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... ... @@ -7,15 +7,12 @@
7 7  **RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
8 8  
9 9  
10 -
11 11  **Table of Contents:**
12 12  
13 -{{toc/}}
14 14  
15 15  
16 16  
17 17  
18 -
19 19  = 1.Introduction =
20 20  
21 21  == 1.1 What is RS485-BL RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
... ... @@ -25,19 +25,19 @@
25 25  )))
26 26  
27 27  (((
28 -The Dragino RS485-BL is a (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 / UART to LoRaWAN Converter**(%%) for Internet of Things solutions. User can connect RS485 or UART sensor to RS485-BL converter, and configure RS485-BL to periodically read sensor data and upload via LoRaWAN network to IoT server.
25 +The Dragino RS485-BL is a **RS485 / UART to LoRaWAN Converter** for Internet of Things solutions. User can connect RS485 or UART sensor to RS485-BL converter, and configure RS485-BL to periodically read sensor data and upload via LoRaWAN network to IoT server.
29 29  )))
30 30  
31 31  (((
32 -RS485-BL can interface to RS485 sensor, 3.3v/5v UART sensor or interrupt sensor. RS485-BL provides (% style="color:blue" %)**a 3.3v output**(%%) and** (% style="color:blue" %)a 5v output(%%)** to power external sensors. Both output voltages are controllable to minimize the total system power consumption.
29 +RS485-BL can interface to RS485 sensor, 3.3v/5v UART sensor or interrupt sensor. RS485-BL provides **a 3.3v output** and** a 5v output** to power external sensors. Both output voltages are controllable to minimize the total system power consumption.
33 33  )))
34 34  
35 35  (((
36 -RS485-BL is IP67 (% style="color:blue" %)**waterproof**(%%) and powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), it is designed for long term use for several years.
33 +RS485-BL is IP67 **waterproof** and powered by **8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**, it is designed for long term use for several years.
37 37  )))
38 38  
39 39  (((
40 -RS485-BL runs standard (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN 1.0.3 in Class A**(%%). It can reach long transfer range and easy to integrate with LoRaWAN compatible gateway and IoT server.
37 +RS485-BL runs standard **LoRaWAN 1.0.3 in Class A**. It can reach long transfer range and easy to integrate with LoRaWAN compatible gateway and IoT server.
41 41  )))
42 42  
43 43  (((
... ... @@ -54,11 +54,8 @@
54 54  
55 55  [[image:1652953304999-717.png||height="424" width="733"]]
56 56  
57 -
58 -
59 59  == 1.2 Specifications ==
60 60  
61 -
62 62  **Hardware System:**
63 63  
64 64  * STM32L072CZT6 MCU
... ... @@ -65,6 +65,8 @@
65 65  * SX1276/78 Wireless Chip 
66 66  * Power Consumption (exclude RS485 device):
67 67  ** Idle: 6uA@3.3v
62 +
63 +*
68 68  ** 20dB Transmit: 130mA@3.3v
69 69  
70 70  **Interface for Model:**
... ... @@ -118,12 +118,9 @@
118 118  
119 119  [[RS485-BL Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/RS485-BL/Firmware/||style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"]]
120 120  
121 -
122 122  == 1.6 Hardware Change log ==
123 123  
124 124  (((
125 -
126 -
127 127  v1.4
128 128  )))
129 129  
... ... @@ -147,8 +147,6 @@
147 147  
148 148  (((
149 149  Release version ​​​​​
150 -
151 -
152 152  )))
153 153  
154 154  = 2. Pin mapping and Power ON Device =
... ... @@ -162,7 +162,6 @@
162 162  
163 163  The Left TXD and RXD are TTL interface for external sensor. TTL level is controlled by 3.3/5v Jumper.
