TrackerD -LoRaWAN Tracker User Manual

TrackerD is an (% style="color:blue" %)**Open Source LoRaWAN Tracker**(%%) based on (% style="color:blue" %)**ESP32 MCU**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech LoRa Wireless Chip**.

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In TrackerD, there are various sensors such as GPS, WiFi, BLE, Temperature, Humidity, Motion Detection, and Buzzer. User can use TrackerD for different tracking scenario.

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TrackerD is program friendly. Developers can use Arduino IDE to customize the software of TrackerD to fit their IoT solution.

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The LoRa wireless technology used in TrackerD allows the user to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional tracking services.

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TrackerD is equipped with a (% style="color:blue" %)**1000mAh Li-on rechargeable battery**(%%). Each TrackerD has a worldwide unique OTAA keys to join the LoRaWAN network.

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[[image:1664499921684-770.png]]

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(% style="color:red" %)**Note: LoRaWAN server can be a general LoRaWAN server other than TTN.**

== 1.2 Specifications ==

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Micro Controller:**

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* Espressif ESP32 PICO D4

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* MCU: ESP32 PICO D4

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* Bluetooth: Bluetooth V4.2 BR/EDR and Bluetooth LE

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* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n (802.11n up to 150 Mbps)

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* Integrated SPI flash : 4 MB

* RAM: 448 KB

* EEPROM: 520 KB

* Clock Speed: 32Mhz

(% style="color:blue" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**

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* Supply Voltage: 5V via USB port or Internal li-on battery

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* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 60°C

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(% style="color:blue" %)**LoRa Spec:**

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* Frequency Range,

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** Band 1 (HF): 862 ~~ 1020 Mhz

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* 168 dB maximum link budget.

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* +20 dBm - 100 mW constant RF output vs.

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* +14 dBm high efficiency PA.

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* Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps.

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* High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm.

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* Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -12.5 dBm.

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* Excellent blocking immunity.

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* Low RX current of 10.3 mA, 200 nA register retention.

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* Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz.

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* FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK modulation.

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* Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery.

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* Preamble detection.

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* 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.

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* Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.

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* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC.

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* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Specification

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Battery:**

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* 1000mA Li-on Battery power (for model TrackerD)

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Power Consumption**

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* Sleeping Mode: 200uA

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* LoRa Transmit Mode: 125mA @ 20dBm 44mA @ 14dBm

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* Tracking: max: 38mA

== 1.3 Features ==

* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A

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* ESP32 PICO D4

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* SX1276/78 Wireless Chip

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* Arduino IDE Compatible

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* Open source hardware / software

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* Regular/ Real-time GPS,BLE,WIFI tracking

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* Built-in3 axis accelerometer (LIS3DH)

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* Humidity / temperature sensor : GXCAS Technology GXHT3X

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* Motion sensing capability

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* Power Monitoring

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* Charging circuit via USB port

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* 1000mA Li-on Battery power

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* Tri-color LED, Alarm button

* Datalog

== 1.4 Applications ==

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* Logistics and Supply Chain Management

* Human tracking

= 2.1 Use TrackerD =

== 2.1 How it works? ==

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TrackerD is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A GPS tracker by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a LoRaWAN network, user need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and push reset button of TrackerD (next to USB port). TrackerD will wake up and auto join the network via OTAA.

== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server ==

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Here is an example for how to join the [[TTNv3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network]]. Below is the network structure, we use LPS8N as LoRaWAN gateway in this example.

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[[image:1664501652064-326.png]]

The LPS8N is already set to connect to [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. What the rest need to is register this device in TTN V3:

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**:(%%) Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from TrackerD.

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Each TrackerD is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:

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[[image:1664501677253-891.png]]

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Input these keys to their LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:

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**__Add APP EUI in the application:__**

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[[image:1664501711466-918.png]]

[[image:1664501721248-725.png]]

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[[image:1664501734705-405.png]]

**__Add APP KEY and DEV EUI:__**

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[[image:1664501784668-703.png]]

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:(%%) Power on TrackerD by using the on board switch.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3:**(%%) TrackerD will auto join to the LoRaWAN network. After join success, TrackerD will start to upload message to IoT server.

== 2.3 Positioning Mode(SMOD) ==

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Users can set TrackerD to different Positioning Mode for different applications. Below mod are supported.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**GPS ONLY(Factory Settings): **(%%)Only get and uplink GPS location info.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**BLE or WiFi ONLY: **(%%)** **Only obtain iBeacon info via BLE and uplink or obtain wifi ssid info via WiFi and uplink. Design for Indoor tracking.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**GPS/BLE Hybrid: **(%%)Combination for Indoor and Outdoor tracking. Devices will try to search BLE iBeacon first. If device can't find the iBeacon, it will use GPS for positioning.

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Users can switch modes by [[changing SMOD>>||anchor="H3.2.7SetPositioningMode"]].

== 2.4 Uplink Payload ==

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=== 2.4.1 Uplink FPORT~=5, Device Status ===

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Uplink the device configures with FPORT=5. Once TrackerD Joined the network, it will uplink this message to the server. After the first uplink, TrackerD will uplink Device Status every 12 hours.

