Wiki source code of Armbian OS instruction

Version 97.1 by Kilight Cao on 2023/05/08 15:58
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1 **Table of Contents：**
2
3 {{toc/}}
4
5
6
7
8 = 1.  Overview =
9
10
11 This is a general instruction for the use of Armbian base OS of Dragino devices. Current models include:
12
13 * HP0A
14 * HP0C
15 * LPS8v2
16 * MS20
17
18 (% style="display:none" %)
19
20
21 = 2.  Development Guide =
22
23
24 For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
25
26
27 == 2.1  How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
28
29
30 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package**(%%) ===
31
32
33 **Requirements:**
34
35 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev(%%)**
36
37 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev(%%)**
38
39
40 **Run command clone dragino-fwd package: (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git(%%)**
41
42
43 [[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
44
45
46 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
47
48
49 **After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:**
50
51 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd:  ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c**
52
53
54 The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
55
56 [[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
57
58
59
60 When the compilation is complete a** (% style="color:blue" %)draginofwd-*.deb(%%) **package is generated.
61
62 [[image:image-20220527154311-4.png||height="385" width="773"]]
63
64
65 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd**(%%) ===
66
67
68 **Run command:**
69
70 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg -i draginofwd-*.deb **
71
72
73 [[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
74
75
76 === (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4. Test**(%%) ===
77
78
79 **Check the dragino_fwd log:**
80
81 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**journalctl -u draginofwd -f**
82
83
84 [[image:image-20220527165221-7.png||height="182" width="931"]]
85
86
87 **Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:**
88
89 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl start draginofwd**
90
91 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**systemctl stop draginofwd**
92
93
94 == 2.2  How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
95
96 == 2.3  How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
97
98 === 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
99
100
101 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//**Preparations:**//
102
103 //1. Prepare an SD card and a card reader device//
104
105 //2. Formatting the SD card (Make sure the SD card is empty)//
106
107 3. //Download the OS image from the **[[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]**: ( File format **dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img** )//
108
109 4. //A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from **[[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]** )//
110
111 5. //SD Card **[[formatter>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]]**//
112
113
114 ==== Step 1.  Formatting the SD Card ====
115
116 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
117
118
119 ==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
120
121 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
122
123
124 ==== Step 3. Select the target ====
125
126 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
127
128 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
129
130
131 ==== Step 4. Flash start ====
132
133 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
134
135 [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
136
137
138
139 === 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
140
141
142 //1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot//
143
144 //2. After the device is powered on, use the serial port or gateway ip address to access the CLI of the gateway.//
145
146 //3. Login and run the below command to flash.//
147
148
149 //The following are two methods for accessing the gateway CLI~://
150
151
152 **Method1. Use the serial port USB to access the gateway CLI**
153
154 //For more information about how to access gateway using  serial USB, see this link~://
155
156 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H6.HowuserscanaccessLPS8-V2usingserialUSB>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H6.HowuserscanaccessLPS8-V2usingserialUSB]]
157
158
159 **Method2. Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI**
160
161 //Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.//
162
163
164 IP address:  IP address of gateway or **Fallback IP**(172.31.255.254)
165
166 Port:  22
167
168 User Name:      (% style="color:blue" %)**root**
169
170 Password:         (% style="color:blue" %)**dragino**(%%) (default)
171
172 //After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
173
174
175 [[image:image-20230508155357-1.png||height="225" width="634"]]
176
177
178 **Run command:**
179
180 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**nand-sata-install**
181
182
183 [[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
184
185
186
187 Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".**
188
189 [[image:image-20220602112058-2.png||height="292" width="646"]]
190
191
192 [[image:image-20220602112106-3.png||height="301" width="643"]]
193
194
195
196 Select the (% style="color:red" %)**"1  ext4"**
197
198 [[image:image-20220602112113-4.png||height="271" width="642"]]
199
200
201
202 It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
203
204 [[image:image-20220602112119-5.png||height="309" width="641"]]
205
206
207 [[image:image-20220602112125-6.png||height="281" width="640"]]
208
209
210 [[image:image-20220602112131-7.png||height="241" width="638"]]
211
212
213 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.**
214
215
216 == 2.4 Default Built Version ==
217
218
219 [[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
220
221
222 == 2.5 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
223
224
225 By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
226
227 [[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
228
229 **If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.**
230
231
232 #install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
233
234 [[image:image-20221112154230-3.png||height="89" width="689"]]
235
236 (% class="box infomessage" %)
237 (((
238 **npm install -g n**
239 )))
240
241
242 #Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
243
244 [[image:image-20221112154418-4.png||height="184" width="893"]]
245
246 (% class="box infomessage" %)
247 (((
248 **n lts**
249 )))
250
251
252 #Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
253
254 [[image:image-20221112154456-5.png||height="139" width="899"]]
255
256 (% class="box infomessage" %)
257 (((
258 **n prune**
259 )))
260
261
262 (% class="box infomessage" %)
263 (((
264 **apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot**
265 )))
266
267
268 Check the current version
269
270 [[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
271
272 (% class="box infomessage" %)
273 (((
274 **node -v**
275 )))
276
277
278 == 2.6 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
279
280
281 === **Grafana:** ===
282
283
284 (% class="box infomessage" %)
285 (((
286 curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
287 echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
288 apt update && apt install grafana
289 )))
290
291
292 Check the running status:
293
294
295 (% class="box infomessage" %)
296 (((
297 systemctl status grafana-server
298 )))
299
300
301 configuration path:
302
303
304 (% class="box infomessage" %)
305 (((
306 /etc/grafana/grafana.ini
307 )))
308
309
310 === **Influxdb:** ===
311
312
313 (% class="box infomessage" %)
314 (((
315 curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdb.key | gpg ~-~-dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
316 echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
317 apt update && apt install influxdb
318 )))
319
320
321 Check the running status:
322
323
324 (% class="box infomessage" %)
325 (((
326 systemctl status influxdb
327 )))
328
329
330 configuration path:
331
332
333 (% class="box infomessage" %)
334 (((
335 /etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
336 )))
