
205
206
207 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
208
209
210 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
211
212
213 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
214
215
216 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
217
218 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
219
220
221 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
222
223
224 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
225
226
227 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
228
229
230 (% style="background-color:yellow" %) **dragino+dragino**
231
232 (((
233 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)**10.130.1.1**
234
235
236 )))
237
238 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
239
240
241 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
242
243
244 (((
245 (((
246 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
247 )))
248
249
250 )))
251
252 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
253
254
255 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
256
257
258 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
259
260
261 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
262
263
264 (((
265 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
266 )))
267
268
269 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
270
271
272 **Web Interface**
273
274 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
275
276 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
277
278 or
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280 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
281
282
283 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
284
285 The account details for Web Login are:
286
287 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
288
289 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
290
291
292 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
293
294
295 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
296
297 == 3.1 Overview ==
298
299
300 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
301
302 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
303 * **WiFi Client Mode**
304 * **WiFi AP Mode**
305 * **Cellular Mode**
306
307
308
309 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
310
311
312 (((
313 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
314
315
316 )))
317
318 [[image:image-20220916112129-1.png||height="414" width="887"]]
319
320
321 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
322
323
324 (((
325 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
326 )))
327
328 (((
329 (((
330 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
331
332
333 )))
334 )))
335
336 [[image:image-20220916142159-25.png||height="406" width="877"]](% style="display:none" %)
337
338
339 (((
340 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
341
342
343 )))
344
345 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
346
347
348 (((
349 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
350 )))
351
352 (((
353 (((
354 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
355
356
357 )))
358 )))
359
360 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
361
362
363 (((
364 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
365
366
367 )))
368
369 (((
370 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
371
372
373 )))
374
375 (((
376 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
377
378
379 )))
380
381 (((
382 [[image:image-20220916141840-23.png||height="357" width="870"]](% style="display:none" %)
383
384
385 )))
386
387 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** ***: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
388
389
390 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
391
392
393 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
394
395 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
396 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
397 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
398
399 [[image:image-20220916112620-2.png||height="384" width="872"]](% style="display:none" %)
400
401
402 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
403
404
405 (((
406 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
407
408
409 )))
410
411 (((
412 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
413 )))
414
415 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
416
417 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
418
419
420 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
421
422
423 (((
424 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
425
426
427 )))
428
429 (((
430 (((
431 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
432 )))
433 )))
434
435 (((
436 [[image:image-20220916141633-22.png||height="706" width="868"]]
437 )))
438
439 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
440
441
442
443 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
444
445
446 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
447
448
449 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
450
451
452
453 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
454
455
456 (((
457 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
458
459
460 )))
461
462 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
463
464
465 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
466 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
467 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
468 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
469
470
471
472 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
473
474
475 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
476
477 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
478
479
480 Open the following page:
481
482 [[image:1657089352139-443.png]]
483
484
485 [[image:1657089363403-611.png]]
486
487
488 (((
489 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
490
491
492 )))
493
494 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
495
496
497 [[image:1657089571089-281.png]]
498
499
500 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
501
502
503 (((
504 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
505 )))
506
507 (((
508 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
509 )))
510
511 (((
512 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
513
514
515 )))
516
517 [[image:1657089586062-302.png]]
518
519
520 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
521
522
523 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
524
525 [[image:image-20220916113405-3.png||height="388" width="862"]]
526
527
528 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
529
530 [[image:1657089753667-298.png]]
531
532
533 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
534
535
536 (((
537 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
538 )))
539
540
541 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
542
543
544 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
545
546 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
547
548
549 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
550
551
552 (((
553 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
554 )))
555
556 (((
557 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
558 )))
559
560 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
561
562 (((
563 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
564 )))
565
566 (((
567 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
568 )))
569
570 * **DEV EUI** - Unique ID code for a particular device.
571 * **APP EUI** - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
572 * **APP Key** - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
573
574 (((
575
576
577 (((
578 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
579 )))
580 )))
581
582 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
583
584
585 (((
586 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
587
588
589 )))
590
591 (((
592 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
593 )))
594
595 (((
596 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
597 )))
598
599
600 [[image:1657089795213-689.png]]
601
602 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
603
604
605 Start Register the end device
606
607 [[image:1657089816539-483.png]]
608
609 (((
610 Select OTAA activation mode
611
612
613 )))
614
615 (((
616 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
617 )))
618
619 [[image:1657089833529-558.png]]
620
621
622
623 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
624
625 [[image:1657089845985-297.png]]
626
627
628
629 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
630
631
632 [[image:1657089868506-654.png]]
633
634
635 (((
636 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
637
638
639 )))
640
641 (((
642 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**: (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
643
644
645 )))
646
647 (((
648 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
649
650
651 )))
652
653 [[image:1657089884131-489.png]]
