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7 7  **RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual**
8 8  
9 9  
10 +
10 10  **Table of Contents:**
11 11  
13 +{{toc/}}
12 12  
13 13  
14 14  
15 15  
18 +
16 16  = 1.Introduction =
17 17  
18 18  == 1.1 What is RS485-BL RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ==
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22 22  )))
23 23  
24 24  (((
25 -The Dragino RS485-BL is a **RS485 / UART to LoRaWAN Converter** for Internet of Things solutions. User can connect RS485 or UART sensor to RS485-BL converter, and configure RS485-BL to periodically read sensor data and upload via LoRaWAN network to IoT server.
28 +The Dragino RS485-BL is a (% style="color:blue" %)**RS485 / UART to LoRaWAN Converter**(%%) for Internet of Things solutions. User can connect RS485 or UART sensor to RS485-BL converter, and configure RS485-BL to periodically read sensor data and upload via LoRaWAN network to IoT server.
26 26  )))
27 27  
28 28  (((
29 -RS485-BL can interface to RS485 sensor, 3.3v/5v UART sensor or interrupt sensor. RS485-BL provides **a 3.3v output** and** a 5v output** to power external sensors. Both output voltages are controllable to minimize the total system power consumption.
32 +RS485-BL can interface to RS485 sensor, 3.3v/5v UART sensor or interrupt sensor. RS485-BL provides (% style="color:blue" %)**a 3.3v output**(%%) and** (% style="color:blue" %)a 5v output(%%)** to power external sensors. Both output voltages are controllable to minimize the total system power consumption.
30 30  )))
31 31  
32 32  (((
33 -RS485-BL is IP67 **waterproof** and powered by **8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**, it is designed for long term use for several years.
36 +RS485-BL is IP67 (% style="color:blue" %)**waterproof**(%%) and powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), it is designed for long term use for several years.
34 34  )))
35 35  
36 36  (((
37 -RS485-BL runs standard **LoRaWAN 1.0.3 in Class A**. It can reach long transfer range and easy to integrate with LoRaWAN compatible gateway and IoT server.
40 +RS485-BL runs standard (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN 1.0.3 in Class A**(%%). It can reach long transfer range and easy to integrate with LoRaWAN compatible gateway and IoT server.
38 38  )))
39 39  
40 40  (((
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51 51  
52 52  [[image:1652953304999-717.png||height="424" width="733"]]
53 53  
57 +
58 +
54 54  == 1.2 Specifications ==
55 55  
61 +
56 56  **Hardware System:**
57 57  
58 58  * STM32L072CZT6 MCU
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59 59  * SX1276/78 Wireless Chip 
60 60  * Power Consumption (exclude RS485 device):
61 61  ** Idle: 6uA@3.3v
62 -
63 -*
64 64  ** 20dB Transmit: 130mA@3.3v
65 65  
66 66  **Interface for Model:**
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114 114  
115 115  [[RS485-BL Image files – Download link and Change log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/RS485-BL/Firmware/||style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"]]
116 116  
121 +
117 117  == 1.6 Hardware Change log ==
118 118  
119 119  (((
125 +
126 +
120 120  v1.4
121 121  )))
122 122  
... ... @@ -140,6 +140,8 @@
140 140  
141 141  (((
142 142  Release version ​​​​​
150 +
151 +
143 143  )))
144 144  
145 145  = 2. Pin mapping and Power ON Device =
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153 153  
154 154  The Left TXD and RXD are TTL interface for external sensor. TTL level is controlled by 3.3/5v Jumper.
155 155  
165 +
156 156  = 3. Operation Mode =
157 157  
158 158  == 3.1 How it works? ==
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159 159  
160 160  (((
161 161  The RS485-BL is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the RS485-BL. It will auto join the network via OTAA.
