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Version 166.1 by Karry Zhuang on 2024/07/29 10:04
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8 **Table of Contents:**
9
10 {{toc/}}
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18
19
20 = 1. Introduction =
21
22 == 1.1 Overview ==
23
24
25 (((
26 Dragino LoRaWAN water quality sensor series products are designed to measure water quality and provide information for water quality conditions. They consist of a (% style="color:blue" %)**main process device (WQS-LB) and various sensors**.
27 )))
28
29 (((
30 The sensors include various type such as: (% style="color:blue" %)**pH sensor, ORP sensor, EC sensor, dissolved oxygen sensor, turbidity sensor.**(%%)
31 )))
32
33 (((
34 Main process device WQS-LB is an outdoor LoRaWAN RS485 end node.It is powered by a built-in lithium-ion battery. WQS-LB reads value from various sensors and upload these sensor data to IoT server via LoRaWAN wireless protocol.
35 )))
36
37 (((
38 WQS-LB is full compatible with(% style="color:blue" %)** LoRaWAN Class C protocol**(%%), it can work with standard LoRaWAN gateway.
39 )))
40
41 == 1.2 Specifications ==
42
43
44 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**
45
46 * Supply Voltage: Built-in Battery , 2.5v ~~ 3.6v
47 * Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C
48
49 (% style="color:#037691" %)**I/O Interface:**
50
51 * Battery controllable output (2.6v ~~ 3.6v depends on battery)
52 * +12v controllable output
53 * 1 x RS485 Interface
54 * 1 x UART Interface , 3.3v or 5v or 12v
55 * 1 x Interrupt or Digital IN pins
56 * 1 x I2C Interface
57 * 1 x one wire interface
58
59 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
60
61 * Frequency Range,  Band 1 (HF): 862 ~~ 1020 Mhz
62 * Max +22 dBm constant RF output vs.
63 * RX sensitivity: down to -139 dBm.
64 * Excellent blocking immunity
65
66 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Battery:**
67
68 * Li/SOCI2 un-chargeable battery
69 * Capacity: 8500mAh
70 * Self-Discharge: <1% / Year @ 25°C
71 * Max continuously current: 130mA
72 * Max boost current: 2A, 1 second
73
74 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Power Consumption**
75
76 * Sleep Mode: 5uA @ 3.3v
77 * LoRa Transmit Mode: 125mA @ 20dBm, 82mA @ 14dBm
78
79 == 1.3 Features ==
80
81
82 * LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
83 * Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865/RU864/MA869
84 * Ultra-low power consumption
85 * Support multiply RS485 devices by flexible rules
86 * Support Modbus protocol
87 * Support Interrupt uplink
88 * Supports connecting a UART sensors with 3.3V or 5V or 12v
89 * Support Bluetooth v5.1 and LoRaWAN remote configure
90 * Support wireless OTA update firmware
91 * AT Commands to change parameters
92 * Uplink on periodically
93 * Downlink to change configure
94 * 8500mAh Li/SOCl2 Battery (RS485-LB)
95
96 == 1.4 Applications ==
97
98
99 * Smart Buildings & Home Automation
100 * Logistics and Supply Chain Management
101 * Smart Metering
102 * Smart Agriculture
103 * Smart Cities
104 * Smart Factory
105
106 == 1.5 Sleep mode and working mode ==
107
108
109 (% style="color:blue" %)**Deep Sleep Mode: **(%%)Sensor doesn't have any LoRaWAN activate. This mode is used for storage and shipping to save battery life.
110
111 (% style="color:blue" %)**Working Mode:** (%%)In this mode, Sensor will work as LoRaWAN Sensor to Join LoRaWAN network and send out sensor data to server. Between each sampling/tx/rx periodically, sensor will be in IDLE mode), in IDLE mode, sensor has the same power consumption as Deep Sleep mode.
112
113
114 == 1.6 Button & LEDs ==
115
116 [[image:image-20240726162917-1.png||height="480" width="304"]]
117
118
119 (% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
120 |=(% style="width: 167px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Behavior on **ACT|=(% style="width: 117px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Function|=(% style="width: 225px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Action
121 |(% style="width:167px" %)Pressing ACT between 1s < time < 3s|(% style="width:117px" %)Send an uplink|(% style="width:225px" %)(((
122
123
124 If sensor is already Joined to LoRaWAN network, sensor will send an uplink packet, blue led will blink once.
125 Meanwhile, BLE module will be active and user can connect via BLE to configure device.
126 )))
127 |(% style="width:167px" %)Pressing ACT for more than 3s|(% style="width:117px" %)Active Device|(% style="width:225px" %)(((
128
129
130 Green led will fast blink 5 times, device will enter OTA mode for 3 seconds. And then start to JOIN LoRaWAN network.
131 Green led will solidly turn on for 5 seconds after joined in network.
132 Once sensor is active, BLE module will be active and user can connect via BLE to configure device, no matter if device join or not join LoRaWAN network.
133 )))
134 |(% style="width:167px" %)Fast press ACT 5 times.|(% style="width:117px" %)Deactivate Device|(% style="width:225px" %)Red led will solid on for 5 seconds. Means device is in Deep Sleep Mode.
135
136 == 1.7 BLE connection ==
137
138
139 RS485-LB/LS supports BLE remote configure.
140
141
142 BLE can be used to configure the parameter of sensor or see the console output from sensor. BLE will be only activate on below case:
143
144 * Press button to send an uplink
145 * Press button to active device.
