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7 7  **RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
8 8  
9 9  
10 -
11 11  **Table of Contents:**
12 12  
13 -{{toc/}}
14 14  
15 15  
16 16  
17 17  
18 -
19 19  = 1.Introduction =
20 20  
21 21  == 1.1 What is RS485-BL RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
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93 93  * 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.
94 94  * Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC. ​​​
95 95  
96 -
97 -
98 98  == 1.3 Features ==
99 99  
100 100  * LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class A)
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106 106  * Support Modbus protocol
107 107  * Support Interrupt uplink
108 108  
109 -
110 -
111 111  == 1.4 Applications ==
112 112  
113 113  * Smart Buildings & Home Automation
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117 117  * Smart Cities
118 118  * Smart Factory
119 119  
120 -
121 -
122 122  == 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
123 123  
124 124  [[RS485-BL Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/RS485-BL/Firmware/||style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"]]
125 125  
126 -
127 127  == 1.6 Hardware Change log ==
128 128  
129 129  (((
... ... @@ -150,8 +150,6 @@
150 150  
151 151  (((
152 152  Release version ​​​​​
153 -
154 -
155 155  )))
156 156  
157 157  = 2. Pin mapping and Power ON Device =
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165 165  
166 166  The Left TXD and RXD are TTL interface for external sensor. TTL level is controlled by 3.3/5v Jumper.
167 167  
168 -
169 169  = 3. Operation Mode =
170 170  
171 171  == 3.1 How it works? ==
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172 172  
173 173  (((
174 174  The RS485-BL is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-BL. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
175 -
176 -
177 177  )))
178 178  
179 179  == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ==
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237 237  == 3.3 Configure Commands to read data ==
238 238  
239 239  (((
240 -There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>||anchor="H3.5ConfigureRS485-BLviaATorDownlink"]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
241 -
242 -
225 +There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>path:#AT_COMMAND]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
243 243  )))
244 244  
245 245  === 3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication ===
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518 518  
519 519  [[image:1653271763403-806.png]]
520 520  
521 -=== 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload ===
522 522  
523 -(((
505 +
506 +
507 +1.
508 +11.
509 +111. Compose the uplink payload
510 +
524 524  Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.**
525 -)))
526 526  
527 -(((
528 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
529 -)))
530 530  
531 -(((
532 -Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**A SIGNLE UPLINK**.
533 -)))
514 +**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
534 534  
535 -(((
516 +Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **A SIGNLE UPLINK**.
517 +
536 536  Final Payload is
537 -)))
538 538  
539 -(((
540 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx
541 -)))
520 +Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx
542 542  
543 -(((
544 544  Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot.
545 -)))
546 546  
547 -[[image:1653272787040-634.png||height="515" width="719"]]
524 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.png]]
548 548  
549 -(((
550 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
551 -)))
552 552  
553 -(((
554 -Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**.
555 -)))
556 556  
557 -(((
528 +**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
529 +
530 +Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **Multiply UPLINKs**.
531 +
558 558  Final Payload is
559 -)))
560 560  
561 -(((
562 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA
563 -)))
534 +Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA
564 564  
565 -1. (((
566 -Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage
567 -)))
568 -1. (((
569 -PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER
570 -)))
571 -1. (((
572 -PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
573 -)))
574 -1. (((
575 -PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
576 -)))
577 -1. (((
578 -DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes
579 -)))
536 +1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage
537 +1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER
538 +1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
539 +1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
540 +1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, [[Notice*!>>path:#max_byte]]) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes
580 580  
581 -[[image:1653272817147-600.png||height="437" width="717"]]
542 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.png]]
582 582  
544 +
583 583  So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink includes 6 bytes DATA
584 584  
585 -DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 0a 33 90 41
547 +DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = 20 20 0a 33 90 41
586 586  
587 -DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)02 aa 05 81 0a 20
549 +DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= 02 aa 05 81 0a 20
588 588  
589 -DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 =(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 20 2d 30
551 +DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 = 20 20 20 2d 30
590 590  
553 +
554 +
591 591  Below are the uplink payloads:
592 592  
593 -[[image:1653272901032-107.png]]
557 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.png]]
594 594  
595 -(% style="color:red" %)Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
596 596  
560 +Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
561 +
597 597   ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)
598 598  
599 599   * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).
