SDI-12-LB -- SDI-12 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual

The Dragino (% style="color:blue" %)**SDI-12-LB**(%%) is a (% style="color:blue" %)**SDI-12 to LoRaWAN Converter **(%%)designed for Smart Agriculture solution.

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SDI-12 (Serial Digital Interface at 1200 baud) is an asynchronous [[serial communications>>url:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_communication]] protocol for intelligent sensors that monitor environment data. SDI-12 protocol is widely used in Agriculture sensor and Weather Station sensors.

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SDI-12-LB has SDI-12 interface and support 12v output to power external SDI-12 sensor. It can get the environment data from SDI-12 sensor and sends out the data via LoRaWAN wireless protocol.

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The LoRa wireless technology used in SDI-12-LB allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.

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SDI-12-LB is powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), it is designed for long term use up to 5 years.

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Each SDI-12-LB is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.

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[[image:image-20230201084414-1.png||height="464" width="1108"]]

== 1.2 Features ==

* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A

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* Ultra-low power consumption

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* Controllable 3.3v, 5v and 12v output to power external sensor

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* SDI-12 Protocol to connect to SDI-12 Sensor

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* Monitor Battery Level

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* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865

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* Support Bluetooth v5.1 and LoRaWAN remote configure.

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* Support wireless OTA update firmware

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* Uplink on periodically

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* Downlink to change configure

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* 8500mAh Battery for long term use

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== 1.3 Specification ==

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Micro Controller:**

* MCU: 48Mhz ARM

* Flash: 256KB

* RAM: 64KB

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**

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* Supply Voltage: 2.5v ~~ 3.6v

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* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**

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* Frequency Range, Band 1 (HF): 862 ~~ 1020 Mhz

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* Max +22 dBm constant RF output vs.

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* RX sensitivity: down to -139 dBm.

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* Excellent blocking immunity

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Current Input Measuring :**

* Range: 0 ~~ 20mA

* Accuracy: 0.02mA

* Resolution: 0.001mA

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Voltage Input Measuring:**

* Range: 0 ~~ 30v

* Accuracy: 0.02v

* Resolution: 0.001v

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Battery:**

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* Li/SOCI2 un-chargeable battery

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* Capacity: 8500mAh

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* Self-Discharge: <1% / Year @ 25°C

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* Max continuously current: 130mA

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* Max boost current: 2A, 1 second

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Power Consumption**

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* Sleep Mode: 5uA @ 3.3v

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* LoRa Transmit Mode: 125mA @ 20dBm, 82mA @ 14dBm

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== 1.4 Connect to SDI-12 Sensor ==

[[image:1675212538524-889.png]]

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== 1.5 Sleep mode and working mode ==

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Deep Sleep Mode: **(%%)Sensor doesn't have any LoRaWAN activate. This mode is used for storage and shipping to save battery life.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Working Mode: **(%%)In this mode, Sensor will work as LoRaWAN Sensor to Join LoRaWAN network and send out sensor data to server. Between each sampling/tx/rx periodically, sensor will be in IDLE mode), in IDLE mode, sensor has the same power consumption as Deep Sleep mode.

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== 1.6 Button & LEDs ==

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[[image:1675212633011-651.png]]

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(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:510px" %)

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|=(% style="width: 167px;" %)**Behavior on ACT**|=(% style="width: 109px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 231px;" %)**Action**

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|(% style="width:167px" %)Pressing ACT between 1s < time < 3s|(% style="width:109px" %)Send an uplink|(% style="width:231px" %)(((

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If sensor is already Joined to LoRaWAN network, sensor will send an uplink packet, (% style="color:blue" %)**blue led** (%%)will blink once.

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Meanwhile, BLE module will be active and user can connect via BLE to configure device.

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|(% style="width:167px" %)Pressing ACT for more than 3s|(% style="width:109px" %)Active Device|(% style="width:231px" %)(((

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(% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will fast blink 5 times, device will enter (% style="color:#037691" %)**OTA mode**(%%) for 3 seconds. And then start to JOIN LoRaWAN network.

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(% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will solidly turn on for 5 seconds after joined in network.

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Once sensor is active, BLE module will be active and user can connect via BLE to configure device, no matter if device join or not join LoRaWAN network.

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|(% style="width:167px" %)Fast press ACT 5 times.|(% style="width:109px" %)Deactivate Device|(% style="width:231px" %)(% style="color:red" %)**Red led**(%%) will solid on for 5 seconds. Means SDI-12-LB is in Deep Sleep Mode.

