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... ... @@ -7,15 +7,12 @@
7 7  **RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
8 8  
9 9  
10 -
11 11  **Table of Contents:**
12 12  
13 -{{toc/}}
14 14  
15 15  
16 16  
17 17  
18 -
19 19  = 1.Introduction =
20 20  
21 21  == 1.1 What is RS485-BL RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
... ... @@ -25,19 +25,19 @@
25 25  )))
26 26  
27 27  (((
28 -The Dragino RS485-BL is a (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 / UART to LoRaWAN Converter**(%%) for Internet of Things solutions. User can connect RS485 or UART sensor to RS485-BL converter, and configure RS485-BL to periodically read sensor data and upload via LoRaWAN network to IoT server.
25 +The Dragino RS485-BL is a **RS485 / UART to LoRaWAN Converter** for Internet of Things solutions. User can connect RS485 or UART sensor to RS485-BL converter, and configure RS485-BL to periodically read sensor data and upload via LoRaWAN network to IoT server.
29 29  )))
30 30  
31 31  (((
32 -RS485-BL can interface to RS485 sensor, 3.3v/5v UART sensor or interrupt sensor. RS485-BL provides (% style="color:blue" %)**a 3.3v output**(%%) and** (% style="color:blue" %)a 5v output(%%)** to power external sensors. Both output voltages are controllable to minimize the total system power consumption.
29 +RS485-BL can interface to RS485 sensor, 3.3v/5v UART sensor or interrupt sensor. RS485-BL provides **a 3.3v output** and** a 5v output** to power external sensors. Both output voltages are controllable to minimize the total system power consumption.
33 33  )))
34 34  
35 35  (((
36 -RS485-BL is IP67 (% style="color:blue" %)**waterproof**(%%) and powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), it is designed for long term use for several years.
33 +RS485-BL is IP67 **waterproof** and powered by **8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**, it is designed for long term use for several years.
37 37  )))
38 38  
39 39  (((
40 -RS485-BL runs standard (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN 1.0.3 in Class A**(%%). It can reach long transfer range and easy to integrate with LoRaWAN compatible gateway and IoT server.
37 +RS485-BL runs standard **LoRaWAN 1.0.3 in Class A**. It can reach long transfer range and easy to integrate with LoRaWAN compatible gateway and IoT server.
41 41  )))
42 42  
43 43  (((
... ... @@ -54,11 +54,8 @@
54 54  
55 55  [[image:1652953304999-717.png||height="424" width="733"]]
56 56  
57 -
58 -
59 59  == 1.2 Specifications ==
60 60  
61 -
62 62  **Hardware System:**
63 63  
64 64  * STM32L072CZT6 MCU
... ... @@ -65,6 +65,8 @@
65 65  * SX1276/78 Wireless Chip 
66 66  * Power Consumption (exclude RS485 device):
67 67  ** Idle: 6uA@3.3v
62 +
63 +*
68 68  ** 20dB Transmit: 130mA@3.3v
69 69  
70 70  **Interface for Model:**
... ... @@ -118,12 +118,9 @@
118 118  
119 119  [[RS485-BL Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/RS485-BL/Firmware/||style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"]]
120 120  
121 -
122 122  == 1.6 Hardware Change log ==
123 123  
124 124  (((
125 -
126 -
127 127  v1.4
128 128  )))
129 129  
... ... @@ -147,8 +147,6 @@
147 147  
148 148  (((
149 149  Release version ​​​​​
150 -
151 -
152 152  )))
153 153  
154 154  = 2. Pin mapping and Power ON Device =
... ... @@ -162,7 +162,6 @@
162 162  
163 163  The Left TXD and RXD are TTL interface for external sensor. TTL level is controlled by 3.3/5v Jumper.