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602 602  
603 603   ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink  ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).
604 604  
605 -=== 3.3.5 Uplink on demand ===
606 606  
607 -(((
571 +
572 +1.
573 +11.
574 +111. Uplink on demand
575 +
608 608  Except uplink periodically, RS485-BL is able to uplink on demand. The server sends downlink command to RS485-BL and RS485 will uplink data base on the command.
609 -)))
610 610  
611 -(((
612 612  Downlink control command:
613 -)))
614 614  
615 -(((
616 -**0x08 command**: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.
617 -)))
580 +[[0x08 command>>path:#downlink_08]]: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL.
618 618  
619 -(((
620 -**0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.
621 -)))
582 +[[0xA8 command>>path:#downlink_A8]]: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.
622 622  
623 -=== 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt ===
624 624  
625 -Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.
626 626  
627 -[[image:1653273818896-432.png]]
586 +1.
587 +11.
588 +111. Uplink on Interrupt
628 628  
629 -(((
590 +Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]
591 +
630 630  AT+INTMOD=0  Disable Interrupt
631 -)))
632 632  
633 -(((
634 634  AT+INTMOD=1  Interrupt trigger by rising or falling edge.
635 -)))
636 636  
637 -(((
638 638  AT+INTMOD=2  Interrupt trigger by falling edge. ( Default Value)
639 -)))
640 640  
641 -(((
642 642  AT+INTMOD=3  Interrupt trigger by rising edge.
643 -)))
644 644  
645 -== 3.4 Uplink Payload ==
646 646  
647 -(% border="1" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:850px" %)
648 -|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:130px" %)**2**|(% style="width:93px" %)**1**|(% style="width:509px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands**
649 -|Value|(% style="width:130px" %)(((
650 -(((
601 +1.
602 +11. Uplink Payload
603 +
604 +|**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands**
605 +|Value|(((
651 651  Battery(mV)
652 -)))
653 653  
654 -(((
655 655  &
656 -)))
657 657  
658 -(((
659 659  Interrupt _Flag
660 -)))
661 -)))|(% style="width:93px" %)(((
611 +)))|(((
662 662  PAYLOAD_VER
663 663  
664 664  
665 -)))|(% style="width:509px" %)If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
615 +)))|If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
666 666  
667 667  Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.
668 668  
669 -(((
619 +
670 670  function Decoder(bytes, port) {
671 -)))
672 672  
673 -(((
674 674  ~/~/Payload Formats of RS485-BL Deceive
675 -)))
676 676  
677 -(((
678 678  return {
679 -)))
680 680  
681 -(((
682 682   ~/~/Battery,units:V
683 -)))
684 684  
685 -(((
686 686   BatV:((bytes[0]<<8 | bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000,
687 -)))
688 688  
689 -(((
690 690   ~/~/GPIO_EXTI 
691 -)))
692 692  
693 -(((
694 694   EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE",
695 -)))
696 696  
697 -(((
698 698   ~/~/payload of version
699 -)))
700 700  
701 -(((
702 702   Pay_ver:bytes[2],
703 -)))
704 704  
705 -(((
706 706   };
707 -)))
708 708  
709 -(((
710 710   }
711 -)))
712 712  
713 -(((
642 +
643 +
644 +
645 +
646 +
647 +
714 714  TTN V3 uplink screen shot.
715 -)))
716 716  
717 -[[image:1653274001211-372.png||height="192" width="732"]]
650 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]]
718 718  
719 -== 3.5 Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink ==
652 +1.
653 +11. Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink
720 720  
721 721  User can configure RS485-BL via [[AT Commands >>path:#_​Using_the_AT]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
722 722  
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