164 164  
165 -
166 166  = 3. Operation Mode =
167 167  
168 168  == 3.1 How it works? ==
... ... @@ -169,8 +169,6 @@
169 169  
170 170  (((
171 171  The RS485-BL is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-BL. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
172 -
173 -
174 174  )))
175 175  
176 176  == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ==
... ... @@ -206,6 +206,8 @@
206 206  )))
207 207  
208 208  
197 +
198 +
209 209  [[image:image-20220519174512-1.png]]
210 210  
211 211  [[image:image-20220519174512-2.png||height="328" width="731"]]
... ... @@ -229,13 +229,10 @@
229 229  
230 230  [[image:1652953568895-172.png||height="232" width="724"]]
231 231  
232 -
233 233  == 3.3 Configure Commands to read data ==
234 234  
235 235  (((
236 -There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>||anchor="H3.5ConfigureRS485-BLviaATorDownlink"]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
237 -
238 -
225 +There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>path:#AT_COMMAND]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
239 239  )))
240 240  
241 241  === 3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication ===
... ... @@ -316,8 +316,6 @@
316 316  )))
317 317  )))
318 318  
319 -
320 -
321 321  === 3.3.2 Configure sensors ===
322 322  
323 323  (((
... ... @@ -338,9 +338,8 @@
338 338  mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
339 339  )))|(% style="width:256px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
340 340  
341 -Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>||anchor="HRS485DebugCommand28AT2BCFGDEV29"]].
326 +Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>path:#AT_CFGDEV]].
342 342  
343 -
344 344  === 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
345 345  
346 346  (((
... ... @@ -438,7 +438,7 @@
438 438  
439 439  **Examples:**
440 440  
441 -1）For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
425 +1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
442 442  
443 443  If we set AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34.      (max 5 bytes for prefix)
444 444  
... ... @@ -446,7 +446,7 @@
446 446  
447 447  [[image:1653271044481-711.png]]
448 448  
449 -2）For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
433 +1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
450 450  
451 451  If we set AT+SEARCH1=2, 1E 56 34+31 00 49
452 452  
... ... @@ -465,19 +465,16 @@
465 465  * **c: define the position for valid value.  **
466 466  )))
467 467  
452 +Examples:
468 468  
469 -**Examples:**
470 -
471 471  * Grab bytes:
472 472  
473 473  [[image:1653271581490-837.png||height="313" width="722"]]
474 474  
475 -
476 476  * Grab a section.
477 477  
478 478  [[image:1653271648378-342.png||height="326" width="720"]]
479 479  
480 -
481 481  * Grab different sections.
482 482  
483 483  [[image:1653271657255-576.png||height="305" width="730"]]
... ... @@ -520,82 +520,64 @@
520 520  
521 521  [[image:1653271763403-806.png]]
522 522  
523 -=== 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload ===
524 524  
525 -(((
505 +
506 +
507 +1.
508 +11.
509 +111. Compose the uplink payload
510 +
526 526  Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.**
527 -)))
528 528  
529 -(((
530 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
531 -)))
532 532  
533 -(((
534 -Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**A SIGNLE UPLINK**.
535 -)))
514 +**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
536 536  
537 -(((
516 +Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **A SIGNLE UPLINK**.
517 +
538 538  Final Payload is
539 -)))
540 540  
541 -(((
542 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx
543 -)))
520 +Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx
544 544  
545 -(((
546 546  Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot.
547 -)))
548 548  
549 -[[image:1653272787040-634.png||height="515" width="719"]]
524 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.png]]
550 550  
551 -(((
552 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
553 -)))
554 554  
555 -(((
556 -Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**.
557 -)))
558 558  
559 -(((
528 +**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
529 +
530 +Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **Multiply UPLINKs**.