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Use can also get the Device Status uplink through the downlink command: **Downlink: 0x2301**

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(% border="1.5" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:440px" %)

[[image:1665301570342-765.png]]

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Example of Device Status:**(%%) 13014001FF0FA24002

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Model:** (%%) For TrackerD,this value is 0x13

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Firmware Version: **(%%) 0x0140,Means:v1.4.0 version

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band**:

*0x01: EU868

*0x02: US915

*0x03: IN865

*0x04: AU915

*0x05: KZ865

*0x06: RU864

*0x07: AS923

*0x08: AS923-1

*0x09: AS923-2

*0x0a: AS923-3

Sub- Band:value 0x00~~0x08(only forAU915,US915,Others are 0xFF)

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT:**(%%) shows the battery voltage for TrackerD.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Ex1:**(%%) 0x0FA2 = 4002mV

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Use can also get the Device Status uplink through the downlink command:

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**SMOD Field (total 1 byte)**(%%)：0x40

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(% border="1.5" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:270px" %)

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|=(% scope="row" style="width: 60px;" %)**Size(bit)**|(% style="width:50px" %)2bits|(% style="width:80px" %)2bit|(% style="width:80px" %)4bit

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|=(% style="width: 75px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:64px" %)SMOD|(% style="width:104px" %)GPS_Settings|(% style="width:103px" %)BLE_Settings

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(% style="color:blue" %)** SMOD：**

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(% style="color:red" %)** 1 :** (%%) GPS ONLY

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(% style="color:red" %)** 2 :** (%%) BLE ONLY

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(% style="color:red" %)** 3 :** (%%) GPS/BLE Hybrid

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(% style="color:blue" %)** GPS_MOD: Define how to send GPS payload**

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(% style="color:red" %)** 0 : ** (%%) Enable uploading on-board Temperature and humidity values

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(% style="color:red" %)** 1 :** (%%) Disable uploading on-board Temperature and humidity values

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(% style="color:blue" %)** BLE_Settings:**

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(% style="color:red" %)** 1: ** (%%) BLE Positioning with Strongest iBeacon

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(% style="color:red" %)** 2：** (%%)WiFi Positioning with Strongest WiFi SSID(% style="color:blue" %)(V1.4.1 Version support this function later)(%%)

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Status Field (total 1 byte)**(%%): 0x02

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(% border="1.5" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:260px" %)

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|=(% style="width: 77px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:70px" %)Reserve|(% style="width:92px" %)[[PNACKMD>>||anchor="H2.4.4A0UplinkFPORT3D42CHistoryGNSSPositioning"]]|(% style="width:48px" %)[[LON>>||anchor="H3.2.5Disable2FEnableLEDflash"]]|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Transport Mode>>||anchor="H2.9TransportMode"]]

=== 2.4.2 Uplink FPORT~=2, Realtime GNSS Positioning + Temperature & Humidity ===

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Users can use **AT+SMOD=1,0,0** to enable uploading on-board Temperature and humidity values, and the total payload will be 15 bytes,

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(% border="1.2" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:320px" %)

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|=(% scope="row" style="width: 60px;" %)(((

**Size(bytes)**

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)))|(% style="width:30px" %)(((

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|=(% style="width: 69px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:76px" %)[[Latitude>>||anchor="HLocationinfo:"]]|(% style="width:87px" %)[[Longitude>>||anchor="HLocationinfo:"]]|(% style="width:76px" %)(((

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[[Alarm & BAT>>||anchor="HAlarm26BAT:"]]

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)))|(% style="width:73px" %)[[FLAG>>||anchor="HFLAG:"]]|(% style="width:40px" %)[[Hum>>||anchor="HHum:"]]|(% style="width:87px" %)[[Tem>>||anchor="HTem:"]]

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[[image:1665301636888-168.png]]

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Alarm & BAT:**(%%) ====

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(% border="1.2" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:250px" %)

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|=(% scope="row" style="width: 50px;" %)**Size(bit)**|(% style="width:50px" %)1 bit|(% style="width:80px" %)1bit|(% style="width:50px" %)14bits

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|=(% style="width: 72px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:67px" %)reserve|(% style="width:118px" %)Alarm Indicate|(% style="width:63px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="HBAT:"]]

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**FLAG:**(%%) ====

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(% border="1.2" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:120px" %)

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|=(% scope="row" style="width: 50px;" %)**Size(bit)**|(% style="width:30px" %)2bits|(% style="width:30px" %)1bit

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|=(% style="width: 79px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:55px" %)[[MOD>>||anchor="H3.2.7SetPositioningMode"]]|(% style="width:47px" %)[[LON>>||anchor="HLON:"]]

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**Example:** Payload: 0x02863D68 FAC29BAF 4B45 60 0202 011A

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Location info:**(%%) ====

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* Latitude: 02863D68 ⇒ //if (0x//02863D68//& 0x80000000 = 0 )~:// //value = 02863D68 /1000000 = 42.351976//

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* Longitude: FAC29BAF ⇒ //if (0x//FAC29BAF// & 0x80000000 = 1 )~:// //value = (0x//FAC29BAF// – 0x 100000000)/1000000 =//-87.9094//57//

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(% style="color:red" %)**Important note:**

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1. When power is low (<2.84v), GPS won't be able to get location info and GPS feature will be disabled and the location field will be filled with 0x0FFFFFFF, 0x0FFFFFFF.

