Changes for page RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter
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... ... @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ 7 7 **RS485-BL – Waterproof RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual** 8 8 9 9 10 + 10 10 **Table of Contents:** 11 11 12 12 ... ... @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ 13 13 14 14 15 15 17 + 16 16 = 1.Introduction = 17 17 18 18 == 1.1 What is RS485-BL RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter == ... ... @@ -303,88 +303,102 @@ 303 303 ))) 304 304 ))) 305 305 308 +=== 3.3.2 Configure sensors === 306 306 310 +((( 311 +Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC or through RS485-BL AT Commands (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**. 312 +))) 307 307 314 +((( 315 +When user issue an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**(%%) command, Each (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CFGDEV**(%%) equals to send a command to the RS485 or TTL sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won’t run during each sampling. 316 +))) 308 308 309 -1. 310 -11. 311 -111. Configure sensors 312 - 313 -Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC or through RS485-BL AT Commands AT+CFGDEV. 314 - 315 - 316 -When user issue an AT+CFGDEV command, Each AT+CFGDEV equals to send a command to the RS485 or TTL sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won’t run during each sampling. 317 - 318 -|**AT Commands**|**Description**|**Example** 319 -|AT+CFGDEV|((( 318 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:806px" %) 319 +|**AT Commands**|(% style="width:418px" %)**Description**|(% style="width:256px" %)**Example** 320 +|AT+CFGDEV|(% style="width:418px" %)((( 320 320 This command is used to configure the RS485/TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling. 321 321 322 -AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx, m323 +AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx, 323 323 324 -m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command 325 -)))|AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m 325 +mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command 326 +)))|(% style="width:256px" %)AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m 326 326 327 327 Detail of AT+CFGDEV command see [[AT+CFGDEV detail>>path:#AT_CFGDEV]]. 328 328 330 +=== 3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling === 329 329 330 - 331 - 332 - 333 -1. 334 -11. 335 -111. Configure read commands for each sampling 336 - 332 +((( 337 337 RS485-BL is a battery powered device; it will sleep most of time. And wake up on each period and read RS485 / TTL sensor data and uplink. 334 +))) 338 338 339 - 336 +((( 340 340 During each sampling, we need to confirm what commands we need to send to the sensors to read data. After the RS485/TTL sensors send back the value, it normally includes some bytes and we only need a few from them for a shorten payload. 338 +))) 341 341 342 - 340 +((( 343 343 To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their valid value into a short payload. 342 +))) 344 344 345 - 344 +((( 346 346 This section describes how to achieve above goals. 346 +))) 347 347 348 - 348 +((( 349 349 During each sampling, the RS485-BL can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one or several uplink payloads. 350 +))) 350 350 351 - 352 +((( 352 352 **Command from RS485-BL to Sensor:** 354 +))) 353 353 356 +((( 354 354 RS485-BL can send out pre-set max 15 strings via **AT+COMMAD1**, **ATCOMMAND2**,…, to **AT+COMMANDF** . All commands are of same grammar. 358 +))) 355 355 356 - 360 +((( 357 357 **Handle return from sensors to RS485-BL**: 362 +))) 358 358 364 +((( 359 359 After RS485-BL send out a string to sensor, RS485-BL will wait for the return from RS485 or TTL sensor. And user can specify how to handle the return, by **AT+DATACUT or AT+SEARCH commands** 366 +))) 360 360 368 +* ((( 369 +**AT+DATACUT** 370 +))) 361 361 362 -* **AT+DATACUT** 363 - 372 +((( 364 364 When the return value from sensor have fix length and we know which position the valid value we should get, we can use AT+DATACUT command. 