164 164  
165 -
166 166  = 3. Operation Mode =
167 167  
168 168  == 3.1 How it works? ==
... ... @@ -169,8 +169,6 @@
169 169  
170 170  (((
171 171  The RS485-BL is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-BL. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
172 -
173 -
174 174  )))
175 175  
176 176  == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ==
... ... @@ -206,6 +206,8 @@
206 206  )))
207 207  
208 208  
197 +
198 +
209 209  [[image:image-20220519174512-1.png]]
210 210  
211 211  [[image:image-20220519174512-2.png||height="328" width="731"]]
... ... @@ -229,13 +229,10 @@
229 229  
230 230  [[image:1652953568895-172.png||height="232" width="724"]]
231 231  
232 -
233 233  == 3.3 Configure Commands to read data ==
234 234  
235 235  (((
236 -There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>||anchor="H3.5ConfigureRS485-BLviaATorDownlink"]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
237 -
238 -
225 +There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>path:#AT_COMMAND]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
239 239  )))
240 240  
241 241  === 3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication ===
... ... @@ -316,8 +316,6 @@
316 316  )))
317 317  )))
318 318  
319 -
320 -
321 321  === 3.3.2 Configure sensors ===
322 322  
323 323  (((
... ... @@ -338,9 +338,8 @@
338 338  mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
339 339  )))|(% style="width:256px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
340 340  
341 -Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>||anchor="HRS485DebugCommand28AT2BCFGDEV29"]].
326 +Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>path:#AT_CFGDEV]].
342 342  
343 -
344 344  === 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
345 345  
346 346  (((
... ... @@ -438,7 +438,7 @@
438 438  
439 439  **Examples:**
440 440  
441 -1）For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
425 +1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
442 442  
443 443  If we set AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34.      (max 5 bytes for prefix)
444 444  
... ... @@ -446,7 +446,7 @@
446 446  
447 447  [[image:1653271044481-711.png]]
448 448  
449 -2）For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
433 +1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
450 450  
451 451  If we set AT+SEARCH1=2, 1E 56 34+31 00 49
452 452  
... ... @@ -465,14 +465,12 @@
465 465  * **c: define the position for valid value.  **
466 466  )))
467 467  
452 +Examples:
468 468  
469 -**Examples:**
470 -
471 471  * Grab bytes:
472 472  
473 473  [[image:1653271581490-837.png||height="313" width="722"]]
474 474  
475 -
476 476  * Grab a section.
477 477  
478 478  [[image:1653271648378-342.png||height="326" width="720"]]
... ... @@ -519,82 +519,64 @@
519 519  
520 520  [[image:1653271763403-806.png]]
521 521  
522 -=== 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload ===
523 523  
524 -(((
505 +
506 +
507 +1.
508 +11.
509 +111. Compose the uplink payload
510 +
525 525  Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.**
526 -)))
527 527  
528 -(((
529 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
530 -)))
531 531  
532 -(((
533 -Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**A SIGNLE UPLINK**.
534 -)))
514 +**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
535 535  
536 -(((
516 +Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **A SIGNLE UPLINK**.
517 +
537 537  Final Payload is
538 -)))
539 539  
540 -(((
541 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx
542 -)))
520 +Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx
543 543  
544 -(((
545 545  Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot.
546 -)))
547 547  
548 -[[image:1653272787040-634.png||height="515" width="719"]]
524 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.png]]
549 549  
550 -(((
551 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
552 -)))
553 553  
554 -(((
555 -Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**.
556 -)))
557 557  
558 -(((
528 +**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
529 +
530 +Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **Multiply UPLINKs**.