172 +
173 +
162 162  )))
163 163  
164 164  == 3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ==
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194 194  )))
195 195  
196 196  
197 -
198 -
199 199  [[image:image-20220519174512-1.png]]
200 200  
201 201  [[image:image-20220519174512-2.png||height="328" width="731"]]
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219 219  
220 220  [[image:1652953568895-172.png||height="232" width="724"]]
221 221  
232 +
222 222  == 3.3 Configure Commands to read data ==
223 223  
224 224  (((
225 -There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>path:#AT_COMMAND]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
236 +There are plenty of RS485 and TTL level devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data. To support these devices in flexible, RS485-BL supports flexible command set. User can use [[AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink>>||anchor="H3.5ConfigureRS485-BLviaATorDownlink"]] Command to configure how RS485-BL should read the sensor and how to handle the return from RS485 or TTL sensors.
237 +
238 +
226 226  )))
227 227  
228 228  === 3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication ===
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323 323  mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
324 324  )))|(% style="width:256px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
325 325  
326 -Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>path:#AT_CFGDEV]].
339 +Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>||anchor="HRS485DebugCommand28AT2BCFGDEV29"]].
327 327  
341 +
328 328  === 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ===
329 329  
330 330  (((
... ... @@ -422,7 +422,7 @@
422 422  
423 423  **Examples:**
424 424  
425 -1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
439 +1）For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
426 426  
427 427  If we set AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34.      (max 5 bytes for prefix)
428 428  
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430 430  
431 431  [[image:1653271044481-711.png]]
432 432  
433 -1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
447 +2）For a return string from AT+COMMAND1:  16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49
434 434  
435 435  If we set AT+SEARCH1=2, 1E 56 34+31 00 49
436 436  
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449 449  * **c: define the position for valid value.  **
450 450  )))
451 451  
452 -Examples:
466 +**Examples:**
453 453  
454 454  * Grab bytes:
455 455  
456 456  [[image:1653271581490-837.png||height="313" width="722"]]
457 457  
472 +
458 458  * Grab a section.
459 459  
460 460  [[image:1653271648378-342.png||height="326" width="720"]]
461 461  
477 +
462 462  * Grab different sections.
463 463  
464 464  [[image:1653271657255-576.png||height="305" width="730"]]
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501 501  
502 502  [[image:1653271763403-806.png]]
503 503  
520 +
504 504  === 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload ===
505 505  
506 506  (((
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508 508  )))
509 509  
510 510  (((
511 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
528 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0**
512 512  )))
513 513  
514 514  (((
... ... @@ -520,7 +520,7 @@
520 520  )))
521 521  
522 522  (((
523 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx
540 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx**
524 524  )))
525 525  
526 526  (((
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529 529  
530 530  [[image:1653272787040-634.png||height="515" width="719"]]
531 531  
549 +
550 +
532 532  (((
533 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
552 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1**
553 +
554 +
534 534  )))
535 535  
536 536  (((
... ... @@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
542 542  )))
543 543  
544 544  (((
545 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA
566 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA**
546 546  )))
547 547  
548 548  1. (((
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565 565  
566 566  So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink includes 6 bytes DATA
567 567  
589 +
568 568  DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 0a 33 90 41
569 569  
570 570  DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)02 aa 05 81 0a 20
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571 571  
572 572  DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 =(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 20 2d 30
573 573  
596 +
574 574  Below are the uplink payloads:
575 575  
576 576  [[image:1653272901032-107.png]]
577 577  
601 +
578 578  (% style="color:red" %)Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:
579 579  
580 580   ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)
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585 585  
586 586   ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink  ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).
587 587  
612 +
613 +
588 588  === 3.3.5 Uplink on demand ===
589 589  
590 590  (((
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601 601  
602 602  (((
603 603  **0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors.
630 +
631 +
604 604  )))
605 605  
606 606  === 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt ===
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609 609  
610 610  [[image:1653273818896-432.png]]
611 611  
640 +
641 +(((
612 612  AT+INTMOD=0  Disable Interrupt
643 +)))
613 613  
645 +(((
614 614  AT+INTMOD=1  Interrupt trigger by rising or falling edge.