337
338
339 = 3.  Package Management =
340
341 == 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
342
343 === 3.1.1  How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
344
345
346 By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates. 
347
348
349 (% style="color:blue" %)**When devices will check for updates**?
350
351 * Devices will check for updates for every boot.
352 * Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
353
354 (% style="color:blue" %)**What packages will be checked for updates**?
355
356 dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
357
358 dragino-sid  ~-~- SN write and read tool
359
360 dragino-ui  ~-~- Gateway Web UI package
361
362 draginofwd   ~-~- UDP packet forwarder, LoRa Base Station
363
364 draginoups   ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
365
366
367
368 (% style="color:blue" %)**Location and changelog for packages**:
369
370 * Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
371 * Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
372
373 (% style="color:blue" %)**How to view auto-updated log**
374
375 You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)**System ~-~-> Package Management.**
376
377
378 [[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
379
380
381
382 (% style="color:blue" %)**Can I disable package-auto-update?**
383
384 You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %)** ‘SAVE’ **(%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
385
386
387 [[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
388
389
390 === 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
391
392
393 You can click the (% style="color:red" %)**‘Manual Update’**(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
394
395
396 [[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
397
398
399 === 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
400
401
402 For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
403
404
405 == 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
406
407 === 3.2.1 Overview ===
408
409
410 Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
411
412
413 === 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
414
415
416 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install apache2**
417
418
419 === 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
420
421
422 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/(%%)**
423
424 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/ -p(%%)**
425
426 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/ -p(%%)**
427
428
429 **Tree Structure:**
430
431 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: If you are not familiar with updating servers, most directory names are not recommended to be changed.**
432
433
434 └── debian
435
436 └── release
437
438 ├── dists
439
440 │   └── stable
441
442 │       └── main
443
444 │           └── binary-armhf
445
446 └── pool
447
448 └── main
449
450 └── d
451
452 └── dragino   ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.**
453
454
455 === 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
456
457
458 The deb packages for auto-update can be placed in** (% style="color:blue" %)/var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
459
460 Below is an example package(testing-0808.deb) for test purpose:
461
462
463 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/testing-0808.deb(%%)**
464
465 **~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)**
466
467
468 === 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
469
470
471 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/**
472
473 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**dpkg-scanpackages pool/ > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages**
474
475 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cat dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages | gzip -9 > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages.gz**
476
477
478 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.**
479
480
481 === 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
482
483
484 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Create the generated script:**(%%) ====
485
486
487 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
488
489
490 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh]]**
491
492 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**chmod + x ./generate-release.sh**
493
494 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**./generate-release.sh > Release**
495
496
497 === 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
498
499
500 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Make sure auto-update server has gnupg**(%%) ====
501
502
503 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt install gnupg**
504
505
506
507 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**generate gpg key**(%%) ====
508
509
510 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg -gen-key**
511
512
513 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.**
514
515
516
517 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Check the gen-key**(%%) ====
518
519
520 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gen -list-key**
521
522
523
524 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the release.gpg**(%%) ====
525
526
527 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable**
528
529 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-detach-sign -o Release.gpg Release**
530
531
532 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-clearsign -o InRelease Release**
533
534
535
536 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Generate the public key**(%%) ====
537
538
539 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>**
540
541
542 **example: gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output xiao.asc ~-~-export **[[xiaoye@dragino.cc>>mailto:xiaoye@dragino.cc]]
543
544
545
546 === 3.2.8 Add url as apt source in LPS8v2 / MS20 ===
547
548
549
550 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the public key**(%%) ====
551
552
553 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/**
554
555
556 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.**
557
558
559
560 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Add the apt source list**(%%) ====
561
562
563 Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
564
565 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**echo "deb http:~/~/<IP_address or hostname>/debian/release stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/test_server.list**
566
567
568
569 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Validate the apt repository**(%%) ====
570
571
572 Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
573
574 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**apt update && apt install testing**
575
576
577 Example output:
578
579 [[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
580
581
582 === 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
583
584
585 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Remove dragino apt source**(%%) ====
586
587
588 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**/etc/apt/sources.list**
589
590
591 [[image:1661306460134-112.png]]
592
593
594
595 ==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Set up automatic updates**(%%) ====
596
597
598 (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)**Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates**
599
600
601 The device performs automatic updates from this script,
602
603 But it will now only look for dragino as a keyword, so you need to replace the keyword dragino with your own keyword.
604
605
606 [[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
607
608
609

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