Wiki source code of DLOS8N Outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway

Version 83.1 by Kilight Cao on 2022/06/15 20:38

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
74.2	2	[[image:1652409757234-446.png\|\|height="399" width="399"]]
50.3	3
	4
	5
	6	DLOS8N Outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual
	7
	8
74.2	9	Table of Contents：
50.3	10
73.5	11	{{toc/}}
50.3	12
	13
83.1	14	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Document Version: 1.0.1
50.3	15
83.1	16	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Firmware Version: lgw~-~-build-v5.4.1655274924-20220615-1437(%%)
50.3	17
83.1	18	(% border="1" style="width:770.222px" %)
	19	\|=(% style="width: 98px;" %)Version\|=(% style="width: 553px;" %)Description\|=(% style="width: 115px;" %)Date
	20	\|(% style="width:98px" %)1.0\|(% style="width:553px" %)Release\|(% style="width:115px" %)2022-Apr-9
	21	\|(% style="width:98px" %)1.0.1\|(% style="width:553px" %)(((
	22	Add the information displayed on the LogRead page
	23	)))\|(% style="width:115px" %)2022-June-15
	24	\|(% style="width:98px" %) \|(% style="width:553px" %) \|(% style="width:115px" %)
	25	\|(% style="width:98px" %) \|(% style="width:553px" %) \|(% style="width:115px" %)
	26	\|(% style="width:98px" %) \|(% style="width:553px" %) \|(% style="width:115px" %)
	27	\|(% style="width:98px" %) \|(% style="width:553px" %) \|(% style="width:115px" %)
81.1	28
50.3	29	= 1. Introduction =
	30
	31	== 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
	32
75.2	33	(((
80.7	34	The DLOS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
75.2	35	)))
50.3	36
75.2	37	(((
80.8	38	DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.
75.2	39	)))
50.3	40
75.2	41	(((
80.8	42	DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
75.2	43	)))
50.3	44
75.2	45	(((
50.3	46	DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
75.2	47	)))
50.3	48
75.2	49	(((
80.12	50	DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)auto-provision (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
75.2	51	)))
50.3	52
79.2	53	[[image:1652411526195-923.png\|\|height="494" width="731"]]
50.3	54
	55	== 1.2 Specifications ==
	56
	57	Hardware System:
	58
75.3	59	(((
50.3	60	Linux Part:
75.3	61	)))
50.3	62
	63	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	64	* 64MB RAM
	65	* 16MB Flash
	66
	67	Interface:
	68
	69	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	70	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	71	* LoRaWAN Wireless
	72	* Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
	73	* IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37 ~~ 57 v)
	74	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	75	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	76	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	77
	78	WiFi Spec:
	79
	80	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	81	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	82	* Tx power:
	83	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	84	** 11b tx power: 18db
	85	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	86	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	87	* Wifi Sensitivity
	88	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	89	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	90
	91	LoRa Spec:
	92
	93	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
	94	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	95	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	96	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	97	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	98	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	99	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	100	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	101
	102	Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	103
	104	* Quectel: [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	105	* Standard Size SIM Slot
	106	* 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
	107	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	108	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	109	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	110
	111	Power over Ethernet:
	112
	113	* IEEE 802.3af compliant.
	114	* Support wide input voltage range 37Vdc to 57Vdc.
	115	* Thermal cut off.
	116	* Short circuit protection.
	117	* Over current protection
	118	* Isolation level 4 KVrms.
