Version 127.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 14:50
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13 **Table of Contents：**
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15 {{toc/}}
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27
28 = 1. Introduction =
29
30 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
31
32
33 (((
34 The DLOS8N is an** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)**(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
35 )))
36
37 (((
38 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.**
39 )))
40
41 (((
42 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands** (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
43 )))
44
45 (((
46 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
47 )))
48
49 (((
50 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**auto-provision** (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
51
52
53 )))
54
55 [[image:1652411526195-923.png||height="494" width="731"]]
56
57
58 == 1.2 Specifications ==
59
60
61 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
62
63 (((
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Linux Part:**
65 )))
66
67 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
68 * 64MB RAM
69 * 16MB Flash
70
71 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
72
73 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
74 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
75 * LoRaWAN Wireless
76 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
77 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
78 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
79 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
80 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
81
82 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
83
84 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
85 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
86 * Tx power:
87 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
88 ** 11b tx power: 18db
89 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
90 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
91 * Wifi Sensitivity
92 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
93 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
94
95 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
96
97 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
98 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
99 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
100 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
101 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
102 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
103 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
104 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
105
106 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
107
108 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
109 * Standard Size SIM Slot
110 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
111 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
112 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
113 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
114
115 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Power over Ethernet:**
116
117 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
118 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
119 * Thermal cut off.
120 * Short circuit protection.
121 * Over current protection
122 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
123 * Enhanced surge protection
124
125 == 1.3 Features ==
126
127 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
128 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
129 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
130 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
131 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
132 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
133 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
134 * Far seeing LED indicator
135 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
136 * External fiber glass antenna
137 * Auto-Provision
138 * Remote Monitoring
139 * 802.3af PoE
140 * IP65
141 * Lighting Protection
142 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
143
144 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
145
146 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
147
148
149 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
150
151 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
152
153
154 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
155
156 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
157
158
159 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
160
161 (((
162 (((
163 * (((
164 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
165 )))
166 )))
167
168 * (((
169 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
170 )))
171 * (((
172 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn't have Internet connection.
173
174
175
176 )))
177 )))
178
179 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
180
181 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
182
183 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
184
185
186 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
187
188 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
189
190
191 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
192
193 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
194
195 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
196
197 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
198
199 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
200
201 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
202
203 (((
204 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
205
206
207 )))
208
209 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
210
211 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
212
213
214 (((
215 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
216
217
218 )))
219
220 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
221
222 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
223
224
225 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
226
227
228 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
229
230 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
231
232
233 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
234
235 **Web Interface**
236
237 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
238
239 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
240
241 or
242
243 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
244
245
246 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
247
248 The account details for Web Login are:
249
250 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
251
252 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
253
254 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
255
256
257 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
258
259 == 3.1 Overview ==
260
261 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
262
263 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
264 * **WiFi Client Mode**
265 * **WiFi AP Mode**
266 * **Cellular Mode**
267
268 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
269
270 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
271
272 [[image:1657089235431-309.png]]
273
274
275 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
276
277 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
278
279 (((
280 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
281 )))
282
283 [[image:1657089014716-109.png]]
284
285 (((
286 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
287
288
289 )))
290
291 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
292
293 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
294
295 (((
296 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
297 )))
298
299 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
300
301
302 (((
303 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
304 )))
305
306 (((
307 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
308 )))
309
310 (((
311 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