531 +
559 559  Final Payload is
560 -)))
561 561  
562 -(((
563 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA
564 -)))
534 +Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA
565 565  
566 -1. (((
567 -Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage
568 -)))
569 -1. (((
570 -PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER
571 -)))
572 -1. (((
573 -PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
574 -)))
575 -1. (((
576 -PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
577 -)))
578 -1. (((
579 -DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes
580 -)))
536 +1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage
537 +1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER
538 +1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
539 +1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
540 +1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, [[Notice*!>>path:#max_byte]]) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes
581 581  
582 -[[image:1653272817147-600.png||height="437" width="717"]]
542 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.png]]
583 583  
544 +
584 584  So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink includes 6 bytes DATA
585 585  
586 -DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 0a 33 90 41
547 +DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = 20 20 0a 33 90 41
587 587  
588 -DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)02 aa 05 81 0a 20
549 +DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= 02 aa 05 81 0a 20
589 589  
590 -DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 =(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 20 2d 30
551 +DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 = 20 20 20 2d 30
591 591  
553 +
554 +
592 592  Below are the uplink payloads:
593 593  
594 -[[image:1653272901032-107.png]]
557 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.png]]
595 595  
596 -(% style="color:red" %)Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
597 597  
560 +Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
561 +
598 598   ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)
599 599  
600 600   * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).
... ... @@ -603,121 +603,90 @@
603 603  
604 604   ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink  ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).
605 605  
606 -=== 3.3.5 Uplink on demand ===
607 607  
608 -(((
571 +
572 +1.
573 +11.
574 +111. Uplink on demand
575 +
609 609  Except uplink periodically, RS485-BL is able to uplink on demand. The server sends downlink command to RS485-BL and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.
610 -)))
611 611  
612 -(((
613 613  Downlink control command:
614 -)))
615 615  
616 -(((
617 -**0x08 command**: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.
618 -)))
580 +[[0x08 command>>path:#downlink_08]]: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.
619 619  
620 -(((
621 -**0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.
622 -)))
582 +[[0xA8 command>>path:#downlink_A8]]: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.
623 623  
624 -=== 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt ===
625 625  
626 -Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.
627 627  
628 -[[image:1653273818896-432.png]]
586 +1.
587 +11.
588 +111. Uplink on Interrupt
629 629  
630 -(((
590 +Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]
591 +
631 631  AT+INTMOD=0  Disable Interrupt
632 -)))
633 633  
634 -(((
635 635  AT+INTMOD=1  Interrupt trigger by rising or falling edge.
636 -)))
637 637  
638 -(((
639 639  AT+INTMOD=2  Interrupt trigger by falling edge. ( Default Value)
640 -)))
641 641  
642 -(((
643 643  AT+INTMOD=3  Interrupt trigger by rising edge.
644 -)))
645 645  
646 -== 3.4 Uplink Payload ==
647 647  
648 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:850px" %)
649 -|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:130px" %)**2**|(% style="width:93px" %)**1**|(% style="width:509px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands**
650 -|Value|(% style="width:130px" %)(((
651 -(((
601 +1.
602 +11. Uplink Payload
603 +
604 +|**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands**
605 +|Value|(((
652 652  Battery(mV)
653 -)))
654 654  
655 -(((
656 656  &
657 -)))
658 658  
659 -(((
660 660  Interrupt _Flag
661 -)))
662 -)))|(% style="width:93px" %)(((
611 +)))|(((
663 663  PAYLOAD_VER
664 664  
665 665  
666 -)))|(% style="width:509px" %)If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
615 +)))|If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
667 667  
668 668  Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.
669 669  
670 -(((
619 +
671 671  function Decoder(bytes, port) {
672 -)))
673 673  
674 -(((
675 675  ~/~/Payload Formats of RS485-BL Deceive
676 -)))
677 677  
678 -(((
679 679  return {
680 -)))
681 681  
682 -(((
683 683   ~/~/Battery,units:V
684 -)))
685 685  
686 -(((
687 687   BatV:((bytes[0]<<8 | bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000,
688 -)))
689 689  
690 -(((
691 691   ~/~/GPIO_EXTI 
692 -)))
693 693  
694 -(((
695 695   EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE",
696 -)))
697 697  
698 -(((
699 699   ~/~/payload of version
700 -)))
701 701  
702 -(((
703 703   Pay_ver:bytes[2],
704 -)))
705 705  
706 -(((
707 707   };
708 -)))
709 709  
710 -(((
711 711   }
712 -)))
713 713  
714 -(((
642 +
643 +
644 +
645 +
646 +
647 +
715 715  TTN V3 uplink screen shot.