	119	* Enhanced surge protection
	120
	121	== 1.3 Features ==
	122
	123	* Open Source Embedded Linux system
	124	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
	125	* Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
	126	* Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
	127	* Cellular Failover conntection(option)
	128	* Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
	129	* LoRaWAN packet filtering
	130	* Far seeing LED indicator
	131	* Built-in GPS module for location & timing
	132	* External fiber glass antenna
	133	* Auto-Provision
	134	* Remote Monitoring
	135	* 802.3af PoE
	136	* IP65
	137	* Lighting Protection
	138	* Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
	139
	140	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
	141
75.3	142	[[image:1652411641871-482.png\|\|height="416" width="716"]]
50.3	143
	144	== 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
	145
73.5	146	[[image:1652411671209-920.png\|\|height="618" width="650"]]
50.3	147
	148	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	149
73.5	150	[[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
50.3	151
	152
	153	There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
	154
	155	(((
	156	(((
	157	* (((
	158	(% style="color:green" %)SOLID GREEN: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
	159	)))
	160	)))
	161
	162	* (((
	163	(% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)RED (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)YELLOW (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
	164	)))
	165	* (((
	166	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
	167	)))
	168	)))
	169
	170	== 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
	171
	172	DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
	173
73.5	174	[[image:1652412859663-161.png\|\|height="341" width="333"]]
50.3	175
	176	= 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
	177
	178	The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
	179
	180	== 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
	181
	182	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
	183
73.5	184	[[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
50.3	185
	186	At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password:
	187
73.5	188	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	189
	190	(% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
	191
75.3	192	(((
50.3	193	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
75.3	194	)))
50.3	195
	196	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
	197
73.5	198	[[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
50.3	199
	200
77.2	201	(((
50.3	202	Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
77.2	203	)))
50.3	204
	205	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
	206
73.5	207	[[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
50.3	208
	209
	210	If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
	211
	212	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	213
	214	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
	215
	216	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	217
	218	Web Interface
	219
	220	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	221
	222	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	223
	224	or
	225
	226	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	227
	228
	229	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	230
	231	The account details for Web Login are:
	232
	233	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	234
	235	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	236
73.5	237	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	238
	239	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	240
	241	== 3.1 Overview ==
	242
	243	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	244
	245	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	246	* WiFi Client Mode
	247	* WiFi AP Mode
	248	* Cellular Mode
	249
	250	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	251
	252	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	253
73.5	254	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	255
	256	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	257
	258	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	259
77.2	260	(((
50.3	261	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	262	)))
50.3	263
73.5	264	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	265
77.2	266	(((
50.3	267	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
77.2	268	)))
50.3	269
	270	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	271
	272	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	273
77.2	274	(((
50.3	275	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	276	)))
50.3	277
73.5	278	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	279
	280
80.2	281	(((
78.2	282	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	283	)))
50.3	284
77.2	285	(((
50.3	286	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	287	)))
50.3	288
77.2	289	(((
50.3	290	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	291	)))
50.3	292
80.2	293	(((
73.5	294	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	295	)))
50.3	296
	297	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	298
	299	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	300
	301	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	302
78.2	303	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	304	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	305	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	306
73.5	307	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	308
	309	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	310
	311	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	312
80.4	313	(((
73.5	314	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	315	)))
50.3	316
	317	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	318
80.9	319	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	320
	321	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	322
	323	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	324
78.3	325	(((
50.3	326	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	327	)))
50.3	328
80.4	329	(((
73.5	330	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	331	)))
50.3	332
80.4	333	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	334
	335	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	336
	337	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	338
73.5	339	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	340
	341	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	342
80.4	343	(((
73.5	344	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	345	)))
50.3	346
	347	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	348
	349	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	350	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	351	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	352	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	353
	354	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	355
73.5	356	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	357
	358	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	359
	360	Open the following page:
	361
73.5	362	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	363
73.5	364	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	365
80.4	366	(((
50.3	367	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	368	)))
50.3	369
	370	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	371
73.5	372	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	373
	374	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	375
80.4	376	(((
50.3	377	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	378	)))
50.3	379
80.4	380	(((
50.3	381	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	382	)))
50.3	383
80.4	384	(((
50.3	385	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	386	)))
50.3	387
73.5	388	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	389
	390	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	391
	392	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	393
73.5	394	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	395
	396	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	397
73.5	398	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	399
	400	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	401
	402	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	403
73.5	404	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	405
	406
	407	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	408
73.5	409	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	410
78.3	411	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	412
78.3	413	(((
50.3	414	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	415	)))
50.3	416
78.3	417	(((
50.3	418	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	419	)))
50.3	420
73.5	421	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	422
78.3	423	(((
50.3	424	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	425	)))
50.3	426
78.3	427	(((
50.3	428	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	429	)))
50.3	430
	431	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	432	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	433	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	434
78.3	435	(((
50.3	436	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	437	)))
50.3	438
73.5	439	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	440
78.3	441	(((
50.3	442	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	443	)))
50.3	444
78.3	445	(((
50.3	446	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	447	)))
50.3	448
78.3	449	(((
50.3	450	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	451	)))
50.3	452
73.5	453	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	454
	455	Open the Application select Add end device
	456
	457	Start Register the end device
	458
73.5	459	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	460
78.3	461	(((
50.3	462	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	463	)))
50.3	464
78.3	465	(((
50.3	466	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	467	)))
50.3	468
73.5	469	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	470
	471	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	472
73.5	473	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	474
	475	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	476
73.5	477	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	478
78.3	479	(((
50.3	480	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	481	)))
50.3	482
78.3	483	(((
50.3	484	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	485	)))
50.3	486
78.3	487	(((
50.3	488	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	489	)))