374 +))) 365 365 376 +* ((( 377 +**AT+SEARCH** 378 +))) 366 366 367 -* **AT+SEARCH** 368 - 380 +((( 369 369 When the return value from sensor is dynamic length and we are not sure which bytes the valid data is, instead, we know what value the valid value following. We can use AT+SEARCH to search the valid value in the return string. 382 +))) 370 370 371 - 384 +((( 372 372 **Define wait timeout:** 386 +))) 373 373 388 +((( 374 374 Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting reply after the RS485 command is sent. For example, AT+CMDDL1=1000 to send the open time to 1000ms 390 +))) 375 375 376 - 392 +((( 377 377 After we got the valid value from each RS485 commands, we need to combine them together with the command **AT+DATAUP**. 394 +))) 378 378 379 - 380 380 **Examples:** 381 381 382 382 Below are examples for the how above AT Commands works. 383 383 384 - 385 385 **AT+COMMANDx : **This command will be sent to RS485/TTL devices during each sampling, Max command length is 14 bytes. The grammar is: 386 386 387 -|((( 402 +(% border="1" class="table-bordered" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:501px" %) 403 +|(% style="width:498px" %)((( 388 388 **AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m** 389 389 390 390 **xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx: The RS485 command to be sent** ... ... @@ -396,41 +396,38 @@ 396 396 397 397 In the RS485-BL, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same. 398 398 399 - 400 400 **AT+SEARCHx**: This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx. 401 401 402 -|((( 417 +(% border="1" class="table-bordered" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:580px" %) 418 +|(% style="width:577px" %)((( 403 403 **AT+SEARCHx=aa,xx xx xx xx xx** 404 404 405 405 * **aa: 1: prefix match mode; 2: prefix and suffix match mode** 406 406 * **xx xx xx xx xx: match string. Max 5 bytes for prefix and 5 bytes for suffix** 407 - 408 - 409 409 ))) 410 410 411 -Examples: 425 +**Examples:** 412 412 413 413 1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 414 414 415 415 If we set AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34. (max 5 bytes for prefix) 416 416 417 -The valid data will be all bytes after 1E 56 34 , so it is 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 431 +The valid data will be all bytes after 1E 56 34 , so it is (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49** 418 418 419 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.png]]433 +[[image:1653271044481-711.png]] 420 420 421 - 422 422 1. For a return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 423 423 424 424 If we set AT+SEARCH1=2, 1E 56 34+31 00 49 425 425 426 -Device will search the bytes between 1E 56 34 and 31 00 49. So it is 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 439 +Device will search the bytes between 1E 56 34 and 31 00 49. So it is(% style="background-color:yellow" %) **2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30** 427 427 428 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.png]]441 +[[image:1653271276735-972.png]] 429 429 430 - 431 431 **AT+DATACUTx : **This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 45 bytes. 432 432 433 -|((( 445 +(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:729px" %) 446 +|(% style="width:726px" %)((( 434 434 **AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c** 435 435 436 436 * **a: length for the return of AT+COMMAND** ... ... @@ -442,95 +442,130 @@ 442 442 443 443 * Grab bytes: 444 444 445 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image015.png]]458 +[[image:1653271581490-837.png||height="313" width="722"]] 446 446 447 447 * Grab a section. 448 448 449 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.png]]462 +[[image:1653271648378-342.png||height="326" width="720"]] 450 450 451 451 * Grab different sections. 452 452 453 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image017.png]]466 +[[image:1653271657255-576.png||height="305" width="730"]] 454 454 468 +((( 469 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note:** 470 +))) 455 455 456 -Note: 457 - 472 +((( 458 458 AT+SEARCHx and AT+DATACUTx can be used together, if both commands are set, RS485-BL will first process AT+SEARCHx on the return string and get a temporary string, and then process AT+DATACUTx on this temporary string to get the final payload. In this case, AT+DATACUTx need to set to format AT+DATACUTx=0,xx,xx where the return bytes set to 0. 