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2. In this mode, the total payload will be 15 bytes, while US915/AU915 DR0 accepts only 11 bytes payload. In this case, the payload on server will be ignore and shows as below:

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[[image:1664502116362-706.png]]

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3. While GPS can't get location info after timeout(FTIME Parameter), the latitude and longitude will be filled with all 0x00:

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[[image:1664502166010-515.png]]

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Alarm:**(%%) ====

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**Example: ** 0x4B & 0x40 >> 6 = 0x01

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**BAT:**(%%) ====

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**Example: ** 0x4B45 & 0x3FFF ⇒ 2885 (mV).

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The battery info shows the battery voltage, User can use the below mapping to indicate the battery in percentage: \

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* > 4.0v : 80% ~~ 100%

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* 3.85v ~~3.99v: 60% ~~ 80%

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* 3.70v ~~ 3.84v: 40% ~~ 60%

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* 3.40v ~~ 3.69v: 20% ~~ 40%

* < 3.39v: 0~~20%

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**MOD:**(%%) ====

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**Example: ** (0x60>>6) & 0x3f =1

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**Set the format of GPS data uplink link：**

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x00:** (%%) Enable uploading on-board Temperature and humidity values

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x01: ** (%%) Disable uploading on-board Temperature and humidity values

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**Set the format of BLE data uplink link：**

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x01: ** (%%) BLE Positioning with Strongest iBeacon

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**LON:**(%%) ====

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**Example:** (0x60>>5) & 0x01=1.

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Enable/Disable LED activity for uplink

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x00:** (%%) Disable LED indicator.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x01:** (%%) Enable LED indicator (Default Value)

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Hum:**(%%) ====

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0202 = //if (0x0202 & 0x8000 = 0 ): value =// 0x0202 / 100 = +514 ⇒ 51.4 degree

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Tem:**(%%) ====

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011A =if (0x011A & 0x8000 = 1 ): value =( 0x011A - 0x10000)/10(dec) ⇒ -//28.2 degree//

=== 2.4.3 Uplink FPORT~=3, Realtime GNSS Positioning (Default Mode) ===

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The default uplink payload includes total 11 bytes (**AT+SMOD=1,1,0**). The payload is the first 11 bytes of Uplink FPORT=2, real-time GNSS positioning, (remove the temp and humidity)

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(% border="1.2" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:300px" %)

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|=(% scope="row" style="width: 60px;" %)(((

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**Size(bytes)**

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)))|(% style="width:60px" %)4|(% style="width:60px" %)4|(% style="width:60px" %)2|(% style="width:50px" %)1

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|=(% style="width: 69px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:76px" %)[[Latitude>>||anchor="HLocationinfo:"]]|(% style="width:87px" %)[[Longitude>>||anchor="HLocationinfo:"]]|(% style="width:76px" %)(((

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[[Alarm & BAT>>||anchor="HAlarm26BAT:"]]

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)))|(% style="width:73px" %)[[FLAG>>||anchor="HFLAG:"]]

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(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

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[[image:1665301687277-443.png]]

=== 2.4.4 Uplink FPORT~=4, History GNSS Positioning ===

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Set [[PNACKMD=1>>||anchor="H3.2.10A0A0AutoSendNone-ACKmessages"]], and TrackerD will wait for ACK for every uplink, when there is no LoRaWAN network, TrackerD will mark these records with non-ack messages and store the sensor data, and it will send all messages (10s interval) after the network recovery.

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(% style="color:red" %)**Note for this mode:**

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* a) TrackerD will do an ACK check for data records sending to make sure every data arrive server.

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* b) TrackerD will send data in (% style="color:blue" %)**CONFIRMED Mode**(%%) when PNACKMD=1, but TrackerD won't re-transmit the packet if it doesn't get ACK, it will just mark it as a NONE-ACK message. In a future uplink, if TrackerD gets an ACK, TrackerD will consider there is a network connection and resend all NONE-ACK Messages.

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* c) the total payload will be 15 bytes, while US915/AU915 DR0 accepts only 11 bytes of payload. In this case (DR0 of US915/AU915), the payload on server will show NULL

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The payload is 15 bytes, as below.

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(% border="1.5" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:500px" %)

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|=(% scope="row" %)(((

**Size(bytes)**

)))|4|4|2|1|1|1|1|1

[[image:image-20221009160309-2.png]]

=== 2.4.5 Uplink FPORT~=6, BLE Positioning with Strongest iBeacon ===

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TrackerD supports BLE scans for indoor positioning. User can set [[**SMOD**>>||anchor="H3.2.7SetPositioningMode"]] to **BLE pure** or **GPS/BLE hybrid** so TrackerD will scan BLE iBeacon and find the strongest iBeacon info and uplink.

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User can set **[[BLEMASK>>||anchor="H3.2.11A0SetBLEMASKtofilterBLEiBeacon"]]** so TrackerD will only search the iBeacons which have UUID that match the BLEMASK settings.