50.3	490
73.5	491	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	492
	493	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	494
	495	== 5.1 Home ==
	496
	497	Shows the system running status.
	498
73.5	499	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	500
	501	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	502
	503	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	504
78.4	505	(((
50.3	506	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	507	)))
50.3	508
78.4	509	(((
50.3	510	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	511	)))
50.3	512
	513	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	514	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	515
78.4	516	(((
50.3	517	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	518	)))
50.3	519
73.5	520	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	521
80.10	522	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	523
	524
	525	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	526
	527	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	528
	529	* No internet connection.
80.9	530	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	531
78.4	532	(((
80.10	533	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	534	)))
50.3	535
73.5	536	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	537
	538	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	539
	540	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	541
	542	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	543
73.5	544	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	545
	546	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	547
	548	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	549
	550	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	551
80.10	552	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	553
	554	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	555
73.5	556	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	557
78.4	558	(((
80.10	559	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	560	)))
50.3	561
	562	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	563
78.4	564	(((
50.3	565	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	566	)))
50.3	567
78.4	568	(((
80.10	569	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	570	)))
50.3	571
73.5	572	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	573
	574	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	575
	576	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	577
80.10	578	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	579
	580
73.5	581	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	582
	583	== 5.5 System ==
	584
	585	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	586
	587	Shows the system info:
	588
73.5	589	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	590
	591	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	592
73.5	593	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	594
78.5	595	(((
54.2	596	__System Password:__
78.5	597	)))
50.3	598
78.5	599	(((
54.2	600	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	601	)))
50.3	602
78.5	603	(((
50.3	604	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	605	)))
50.3	606
54.2	607	(((
78.5	608	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	609	)))
50.3	610
54.2	611	(((
78.5	612	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	613	)))
50.3	614
54.2	615	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	616
73.5	617	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	618
78.5	619	(((
	620	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	621	)))
50.3	622
54.2	623	(((
78.5	624	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	625	)))
50.3	626
54.2	627	(((
78.5	628	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	629
	630
54.2	631	)))
50.3	632
54.2	633	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	634
	635	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	636
73.5	637	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	638
54.2	639	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	640
	641	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	642
73.5	643	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	644
54.2	645	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	646
59.2	647	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	648
73.5	649	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	650
59.2	651	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	652
	653	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	654
73.5	655	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	656
73.5	657	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	658
73.5	659	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	660
	661	Please see this document for detail:
	662
80.4	663	(((
50.3	664	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	665	)))
50.3	666
	667
80.10	668	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	669
73.5	670	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	671
80.10	672
66.2	673	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	674
	675	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	676
	677	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	678
	679	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	680
	681	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	682
	683	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	684
78.5	685	(((
66.2	686	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	687	)))
50.3	688
78.5	689	(((
66.2	690	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	691	)))
50.3	692
73.5	693	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	694
	695	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	696
66.2	697	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	698
	699	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	700
73.5	701	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	702
66.2	703	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	704
66.2	705	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	706
66.2	707	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	708
66.2	709	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	710
66.2	711	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	712
73.5	713	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	714
73.7	715	(((
	716
	717	)))
50.3	718
66.2	719	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	720
73.5	721	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	722
	723	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	724
66.2	725	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	726
66.2	727	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	728
73.5	729	[[image:1652430356784-567.png\|\|height="325" width="730"]]
50.3	730
	731	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	732
66.2	733	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	734
	735	Show the system log
	736
73.5	737	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	738
66.2	739	= 6. More features =
50.3	740
66.2	741	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	742
80.12	743	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	744
80.12	745