716 -)))
717 717  
718 -[[image:1653274001211-372.png||height="192" width="732"]]
650 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]]
719 719  
720 -== 3.5 Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink ==
652 +1.
653 +11. Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink
721 721  
722 722  User can configure RS485-BL via [[AT Commands >>path:#_​Using_the_AT]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
723 723  
... ... @@ -727,15 +727,15 @@
727 727  
728 728  * **Sensor Related Commands**: These commands are special designed for RS485-BL.  User can see these commands below:
729 729  
730 -1.
731 -11.
663 +1.
664 +11.
732 732  111. Common Commands:
733 733  
734 734  They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands]]
735 735  
736 736  
737 -1.
738 -11.
670 +1.
671 +11.
739 739  111. Sensor related commands:
740 740  
741 741  ==== Choose Device Type (RS485 or TTL) ====
... ... @@ -1041,13 +1041,13 @@
1041 1041  
1042 1042  
1043 1043  
1044 -1.
977 +1.
1045 1045  11. Buttons
1046 1046  
1047 1047  |**Button**|**Feature**
1048 1048  |**RST**|Reboot RS485-BL
1049 1049  
1050 -1.
983 +1.
1051 1051  11. +3V3 Output
1052 1052  
1053 1053  RS485-BL has a Controllable +3V3 output, user can use this output to power external sensor.
... ... @@ -1065,7 +1065,7 @@
1065 1065  By default, the AT+3V3T=0. This is a special case, means the +3V3 output is always on at any time
1066 1066  
1067 1067  
1068 -1.
1001 +1.
1069 1069  11. +5V Output
1070 1070  
1071 1071  RS485-BL has a Controllable +5V output, user can use this output to power external sensor.
... ... @@ -1085,13 +1085,13 @@
1085 1085  
1086 1086  
1087 1087  
1088 -1.
1021 +1.
1089 1089  11. LEDs
1090 1090  
1091 1091  |**LEDs**|**Feature**
1092 1092  |**LED1**|Blink when device transmit a packet.
1093 1093  
1094 -1.
1027 +1.
1095 1095  11. Switch Jumper
1096 1096  
1097 1097  |**Switch Jumper**|**Feature**
... ... @@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@
1137 1137  
1138 1138  
1139 1139  
1140 -1.
1073 +1.
1141 1141  11. Common AT Command Sequence
1142 1142  111. Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308)
1143 1143  
... ... @@ -1156,8 +1156,8 @@
1156 1156  
1157 1157  ATZ
1158 1158  
1159 -1.
1160 -11.
1092 +1.
1093 +11.
1161 1161  111. Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02)
1162 1162  
1163 1163  AT+FDR   Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve
... ... @@ -1232,7 +1232,7 @@
1232 1232  [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image035.png]] [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.png]]
1233 1233  
1234 1234  
1235 -1.
1168 +1.
1236 1236  11. How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region?
1237 1237  
1238 1238  User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>path:#upgrade_image]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.
... ... @@ -1239,7 +1239,7 @@
1239 1239  
1240 1240  
1241 1241  
1242 -1.
1175 +1.
1243 1243  11. How many RS485-Slave can RS485-BL connects?
1244 1244  
1245 1245  The RS485-BL can support max 32 RS485 devices. Each uplink command of RS485-BL can support max 16 different RS485 command. So RS485-BL can support max 16 RS485 devices pre-program in the device for uplink. For other devices no pre-program, user can use the [[downlink message (type code 0xA8) to poll their info>>path:#downlink_A8]].
... ... @@ -1256,7 +1256,7 @@
1256 1256  
1257 1257  
1258 1258  
1259 -1.
1192 +1.
1260 1260  11. Why I can’t join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands?
1261 1261  
1262 1262  It might about the channels mapping. Please see for detail.
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