312 )))
313
314 (((
315 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
316 )))
317
318 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
319
320
321 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
322
323 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
324
325 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
326 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
327 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
328
329 [[image:1657089302970-101.png]]
330
331
332 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
333
334 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
335
336 (((
337 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
338 )))
339
340 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
341
342 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
343
344
345 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
346
347 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
348
349 (((
350 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
351 )))
352
353 (((
354 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
355 )))
356
357 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
358
359 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
360
361 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
362
363 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
364
365 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
366
367 (((
368 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
369 )))
370
371 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
372
373 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
374 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
375 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
376 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
377
378 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
379
380 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
381
382 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
383
384 Open the following page:
385
386 [[image:1657089352139-443.png]]
387
388
389 [[image:1657089363403-611.png]]
390
391
392 (((
393 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
394 )))
395
396 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
397
398 [[image:1657089571089-281.png]]
399
400
401 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
402
403 (((
404 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
405 )))
406
407 (((
408 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
409 )))
410
411 (((
412 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
413 )))
414
415 [[image:1657089586062-302.png]]
416
417
418 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
419
420 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
421
422 [[image:1657089615405-484.png]]
423
424
425 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
426
427 [[image:1657089753667-298.png]]
428
429
430 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
431
432 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
433
434 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
435
436
437 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
438
439 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
440
441
442 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
443
444 (((
445 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
446 )))
447
448 (((
449 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
450 )))
451
452 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
453
454 (((
455 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
456 )))
457
458 (((
459 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
460 )))
461
462 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
463 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
464 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
465
466 (((
467
468
469 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
470 )))
471
472 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
473
474 (((
475 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
476 )))
477
478 (((
479 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
480 )))
481
482 (((
483 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
484 )))
485
486
487 [[image:1657089795213-689.png]]
488
489 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
490
491
492 Start Register the end device
493
494 [[image:1657089816539-483.png]]
495
496 (((
497 Select OTAA activation mode
498
499
500 )))
501
502 (((
503 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
504 )))
505
506 [[image:1657089833529-558.png]]
507
508
509 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
510
511 [[image:1657089845985-297.png]]
512
513
514 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
515
516 [[image:1657089868506-654.png]]
517
518
519 (((
520 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
521
522
523 )))
524
525 (((
526 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
527 )))
528
529 (((
530 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
531 )))
532
533 [[image:1657089884131-489.png]]
534
535
536 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
537
538 == 5.1 Home ==
539
540 Shows the system running status.
541
542 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
543
544
545 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
546
547 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
548
549 (((
550 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
551 )))
552
553 (((
554 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
555 )))
556
557 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
558 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
559
560 (((
561 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
562 )))
563
564 [[image:1657090007385-854.png]]
565
566 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
567
568
569 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
570
571 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
572
573 * No internet connection.
574 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
575
576 (((
577 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
578 )))
579
580 [[image:1657089993263-743.png]]
581
582
583 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
584
585 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
586
587 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
588
589 [[image:1657089950542-323.png]]
590
591 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
592
593 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
594
595 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
596
597 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
598
599
600 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
601
602 [[image:1657089933044-221.png]]
603
604
605 (((
606 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
607
608
609 )))
610
611 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
612
613 (((
614 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
615 )))
616
617 (((
618 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
619 )))
620
621 [[image:1657089965935-695.png]]
622
623
624 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
625
626 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
627
628 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
629
630
631 [[image:1657090037148-906.png]]
632
633
634 == 5.5 System ==
635
636 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
637
638 Shows the system info:
639
640 [[image:1657090055371-265.png]]
641
642
643 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
644
645 [[image:1657090070500-921.png]]
646
647 (((
648 **__System Password:__**
649 )))
650
651 (((
652 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
653 )))
654
655 (((
656 This page can be used to set the password for them.
657 )))
658
659 (((
660 **__Timezone: __**Set device timezone.
661 )))
662
663 (((
664 **__Port forwarding: __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
665
666
667 )))
668
669 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
670
671 [[image:1657090089790-368.png]]
672
673 (((
674 **__LAN Settings:  __**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N's own network.