66.2	746	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	747
	748	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	749
66.2	750	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	751
	752	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	753
	754	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	755
	756	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	757
71.2	758	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	759
71.2	760	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	761
	762	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	763
73.5	764	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	765
71.2	766	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	767
73.5	768	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	769
80.13	770
67.3	771	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	772
78.5	773	(((
71.2	774	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	775	)))
50.3	776
78.5	777	(((
50.3	778	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	779	)))
50.3	780
78.5	781	(((
50.3	782	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	783	)))
50.3	784
78.5	785	(((
50.3	786	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	787	)))
50.3	788
73.5	789	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	790
	791
71.3	792	== 7.3 File System ==
	793
78.6	794	(((
50.3	795	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	796	)))
50.3	797
78.6	798	(((
50.3	799	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	800	)))
50.3	801
78.6	802	(((
50.3	803	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	804	)))
50.3	805
71.6	806
71.3	807	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	808
71.3	809	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	810
78.6	811	(((
71.3	812	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	813	)))
50.3	814
78.6	815	(((
71.6	816	In Linux Console run:
78.6	817	)))
50.3	818
71.6	819	(((
71.7	820	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	821	)))
50.3	822
71.6	823	(((
	824	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	825	)))
50.3	826
71.6	827	(((
	828	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	829	)))
50.3	830
	831	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	832
	833
71.6	834	(((
71.7	835	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	836	)))
50.3	837
71.6	838	(((
71.7	839	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	840	)))
50.3	841
71.6	842	(((
73.3	843	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	844	)))
50.3	845
71.6	846	(((
71.7	847	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	848	)))
50.3	849
71.6	850	(((
73.3	851	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	852	)))
50.3	853
71.6	854	(((
71.7	855	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	856	)))
50.3	857
71.6	858	(((
71.7	859	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	860	)))
50.3	861
73.2	862	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	863
71.7	864
73.2	865	= 9. FAQ =
	866
71.6	867	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	868
78.6	869	(((
80.10	870	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	871	)))
50.3	872
78.6	873	(((
80.10	874
78.6	875	)))
50.3	876
71.6	877	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	878
80.10	879	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	880
73.2	881
71.6	882	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	883
78.6	884	(((
50.3	885	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	886	)))
50.3	887
78.6	888	(((
50.3	889	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	890	)))
50.3	891
73.2	892
71.6	893	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	894
	895	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	896
71.7	897
73.2	898	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	899
71.6	900	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	901
	902	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	903
73.3	904	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	905
73.5	906	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	907
73.3	908	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	909
73.3	910	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	911
73.3	912	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	913
73.3	914	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	915
78.6	916	(((
50.3	917	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	918	)))
50.3	919
73.3	920	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	921
73.2	922
71.6	923	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	924
78.6	925	(((
80.11	926	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	927	)))
50.3	928
78.6	929	(((
80.11	930
78.6	931	)))
50.3	932
71.6	933	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	934
73.5	935	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	936
78.6	937	(((
50.3	938	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	939	)))
50.3	940
73.5	941	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	942
	943
	944	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	945
73.2	946	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	947
	948	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	949	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	950	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	951
	952	As below photo:
	953
73.5	954	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	955
73.2	956	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	957
	958	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	959
73.5	960
71.7	961	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	962
73.6	963	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	964
73.6	965	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	966
73.6	967	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	968	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	969
73.6	970	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	971
73.6	972	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	973	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	974	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	975	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	976
	977	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	978
73.6	979
71.7	980	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	981
78.6	982	(((
50.3	983	Package Includes:
78.6	984	)))
50.3	985
	986	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	987	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	988	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	989
78.6	990	(((
50.3	991	Dimension and weight:
78.6	992	)))
50.3	993
	994	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	995	* Weight: 187g
	996	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	997	* Weight: 300g
	998
71.7	999	= 13. Support =
50.3	1000
80.15	1001	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1002	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1003	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1004	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of DLOS8N Outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway

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