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== 1.7 Pin Mapping ==

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[[image:1675213198663-754.png]]

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== 1.8 BLE connection ==

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SDI-12-LB support BLE remote configure.

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BLE can be used to configure the parameter of sensor or see the console output from sensor. BLE will be only activate on below case:

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* Press button to send an uplink

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* Press button to active device.

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* Device Power on or reset.

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If there is no activity connection on BLE in 60 seconds, sensor will shut down BLE module to enter low power mode.

== 1.9 Mechanical ==

[[image:image-20230201090139-2.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201090139-3.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201090139-4.png]]

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= 2. Configure SDI-12 to connect to LoRaWAN network =

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== 2.1 How it works ==

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The SDI-12-LB is configured as (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRaWAN OTAA Class A**(%%) mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and activate the SDI-12-LB. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value. The default uplink interval is 20 minutes.

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== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==

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Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LPS8v2>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/228-lps8v2.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.

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[[image:image-20230201090528-5.png||height="465" width="1111"]]

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The LPS8V2 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from SDI-12-LB.

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Each SDI-12-LB is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:

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[[image:image-20230201152430-20.jpeg]]

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You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Register the device**

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[[image:1675213652444-622.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Add APP EUI and DEV EUI**

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[[image:1675213661769-223.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Add APP EUI in the application**

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[[image:1675213675852-577.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Add APP KEY**

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[[image:1675213686734-883.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Activate on SDI-12-LB

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Press the button for 5 seconds to activate the SDI-12-LB.

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(% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will fast blink 5 times, device will enter (% style="color:blue" %)**OTA mode** (%%)for 3 seconds. And then start to JOIN LoRaWAN network. (% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will solidly turn on for 5 seconds after joined in network.

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[[image:1675213704414-644.png]]

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== 2.3 SDI-12 Related Commands ==

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User need to configure SDI-12-LB to communicate with SDI-12 sensors otherwise the uplink payload will only include a few bytes.

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=== 2.3.1 Basic SDI-12 debug command ===

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User can run some basic SDI-12 command to debug the connection to the SDI-12 sensor. These commands can be sent via AT Command or LoRaWAN downlink command.

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If SDI-12 sensor return value after get these commands, //SDI-12-LB// will uplink the return on FPORT=100, otherwise, if there is no response from SDI-12 sensor. //SDI-12-LB// will uplink NULL (0x 4E 55 4C 4C) to server.

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201091027-6.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201091027-7.png||height="261" width="1179"]]

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**al! ~-~- Get SDI-12 sensor Identification**(%%) ====

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* AT Command: AT+ADDRI=aa

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* LoRaWAN Downlink(prefix 0xAA00): AA 00 aa

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Parameter: **(%%)aa: ASCII value of SDI-12 sensor address in downlink or HEX value in AT Command)

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Example : **(%%)AT+ADDRI=0 ( Equal to downlink: 0x AA 00 30)

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201091257-8.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201091257-9.png||height="225" width="1242"]]

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**aM!,aMC!, aM1!- aM9!, aMC1!- aMC9!**(%%) ====

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(% style="color:red" %)**aM! **(%%): Start Non-Concurrent Measurement

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(% style="color:red" %)**aMC! **(%%): Start Non-Concurrent Measurement – Request CRC

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(% style="color:red" %)**aM1!- aM9! **(%%): Additional Measurements

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(% style="color:red" %)**aMC1!- aMC9!**(%%) : Additional Measurements – Request CRC

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* AT Command : AT+ADDRM=0,1,0,1

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* LoRaWAN Downlink(prefix 0xAA01): 0xAA 01 30 01 00 01

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Downlink：AA 01 aa bb cc dd

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**aa**(%%): SDI-12 sensor address.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb**(%%): 0: no CRC, 1: request CRC

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc**(%%): 1-9: Additional Measurement, 0: no additional measurement

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**dd**(%%): delay (in second) to send (% style="color:#037691" %)__**aD0!**__(%%) to get return.

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201091630-10.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201091630-11.png||height="247" width="1165"]]

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**aC!, aCC!, aC1!- aC9!, aCC1!- aCC9! **(%%) ====

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(% style="color:red" %)**aC!**(%%) : Start Concurrent Measurement

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(% style="color:red" %)**aCC!** (%%): Start Concurrent Measurement – Request CRC

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(% style="color:red" %)**aC1!- aC9!**(%%) : Start Additional Concurrent Measurements

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(% style="color:red" %)**aCC1!- aCC9!**(%%) : Start Additional Concurrent Measurements – Request CRC

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* AT Command : AT+ADDRC=0,1,0,1

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* LoRaWAN Downlink(0xAA02): 0xAA 02 30 01 00 01

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Downlink: AA 02 aa bb cc dd

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**aa**(%%): SDI-12 sensor address.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb**(%%): 0: no CRC, 1: request CRC

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc**(%%): 1-9: Additional Measurement, 0: no additional measurement

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**dd**(%%): delay (in second) to send (% style="color:#037691" %)__**aD0!**__(%%)__ __to get return.