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(% border="1.5" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:450px" %)

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|=(% scope="row" style="width: 60px;" %)(((

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**Size(bytes)**

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|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:44px" %)[[UUID>>||anchor="HLocationinfo:"]]|(% style="width:61px" %)(((

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iBeacon MAJOR

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)))|(% style="width:63px" %)(((

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iBeacon MINOR

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)))|(% style="width:71px" %)(((

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iBeacon Measured Power

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)))|(% style="width:50px" %)(((

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iBeacon RSSI

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)))|(% style="width:47px" %)(((

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[[Alarm & BAT>>||anchor="HAlarm26BAT:"]]

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)))|(% style="width:15px" %)[[FLAG>>||anchor="HFLAG:"]]

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[[image:1664502425687-834.png]]

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT: ** (%%) Ex1:0x4B45 & 0x3FFF ⇒ 3901 (mV).

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**MODE: **(%%)Define the payload format.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**UUID: **(%%)The uuid from the strongest iBeacon.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**MAJOR:** (%%) The MAJOR from the strongest iBeacon.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**MINOR:** (%%)The MAJOR from the strongest iBeacon.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Measured Power: ** (%%) The Measured Power from the strongest iBeacon.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**RSSI: ** (%%) The RSSI from the strongest iBeacon.

=== 2.4.6 Uplink FPORT~=8, WiFi Positioning with Strongest WiFi SSID ===

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TrackerD supports WiFi scans for indoor positioning. User can set [[**SMOD**>>||anchor="H3.2.7SetPositioningMode"]] to **BLE pure** or **GPS/BLE hybrid** so TrackerD will scan WiFi and find the strongest WiFi info and uplink.

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(% border="1.2" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:371.222px" %)

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|=(% scope="row" style="width: 60px;" %)(((

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**Size(bytes)**

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)))|(% style="width:60px" %)6|(% style="width:60px" %)4|(% style="width:79px" %)2|(% style="width:66px" %)1

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|=(% style="width: 69px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:76px" %)SSID|(% style="width:87px" %)RSSI|(% style="width:79px" %)(((

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[[Alarm & BAT>>||anchor="HAlarm26BAT:"]]

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)))|(% style="width:66px" %)[[FLAG>>||anchor="HFLAG:"]]

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(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

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[[image:1667288597595-714.png||height="212" width="1151"]]

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT: ** (%%) Ex1:0x4B45 & 0x3FFF ⇒ 3901 (mV).

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**SSID: **(%%)WiFi name.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**RSSI: **(%%)The RSSI from the strongest WiFi.

=== 2.4.7 Add Payload format in TTN V3 ===

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In TTN V3, user can add a custom payload so it shows friendly.

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In the page (% style="color:#037691" %)**Applications ~-~-> Payload Formats ~-~-> Custom ~-~-> decoder**

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[[image:1664502649601-895.png]]

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Add the decoder from this link:

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[[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/TrackerD>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/TrackerD]]

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Save the change the uplink message will be parsed. As below:

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[[image:1664502676891-606.png]]

== 2.5 Integrate with Datacake ==

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After TrackerD sends data to LoRaWAN server such as TTN, use can pass the data to Datacake and plot out, currently only support GPS plot.

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Instruction is here: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Notes%20for%20Data%20Cake/#H7.Example~~-~~-AddTrackerDGPSTrackingInDataCake>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Notes%20for%20Data%20Cake/#H7.Example--AddTrackerDGPSTrackingInDataCake]]

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[[image:1664502695771-538.png]]

== 2.6 Integrate with Tago ==

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After TrackerD sends data to LoRaWAN server such as TTN, user can pass the data to Datacake and plot out, currently only support GPS plot.

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Instruction is here: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Tago.IO/#H3.A0Example-CreateTrackerD2FLGT92positioningwidget>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Tago.IO/#H3.A0Example-CreateTrackerD2FLGT92positioningwidget]]

[[image:1664502715371-321.png]]

== 2.7 Datalog Feature ==

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total 273 entries,by default,

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User can set [[PNACKMD=1>>||anchor="H3.2.10A0A0AutoSendNone-ACKmessages"]], to enable Datalog feature.

Example use case.

[[image:image-20221009234703-2.png||height="328" width="899"]]

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[[image:image-20221009234629-1.png||height="390" width="577"]]

== 2.8 Alarm Mode ==

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User can push the (% style="color:red" %)**RED button**(%%) by more than 5 seconds to enter Alarm Mode.

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Once enter Alarm mode, the (% style="color:green" %)**GREEN LED**(%%) will flash 3 times, the buzzer will alarm for 5 seconds, then TrackerD will immediately send a packet without location info and then send a data packet with GPS positioning information. After that, the device will send 60 packets at 1-minute intervals. The Alarm flag in the payload will be set for the next 60 packets unless exits alert mode.

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Two ways to exit alarm mode:

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* Server sends a downlink command to exit.

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* User fast press the RED button 10 times.

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(((

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When exit alarm mode, (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will light up for 5 seconds, indicating that the alarm mode is exited. And the alert flag will be set to false.

)))

== 2.9 Transport Mode ==

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In Transport Mode, TrackerD will check if there is motion. If there is no motion, device will send uplinks every 20 minutes. If there is motion, device will send uplink every 5 minutes.