146 * Device Power on or reset.
147
148 If there is no activity connection on BLE in 60 seconds, sensor will shut down BLE module to enter low power mode.
149
150
151 == 1.8 Pin Definitions ==
152
153
154 [[image:image-20240715164447-1.png]]
155
156
157
158 === 1.8.1 SW2 Jumper (Define UART level to external Sensor) ===
159
160 SW2 defines the voltage level of BOARD_RX and BOARD_TX pins. It should match the external sensor voltage level
161
162
163
164 == 1.9 Mechanical ==
165
166 (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H" %)
167 [[image:image-20240726163016-2.png||height="506" width="829"]]
168
169 = 2. How to use =
170
171 == 2.1 Example to use for LoRaWAN network ==
172
173
174 This section shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN IoT server. Usages with other LoRaWAN IoT servers are of similar procedure.
175
176 [[image:1656042612899-422.png]]
177
178
179 Assume the DLOS8 is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. We need to add the WQS-LB device in TTN V3:
180
181
182 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from WQS-LB.
183
184 Each WQS-LB is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
185
186 [[image:image-20230426084533-1.png||height="231" width="497"]]
187
188
189 User can enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
190
191
192 **Add APP EUI in the application.**
193
194 [[image:1656042662694-311.png]]
195
196 [[image:1656042673910-429.png]]
197
198
199 **Choose Manually to add WQS-LB**
200
201 [[image:1656042695755-103.png]]
202
203
204 **Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**
205
206 [[image:1656042723199-746.png]]
207
208
209 (((
210 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on WQS-LB, it will start to join TTN server. After join success, it will start to upload sensor data to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
211 )))
212
213 [[image:1656042745346-283.png]]
214
215
216 == 2.2 Uplink Payload ==
217
218
219 Uplink payloads include two types: Valid Sensor Value and other status / control command.
220
221 * Valid Sensor Value: Use FPORT=2
222 * Other control command: Use FPORT other than 2.
223
224 === 2.2.1 Uplink FPORT~=5, Device Status ===
225
226
227 Uplink the device configures with FPORT=5. Once WQS-LB Joined the network, it will uplink this message to the server. After first uplink, WQS-LB will uplink Device Status every 12 hours
228
229
230 (((
231 User can also use downlink command**(0x2301)** to ask WQS-LB to resend this uplink
232 )))
233
234 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
235 |=(% style="width: 70px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Size(**bytes)|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)1|=(% style="width: 80px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 80px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**
236 |(% style="width:99px" %)Value|(% style="width:112px" %)[[Sensor Model>>||anchor="HSensorModel:"]]|(% style="width:135px" %)[[Firmware Version>>||anchor="HFirmwareVersion:"]]|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Frequency Band>>||anchor="HFrequencyBand:"]]|(% style="width:85px" %)[[Sub-band>>||anchor="HSub-Band:"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="HBAT:"]]
237
238 [[image:image-20240726164903-3.png]]
239
240
241 Example Payload (FPort=5):  3C 01 00 01 00 0D C8
242
243
244 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Model:**(%%) ====
245
246 For WQS-LB, this value is 0x3C.
247
248
249 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Firmware Version:**(%%) ====
250
251 0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version.
252
253
254 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band:**(%%) ====
255
256 0x01: EU868
257
258 0x02: US915
259
260 0x03: IN865
261
262 0x04: AU915
263
264 0x05: KZ865
265
266 0x06: RU864
267
268 0x07: AS923
269
270 0x08: AS923-1
271
272 0x09: AS923-2
273
274 0x0a: AS923-3
275
276 0x0b: CN470
277
278 0x0c: EU433
279
280 0x0d: KR920
281
282 0x0e: MA869
283
284
285 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sub-Band:**(%%) ====
286
287 value 0x00 ~~ 0x08(only for CN470, AU915,US915. Others are0x00)
288
289
290 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT:**(%%) ====
291
292 (((
293 shows the battery voltage for WQS-LB MCU.
294 )))
295
296 (((
297 Ex1: 0x0DC8/1000 = 3.528 V
298 )))
299
300
301 === 2.2.2 Uplink FPORT~=2, Real time sensor value ===
302
303
304
305 (((
306 WQS-LB will send this uplink after Device Config uplink once join LoRaWAN network successfully. And it will periodically send this uplink. Default interval is 20 minutes and [[can be changed>>||anchor="H3.1SetTransmitIntervalTime"]].
307 )))
308
309 (((
310 Uplink uses FPORT=2 and every 20 minutes send one uplink by default.
311 )))
312
313 (((
314 The upload length is dynamic, depends on what type of weather sensors are connected. The uplink payload is combined with sensor segments. As below:
315 )))
316
317 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
318 |=(% style="width: 89px; background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white;" %)**Size(**bytes)|=(% style="width: 46px; background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white;" %)2|=(% style="width: 80px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 80px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**
319 |(% style="width:89px" %)Value|(% style="width:46px" %)BAT|(% style="width:135px" %)(((
320 temperature
321
322 DS18B20
323 )))|(% style="width:126px" %)(((
324 flag and Sensor
325
326 Identifier
327 )))|(% style="width:85px" %)turbidity|(% style="width:46px" %)(((
328 dissolved
329
330 oxygen
331 )))|(% style="width:46px" %)ORP|(% style="width:46px" %)ECK10|(% style="width:46px" %)ECK1|(% style="width:46px" %)PH
332
333 (((
334 [[image:image-20240725144225-1.png||height="49" width="969"]]
335
336 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Payload Example(FPort=2):**(%%)0CDE 0CCC 29 01E7 00A8 03AA
337
338 One WQS-LB can connect three sensors, and obviously I connected a PH ORP turbidity sensor.
339
340 ==== ====
341
342 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT:**(%%) ====
343
344 (((
345 shows the battery voltage for WQS-LB MCU.