654
655
656 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
657
658 == 5.1 Home ==
659
660
661 Shows the system running status.
662
663
664 [[image:image-20220916113702-4.png||height="331" width="727"]]
665
666
667 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
668
669 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
670
671
672 (((
673 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
674 )))
675
676 (((
677 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
678 )))
679
680 * (% style="color:red" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
681 * (% style="color:red" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
682
683 (((
684
685
686 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
687
688
689 )))
690
691 [[image:image-20220916114014-5.png||height="429" width="930"]]
692
693
694 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
695
696
697 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
698
699
700 (((
701 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
702 )))
703
704 * No internet connection.
705 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
706
707 (((
708 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
709
710
711 )))
712
713 [[image:image-20220916114346-7.png||height="363" width="886"]]
714
715
716 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
717
718 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
719
720
721 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc.
722
723
724 [[image:image-20220916114929-8.png||height="716" width="871"]]
725
726
727 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
728
729 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
730
731 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
732
733 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
734
735
736 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
737
738
739 [[image:1657089933044-221.png]]
740
741
742 (((
743 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
744
745
746 )))
747
748 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
749
750
751 (((
752 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
753 )))
754
755 (((
756 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
757
758
759 )))
760
761 [[image:image-20220916115143-9.png||height="314" width="858"]]
762
763
764 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
765
766
767 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
768
769 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
770
771
772 [[image:1657090037148-906.png]]
773
774
775 == 5.5 System ==
776
777 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
778
779
780 Shows the system info:
781
782
783 [[image:image-20220916133758-10.png||height="611" width="865"]]
784
785
786 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
787
788
789 [[image:image-20220916134411-11.png||height="505" width="875"]]
790
791
792 (((
793 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
794 )))
795
796 (((
797 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
798 )))
799
800 (((
801 This page can be used to set the password for them.
802 )))
803
804 (((
805 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
806 )))
807
808 (((
809 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
810
811
812 )))
813
814 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
815
816
817 [[image:image-20220916134642-12.png||height="417" width="886"]]
818
819
820 (((
821 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:   __**(%%)When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N's own network.
822 )))
823
824 (((
825 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings: **__(%%)Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
826 )))
827
828 (((
829 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
830
831
832 )))
833
834 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
835
836
837 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
838
839
840 [[image:image-20220916134831-13.png||height="426" width="909"]](% style="display:none" %)
841
842
843 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
844
845
846 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
847
848
849 [[image:image-20220916135100-14.png||height="364" width="917"]]
850
851
852 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
853
854
855 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
856
857
858 [[image:image-20220916135207-15.png||height="630" width="926"]]
859
860
861 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
862
863
864 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
865
866
867 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
868
869 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
870
871 [[image:image-20220916111123-1.png||height="345" width="729"]]
872
873
874 Please see this document for detail:
875
876 (((
877 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
878 )))
879
880
881 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
882
883 [[image:image-20220916140017-16.png||height="619" width="911"]]
884
885
886 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
887
888
889 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
890
891 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
892
893 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
894
895
896 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
897
898 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
899
900 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
901
902 (((
903 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
904 )))
905
906 (((
907 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
908 )))
909
910 [[image:image-20220916140103-17.png||height="277" width="881"]]
911
912 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
913
914
915 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//** (%%)the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
916
917 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
918
919 [[image:1657090298354-928.png]]
920
921 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
922
923 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
924
925 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
926
927
928 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
929
930
931 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
932
933
934 [[image:image-20220916140312-18.png||height="286" width="909"]]
935
936 (((
937
938 )))
939
940 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
941
942
943 [[image:image-20220916140421-19.png||height="715" width="904"]]
944
945
946 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
947
948
949 == 5.6 LogRead ==
950
951 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
952
953 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
954
955 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
956
957
958 [[image:image-20220916140549-20.png||height="729" width="877"]]
959
960
961 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
962
963
964 Show the system log
965
966
967 [[image:image-20220916140732-21.png||height="710" width="872"]]
968
969
970 = 6. More features =
971
972 == 6.1 More instructions ==
973
974
975 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
976
977
978 = 7. Linux System =
979
980
981 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
982
983
984 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
985
986
987 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
988
989 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
990
991 Port:  22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
992
993 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
994
995 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
996
997 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
998
999 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
1000
1001 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
1002
1003
1004 [[image:1657090508015-884.png]]
1005
1006
1007 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
1008
1009