531 +
560 560  Final Payload is
561 -)))
562 562  
563 -(((
564 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA
565 -)))
534 +Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA
566 566  
567 -1. (((
568 -Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage
569 -)))
570 -1. (((
571 -PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER
572 -)))
573 -1. (((
574 -PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
575 -)))
576 -1. (((
577 -PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
578 -)))
579 -1. (((
580 -DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes
581 -)))
536 +1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage
537 +1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER
538 +1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
539 +1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
540 +1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, [[Notice*!>>path:#max_byte]]) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes
582 582  
583 -[[image:1653272817147-600.png||height="437" width="717"]]
542 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.png]]
584 584  
544 +
585 585  So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink includes 6 bytes DATA
586 586  
587 -DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 0a 33 90 41
547 +DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = 20 20 0a 33 90 41
588 588  
589 -DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)02 aa 05 81 0a 20
549 +DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= 02 aa 05 81 0a 20
590 590  
591 -DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 =(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 20 2d 30
551 +DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 = 20 20 20 2d 30
592 592  
553 +
554 +
593 593  Below are the uplink payloads:
594 594  
595 -[[image:1653272901032-107.png]]
557 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.png]]
596 596  
597 -(% style="color:red" %)Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
598 598  
560 +Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
561 +
599 599   ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)
600 600  
601 601   * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).
... ... @@ -604,121 +604,90 @@
604 604  
605 605   ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink  ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).
606 606  
607 -=== 3.3.5 Uplink on demand ===
608 608  
609 -(((
571 +
572 +1.
573 +11.
574 +111. Uplink on demand
575 +
610 610  Except uplink periodically, RS485-BL is able to uplink on demand. The server sends downlink command to RS485-BL and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.
611 -)))
612 612  
613 -(((
614 614  Downlink control command:
615 -)))
616 616  
617 -(((
618 -**0x08 command**: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.
619 -)))
580 +[[0x08 command>>path:#downlink_08]]: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.
620 620  
621 -(((
622 -**0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.
623 -)))
582 +[[0xA8 command>>path:#downlink_A8]]: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.
624 624  
625 -=== 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt ===
626 626  
627 -Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.
628 628  
629 -[[image:1653273818896-432.png]]
586 +1.
587 +11.
588 +111. Uplink on Interrupt
630 630  
631 -(((
590 +Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]
591 +
632 632  AT+INTMOD=0  Disable Interrupt
633 -)))
634 634  
635 -(((
636 636  AT+INTMOD=1  Interrupt trigger by rising or falling edge.
637 -)))
638 638  
639 -(((
640 640  AT+INTMOD=2  Interrupt trigger by falling edge. ( Default Value)
641 -)))
642 642  
643 -(((
644 644  AT+INTMOD=3  Interrupt trigger by rising edge.
645 -)))
646 646  
647 -== 3.4 Uplink Payload ==
648 648  
649 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:850px" %)
650 -|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:130px" %)**2**|(% style="width:93px" %)**1**|(% style="width:509px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands**
651 -|Value|(% style="width:130px" %)(((
652 -(((
601 +1.
602 +11. Uplink Payload
603 +
604 +|**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands**
605 +|Value|(((
653 653  Battery(mV)
654 -)))
655 655  
656 -(((
657 657  &
658 -)))
659 659  
660 -(((
661 661  Interrupt _Flag
662 -)))
663 -)))|(% style="width:93px" %)(((
611 +)))|(((
664 664  PAYLOAD_VER
665 665  
666 666  
667 -)))|(% style="width:509px" %)If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
615 +)))|If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
668 668  
669 669  Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.
670 670  
671 -(((
619 +
672 672  function Decoder(bytes, port) {
673 -)))
674 674  
675 -(((
676 676  ~/~/Payload Formats of RS485-BL Deceive
677 -)))
678 678  
679 -(((
680 680  return {
681 -)))
682 682  
683 -(((
684 684   ~/~/Battery,units:V
685 -)))
686 686  
687 -(((
688 688   BatV:((bytes[0]<<8 | bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000,
689 -)))
690 690  
691 -(((
692 692   ~/~/GPIO_EXTI 
693 -)))
694 694  
695 -(((
696 696   EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE",
697 -)))
698 698  
699 -(((
700 700   ~/~/payload of version
701 -)))
702 702  
703 -(((
704 704   Pay_ver:bytes[2],
705 -)))
706 706  
707 -(((
708 708   };
709 -)))
710 710  
711 -(((
712 712   }
713 -)))
714 714  
715 -(((
642 +
643 +
644 +
645 +
646 +
647 +
716 716  TTN V3 uplink screen shot.