346 )))
347
348 (((
349 Ex1: 0x0CDE/1000 = 3.294 V
350 )))
351
352
353 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Temperature:**(%%) ====
354
355 This is the data of the external DS18B20 temperature sensor.
356
357 If the DS18B12 sensor is not connected, it will display:0CCC/10 =327.60°C
358
359
360 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**flag and Sensor Identifier:**(%%) ====
361
362 The flag and Sensor Identifier uses a hexadecimal byte, which becomes 8 digits when converted to binary.
363
364 Example:0x29=0010 1001
365
366 00 indicates the interrupt identifier.
367
368 The remaining six digits represent the identifier of the turbidity, dissolved oxygen, ORP, ECK10, ECK1, and pH sensor in order.
369
370 101001 means that I have connected three sensors: turbidity, ORP, and pH.
371
372
373 ==== (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor data:**(%%) ====
374
375 turbidity:0x01E7/10=48.7
376
377 ORP:0x00A8=168
378
379 pH:0x03AA/100=9.38
380
381
382 )))
383
384 === 2.2.3 Decoder in TTN V3 ===
385
386
387 (((
388 In LoRaWAN platform, user only see HEX payload by default, user needs to use payload formatters to decode the payload to see human-readable value.
389 )))
390
391 (((
392 Download decoder for suitable platform from:  [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder]]
393 )))
394
395 (((
396 and put as below:
397 )))
398
399 [[image:1656051152438-578.png]]
400
401
402 == 2.3 Show data on Application Server ==
403
404
405 (((
406 Application platform provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have sensor data in TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are the steps:
407 )))
408
409 (((
410 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the LoRaWAN network.
411 )))
412
413 (((
414 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Configure your Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. Go to TTN V3 Console ~-~-> Applications ~-~-> Integrations ~-~-> Add Integrations.
415 )))
416
417 [[image:1656051197172-131.png]]
418
419
420 **Add TagoIO:**
421
422 [[image:1656051223585-631.png]]
423
424
425 **Authorization:**
426
427 [[image:1656051248318-368.png]]
428
429
430 In TagoIO console ([[https:~~/~~/admin.tago.io~~/~~/>>url:https://datacake.co/]]) , add WQS-LB:
431
432 [[image:1656051277767-168.png]]
433
434
435 = 3. Configure WQS-LB via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink =
436
437
438 Use can configure WQS-LB via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.
439
440 * AT Command Connection: See [[FAQ>>||anchor="H7.FAQ"]].
441 * LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms:  [[Use Note for Server>>doc:Main.WebHome]](IoT LoRaWAN Server)
442
443 There are two kinds of commands to configure WQS-LB, they are:
444
445 * (% style="color:blue" %)**General Commands**.
446
447 These commands are to configure:
448
449 * General system settings like: uplink interval.
450 * LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.
451
452 They are same for all Dragino Device which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack((% style="color:red" %)Note~*~*)(%%). These commands can be found on the wiki:  [[End Device Downlink Command>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]
453
454 (% style="color:red" %)**Note~*~*: Please check early user manual if you don’t have v1.8.0 firmware. **
455
456
457 * (% style="color:blue" %)**Commands special design for WQS-LB**
458
459 These commands only valid for WQS-LB, as below:
460
461
462 == 3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time ==
463
464
465 Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.
466
467 (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: AT+TDC**
468
469 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:501px" %)
470 |(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:155px" %)**Command Example**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:166px" %)**Function**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:180px" %)**Response**
471 |(% style="width:155px" %)AT+TDC=?|(% style="width:162px" %)Show current transmit Interval|(% style="width:177px" %)(((
472 30000
473 OK
474 the interval is 30000ms = 30s
475 )))
476 |(% style="width:155px" %)AT+TDC=60000|(% style="width:162px" %)Set Transmit Interval|(% style="width:177px" %)(((
477 OK
478 Set transmit interval to 60000ms = 60 seconds
479 )))
480
481 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: 0x01**
482
483 Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.
484
485 If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
486
487 * Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E  ~/~/  Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
488 * Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C  ~/~/  Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds
489
490 == 3.2 Set Interrupt Mode ==
491
492
493 Feature: In emergency mode, WQS-LB will uplink data every 1 minute.
494
495 (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:AT+INTMOD**
496
497 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
498 |=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 197px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 158px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**
499 |(% style="width:154px" %)AT+INTMOD=?|(% style="width:196px" %)Show current interrupt mode|(% style="width:157px" %)(((
500 0
501 OK
502 the mode is 0 =Disable Interrupt
503 )))
504 |(% style="width:154px" %)AT+INTMOD=2|(% style="width:196px" %)(((
505 Set Transmit Interval
506 0. (Disable Interrupt),
507 ~1. (Trigger by rising and falling edge)
508 2. (Trigger by falling edge)
509 3. (Trigger by rising edge)
510 )))|(% style="width:157px" %)OK
511
512 == 3.3 Set Power Output Duration ==
513
514
515 (((
516 Feature: User can add or delete 3^^rd^^ party sensor as long they are RS485/Modbus interface,baud rate support 9600.Maximum can add 4 sensors.