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201091954-12.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201091954-13.png||height="203" width="1117"]]

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**aR0!- aR9!, aRC0!- aRC9!**(%%) ====

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Start Continuous Measurement

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Start Continuous Measurement – Request CRC

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* AT Command : AT+ADDRR=0,1,0,1

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* LoRaWAN Downlink (0xAA 03): 0xAA 03 30 01 00 01

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Downlink: AA 03 aa bb cc dd

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**aa**(%%): SDI-12 sensor address.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb**(%%): 0: no CRC, 1: request CRC

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc**(%%): 1-9: Additional Measurement, 0: no additional measurement

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**dd**(%%): delay (in second) to send (% style="color:#037691" %)__**aD0!**__(%%) to get return.

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201092208-14.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201092208-15.png||height="214" width="1140"]]

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=== 2.3.2 Advance SDI-12 Debug command ===

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This command can be used to debug all SDI-12 command.

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LoRaWAN Downlink: A8 aa xx xx xx xx bb cc

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**aa **(%%): total SDI-12 command length

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**xx **(%%): SDI-12 command

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb **(%%): Delay to wait for return

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc **(%%): 0: don't uplink return to LoRaWAN, 1: Uplink return to LoRaWAN on FPORT=100

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Example: **(%%) AT+CFGDEV =0RC0!,1

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**0RC0! **(%%): SDI-12 Command,

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**1 **(%%): Delay 1 second. ( 0: 810 mini-second)

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Equal Downlink: 0xA8 05 30 52 43 30 21 01 01

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201092355-16.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201092355-17.png||height="426" width="1135"]]

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=== 2.3.3 Convert ASCII to String ===

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This command is used to convert between ASCII and String format.

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AT+CONVFORM ( Max length: 80 bytes)

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**

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1) AT+CONVFORM=0, string Convert String from String to ASCII

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[[image:1675214845056-885.png]]

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2) AT+CONVFORM=1, ASCII Convert ASCII to String.

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[[image:1675214856590-846.png]]

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=== 2.3.4 Define periodically SDI-12 commands and uplink. ===

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AT+COMMANDx & AT+DATACUTx

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User can define max 15 SDI-12 Commands (AT+COMMAND1 ~~ AT+COMMANDF). On each uplink period (TDC time, default 20 minutes), SDI-12-LB will send these SDI-12 commands and wait for return from SDI-12 sensors. SDI-12-LB will then combine these returns and uplink via LoRaWAN.

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+COMMANDx=var1,var2,var3,var4.**

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(% style="color:red" %)**var1**(%%): SDI-12 command , for example: 0RC0!

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(% style="color:red" %)**var2**(%%): Wait timeout for return. (unit: second)

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(% style="color:red" %)**var3**(%%): Whether to send //addrD0!// to get return after var2 timeout. 0: Don't Send //addrD0! //; 1: Send //addrD0!//.

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(% style="color:red" %)**var4**(%%): validation check for return. If return invalid, SDI-12-LB will resend this command. Max 3 retries.

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(% style="color:red" %)**0 **(%%) No validation check;

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(% style="color:red" %)**1** (%%) Check if return chars are printable char(0x20 ~~ 0x7E);

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(% style="color:red" %)**2**(%%) Check if there is return from SDI-12 sensor

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(% style="color:red" %)**3** (%%) Check if return pass CRC check ( SDI-12 command var1 must include CRC request);

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Each AT+COMMANDx is followed by a (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DATACUT**(%%) command. AT+DATACUT command is used to take the useful string from the SDI-12 sensor so the final payload will have the minimum length to uplink.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DATACUTx**(%%) : This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 100 bytes.

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(% border="1" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:436px" %)

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|(% style="width:433px" %)(((

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**AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c**

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**a**: length for the return of AT+COMMAND

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**b**: 1: grab valid value by byte, max 6 bytes. 2: grab valid value by bytes section, max 3 sections.

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**c**: define the position for valid value.