1010 (((
1011 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1012 )))
1013
1014 (((
1015 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1016 )))
1017
1018 (((
1019 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1020
1021
1022 )))
1023
1024 (((
1025 Screenshot is as below:
1026 )))
1027
1028 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1029
1030
1031 == 7.3 File System ==
1032
1033
1034 (((
1035 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1036 )))
1037
1038 (((
1039 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
1040 )))
1041
1042 (((
1043 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1044 )))
1045
1046
1047 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
1048
1049
1050 (((
1051 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1052 )))
1053
1054 (((
1055 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1056 )))
1057
1058 (((
1059 **In Linux Console run:**
1060 )))
1061
1062 (((
1063 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1064 )))
1065
1066 (((
1067 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1068 )))
1069
1070 (((
1071 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1072 )))
1073
1074 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1075
1076
1077 (((
1078 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1079 )))
1080
1081 (((
1082 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1083 )))
1084
1085 (((
1086 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1087 )))
1088
1089 (((
1090 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1091 )))
1092
1093 (((
1094 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1095 )))
1096
1097 (((
1098 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1099 )))
1100
1101 (((
1102 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1103
1104
1105 )))
1106
1107 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1108
1109
1110 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1111
1112 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/DLOS8/Firmware/Release/]],
1113
1114 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/DLSO8N/Firmware>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/DLOS8/Firmware/Release/]])
1115
1116 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/DLSO8/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1117
1118 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/DLOS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/DLOS8/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1119
1120
1121 (((
1122 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1123 )))
1124
1125
1126 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1127
1128
1129 (((
1130 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1131 )))
1132
1133 (((
1134 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1135 )))
1136
1137
1138 (((
1139 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1140 )))
1141
1142
1143 (((
1144 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1145
1146
1147 )))
1148
1149 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LPS8N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1657158986600-386.png?rev=1.1||alt="1657158986600-386.png"]]
1150
1151
1152 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1153
1154
1155 (((
1156 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1157 )))
1158
1159 (((
1160 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1161 )))
1162
1163
1164 (((
1165 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1166 )))
1167
1168
1169 = 9. OTA System Update =
1170
1171
1172 DLOS8N supports system auto update via OTA, please see **[[this URL>>doc:OTA Update.WebHome]]** for the detail of this feature.
1173
1174
1175 = 10. FAQ =
1176
1177 == 10.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1178
1179
1180 (((
1181 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
1182 )))
1183
1184 (((
1185
1186 )))
1187
1188 == 10.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
1189
1190
1191 (((
1192 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
1193 )))
1194
1195
1196 == 10.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1197
1198
1199 (((
1200 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1201 )))
1202
1203 (((
1204 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1205 )))
1206
1207
1208 == 10.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1209
1210
1211 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1212
1213
1214 = 11. Trouble Shooting =
1215
1216 == 11.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1217
1218
1219 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1220
1221 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1222
1223 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1224
1225 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1226
1227 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1228
1229 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1230
1231 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1232
1233 (((
1234 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1235 )))
1236
1237 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1238
1239
1240 == 11.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1241
1242
1243 (((
1244 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1245 )))
1246
1247 (((
1248
1249 )))
1250
1251 == 11.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1252
1253
1254 [[image:1657090540821-317.png]]
1255
1256
1257 (((
1258 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1259
1260
1261 )))
1262
1263 (((
1264 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1265 )))
1266
1267
1268 (((
1269 (% style="color:blue" %)**Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1270 )))
1271
1272 (((
1273 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to DLOS8N's WAN port
1274 )))
1275
1276 (((
1277 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1278 )))
1279
1280 (((
1281
1282
1283 As below photo:
1284
1285
1286 )))
1287
1288 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1289
1290
1291 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1292
1293
1294 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1295
1296
1297 = 12. Order Info =
1298
1299
1300 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//(%%)**
1301
1302 (% style="color:blue" %)**//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1303
1304 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(%%) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1305 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(%%):  valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1306
1307 (% style="color:blue" %)**//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1308
1309 * (% style="color:red" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1310 * (% style="color:red" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1311 * (% style="color:red" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1312 * (% style="color:red" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1313
1314 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1315
1316
1317 = 13. Packing Info =
1318
1319
1320 (((
1321 **Package Includes**:
1322 )))
1323
1324 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1325 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1326 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1327
1328 (((
1329 **Dimension and weight**:
1330 )))
1331
1332 * Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
1333 * Weight: 450g
1334 * Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x 12 cm
1335 * Weight: 2.5kg
1336
1337 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1338
1339
1340 = 14. Support =
1341
1342
1343 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1344 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1345 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1346 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:  [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
1347
1348

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