517 )))
518
519 (((
520 (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command: **
521 )))
522
523 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
524 |=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 197px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 158px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**
525 |(% style="width:154px" %)AT+5VT=?|(% style="width:196px" %)Show 5V open time.|(% style="width:157px" %)0 (default)
526 OK
527 |(% style="width:154px" %)AT+5VT=1000|(% style="width:196px" %)Close after a delay of 1000 milliseconds.|(% style="width:157px" %)OK
528
529 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command:  **
530
531 Format: Command Code (0x07) followed by 2 bytes.
532
533 The first and second bytes are the time to turn on.
534
535 * Example 1: Downlink Payload: 070000  **~-~-->**  AT+5VT=0
536 * Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0701F4  **~-~-->**  AT+5VT=500
537
538
539 == 3.4 Sensor Calibration Commands ==
540
541
542
543
544 = 4. Water Qualit Sensors =
545
546 == 4.1  PH Sensor ==
547
548
549 (((
550 PH01 is a device for measuring the pH value (hydrogen ion concentration index, acidity and alkalinity) of a solution.
551
552 It adopts an integrated design, is lighter and simpler in structure, and is more convenient to use. The waterproof grade is IP68.
553
554 The reference electrode adopts a double salt bridge design, which has stronger anti-pollution ability.
555
556 This product is suitable for industrial sewage, domestic sewage, agriculture, aquaculture and other scenes in non-corrosive weak acid and weak alkali environments.
557 )))
558
559
560 === 4.1.1 Feature ===
561
562
563 * pH measurement range 0~~14pH, resolution 0.01pH.
564 * One-piece design, light and simple structure, easy to use.
565 * The reference adopts a double salt bridge design, which has stronger anti-pollution ability and waterproof grade IP68.
566 * The equipment adopts a wide voltage power supply DC 7~~30V.
567
568 === 4.1.2 Specification ===
569
570
571 * Power supply: DC7~~30V
572 * Power consumption: ≤0.5W
573 * Communication interface: RS485; standard MODBUS-RTU protocol; communication baud rate: default 9600
574 * pH measurement range: 0~~14.00pH; resolution: 0.01pH
575 * pH measurement error: ±0.15pH
576 * Repeatability error: ±0.02pH
577 * Equipment working conditions: Ambient temperature: 0-60℃
578 * Waterproof grade: IP68
579 * Pressure resistance: 0.6MPa
580
581 === 4.1.3 Dimension ===
582
583
584 [[image:image-20240715181651-3.png||height="223" width="562"]]
585
586
587 === 4.1.4 Installation Notice ===
588
589
590 (((
591 Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.
592 )))
593
594 (((
595 Installation Photo as reference:
596 )))
597
598
599 (((
600 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Submerged installation:**
601 )))
602
603 (((
604 The lead wire of the equipment passes through the waterproof pipe, and the 3/4 thread on the top of the equipment is connected to the 3/4 thread of the waterproof pipe with raw tape. Ensure that the top of the equipment and the equipment wire are not flooded.
605
606
607 [[image:image-20240715181933-4.png||height="281" width="258"]]
608 )))
609
610
611 (((
612 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Pipeline installation:**
613 )))
614
615 (((
616 Connect the equipment to the pipeline through the 3/4 thread.
617 )))
618
619 [[image:image-20240715182122-6.png||height="291" width="408"]]
620
621
622 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Sampling:**
623
624 Take representative water samples according to sampling requirements. If it is inconvenient to take samples, you can also put the electrode into the solution to be tested and read the output data. After a period of time, take out the electrode and clean it.
625
626
627 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Measure the pH of the water sample:**
628
629 First rinse the electrode with distilled water, then rinse it with the water sample, then immerse the electrode in the sample, carefully shake the test cup or stir it to accelerate the electrode balance, let it stand, and record the pH value when the reading is stable.
630
631
632 === 4.1.5 Maintenance ===
633
634
635 * The equipment itself generally does not require daily maintenance. When an obvious fault occurs, please do not open it and repair it yourself. Contact us as soon as possible!
636 * There is an appropriate amount of soaking solution in the protective bottle at the front end of the electrode. The electrode head is soaked in it to keep the glass bulb and the liquid junction activated. When measuring, loosen the bottle cap, pull out the electrode, and rinse it with pure water before use.
637 * Preparation of electrode soaking solution: Take a packet of PH4.00 buffer, dissolve it in 250 ml of pure water, and soak it in 3M potassium chloride solution. The preparation is as follows: Take 25 grams of analytical pure potassium chloride and dissolve it in 100 ml of pure water.
638 * The glass bulb at the front end of the electrode cannot come into contact with hard objects. Any damage and scratches will make the electrode ineffective.
639 * Before measurement, the bubbles in the electrode glass bulb should be shaken off, otherwise it will affect the measurement. When measuring, the electrode should be stirred in the measured solution and then placed still to accelerate the response.