474 +))) 459 459 460 -Example: 476 +((( 477 +**Example:** 478 +))) 461 461 462 -AT+COMMAND1=11 01 1E D0,0 480 +((( 481 +(% style="color:red" %)AT+COMMAND1=11 01 1E D0,0 482 +))) 463 463 464 -AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34 484 +((( 485 +(% style="color:red" %)AT+SEARCH1=1,1E 56 34 486 +))) 465 465 466 -AT+DATACUT1=0,2,1~~5 488 +((( 489 +(% style="color:red" %)AT+DATACUT1=0,2,1~~5 490 +))) 467 467 468 -Return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 492 +((( 493 +(% style="color:red" %)Return string from AT+COMMAND1: 16 0c 1e 56 34 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 494 +))) 469 469 470 -String after SEARCH command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 496 +((( 497 +(% style="color:red" %)String after SEARCH command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 41 30 31 00 49 498 +))) 471 471 472 -Valid payload after DataCUT command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 500 +((( 501 +(% style="color:red" %)Valid payload after DataCUT command: 2e 30 58 5f 36 502 +))) 473 473 474 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.png]]504 +[[image:1653271763403-806.png]] 475 475 506 +=== 3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload === 476 476 477 - 478 - 479 -1. 480 -11. 481 -111. Compose the uplink payload 482 - 508 +((( 483 483 Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload by these RETURNs. The command is **AT+DATAUP.** 510 +))) 484 484 512 +((( 513 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0** 514 +))) 485 485 486 -**Examples: AT+DATAUP=0** 516 +((( 517 +Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**A SIGNLE UPLINK**. 518 +))) 487 487 488 -Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **A SIGNLE UPLINK**. 489 - 520 +((( 490 490 Final Payload is 522 +))) 491 491 492 -Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx 524 +((( 525 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx 526 +))) 493 493 528 +((( 494 494 Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot. 530 +))) 495 495 496 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.png]]532 +[[image:1653272787040-634.png||height="515" width="719"]] 497 497 534 +((( 535 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1** 536 +))) 498 498 538 +((( 539 +Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with (% style="color:red" %)**Multiply UPLINKs**. 540 +))) 499 499 500 -**Examples: AT+DATAUP=1** 501 - 502 -Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **Multiply UPLINKs**. 503 - 542 +((( 504 504 Final Payload is 544 +))) 505 505 506 -Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA 546 +((( 547 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA 548 +))) 507 507 508 -1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage 509 -1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER 510 -1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling. 511 -1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT) 512 -1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, [[Notice*!>>path:#max_byte]]) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes 550 +1. ((( 551 +Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage 552 +))) 553 +1. ((( 554 +PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER 555 +))) 556 +1. ((( 557 +PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling. 558 +))) 559 +1. ((( 560 +PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT) 561 +))) 562 +1. ((( 563 +DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes 564 +))) 513 513 514 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.png]]566 +[[image:1653272817147-600.png||height="437" width="717"]] 515 515 516 - 517 517 So totally there will be 3 uplinks for this sampling, each uplink includes 6 bytes DATA 518 518 519 -DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = 20 20 0a 33 90 41 570 +DATA1=RETURN1 Valid Value = (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 0a 33 90 41 520 520 521 -DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= 02 aa 05 81 0a 20 572 +DATA2=1^^st^^ ~~ 6^^th^^ byte of Valid value of RETURN10= (% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)02 aa 05 81 0a 20 522 522 523 -DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 = 20 20 20 2d 30 574 +DATA3=7^^th^^ ~~ 11^^th^^ bytes of Valid value of RETURN10 =(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %) 20 20 20 2d 30 524 524 525 - 526 - 527 527 Below are the uplink payloads: 528 528 529 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.png]]578 +[[image:1653272901032-107.png]] 530 530 580 +(% style="color:red" %)Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below: 531 531 532 -Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below: 533 - 534 534 ~* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date) 535 535 536 536 * For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date). ... ... @@ -539,90 +539,121 @@ 539 539 540 540 ~* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date). 