== 2.10 LED Status ==

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(% border="1.5" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:500px" %)

620

|=(% style="width: 150px;" %)**Event**|=(% style="width: 200px;" %)**Action**|=(% style="width: 150px;" %)**AT+LON to control on/off**

621

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Power On**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:blue" %)**BLUE, **(% style="color:red" %)**RED , **(% style="color:green" %)**Green** flash once|(% style="width:202px" %)N/A

622

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Join request**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:green" %)**Green** (%%)led fast blink once (200ms)|(% style="width:202px" %)Yes

623

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Join Success**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:green" %)**Green**(%%) led on 5 second|(% style="width:202px" %)N/A

624

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Fixing Location**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:blue" %)**BLUE **(%%)blinks 200ms per second|(% style="width:202px" %)Yes

625

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Fixed and uplink**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:green" %)**GREEN ***(%%)***blinks twice (200ms per blink)**|(% style="width:202px" %)Yes

626

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Fail Fix and uplink**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:red" %)**RED **(%%)blinks twice (200ms per blink)|(% style="width:202px" %)Yes

627

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Enter Alarm mode**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:red" %)**RED **(%%)on for 3 seconds|(% style="width:202px" %)Yes

628

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Uplink under Alarm**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:red" %)**RED **(%%)on for 1 second|(% style="width:202px" %)Yes

629

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Exit Alarm**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:blue" %)**BLUE **(%%)led on 5 second|(% style="width:202px" %)Yes

630

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Get Downlink**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:green" %)**GREEN**(%%) led on 1 second|(% style="width:202px" %)Yes

631

|(% style="width:157px" %)**Movement Detect**|(% style="width:271px" %)(% style="color:red" %)**RED **(%%)led on 500ms|(% style="width:202px" %)N/A

== 2.11 Button Function ==

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(% style="color:blue" %)**RESET button:**

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640

[[image:1664502835802-546.png]]

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Push this button will reboot the device. Device will exit alarm mode and re-join to LoRaWAN server.

643

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(% style="color:red" %)**RED button:**

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647

[[image:1664502854406-763.png]]

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(% border="1" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)

651

|=(% style="width: 100px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 205px;" %)**Action**|=(% style="width: 205px;" %)**Description**

652

|(% style="width:135px" %)Send Alarm|(% style="width:220px" %)Keep Pressing (% style="color:red" %)**RED**(%%) button for more than 5 seconds|(% style="width:265px" %)Enter Alarm Mode. See [[Alarm Mode>>||anchor="H2.6AlarmMode"]]

653

|(% style="width:135px" %)Exit Alarm Mode|(% style="width:220px" %)Fast press the (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (%%)button 10 times|(% style="width:265px" %)Exit Alarm Mode

654

|(% style="width:135px" %)Enter Deep Sleep Mode|(% style="width:220px" %)Press and hold the button for 10 seconds, then quickly press the device 3 times to enter deep sleep|(% style="width:265px" %)This is the mode ship out from factory. CPU will be complete in sleep mode and no LoRa activity, only use before deploy.

== 2.12 USB Port Function ==

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The USB interface of TrackerD has below functions:

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663

* Power on the device

664

* Recharge the battery

665

* [[Configure Device>>||anchor="H3.ConfigureTrackerDviaATcommandorLoRaWANdownlink"]]

666

* [[Upgrade Firmware>>||anchor="H5.UploadFirmware"]]

= 3. Configure TrackerD via AT command or LoRaWAN downlink =

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User can configure TrackerD via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.

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LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms: [[IoT LoRaWAN Server>>doc:Main.WebHome]]

== 3.1 Access AT Command ==

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TrackerD supports the AT command set in stock firmware. User can connect to TrackerD with TYPE-C cable to use AT commands as shown below.

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[[image:1664502999401-486.png]]

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In PC, User needs to set serial tool baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**115200**(%%) to access serial console for TrackerD. TrackerD will output system info once power on and user will be able to send AT commands:

689

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691

[[image:1664503022490-662.png]]

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[[image:1664503035713-500.png]]

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[[image:1664503047675-651.png]]

== 3.2 Command Set ==

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=== 3.2.1 Set Transmit Interval ===

705

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Set device uplink interval.

708

709

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

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711

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TDC=xxx **

712

713

Example: AT+TDC=300000. Means set interval to 5 minutes(300 seconds)

714

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716

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0x01):**

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718

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x01 00 01 2C** (%%) ~/~/ Same as AT+TDC=300000

=== 3.2.2 Set Alarm Packet transmission interval ===

723

724

725

Set alarm packet transmit interval

726

727

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

728

729

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ATDC=xx. **

730

731

Example: AT+ATDC=60000 **~-~-> ** Set Alarm Packet Interval to 60 seconds. TrackerD will send every 60 seconds in Alarm mode, Default Value: 60000

732

733

734

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0xB1):**

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736

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0xB1 00 00 3C ** (%%) ~/~/ Same as AT+ATDC=60000

=== 3.2.3 Set Transport Mode Packet transmission interval ===

741

742

743

Set Transport Mode packet transmit interval

744

745

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

746

747

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+MTDC=xx. **

748

749

Example: AT+MTDC=300000 **~-~-> ** Set Transport Mode Packet Interval to 300 seconds. TrackerD will send every 300 seconds in Transport mode, Default Value: 300000

750

751

752

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0x03):**

753

754

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x03 00 01 2C** (%%) ~/~/ Same as AT+ MTDC=3000000

=== 3.2.4 Exit Alarm ===

759

760

761

Server send downlink command to exit Alarm mode

762

763

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: No AT Command**

764

765

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0x02):**

766

767

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x02 01** (%%) ~/~/ Exit Alarm Mode

=== 3.2.5 Disable/Enable LED flash ===

772

773

774

Disable/Enable LED for position, downlink and uplink

775

776

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

777

778

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+LON=xx. (Disable (0), Enable (1), default:1)**

779

780

Example: AT+LON=0 **~-~-> ** Disable LED for position, downlink and uplink.