640 * The electrode should be cleaned with deionized water before and after measurement to ensure accuracy.
641 * After long-term use, the pH electrode will become passivated, which is characterized by a decrease in sensitivity gradient, slow response, and inaccurate readings. At this time, the bulb at the bottom of the electrode can be soaked in 0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid for 24 hours (0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid preparation: 9 ml of hydrochloric acid is diluted to 1000 ml with distilled water), and then soaked in 3.3M potassium chloride solution for 24 hours. If the pH electrode is seriously passivated and soaking in 0.1M hydrochloric acid has no effect, the pH electrode bulb can be soaked in 4% HF (hydrofluoric acid) for 3-5 seconds, washed with pure water, and then soaked in 3.3M potassium chloride solution for 24 hours to restore its performance.
642 * Glass bulb contamination or liquid junction blockage can also cause electrode passivation. At this time, it should be cleaned with an appropriate solution according to the nature of the contaminant.
643 * (((
644 The equipment should be calibrated before each use. For long-term use, it is recommended to calibrate once every 3 months. The calibration frequency should be adjusted appropriately according to different application conditions (degree of dirt in the application, deposition of chemical substances, etc.). After aging, the electrodes should be replaced in time.
645 )))
646
647 === 4.1.6 Calibration ===
648
649
650 This device uses three-point calibration, and three known PH standard solutions need to be prepared.
651
652 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**The steps are as follows:**
653
654 (1) Wash the electrode in distilled water, and put it in 9.18 standard buffer solution. After the data stabilizes, enter the following calibration command, that is, 9.18 calibration is completed. (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALPH=9" downlink:0xFB 09**(%%)
655
656
657 (2) Wash the electrode in distilled water, and put it in 6.86 standard buffer solution. After the data stabilizes, enter the following calibration command, that is, 6.86 calibration is completed; (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALPH=6" downlink:0xFB 06**(%%)
658
659
660 (3) Wash the electrode in distilled water, and put it in 4.01 standard buffer solution. After the data stabilizes, enter the following calibration command, that is, 4.00 calibration is completed. (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALPH=4" downlink:0xFB 04**(%%)
661
662
663
664
665 == 4.2 EC Sensor ==
666
667
668 EC K1/K10 is a device for measuring the conductivity of solutions. EC K1/K10 adopts an integrated design, which is lighter and simpler in structure and more convenient to use.
669
670 The waterproof grade is IP68. It can be widely used in continuous monitoring of the conductivity of aqueous solutions such as cross-section water quality, aquaculture, sewage treatment, environmental protection, pharmaceuticals, food and tap water.
671
672 (((
673
674 )))
675
676 === 4.2.1 Feature ===
677
678
679 * Conductivity measurement range is 0-2000us/cm; 10~~20000us/cm.
680 * Integrated design, light and simple structure, easy to use.
681 * Waterproof grade IP68.
682 * With salinity and TDS conversion function.
683 * RS485 communication interface: MDDBUS RTU communication protocol can be easily connected to the computer for monitoring and communication.
684 * ModBus communication address can be set and baud rate can be modified.
685 * The device adopts wide voltage power supply, DC 7~~30V is available.
686
687 === 4.2.2 Specification ===
688
689
690 * Power supply: DC7~~30V
691 * Power consumption: ≤0.5W
692 * Communication interface: RS485; standard MODBUS-RTU protocol; communication baud rate: default 9600
693 * Conductivity measurement range: K=1: 1~~2000μs/cm; resolution: 1μs/cm K=10: 10~~20000μs/cm; resolution: 10μ
694 * Conductivity measurement error: ±1%FS
695 * Equipment working conditions: Ambient temperature: 0-60℃
696 * Waterproof grade: IP68
697 * Pressure resistance: 0.6MPa
698
699 === 4.2.3 Dimension ===
700
701
702 [[image:image-20240715181651-3.png||height="223" width="562"]]
703
704
705 === 4.2.4 Installation Notice ===
706
707
708 Selection of matching electrode constant
709
710 [[image:image-20240716104100-1.png||height="349" width="641"]]
711
712
713 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Electrode installation form**
714
715 A:Side wall installation
716
717 B:Top flange installation
718
719 C:Pipeline bend installation
720
721 D:Pipeline bend installation
722
723 E:Flow-through installation
724
725 F:Submerged installation
726
727 [[image:image-20240716104537-2.png||height="475" width="706"]]
728
729 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Several common installation methods of electrodes**
730
731 When installing the sensor on site, you should strictly follow the correct installation method shown in the following picture. Incorrect installation method will cause data deviation.
732
733 A. Several common incorrect installation methods
734
735 [[image:image-20240717103452-1.png||height="320" width="610"]]
736
737 Error cause: The electrode joint is too long, the extension part is too short, the sensor is easy to form a dead cavity, resulting in measurement error.
738
739
740 [[image:image-20240716105124-4.png||height="326" width="569"]]
741
742 Error cause: Measurement error or instability may occur due to water flow not being able to fill the pipe or air accumulation at high altitudes.
743
744 B. Correct installation method
745
746 [[image:image-20240716105318-5.png||height="330" width="594"]]
747
748
749 === 4.2.5 Maintenance ===
750
751
752 * The equipment itself generally does not require daily maintenance. When an obvious fault occurs, please do not open it and repair it yourself, and contact us as soon as possible.