541 541 590 +=== 3.3.5 Uplink on demand === 542 542 543 - 544 -1. 545 -11. 546 -111. Uplink on demand 547 - 592 +((( 548 548 Except uplink periodically, RS485-BL is able to uplink on demand. The server sends downlink command to RS485-BL and RS485 will uplink data base on the command. 594 +))) 549 549 596 +((( 550 550 Downlink control command: 598 +))) 551 551 552 -[[0x08 command>>path:#downlink_08]]: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL. 600 +((( 601 +**0x08 command**: Poll an uplink with current command set in RS485-BL. 602 +))) 553 553 554 -[[0xA8 command>>path:#downlink_A8]]: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors. 604 +((( 605 +**0xA8 command**: Send a command to RS485-BL and uplink the output from sensors. 606 +))) 555 555 608 +=== 3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt === 556 556 610 +Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext. 557 557 558 -1. 559 -11. 560 -111. Uplink on Interrupt 612 +[[image:1653273818896-432.png]] 561 561 562 -Put the interrupt sensor between 3.3v_out and GPIO ext.[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]] 563 - 614 +((( 564 564 AT+INTMOD=0 Disable Interrupt 616 +))) 565 565 618 +((( 566 566 AT+INTMOD=1 Interrupt trigger by rising or falling edge. 620 +))) 567 567 622 +((( 568 568 AT+INTMOD=2 Interrupt trigger by falling edge. ( Default Value) 624 +))) 569 569 626 +((( 570 570 AT+INTMOD=3 Interrupt trigger by rising edge. 628 +))) 571 571 630 +== 3.4 Uplink Payload == 572 572 573 -1. 574 -11. Uplink Payload 575 - 576 -|**Size(bytes)**|**2**|**1**|**Length depends on the return from the commands** 577 -|Value|((( 632 +(% border="1" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:850px" %) 633 +|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:130px" %)**2**|(% style="width:93px" %)**1**|(% style="width:509px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands** 634 +|Value|(% style="width:130px" %)((( 635 +((( 578 578 Battery(mV) 637 +))) 579 579 639 +((( 580 580 & 641 +))) 581 581 643 +((( 582 582 Interrupt _Flag 583 -)))|((( 645 +))) 646 +)))|(% style="width:93px" %)((( 584 584 PAYLOAD_VER 585 585 586 586 587 -)))|If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server. 650 +)))|(% style="width:509px" %)If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support payload length in server, server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server. 588 588 589 589 Below is the decoder for the first 3 bytes. The rest bytes are dynamic depends on different RS485 sensors. 590 590 591 - 654 +((( 592 592 function Decoder(bytes, port) { 656 +))) 593 593 658 +((( 594 594 ~/~/Payload Formats of RS485-BL Deceive 660 +))) 595 595 662 +((( 596 596 return { 664 +))) 597 597 666 +((( 598 598 ~/~/Battery,units:V 668 +))) 599 599 670 +((( 600 600 BatV:((bytes[0]<<8 | bytes[1])&0x7fff)/1000, 672 +))) 601 601 674 +((( 602 602 ~/~/GPIO_EXTI 676 +))) 603 603 678 +((( 604 604 EXTI_Trigger:(bytes[0] & 0x80)? "TRUE":"FALSE", 680 +))) 605 605 682 +((( 606 606 ~/~/payload of version 684 +))) 607 607 686 +((( 608 608 Pay_ver:bytes[2], 688 +))) 609 609 690 +((( 610 610 }; 692 +))) 611 611 694 +((( 612 612 } 696 +))) 613 613 614 - 615 - 616 - 617 - 618 - 619 - 698 +((( 620 620 TTN V3 uplink screen shot. 700 +))) 621 621 622 -[[image: file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]]702 +[[image:1653274001211-372.png||height="192" width="732"]] 623 623 624 -1. 625 -11. Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink 704 +== 3.5 Configure RS485-BL via AT or Downlink == 626 626 627 627 User can configure RS485-BL via [[AT Commands >>path:#_Using_the_AT]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands 628 628
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