675 )))
676
677 (((
678 __**WAN Settings: **__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
679 )))
680
681 (((
682 __**WiFi Settings:  **__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
683
684
685 )))
686
687 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
688
689 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
690
691 [[image:1657090107468-438.png]]
692
693
694 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
695
696 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
697
698 [[image:1657090204066-944.png]]
699
700
701 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
702
703
704 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
705
706 [[image:1657090227373-729.png]]
707
708
709 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
710
711 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
712
713 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
714
715 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
716
717 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
718
719 Please see this document for detail:
720
721 (((
722 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
723 )))
724
725
726 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
727
728 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
729
730
731 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
732
733 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
734
735 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
736
737 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
738
739
740 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
741
742 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
743
744
745 (((
746 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
747 )))
748
749 (((
750 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
751 )))
752
753 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
754
755 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
756
757
758 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
759
760 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
761
762 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
763
764 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
765
766 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
767
768 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
769
770 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
771
772
773 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
774
775 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
776
777 (((
778
779 )))
780
781 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
782
783 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
784
785 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
786
787
788 == 5.6 LogRead ==
789
790 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
791
792
793 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
794
795 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
796
797
798 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
799
800 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
801
802 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
803
804
805 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
806
807 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
808
809
810 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
811
812 Show the system log
813
814 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
815
816
817 = 6. More features =
818
819 == 6.1 More instructions ==
820
821 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
822
823
824 = 7. Linux System =
825
826 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
827
828
829 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
830
831 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
832
833 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
834
835 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
836
837 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
838
839 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
840
841 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
842
843 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
844
845 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
846
847 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
848
849
850 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
851
852 (((
853 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
854 )))
855
856 (((
857 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
858 )))
859
860 (((
861 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
862 )))
863
864 (((
865 Screenshot is as below:
866 )))
867
868 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
869
870
871 == 7.3 File System ==
872
873 (((
874 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
875 )))
876
877 (((
878 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
879 )))
880
881 (((
882 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
883 )))
884
885
886 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
887
888 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
889
890 (((
891 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
892 )))
893
894 (((
895 **In Linux Console run:**
896 )))
897
898 (((
899 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
900 )))
901
902 (((
903 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
904 )))
905
906 (((
907 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
908 )))
909
910 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
911
912
913 (((
914 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
915 )))
916
917 (((
918 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
919 )))
920
921 (((
922 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
923 )))
924
925 (((
926 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
927 )))
928
929 (((
930 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
931 )))
932
933 (((
934 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
935 )))
936
937 (((
938 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
939
940
941 )))
942
943 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
944
945
946 = 9. FAQ =
947
948 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
949
950 (((
951 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
952 )))
953
954 (((
955
956 )))
957
958 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
959
960 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
961
962
963 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
964
965 (((
966 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
967 )))
968
969 (((
970 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
971 )))
972
973
974 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
975
976 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
977
978
979 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
980
981 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
982
983 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
984
985 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
986
987 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
988
989 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
990
991 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
992
993 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
994
995 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
996
997 (((
998 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
999 )))
1000
1001 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1002
1003
1004 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1005
1006 (((
1007 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1008 )))
1009
1010 (((
1011
1012 )))
1013
1014 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1015
1016 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
1017
1018 (((
1019 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1020 )))
1021
1022 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1023
1024
1025 (((
1026 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1027 )))
1028
1029 (((
1030 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to DLOS8N's WAN port
1031 )))
1032
1033 (((
1034 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1035 )))
1036
1037 (((
1038 As below photo:
1039 )))
1040
1041 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1042
1043 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1044
1045 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1046
1047
1048 = 11. Order Info =
1049
1050 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1051
1052 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1053
1054 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1055 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %):  valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1056
1057 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1058
1059 * (% style="color:red" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1060 * (% style="color:red" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1061 * (% style="color:red" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1062 * (% style="color:red" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1063
1064 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1065
1066
1067
1068 = 12. Packing Info =
1069
1070 (((
1071 **Package Includes**:
1072 )))
1073
1074 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1075 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1076 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1077
1078 (((
1079 **Dimension and weight**:
1080 )))
1081
1082 * Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
1083 * Weight: 450g
1084 * Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
1085 * Weight: 2.5kg
1086
1087 = 13. Support =
1088
1089 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1090 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1091 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1092 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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