753 * If the electrode is not used for a long time, it can generally be stored in a dry place, but it must be placed (stored) in distilled water for several hours before use to activate the electrode. Electrodes that are frequently used can be placed (stored) in distilled water.
754 * Cleaning of conductivity electrodes: Organic stains on the electrode can be cleaned with warm water containing detergent, or with alcohol. Calcium and magnesium precipitates are best cleaned with 10% citric acid. The electrode plate or pole can only be cleaned by chemical methods or by shaking in water. Wiping the electrode plate will damage the coating (platinum black) on the electrode surface.
755 * The equipment should be calibrated before each use. It is recommended to calibrate it every 3 months for long-term use. The calibration frequency should be adjusted appropriately according to different application conditions (degree of dirt in the application, deposition of chemical substances, etc.).
756
757 === 4.2.6 Calibration ===
758
759
760 This device uses one-point calibration, and you need to prepare a known E standard solution. When the mileage K=1, 1~~2000 uses 1413uS/cm standard solution, and when the mileage K=10, 10~~20000 uses 12.88mS/cm standard solution.
761
762 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**The steps are as follows:**
763
764 (1) Put the electrode in distilled water to clean it. When the mileage is 1~~2000, use 1413HS/cm standard solution.After the data is stable, enter the following calibration command
765
766 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALEC=1" downlink:0xFD 01**
767
768 (2) Put the electrode in distilled water to clean it. When the range is 10~~20000, use 12.88mS/cm standard solution.After the data is stable, enter the following calibration command
769
770 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALEC=10" downlink:0xFD 10**
771
772
773 == 4.3 ORP Sensor ~-~- ==
774
775
776 (((
777 ORP01 is a device for measuring the redox potential of a solution. It uses high-purity platinum to make an ORP composite electrode, which has strong acid and alkali resistance and antioxidant capacity, and has high measurement accuracy, fast response, and good stability.
778
779 The electrode can automatically compensate according to temperature. It is suitable for online monitoring of the redox potential of cyanide-containing and chromium-containing wastewater.
780 )))
781
782
783 === 4.3.1 Feature ===
784
785
786 * ORP measurement range -1999~~1999mV, resolution 1mV.
787 * Applicable electrode temperature 0~~80℃.
788 * The electrode is made of high-purity platinum, which has strong acid and alkali resistance and antioxidant capacity, high measurement accuracy, fast response and good stability.
789 * RS485 communication interface: ModBus-RTU communication protocol can be easily connected to the computer for monitoring and communication.
790 * ModBus communication address can be set and baud rate can be modified.
791 * The equipment adopts wide voltage power supply, DC 7~~30V
792
793 === 4.3.2 Specification ===
794
795
796 * Measuring range: -1999~~1999mV
797 * Resolution: 1mV
798 * Output signal: RS485
799 * Measurement error: ±3mV
800 * Stability: ≤2mv/24 hours
801 * Equipment working conditions: Ambient temperature: 0-60℃ Relative humidity: <85%RH
802 * Waterproof grade: IP68
803 * Pressure resistance: 0.6MP
804
805 === 4.3.3 Dimension ===
806
807
808
809 [[image:image-20240715181651-3.png||height="223" width="562"]]
810
811 === 4.3.4 Installation Notice ===
812
813
814 (((
815 (% id="cke_bm_321773S" style="display:none" %) (%%)Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on.
816 )))
817
818 (((
819 Installation Photo as reference:
820 )))
821
822
823 (((
824 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Submerged installation:**
825 )))
826
827 (((
828 The lead wire of the equipment passes through the waterproof pipe, and the 3/4 thread on the top of the equipment is connected to the 3/4 thread of the waterproof pipe with raw tape. Ensure that the top of the equipment and the equipment wire are not flooded.
829
830
831 [[image:image-20240715181933-4.png||height="281" width="258"]]
832 )))
833
834
835 (((
836 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Pipeline installation:**
837 )))
838
839 (((
840 Connect the equipment to the pipeline through the 3/4 thread.
841 )))
842
843 [[image:image-20240715182122-6.png||height="291" width="408"]]
844
845 === 4.3.5 Maintenance ===
846
847
848 (1) The equipment itself generally does not require daily maintenance. When an obvious fault occurs, please do not open it and repair it yourself, and contact us as soon as possible.
849 (2) In general, ORP electrodes do not need to be calibrated and can be used directly. When there is doubt about the quality and test results of the ORP electrode, the electrode potential can be checked with an ORP standard solution to determine whether the ORP electrode meets the measurement requirements, and the electrode can be recalibrated or replaced with a new ORP electrode. The frequency of calibration or inspection of the measuring electrode depends on different application conditions (the degree of dirt in the application, the deposition of chemical substances, etc.).
850 (3) There is an appropriate soaking solution in the protective bottle at the front end of the electrode, and the electrode head is soaked in it to ensure the activation of the platinum sheet and the liquid junction. When measuring, loosen the bottle cap, pull out the electrode, and rinse it with pure water before use.
851 (4) Preparation of electrode soaking solution: Take 25 grams of analytical pure potassium chloride and dissolve it in 100 ml of pure water to prepare a 3.3M potassium chloride solution.
852 (5) Before measuring, the bubbles in the electrode glass bulb should be shaken off, otherwise it will affect the measurement. When measuring, the electrode should be stirred in the measured solution and then placed still to accelerate the response.