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For example, if return from AT+COMMAND1 is “013METER TER12 112T12-00024895<CR><LF>” , Below AT+DATACUT1 will get different result to combine payload:

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(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)

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|=(% style="width: 164px;" %)**AT+DATACUT1 value**|=(% style="width: 344px;" %)**Final Result to combine Payload**

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|(% style="width:164px" %)34,1,1+2+3|(% style="width:344px" %)0D 00 01 30 31 33

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|(% style="width:164px" %)34,2,1~~8+12~~16|(% style="width:344px" %)0D 00 01 30 31 33 4D 45 54 45 52 54 45 52 31 32

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|(% style="width:164px" %)34,2,1~~34|(% style="width:344px" %)0D 00 01 30 31 33 4D 45 54 45 52 20 20 20 54 45 52 31 32 20 31 31 32 54 31 32 2D 30 30 30 32 34 38 39 35 0D 0A

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* (% style="color:blue" %)** Downlink Payload:**

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(% style="color:blue" %)**0xAF**(%%) downlink command can be used to set AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx.

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(% style="color:red" %)**Note : if user use AT+COMMANDx to add a new command, he also need to send AT+DATACUTx downlink.**

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Format: ** (% style="color:#037691" %)AF MM NN LL XX XX XX XX YY(%%)**

Where:

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**MM **(%%): the AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT to be set. Value from 01 ~~ 0F,

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**NN **(%%): 1: set the AT+COMMAND value ; 2: set the AT+DATACUT value.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**LL **(%%): The length of AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**XX XX XX XX **(%%): AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**YY **(%%): If YY=0, SDI-12-LB will execute the downlink command without uplink; if YY=1, SDI-12-LB will execute an uplink after got this command.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**

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[[image:image-20230201094129-18.png]]

(% style="color:blue" %)**Clear SDI12 Command**

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The AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx settings are stored in special location, user can use below command to clear them.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CMDEAR=mm,nn** (%%) mm: start position of erase ,nn: stop position of erase

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Etc. AT+CMDEAR=1,10 means erase AT+COMMAND1/AT+DATACUT1 to AT+COMMAND10/AT+DATACUT10

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**0x09 aa bb**(%%) same as AT+CMDEAR=aa,bb

(% style="color:blue" %)**command combination**

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Below shows a screen shot how the results combines together to a uplink payload.

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[[image:1675215745275-920.png]]

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If user don't want to use DATACUT for some command, he simply want to uplink all returns. AT+ALLDATAMOD can be set to 1.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+ALLDATAMOD**(%%) will simply get all return and don't do CRC check as result for SDI-12 command. AT+DATACUTx command has higher priority, if AT+DATACUTx has been set, AT+ALLDATAMOD will be ignore for this SDI-12 command.

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**For example: **(%%) as below photo, AT+ALLDATAMOD=1, but AT+DATACUT1 has been set, AT+DATACUT1 will be still effect the result.

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[[image:1675215782925-448.png]]

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If AT+ALLDATAMOD=1, (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**FX,X**(%%) will be added in the payload, FX specify which command is used and X specify the length of return. for example in above screen, F1 05 means the return is from AT+COMMAND1 and the return is 5 bytes.

(% style="color:blue" %)**Compose Uplink**

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+DATAUP=0**

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Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **__A SIGNLE UPLINK__**.

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Final Payload is **__Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx__**

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Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot.

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[[image:1675215828102-844.png]]

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+DATAUP=1**

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Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with **__Multiply UPLINKs__**.

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Final Payload is __**Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA**__

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1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage

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1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER

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1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.

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1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)

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1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes

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[[image:1675215848113-696.png]]

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(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:**

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* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)

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* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).

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* For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).

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* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).

600

601

(% style="color:red" %)**When AT+DATAUP=1, the maximum number of segments is 15, and the maximum total number of bytes is 1500;**

602

603

(% style="color:red" %)**When AT+DATAUP=1 and AT+ADR=0, the maximum number of bytes of each payload is determined by the DR value.**

604

605

606

== 2.4 Uplink Payload ==

607

608

=== 2.4.1 Device Payload, FPORT~=5 ===

609

610

611

Include device configure status. Once SDI-12-LB Joined the network, it will uplink this message to the server.

612

613

Users can also use the downlink command(0x26 01) to ask SDI-12-LB to resend this uplink.