781

782

783

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0xAE):**

784

785

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0xAE 00 ** (%%) ~/~/ Same as AT+LON=0

=== 3.2.6 Disable/Enable Transport Mode ===

790

791

792

Users can use this feature to enable/disable Transport Mode.

793

794

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

795

796

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+INTWK=xx. (Disable (0), Enable (1), default:0)**

797

798

Example: AT+ INTWK =1 **~-~-> ** Enable Transport Mode.

799

800

801

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0xAF):**

802

803

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0xAF 01 ** (%%) ~/~/ Same as AT+ INTWK =1

=== 3.2.7 Set Positioning Mode ===

808

809

810

SMOD define how TrackerD scan and uplink data:

811

812

813

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

814

815

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SMOD=aa,bb,cc**

816

817

(% style="color:#037691" %)** aa:**

818

819

* (% style="color:red" %)**1: GPS ONLY(Factory Settings): **(%%)Only get and uplink GPS location info.

820

* (% style="color:red" %)**2: BLE or WiFi ONLY: **(%%)Only obtain iBeacon info via BLE and uplink or obtain WiFi ssid info via WiFi and uplink. Design for Indoor tracking.

821

* (% style="color:red" %)**3: GPS/BLE Hybrid: **(%%)Combination for Indoor and Outdoor tracking.Devices will try to search BLE iBeacon first. If device can't find the iBeacon, it will use GPS for positioning.

822

823

(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb:**

824

825

* (% style="color:red" %)**0 : **(%%)GPS+ BAT+ State+Tem&Hum

826

* (% style="color:red" %)**1 :**(%%) GPS +BAT State

827

828

(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc: **

829

830

* (% style="color:red" %)**1 : **(%%) (iBeacon)UUID+ Major + Minor+Power+Rssi+BAT+State

831

* (% style="color:red" %)**2 : **(%%) (WiFi)SSID+Rssi+BAT+State ((% style="color:#037691" %)V1.4.1 Version support this function later(%%))

832

833

(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**

834

835

AT+ SMOD =1,0,0 ~-~-> GPS+ BAT+ State+Tem&Hum

836

AT+ SMOD =1,1,0 ~-~-> GPS +BAT State

837

AT+ SMOD =2,0,1 ~-~-> (iBeacon)UUID+ Major + Minor+Power+Rssi+BAT+State

838

AT+ SMOD =2,0,2 ~-~-> (WiFi)SSID+Rssi+BAT+State

839

840

841

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0xA5):**

842

843

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0xA5 01 00 00** (%%) ~/~/ Same as AT+ SMOD =1,0,0

=== 3.2.8 Set MAX GPS position time ===

848

849

850

Set max positioning time, default is 150 seconds. TrackerD will try to get location info within this period. If fail to get position data within this time, TrackerD will use 000000 for latitude and longitude.

851

852

853

If AT+FTIME=0. The GPS module will be always powered and positioning. This will highly increase the power consumption (up to 50mA). When AT+FTIME=0, it will improve fix accuracy and shorten the acquire time for next uplink.

854

855

856

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

857

858

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+FTIME=xx** (%%) **~-~-> ** Set to use xx as max fix time.

859

860

**Example:** AT+FTIME=150

861

862

863

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0xAA):**

864

865

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0xAA 00 96 ** (%%) ~/~/ Set AT+FTIME=150

=== 3.2.9 Set PDOP value for GPS fix accuracy ===

870

871

872

PDOP(Position Dilution of Precision) filter, TrackerD will only accept GPS data with a lower PDOP value than pre-configure PDOP value. If device can't get a valid GPS packet within FTIME timeout, it will use the GPS data with lowest PDOP value to server.

873

874

875

A GPS packet with lower PDOP has higher accuracy. PDOP default value is 2.0

876

877

878

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

879

880

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+PDOP=2.5 ** (%%) **~-~-> ** Set PDOP to 2.5

881

882

883

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0xAD):**

884

885

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0xAD 00 0A** (%%) ~/~/ Set AT+PDOP=1 (0x0A / 10 =1)

886

887

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0xAD 00 19** (%%) ~/~/ Set AT+PDOP=2.5 (0x19 / 10 =2.5)

888

889

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0xAD 00 46** (%%) ~/~/ Set AT+PDOP=7 (0x46 / 10 =7)

Disable/Enable the confirmation mode

894

895

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

896

897

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+CFM=xx**

**~ Example:**

AT+ CFM=0 **~-~-> ** Disable confirmation

903

904

AT+ CFM=1 **~-~-> ** Enable confirmation

905

906

907

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload (prefix 0x05):**

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909

(% style="color:#037691" %)**0x05 01 **(%%) ~/~/ Same as AT+ SMOD =1

=== 3.2.10 Auto Send None-ACK messages ===

914

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916

TrackerD will wait for ACK for each uplink, If TrackerD doesn't get ACK from the IoT server, it will consider the message doesn't arrive server and store it. TrackerD keeps sending messages in normal periodically. Once TrackerD gets ACK from a server, it will consider the network is ok and start to send the not-arrive message.