853 (6) The electrode should be cleaned with deionized water before and after the measurement to ensure the measurement accuracy.
854 (7) After long-term use, the ORP electrode will be passivated, which is manifested as a decrease in sensitivity gradient, slow response, and inaccurate readings. At this time, the platinum sheet at the bottom of the electrode can be soaked in 0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid for 24 hours (0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid preparation: 9 ml of hydrochloric acid is diluted to 1000 ml with distilled water), and then soaked in 3.3M potassium chloride solution for 24 hours to restore its performance.
855 (8) Electrode contamination or liquid junction blockage can also cause electrode passivation. At this time, it should be cleaned with an appropriate solution according to the nature of the contaminant. If the platinum of the electrode is severely contaminated and an oxide film is formed, toothpaste can be applied to the platinum surface and then gently scrubbed to restore the platinum's luster.
856 (9) The equipment should be calibrated before each use. It is recommended to calibrate once every 3 months for long-term use. The calibration frequency should be adjusted appropriately according to different application conditions (degree of dirt in the application, deposition of chemical substances, etc.). After aging, the electrodes should be replaced in time.
857
858
859 === 4.3.6 Calibration ===
860
861
862 OPR01 uses two-point calibration. You need to prepare two known ORP standard solutions.
863
864 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**The steps are as follows:**(%%)
865 (1) Put the electrode in distilled water to clean it, put it in 86mV standard buffer, wait for the data to stabilize, enter the following calibration command, and the 86mV point calibration is completed.
866
867 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALORP=86" downlink:0xFD 00 56**(%%)
868 (2) Put the electrode in distilled water to clean it, put it in 256mV standard buffer, wait for the data to stabilize, enter the following calibration command, and the 256mV point calibration is completed.
869
870 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALORP=256" downlink:0xFD 01 00**
871
872
873 == 4.4 dissolved oxygen Sensor ==
874
875
876 (((
877 The fluorescence dissolved oxygen sensor is a newly developed online digital sensor, using imported components and advanced production technology and surface mounting technology.
878
879 It has an IP68 waterproof rating, and the cable is seawater-proof. It can be directly put into the water without a protective tube, ensuring the long-term stability, reliability and accuracy of the sensor.
880
881 The fluorescence dissolved oxygen sensor is based on the principle of quenching active fluorescence by specific substances in physics.
882
883 The blue light from a light-emitting diode (LED) shines on the fluorescent material on the inner surface of the fluorescent cap.
884
885 The fluorescent material on the inner surface is excited and emits red light.
886
887 By detecting the phase difference between the red light and the blue light and comparing it with the internal calibration value, the concentration of oxygen molecules is calculated, and the final value is automatically compensated for temperature and air pressure.
888 )))
889
890
891 === 4.4.1 Feature ===
892
893
894 * Small size, low power consumption, easy to carry.
895 * Truly achieve low cost, low price, high performance.
896 * High integration, long life, high reliability.
897 * Up to four isolations, can resist complex interference conditions on site, waterproof level IP68.
898 * The electrode uses high-quality low-noise cable, which can make the signal output length reach more than 20 meters.
899
900 === 4.4.2 Specification ===
901
902
903 * Measuring range: 0-20mg/L, 0-50℃
904 * Accuracy: 3%, ±0.5℃
905 * Resolution: 0.01 mg/L, 0.01℃
906 * Maximum operating pressure: 6 bar
907 * Output signal: A: 4-20mA (current loop)
908 * B: RS485 (standard Modbus-RTU protocol, device default address: 01)
909 * Power supply voltage: 5-24V DC
910 * Working environment: temperature 0-60℃; humidity <95%RH
911 * Power consumption: ≤0.5W
912
913 === 4.4.3 Dimension ===
914
915
916 [[image:image-20240717105043-2.png||height="232" width="515"]]
917
918 === 4.4.4 Instructions for use and maintenance ===
919
920
921 * Sampling: Take representative water samples according to the sampling requirements.
922 * Determine dissolved oxygen in water samples: First rinse the electrode three times with distilled water, then rinse it three times with the water sample, then immerse the electrode in the sample, carefully shake the test cup or stir it to accelerate the electrode balance, let it stand, and record the dissolved oxygen when the reading is stable.
923 * If it is inconvenient to take samples, you can also put the electrode in the measured solution, wait for the measured data to stabilize, read the output data, and take out the electrode after a period of time. Clean it.
924 * After the sample measurement is completed, rinse the electrode three times with distilled water and put the electrode back in the protective solution upright.
925
926 Note: When measuring multiple samples, the electrode should be cleaned before measuring the next sample to avoid affecting the experimental data.
927
928 If the water conditions are complex and you want accurate data, you need to wipe the sensor probe frequently.
929
930
931 === 4.4.5 Precautions ===
932
933
934 * To ensure that the electrode measures correctly on the pipeline, avoid bubbles between the measuring cells that may cause data inaccuracy.
935 * Please check whether the packaging is intact and whether the product model is consistent with the selected model.
936 * Do not connect the wires with power on. After the wiring is completed and checked, power can be turned on.
937 * Do not arbitrarily change the components or wires that have been welded at the factory when using the product.
938 * The sensor is a precision device. When using it, please do not disassemble it by yourself or contact the sensor surface with sharp objects or corrosive liquids to avoid damaging the product.