647 +)))
615 615  
649 +(((
616 616  AT+INTMOD=2  Interrupt trigger by falling edge. ( Default Value)
651 +)))
617 617  
653 +(((
618 618  AT+INTMOD=3  Interrupt trigger by rising edge.
619 619  
656 +
657 +)))
658 +
620 620  == 3.4 Uplink Payload ==
621 621  
622 -|**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands**
623 -|Value|(((
661 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:850px" %)
662 +|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:130px" %)**2**|(% style="width:93px" %)**1**|(% style="width:509px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands**
663 +|Value|(% style="width:130px" %)(((
664 +(((
624 624  Battery(mV)
666 +)))
625 625  
668 +(((
626 626  &
670 +)))
627 627  
672 +(((
628 628  Interrupt _Flag
629 -)))|(((
674 +)))
675 +)))|(% style="width:93px" %)(((
630 630  PAYLOAD_VER
631 631  
632 632  
633 -)))|If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
679 +)))|(% style="width:509px" %)If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.
634 634  
635 635  Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors.
636 636  
683 +(((
684 +{{{function Decoder(bytes, port) {}}}
685 +)))
637 637  
638 -function Decoder(bytes, port) {
687 +(((
688 +{{{//Payload Formats of RS485-BL Deceive}}}
689 +)))
639 639  
640 -~/~/Payload Formats of RS485-BL Deceive
691 +(((
692 +{{{return {}}}
693 +)))
641 641  
642 -return {
695 +(((
696 +{{{ //Battery,units:V}}}
697 +)))
643 643  
644 - ~/~/Battery,units:V
699 +(((
700 +{{{ BatV:((bytes[0]<<8 | bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000,}}}
701 +)))
645 645  
646 - BatV:((bytes[0]<<8 | bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000,
703 +(((
704 +{{{ //GPIO_EXTI }}}
705 +)))
647 647  
648 - ~/~/GPIO_EXTI 
707 +(((
708 +{{{ EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE",}}}
709 +)))
649 649  
650 - EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE",
711 +(((
712 +{{{ //payload of version}}}
713 +)))
651 651  
652 - ~/~/payload of version
715 +(((
716 +{{{ Pay_ver:bytes[2],}}}
717 +)))
653 653  
654 - Pay_ver:bytes[2],
719 +(((
720 +{{{ }; }}}
721 +)))
655 655  
656 - };
723 +(((
724 +}
657 657  
658 - }
726 +
727 +)))
659 659  
729 +(((
730 +TTN V3 uplink screen shot.
731 +)))
660 660  
733 +[[image:1653274001211-372.png||height="192" width="732"]]
661 661  
662 662  
736 +== 3.5 Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink ==
663 663  
738 +User can configure RS485-BL via AT Commands or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
664 664  
740 +There are two kinds of Commands:
665 665  
666 -TTN V3 uplink screen shot.
742 +* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Common Commands**(%%): They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
667 667  
668 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]]
744 +* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Sensor Related Commands**(%%): These commands are special designed for RS485-BL.  User can see these commands below:
669 669  
670 -1.
671 -11. Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink
672 672  
673 -User can configure RS485-BL via [[AT Commands >>path:#_​Using_the_AT]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands
674 674  
675 -There are two kinds of Commands:
748 +=== 3.5.1 Common Commands: ===
676 676  
677 -* **Common Commands**: They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: http:~/~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands
750 +They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
678 678  
679 -* **Sensor Related Commands**: These commands are special designed for RS485-BL.  User can see these commands below:
680 680  
681 -1.
682 -11.
683 -111. Common Commands:
753 +=== 3.5.2 Sensor related commands: ===
684 684  
685 -They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.3, user can find what common commands it supports: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands]]
686 -
687 -
688 -1.
689 -11.
690 -111. Sensor related commands:
691 -
692 692  ==== Choose Device Type (RS485 or TTL) ====
693 693  
694 694  RS485-BL can connect to either RS485 sensors or TTL sensor. User need to specify what type of sensor need to connect.
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