614

615

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:420px" %)

616

|(% colspan="6" style="width:434px" %)**Device Status (FPORT=5)**

Example parse in TTNv3

621

622

[[image:1675215946738-635.png]]

623

624

625

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Model**(%%): For SDI-12-LB, this value is 0x17

626

627

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Firmware Version**(%%): 0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version

628

629

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band**:

*0x01: EU868

*0x02: US915

*0x03: IN865

*0x04: AU915

*0x05: KZ865

*0x06: RU864

*0x07: AS923

*0x08: AS923-1

*0x09: AS923-2

*0x0a: AS923-3

*0x0b: CN470

*0x0c: EU433

*0x0d: KR920

*0x0e: MA869

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Sub-Band**:

661

662

AU915 and US915:value 0x00 ~~ 0x08

663

664

CN470: value 0x0B ~~ 0x0C

665

666

Other Bands: Always 0x00

667

668

669

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Battery Info**:

670

671

Check the battery voltage.

Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV

Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV

=== 2.4.2 Uplink Payload, FPORT~=2 ===

679

680

681

There are different cases for uplink. See below

682

683

* SDI-12 Debug Command return: FPORT=100

684

685

* Periodically Uplink: FPORT=2

686

687

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:500px" %)

688

|=(% style="width: 90px;" %)(((

689

**Size(bytes)**

690

)))|=(% style="width: 80px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 90px;" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 240px;" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands**

691

|(% style="width:93px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:83px" %)(((

Battery(mV)

&

Interrupt_Flag

)))|(% style="width:91px" %)[[PAYLOAD_VER>>||anchor="H3.6Setthepayloadversion"]]|(% style="width:212px" %)(((

696

If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support.

697

Payload length in server,server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.

698

)))

699

700

[[image:1675216282284-923.png]]

701

702

703

=== 2.4.3 Battery Info ===

704

705

706

Check the battery voltage for SDI-12-LB.

Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV

Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV

=== 2.4.4 Interrupt Pin ===

714

715

716

This data field shows if this packet is generated by (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interrupt Pin**(%%) or not. [[Click here>>||anchor="H3.2SetInterruptMode"]] for the hardware and software set up. Note: The Internet Pin is a separate pin in the screw terminal. See [[pin mapping>>||anchor="H1.7PinMapping"]].

**Example:**

Ex1: 0x0B45:0x0B&0x80= 0x00 Normal uplink packet.

721

722

Ex2: 0x8B49:0x8B&0x80= 0x80 Interrupt Uplink Packet.

723

724

725

=== 2.4.5 Payload version ===

726

727

The version number of the payload, mainly used for decoding. The default is 01.

728

729

730

=== 2.4.6 Decode payload in The Things Network ===

731

732

733

While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.

734

735

[[image:1675216779406-595.png]]

736

737

738

There is no fix payload decoder in LoRaWAN server because the SDI-12 sensors returns are different. User need to write the decoder themselves for their case.

739

740

SDI-12-LB TTN Payload Decoder: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder]]

741

742

743

== 2.5 Uplink Interval ==

744

745

746

The SDI-12-LB by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:

747

748

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/#H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/#H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval]]]]

749

750

751

== 2.6 Examples To Set SDI commands. ==

752

753

=== 2.6.1 Examples 1 ===

754

755

COM port and SDI-12 sensor communication converted to SDI-12-LB and SDI-12 sensor communication.

756

757

[[image:image-20230222143809-1.png||height="564" width="729"]]

758

759

1)The AT+COMMANDx command is applied to the red arrow part, and sends the SDI12 command to the SDI12 sensor:

760

761

a.Send the first command and get the first reply：

762

763

AT+COMMANDx=1I!,0,0,1

764

765

b.Send the second command and get the second reply：

766

767

AT+COMMANDx=2I!,0,0,1

768

769

c.Send the third command and get the third reply：

770

771

AT+COMMANDx=3I!,0,0,1

772

773

d.Send the fourth command and get the fourth reply：

774

775

AT+COMMANDx=4I!,0,0,1

776

777

e.Send the fifth command plus the sixth command, get the sixth reply：

778

779

AT+COMMANDx=1M!,2,1,1

780

781

f.Send the seventh command plus the eighth command, get the eighth reply：

782

783

AT+COMMANDx=2M!,2,1,1

784

785

g.Send the ninth command plus the tenth command, get the tenth reply：

786

787

AT+COMMANDx=3M!,1,1,1

788

789

h.Send the eleventh command plus the twelfth command, get the twelfth reply：

790

791

AT+COMMANDx=4M!,1,1,1

792

793

794

2) The AT+DATACUTx command is applied to the green arrow part, receiving and cut out data from the SDI12 sensor：

795

796

a.The first reply, all 34 characters: ”113TRUEBNERSMT100038220303182331<CR><LF>”