917

918

919

* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+PNACKMD**

920

921

The default factory setting is 0.

922

923

924

**Command Example Function Response:**

925

926

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+PNACKMD=1** (%%) ~/~/ Poll None-ACK message OK

927

928

929

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x34**

930

931

Example: 0x3401 ~/~/ Same as AT+PNACKMD=1

=== 3.2.11 Set BLEMASK to filter BLE iBeacon ===

936

937

938

BLEMASK is to filter the unwanted BLE iBeacons during scan. For example, if BLEMASK is 123456. TrackerD will only uplink UUID info which includes 123456. It will ignore all other iBeacons which doesn’t contact 123456 in the UUID.

939

940

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: BLEMASK range is 6 ~~ 10 bytes. If AT+BLEMASK < 6 bytes, BLEMASK will be disabled.**

941

942

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

943

944

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+BLEMASK=123456** (%%) ~/~/ Set BLEMASK = 123456

945

946

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+BLEMASK=0** (%%) ~/~/ disable BLEMASK

947

948

949

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload: (Prefix : 0xA5)**

950

951

Example: 0xA5010203040506 ~/~/ Set BLEMASK to 123456

952

953

954

=== 3.2.12 Set WiFIMASK to filter WiFi SSID ===

955

956

957

WiFiMASK is to filter the unwanted WiFi SSID during scan. For example, if WiFiMASK is 123456. TrackerD will only uplink SSID info which includes 123456. It will ignore all other WiFi which doesn’t contact 123456 in the SSID.

958

959

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: WiFiMASK range is 6 ~~ 10 bytes. If AT+ WiFiMASK < 6 bytes, WiFiMASK will be disabled.**

960

961

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

962

963

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ WiFiMASK =123456** (%%) ~/~/ Set WiFiMASK = 123456

964

965

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ WiFiMASK =0** (%%) ~/~/ disable WiFiMASK

966

967

968

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload: (Prefix : 0xA5)**

969

970

Example: 0xA5010203040506 ~/~/ Set WiFiMASK to 123456

971

972

973

=== 3.2.13 Disable/Enable Information printing ===

974

975

976

Users can use this feature to enable/disable Information printing.

977

978

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

979

980

981

(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+ SHOWID=XX **(%%) ~/~/(Disable (0), Enable (1), default:0)

982

983

Example: AT+ SHOWID =1 ~-~-> Enable Information printing.

984

985

986

= 4. Setting for Different Scenarios =

= 5. Upload Firmware =

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992

993

== 5.1 Firmware Change Log ==

994

995

996

**[[See this link>>url:https://github.com/dragino/TrackerD]]**

== 5.2 How to upgrade firmware ==

1001

1002

1003

User can use the TrackerD's USB port to upgrade firmware into it. The hardware connection for upgrade firmware is as below:

1004

1005

1006

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step1: **(%%)Connect TrackerD and PC via USB cable shipped with TrackerD.

1007

1008

1009

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step2:** (%%) Install CH9102 driver in the PC.

1010

1011

After installation of the driver and plug in TrackerD, user should be able to see com port in PC's device manager.

1012

1013

1014

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step3: **(%%)Download and Install Flash Tool: [[https:~~/~~/www.espressif.com.cn/en/support/download/other-tools?keys=Flash%2BDownload%2BTools>>url:https://www.espressif.com.cn/en/support/download/other-tools?keys=Flash%2BDownload%2BTools]]

1015

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1017

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step4:** (%%) Run Flash Download Tool and configure chip type to ESP32

1018

1019

1020

[[image:1664503563660-578.png]]

1021

1022

1023

[[image:1664503574618-659.png]]

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step5:** (%%) Select the firmware file (.bin format), com port and proper SPI configure. Clink Start. Bin file location:

1028

1029

[[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/TrackerD/releases>>https://github.com/dragino/TrackerD/releases]]

1030

1031

1032

Users need to use below files:

boot_app0.bin @0e000

ESP_LORA-eeprom-class.bin @ 0x10000

1037

1038

1039

[[image:1664503593459-435.png]]

After upgrade finish, it will show finish as below:

1044

1045

[[image:1664503611848-385.png]]

= 6. Developer Guide =

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1052

== 6.1 Compile Source Code ==

1053

1054

1055

=== 6.1.1 Set up ARDUINO compile environment ===

1056

1057

1058

* **Download the latest Arduino software (IDE) from the Arduino official website: [[https:~~/~~/www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software>>url:https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software]]**

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1060

Install IDE on PC, open and click (% style="color:#037691" %)**File ~-~-> Preference**,(%%) add the following URL: [[https:~~/~~/dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json>>url:https://links.jianshu.com/go?to=https%3A%2F%2Fdl.espressif.com%2Fdl%2Fpackage_esp32_index.json]]

1061

1062

1063

[[image:1664503635019-941.png]]

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Go to tools ~-~-> Boards ~-~-> Boards Manager**,(%%) **find the esp32 information and install it.**

1068

1069

[[image:1664503715811-892.png]]

1070

1071

1072

(% id="cke_bm_4554S" style="display:none" %) (%%)Find the path of SP32 installation, find the file as shown in Figure 1, and change the SPI pin to the shown in Figure 2.