717 -)))
718 718  
719 -[[image:1653274001211-372.png||height="192" width="732"]]
650 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]]
720 720  
721 -== 3.5 Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink ==
652 +1.
653 +11. Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink
722 722  
723 723  User can configure RS485-BL via [[AT Commands >>path:#_​Using_the_AT]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
724 724  
... ... @@ -728,15 +728,15 @@
728 728  
729 729  * **Sensor Related Commands**: These commands are special designed for RS485-BL.  User can see these commands below:
730 730  
731 -1.
732 -11.
663 +1.
664 +11.
733 733  111. Common Commands:
734 734  
735 735  They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands]]
736 736  
737 737  
738 -1.
739 -11.
670 +1.
671 +11.
740 740  111. Sensor related commands:
741 741  
742 742  ==== Choose Device Type (RS485 or TTL) ====
... ... @@ -1042,13 +1042,13 @@
1042 1042  
1043 1043  
1044 1044  
1045 -1.
977 +1.
1046 1046  11. Buttons
1047 1047  
1048 1048  |**Button**|**Feature**
1049 1049  |**RST**|Reboot RS485-BL
1050 1050  
1051 -1.
983 +1.
1052 1052  11. +3V3 Output
1053 1053  
1054 1054  RS485-BL has a Controllable +3V3 output, user can use this output to power external sensor.
... ... @@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@
1066 1066  By default, the AT+3V3T=0. This is a special case, means the +3V3 output is always on at any time
1067 1067  
1068 1068  
1069 -1.
1001 +1.
1070 1070  11. +5V Output
1071 1071  
1072 1072  RS485-BL has a Controllable +5V output, user can use this output to power external sensor.
... ... @@ -1086,13 +1086,13 @@
1086 1086  
1087 1087  
1088 1088  
1089 -1.
1021 +1.
1090 1090  11. LEDs
1091 1091  
1092 1092  |**LEDs**|**Feature**
1093 1093  |**LED1**|Blink when device transmit a packet.
1094 1094  
1095 -1.
1027 +1.
1096 1096  11. Switch Jumper
1097 1097  
1098 1098  |**Switch Jumper**|**Feature**
... ... @@ -1138,7 +1138,7 @@
1138 1138  
1139 1139  
1140 1140  
1141 -1.
1073 +1.
1142 1142  11. Common AT Command Sequence
1143 1143  111. Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308)
1144 1144  
... ... @@ -1157,8 +1157,8 @@
1157 1157  
1158 1158  ATZ
1159 1159  
1160 -1.
1161 -11.
1092 +1.
1093 +11.
1162 1162  111. Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02)
1163 1163  
1164 1164  AT+FDR   Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve
... ... @@ -1233,7 +1233,7 @@
1233 1233  [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image035.png]] [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.png]]
1234 1234  
1235 1235  
1236 -1.
1168 +1.
1237 1237  11. How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region?
1238 1238  
1239 1239  User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>path:#upgrade_image]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.
... ... @@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@
1240 1240  
1241 1241  
1242 1242  
1243 -1.
1175 +1.
1244 1244  11. How many RS485-Slave can RS485-BL connects?
1245 1245  
1246 1246  The RS485-BL can support max 32 RS485 devices. Each uplink command of RS485-BL can support max 16 different RS485 command. So RS485-BL can support max 16 RS485 devices pre-program in the device for uplink. For other devices no pre-program, user can use the [[downlink message (type code 0xA8) to poll their info>>path:#downlink_A8]].
... ... @@ -1257,7 +1257,7 @@
1257 1257  
1258 1258  
1259 1259  
1260 -1.
1192 +1.
1261 1261  11. Why I can’t join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands?
1262 1262  
1263 1263  It might about the channels mapping. Please see for detail.
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