797

798

Cut out all characters: AT+ALLDATAMOD=1 or AT+DATACUTx=34,2,1~~34;

799

800

b. The sixth reply, all 31 characters：”1+19210+1.04+0.00+22.49+11.75<CR><LF>”

801

802

Cut out all characters: AT+ALLDATAMOD=1 or AT+DATACUTx=31,2,1~~31;

803

804

c. The eighth reply, all 31 characters：”2+18990+1.08+0.00+22.24+11.80<CR><LF>”

805

806

Cut out all characters: AT+ALLDATAMOD=1 or AT+DATACUTx=31,2,1~~31;

807

808

d. The tenth reply, all 15 characters：”3-2919.8+24.0<CR><LF>”

809

810

Cut out all characters: AT+ALLDATAMOD=1 or AT+DATACUTx=15,2,1~~15;

811

812

e. The twelfth reply, all 25 characters：”4+30.8+22.84+4.7+954.38<CR><LF>”

813

814

Partial cut, the cut sensor address and the first two parameters：AT+DATACUTx=25,2,1~~12, cut out the character field ” 4+30.8+22.84”.

== ==

== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==

819

820

821

The SDI-12-LB uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.

822

823

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20Frequency%20Band/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20Frequency%20Band/]]

824

825

826

== 2.8 Firmware Change Log ==

827

828

829

**Firmware download link:**

830

831

[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/qrbgbikb109lkiv/AACBR-v_ZhZAMengcY7Nsa1ja?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qrbgbikb109lkiv/AACBR-v_ZhZAMengcY7Nsa1ja?dl=0]]

832

833

834

= 3. Configure SDI-12-LB via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink =

835

836

837

Use can configure SDI-12-LB via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.

838

839

* AT Command Connection: See [[FAQ>>||anchor="H7.FAQ"]].

840

* LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms: See [[IoT LoRaWAN Server>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/]] section.

841

842

There are two kinds of commands to configure SDI-12-LB, they are:

843

844

* (% style="color:blue" %)**General Commands**.

845

846

These commands are to configure:

847

848

* General system settings like: uplink interval.

849

* LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.

850

851

They are same for all Dragino Device which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack. These commands can be found on the wiki:

852

853

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/]]

854

855

856

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Commands special design for SDI-12-LB**

857

858

These commands only valid for SDI-12-LB, as below:

859

860

861

== 3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time ==

862

863

864

Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.

865

866

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+TDC**

867

868

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:510px" %)

869

|=(% style="width: 156px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 137px;" %)**Function**|=**Response**

870

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+TDC=?|(% style="width:137px" %)Show current transmit Interval|(((

871

30000

872

OK

873

the interval is 30000ms = 30s

874

)))

875

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+TDC=60000|(% style="width:137px" %)Set Transmit Interval|(((

876

OK

877

Set transmit interval to 60000ms = 60 seconds

878

)))

879

880

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x01**

881

882

883

Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.

884

885

If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.

886

887

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds

888

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds

889

890

== 3.2 Set Interrupt Mode ==

891

892

893

Feature, Set Interrupt mode for GPIO_EXIT.

894

895

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+INTMOD**

896

897

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:510px" %)

898

|=(% style="width: 156px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 187px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 165px;" %)**Response**

899

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+INTMOD=?|(% style="width:187px" %)Show current interrupt mode|(% style="width:165px" %)(((

900

0

901

OK

902

the mode is 0 = Disable Interrupt

903

)))

904

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+INTMOD=2|(% style="width:187px" %)(((

905

Set Transmit Interval

906

0. (Disable Interrupt),

907

~1. (Trigger by rising and falling edge)

908

2. (Trigger by falling edge)

909

3. (Trigger by rising edge)

910

)))|(% style="width:165px" %)OK

911

912

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x06**

913

914

Format: Command Code (0x06) followed by 3 bytes.

915

916

This means that the interrupt mode of the end node is set to 0x000003=3 (rising edge trigger), and the type code is 06.

917

918

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 06000000 ~/~/ Turn off interrupt mode

919

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 06000003 ~/~/ Set the interrupt mode to rising edge trigger

920

921

== 3.3 Set the output time ==

922

923

924

Feature, Control the output 3V3 , 5V or 12V.