1073

1074

[[image:image-20221024105643-1.png]]

**~ Figure1**

[[image:image-20221024105643-2.png]]

**Figure2**

* **Download the latest TrackerD from the dragino github: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/TrackerD>>url:https://github.com/dragino/TrackerD]]**

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1086

Put the Library in the TrackerD directory into the libraries file in the Arduino directory:

1087

1088

1089

[[image:1664503752288-974.png]]

== 6.2 Source Code ==

1094

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**Open the example in the TrackerD file, please select the correct port in the IDE, as shown below:**

1097

1098

[[image:1664503794261-827.png]]

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Click to upload**

1103

1104

[[image:1664503808294-336.png]]

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Check the result, if the upload is successful, as shown below, open the serial port to view the data**

1109

1110

[[image:1664503824081-592.png]] [[image:1664503831430-500.png]]

= 7. FAQ =

== 7.1 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==

1118

1119

1120

User can follow the introduction for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H5.UploadFirmware"]]. When download the images, choose the required image file for download.

== 7.2 What is the pin mapping for the USB program cable? ==

1125

1126

1127

[[image:1664499635206-262.png]]

(% border="1.5" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:314px" %)

1132

|=(% style="width: 118px;" %)**Pin**|=(% style="width: 67px;" %)**Color**|=(% style="width: 123px;" %)**USB Pin**

1133

|(% style="width:118px" %)A4,B4,A9,B9|(% style="width:67px" %)Red|(% style="width:123px" %)VCC

1134

|(% style="width:118px" %)A7,B7|(% style="width:67px" %)White|(% style="width:123px" %)D- (N/A)

1135

|(% style="width:118px" %)A6,B6|(% style="width:67px" %)Green|(% style="width:123px" %)D+(N/A)

1136

|(% style="width:118px" %)A1,B1,A12,B12|(% style="width:67px" %)Black|(% style="width:123px" %)GND

1137

|(% style="width:118px" %)A5|(% style="width:67px" %)Purple|(% style="width:123px" %)MTDC/GOIO13

1138

|(% style="width:118px" %)B5|(% style="width:67px" %)Blue|(% style="width:123px" %)MTDC/GPIO12

1139

|(% style="width:118px" %)A8|(% style="width:67px" %)Yellow|(% style="width:123px" %)MTMS/GPIO14

1140

|(% style="width:118px" %)B8|(% style="width:67px" %)Grey|(% style="width:123px" %)MTDO/GPIO15

1141

1142

1143

== 7.3 Notes on using different serial port tools for TrackerD ==

1144

1145

1146

=== **Serial port utility** ===

1147

1148

1149

Serial port utility requires you to automatically add data streams.

1150

1151

Need to adjust the data stream to RTS/CTS on physical restart.

1152

1153

1154

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

1155

[[image:image-20221102140621-1.png]]

1156

1157

1158

When using AT commands, the data flow needs to be adjusted to XON/XOFF

1159

1160

1161

[[image:image-20221102140638-2.png]]

=== **SecureCRT** ===

1166

1167

1168

The default command window of SecureCRT is not displayed. Entering a command requires a complete input of the entire command. You can open the command window in the view.

1169

1170

1171

[[image:image-20221102140704-3.png]]

1172

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[[image:image-20221102140712-4.png]]

=== **PUTTY** ===

[[image:image-20221102140748-5.png]]

1182

1183

1184

Since putty does not have a command window, you need to fill in the complete command externally, and then copy it to putty.The information copied outside can be pasted by right-clicking the mouse in putty.

1185

1186

1187

[[image:image-20221102140801-6.png]]

= 8. Order Info =

Part Number: (% style="color:blue" %)**TrackerD-XXX**

1195

1196

(% style="color:blue" %)**XXX**(%%): The default frequency band

1197

1198

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): Default frequency band EU433

1199

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): Default frequency band EU868

1200

* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): Default frequency band IN865

1201

* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): Default frequency band KR920

1202

* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): Default frequency band AS923

1203

* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): Default frequency band AU915

1204

* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): Default frequency band US915

= 9. Packing Info =

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:

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* TrackerD LoRaWAN GPS/BLE Tracker x 1

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* USB recharge & program cable x 1

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimensions and Weight**:

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* Device Size: 85 x 48 x 15 mm

* Weight: 50g

= 10. Support =

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

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* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].

= 11. Reference =

* [[**Firmware in Bin format**>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/733s8xlwahhqg1d/AABxDz80lBVX_to8zNuUQWFja?dl=0]]

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* **[[Source Code>>https://github.com/dragino/TrackerD]] **

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* [[**Hardware Source**>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/orwoy6cecb89m4e/AAD37sRuUrvKsHgAJxuVTkB5a?dl=0]]

Wiki source code of TrackerD -LoRaWAN Tracker User Manual

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