939
940 == 4.5 turbidity Sensor ==
941
942
943 (((
944 The turbidity sensor is a newly developed online digital turbidity sensor, using imported components and advanced production technology and surface mounting technology.
945
946 It has an IP68 waterproof rating, and the cable is seawater-proof.It can be directly put into the water without a protective tube, ensuring the long-term stability, reliability and accuracy of the sensor. This sensor probe uses a scattered light turbidity measurement method.
947
948 Since the turbidity in the water sample causes light to scatter, the intensity of the scattered light in the direction perpendicular to the incident light is measured and compared with the internal calibration value to calculate the turbidity in the water sample.
949
950 The ambient light interference is eliminated by infrared light and filters. After linearization processing, the output signal is stable and accurate.
951 )))
952
953
954 === 4.5.1 Feature ===
955
956
957 * RS485 Temperature, Humidity, Illuminance, Pressure sensor
958 * Axial capacitor filtering is used internally, and 100MΩ resistor increases impedance and enhances stability.
959 * Small size, low power consumption, and easy to carry.
960 * Truly achieve low cost, low price, and high performance.
961 * High integration, long life, and high reliability.
962 * Up to four isolations can resist complex interference conditions on site, and the waterproof level is IP68.
963 * The electrode uses high-quality low-noise cable, which can make the signal output length reach more than 20 meters
964
965 === 4.5.2 Specification ===
966
967
968 * Measuring range: 0.1～1000.0NTU
969 * Accuracy: ±5%
970 * Resolution: 0.1NTU
971 * Stability: ≤3mV/24 hours
972 * Output signal: A: 4～20 mA (current loop)B: RS485 (standard Modbus-RTU protocol, device default address: 15)
973 * Power supply voltage: 5～24V DC (when the output signal is RS485)
974 * 12～24V DC (when the output signal is 4～20mA)
975 * Working environment: temperature 0～60℃; humidity ≤95%RH
976 * Power consumption: ≤0.5W
977
978 === 4.5.3 Dimension ===
979
980
981 [[image:image-20240717112849-3.png||height="285" width="582"]]
982
983
984 === 4.5.4 Instructions for use and maintenance ===
985
986
987 * It can be directly put into water without adding a protective tube, ensuring the long-term stability, reliability and accuracy of the sensor.
988 * If the water conditions are complex and you want accurate data, you need to wipe the sensor probe frequently.
989
990 === 4.5.5 Calibration ===
991
992 For turbidity calibration, you only need to prepare a solution. You can choose 0NTU, 200NTU, 400NTU, 600NTU, 800NTU, 1000NTU, and then enter the corresponding calibration command.
993
994 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALNTU=0" downlink:0xFE 00        **(%%)0NTU turbidity solution
995
996 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALNTU=2" downlink:0xFE 02        **(%%)200NTU turbidity solution
997
998 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALNTU=4" downlink:0xFE 04        **(%%)400NTU turbidity solution
999
1000 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALNTU=6" downlink:0xFE 06        **(%%)600NTU turbidity solution
1001
1002 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALNTU=8" downlink:0xFE 08        **(%%)800NTU turbidity solution
1003
1004 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**"AT+CALNTU=10" downlink:0xFE 0A     **(%%)1000NTU turbidity solution
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009 === 4.5.6 Precautions ===
1010
1011 * To ensure that the electrode measures correctly on the pipeline, avoid bubbles between the measuring cells that may cause data inaccuracy.
1012 * Please check whether the packaging is intact and whether the product model is consistent with the selected model.
1013 * Do not connect the wires with power on. After the wiring is completed and checked, power can be turned on.
1014 * Do not arbitrarily change the components or wires that have been welded at the factory when using the product.
1015 * The sensor is a precision device. When using it, please do not disassemble it by yourself or contact the sensor surface with sharp objects or corrosive liquids to avoid damaging the product.
1016 * Do not power on while connect the cables. Double check the wiring before power on
1017
1018 = 5. FAQ =
1019
1020
1021
1022 = 6. Order Info =
1023
1024 == 6.1 Main Process Unit ==
1025
1026
1027 Part Number: (% style="color:blue" %)**WQS-LB-XX**
1028
1029 (% style="color:blue" %)**XX**(%%): The default frequency band
1030
1031 * (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
1032 * (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
1033 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
1034 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
1035 * (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
1036 * (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
1037 * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band
1038 * (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
1039
1040 == 6.2 Sensors ==
1041
1042
1043 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
1044 |=(% style="width: 300px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Sensor Model**|=(% style="width: 200px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Part Number**
1045 |(% style="width:462px" %)PH Sensor|(% style="width:120px" %)DR-PH01
1046 |(% style="width:462px" %)EC K1 Sensor|(% style="width:120px" %)DR-ECK1
1047 |(% style="width:462px" %)EC K10 Sensor|(% style="width:120px" %)DR-ECK10
1048 |(% style="width:462px" %)ORP Sensor|(% style="width:120px" %)DR-ORP1
1049 |(% style="width:462px" %)Dissolved Oxygen Sensor|(% style="width:120px" %)DR-DO1
1050 |(% style="width:462px" %)Turbidity Sensor|(% style="width:120px" %)DR-TS1
1051
1052 = 7. Support =
1053
1054
1055 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1056
1057 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].