925

926

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+3V3T**

927

928

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:474px" %)

929

|=(% style="width: 154px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 201px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 116px;" %)**Response**

930

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=?|(% style="width:201px" %)Show 3V3 open time.|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

0

OK

)))

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=0|(% style="width:201px" %)Normally open 3V3 power supply.|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

OK

default setting

)))

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=1000|(% style="width:201px" %)Close after a delay of 1000 milliseconds.|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

939

OK

940

)))

941

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=65535|(% style="width:201px" %)Normally closed 3V3 power supply.|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

OK

)))

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+5VT**

946

947

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:470px" %)

948

|=(% style="width: 155px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 196px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 114px;" %)**Response**

949

|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+5VT=?|(% style="width:196px" %)Show 5V open time.|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

0

OK

)))

|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+5VT=0|(% style="width:196px" %)Normally closed 5V power supply.|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

OK

default setting

)))

|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+5VT=1000|(% style="width:196px" %)Close after a delay of 1000 milliseconds.|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

958

OK

959

)))

960

|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+5VT=65535|(% style="width:196px" %)Normally open 5V power supply.|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

OK

)))

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+12VT**

965

966

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:443px" %)

967

|=(% style="width: 156px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 199px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 83px;" %)**Response**

968

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+12VT=?|(% style="width:199px" %)Show 12V open time.|(% style="width:83px" %)(((

0

OK

)))

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+12VT=0|(% style="width:199px" %)Normally closed 12V power supply.|(% style="width:83px" %)OK

973

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+12VT=500|(% style="width:199px" %)Close after a delay of 500 milliseconds.|(% style="width:83px" %)(((

OK

)))

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x07**

978

979

Format: Command Code (0x07) followed by 3 bytes.

980

981

The first byte is which power, the second and third bytes are the time to turn on.

982

983

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 070101F4 **~-~-->** AT+3V3T=500

984

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0701FFFF **~-~-->** AT+3V3T=65535

985

* Example 3: Downlink Payload: 070203E8 **~-~-->** AT+5VT=1000

986

* Example 4: Downlink Payload: 07020000 **~-~-->** AT+5VT=0

987

* Example 5: Downlink Payload: 070301F4 **~-~-->** AT+12VT=500

988

* Example 6: Downlink Payload: 07030000 **~-~-->** AT+12VT=0

989

990

== 3.4 Set the all data mode ==

991

992

993

Feature, Set the all data mode.

994

995

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+ALLDATAMOD**

996

997

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:437px" %)

998

|=**Command Example**|=**Function**|=**Response**

999

|AT+ALLDATAMOD=?|Show current all data mode|(((

0

OK

)))

|AT+ALLDATAMOD=1|Set all data mode is 1.|OK

1004

1005

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0xAB**

1006

1007

Format: Command Code (0xAB) followed by 1 bytes.

1008

1009

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: AB 00 ~/~/ AT+ALLDATAMOD=0

1010

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: AB 01 ~/~/ AT+ALLDATAMOD=1

1011

1012

== 3.5 Set the splicing payload for uplink ==

1013

1014

1015

Feature, splicing payload for uplink.

1016

1017

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+DATAUP**

1018

1019

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)

1020

|=(% style="width: 154px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 266px;" %)**Function**|=**Response**

1021

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+DATAUP =?|(% style="width:266px" %)Show current splicing payload for uplink mode|(((

0

OK

)))

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+DATAUP =0|(% style="width:266px" %)(((

1026

Set splicing payload for uplink mode is 0.

)))|(((

OK

)))

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+DATAUP =1|(% style="width:266px" %)Set splicing payload for uplink mode is 1 , and the each splice uplink is sent sequentially.|OK

1031

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+DATAUP =1,20000|(% style="width:266px" %)(((

1032

Set splicing payload for uplink mode is 1, and the uplink interval of each splice to 20000 milliseconds.

1033

)))|OK

1034

1035

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0xAD**

1036

1037

Format: Command Code (0xAD) followed by 1 bytes or 5 bytes.

1038

1039

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: AD 00 ~/~/ AT+DATAUP=0

1040

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: AD 01 ~/~/ AT+DATAUP =1

1041

* Example 3: Downlink Payload: AD 01 00 00 14 ~/~/ AT+DATAUP =1,20000

1042

1043

This means that the interval is set to 0x000014=20S

1044

1045

1046

== 3.6 Set the payload version ==

1047

1048

1049

Feature, Set the payload version.

1050

1051

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+PAYVER**

1052

1053

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:437px" %)

1054

|=(% style="width: 158px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 192px;" %)**Function**|=**Response**

1055

|(% style="width:158px" %)AT+PAYVER=?|(% style="width:192px" %)Show current payload version|(((

1

OK

)))

|(% style="width:158px" %)AT+PAYVER=5|(% style="width:192px" %)Set payload version is 5.|OK

1060

1061

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0xAE**

1062

1063

Format: Command Code (0xAE) followed by 1 bytes.

1064

1065

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: AE 01 ~/~/ AT+PAYVER=1

1066

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: AE 05 ~/~/ AT+PAYVER=5

1067

1068

= 4. Battery & how to replace =

1069

1070

== 4.1 Battery Type ==

1071

1072

1073

SDI-12-LB is equipped with a [[8500mAH ER26500 Li-SOCI2 battery>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/w9l2oa3ytpculph/AAAPtt-apH4lYfCj-2Y6lHvQa?dl=0]]. The battery is un-rechargeable battery with low discharge rate targeting for 8~~10 years use. This type of battery is commonly used in IoT target for long-term running, such as water meter.

1074

1075

1076

The discharge curve is not linear so can’t simply use percentage to show the battery level. Below is the battery performance.

1077

1078

[[image:1675234124233-857.png]]

1079

1080

1081

Minimum Working Voltage for the SDI-12-LB:

1082

1083

SDI-12-LB: 2.45v ~~ 3.6v

1084

1085

1086

== 4.2 Replace Battery ==

1087

1088

1089

Any battery with range 2.45 ~~ 3.6v can be a replacement. We recommend to use Li-SOCl2 Battery.

1090

1091

And make sure the positive and negative pins match.

1092

1093

1094

== 4.3 Power Consumption Analyze ==

1095

1096

1097

Dragino Battery powered product are all runs in Low Power mode. We have an update battery calculator which base on the measurement of the real device. User can use this calculator to check the battery life and calculate the battery life if want to use different transmit interval.

1098

1099

Instruction to use as below:

1100

1101

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1:**(%%) Downlink the up-to-date DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Prediction_Table.xlsx from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/zwex6i331j5oeq2/AACIMf9f_v2qsJ39CuMQ5Py_a?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/zwex6i331j5oeq2/AACIMf9f_v2qsJ39CuMQ5Py_a?dl=0]]

1102

1103

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2:**(%%) Open it and choose

* Product Model

* Uplink Interval

* Working Mode

And the Life expectation in difference case will be shown on the right.

1110

1111

1112

[[image:1675234155374-163.png]]

1113

1114

1115

The battery related documents as below:

1116

1117

* [[Battery Dimension>>https://www.dropbox.com/s/ox5g9njwjle7aw3/LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf?dl=0]],

1118

* [[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet, Tech Spec>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/d4oyfnp8o94180o/AABQewCNSh5GPeQH86UxRgQQa?dl=0]]

1119

* [[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>https://www.dropbox.com/s/791gjes2lcbfi1p/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg?dl=0]], [[Tech Spec>>https://www.dropbox.com/s/4pkepr9qqqvtzf2/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf?dl=0]]

1120

1121

[[image:image-20230201145019-19.png]]

1122

1123

1124

=== 4.3.1 Battery Note ===

1125

1126

1127

The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.

1128

1129

1130

=== 4.3.2 Replace the battery ===

1131

1132

1133

You can change the battery in the SDI-12-LB.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won't be voltage drop between battery and main board.

1134

1135

The default battery pack of SDI-12-LB includes a ER26500 plus super capacitor. If user can't find this pack locally, they can find ER26500 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)

1136

1137

1138

= 5. Remote Configure device =

1139

1140

== 5.1 Connect via BLE ==

1141

1142

1143

Please see this instruction for how to configure via BLE: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/BLE%20Bluetooth%20Remote%20Configure/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/BLE%20Bluetooth%20Remote%20Configure/]]

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== 5.2 AT Command Set ==

= 6. OTA firmware update =

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Please see this link for how to do OTA firmware update.

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[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/]]

= 7. FAQ =

== 7.1 How to use AT Command to access device? ==

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See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware]]

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== 7.2 How to update firmware via UART port? ==

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See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware]]

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== 7.3 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==

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You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]].

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When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.

= 8. Order Info =

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Part Number: SDI-12-LB-XXX**

)))

(((

XXX: The default frequency band

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band

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(% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band

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(% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band

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(% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band

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(% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band

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(% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band

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(% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band

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(% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band

)))

= 9. Packing Info =

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:

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* SDI-12-LB SDI-12 to LoRaWAN Converter x 1

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**:

* Device Size: cm

* Device Weight: g

* Package Size / pcs : cm

* Weight / pcs : g

= 10. Support =

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

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* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]

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Wiki source code of SDI-12-LB -- SDI-12 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual