SDI-12-LB -- SDI-12 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual

The Dragino (% style="color:blue" %)**SDI-12-LB**(%%) is a (% style="color:blue" %)**SDI-12 to LoRaWAN Converter **(%%)designed for Smart Agriculture solution.

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SDI-12 (Serial Digital Interface at 1200 baud) is an asynchronous [[serial communications>>url:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_communication]] protocol for intelligent sensors that monitor environment data. SDI-12 protocol is widely used in Agriculture sensor and Weather Station sensors.

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SDI-12-LB has SDI-12 interface and support 12v output to power external SDI-12 sensor. It can get the environment data from SDI-12 sensor and sends out the data via LoRaWAN wireless protocol.

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The LoRa wireless technology used in SDI-12-LB allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.

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SDI-12-LB is powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), it is designed for long term use up to 5 years.

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Each SDI-12-LB is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.

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[[image:image-20230201084414-1.png||height="464" width="1108"]]

== 1.2 Features ==

* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A

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* Ultra-low power consumption

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* Controllable 5v and 12v output to power external sensor

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* SDI-12 Protocol to connect to SDI-12 Sensor

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* Monitor Battery Level

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* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865

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* Support Bluetooth v5.1 and LoRaWAN remote configure.

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* Support wireless OTA update firmware

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* Uplink on periodically

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* Downlink to change configure

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* 8500mAh Battery for long term use

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== 1.3 Specification ==

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Micro Controller:**

* MCU: 48Mhz ARM

* Flash: 256KB

* RAM: 64KB

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**

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* Supply Voltage: 2.5v ~~ 3.6v

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* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**

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* Frequency Range, Band 1 (HF): 862 ~~ 1020 Mhz

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* Max +22 dBm constant RF output vs.

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* RX sensitivity: down to -139 dBm.

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* Excellent blocking immunity

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Current Input Measuring :**

* Range: 0 ~~ 20mA

* Accuracy: 0.02mA

* Resolution: 0.001mA

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Voltage Input Measuring:**

* Range: 0 ~~ 30v

* Accuracy: 0.02v

* Resolution: 0.001v

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Battery:**

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* Li/SOCI2 un-chargeable battery

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* Capacity: 8500mAh

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* Self-Discharge: <1% / Year @ 25°C

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* Max continuously current: 130mA

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* Max boost current: 2A, 1 second

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Power Consumption**

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* Sleep Mode: 5uA @ 3.3v

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* LoRa Transmit Mode: 125mA @ 20dBm, 82mA @ 14dBm

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== 1.4 Connect to SDI-12 Sensor ==

[[image:1675212538524-889.png]]

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== 1.5 Sleep mode and working mode ==

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Deep Sleep Mode: **(%%)Sensor doesn't have any LoRaWAN activate. This mode is used for storage and shipping to save battery life.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Working Mode: **(%%)In this mode, Sensor will work as LoRaWAN Sensor to Join LoRaWAN network and send out sensor data to server. Between each sampling/tx/rx periodically, sensor will be in IDLE mode), in IDLE mode, sensor has the same power consumption as Deep Sleep mode.

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== 1.6 Button & LEDs ==

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[[image:1675212633011-651.png]]

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:510px" %)

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|=(% style="width: 167px;" %)**Behavior on ACT**|=(% style="width: 117px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 225px;" %)**Action**

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|(% style="width:167px" %)Pressing ACT between 1s < time < 3s|(% style="width:117px" %)Send an uplink|(% style="width:225px" %)(((

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If sensor is already Joined to LoRaWAN network, sensor will send an uplink packet, (% style="color:blue" %)**blue led** (%%)will blink once.

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Meanwhile, BLE module will be active and user can connect via BLE to configure device.

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|(% style="width:167px" %)Pressing ACT for more than 3s|(% style="width:117px" %)Active Device|(% style="width:225px" %)(((

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(% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will fast blink 5 times, device will enter (% style="color:#037691" %)**OTA mode**(%%) for 3 seconds. And then start to JOIN LoRaWAN network.

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(% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will solidly turn on for 5 seconds after joined in network.

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Once sensor is active, BLE module will be active and user can connect via BLE to configure device, no matter if device join or not join LoRaWAN network.

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|(% style="width:167px" %)Fast press ACT 5 times.|(% style="width:117px" %)Deactivate Device|(% style="width:225px" %)(% style="color:red" %)**Red led**(%%) will solid on for 5 seconds. Means PS-LB is in Deep Sleep Mode.

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== 1.7 Pin Mapping ==

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[[image:1675213198663-754.png]]

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== 1.8 BLE connection ==

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SDI-12-LB support BLE remote configure.

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BLE can be used to configure the parameter of sensor or see the console output from sensor. BLE will be only activate on below case:

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* Press button to send an uplink

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* Press button to active device.

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* Device Power on or reset.

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If there is no activity connection on BLE in 60 seconds, sensor will shut down BLE module to enter low power mode.

== 1.9 Mechanical ==

[[image:image-20230201090139-2.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201090139-3.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201090139-4.png]]

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= 2. Configure SDI-12 to connect to LoRaWAN network =

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== 2.1 How it works ==

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The SDI-12-LB is configured as (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRaWAN OTAA Class A**(%%) mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and activate the SDI-12-LB. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value. The default uplink interval is 20 minutes.

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== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==

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Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LPS8v2>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/228-lps8v2.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.

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[[image:image-20230201090528-5.png||height="465" width="1111"]]

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The LPS8V2 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from SDI-12-LB.

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Each SDI-12-LB is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:

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[[image:image-20230201152430-20.jpeg]]

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You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Register the device**

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[[image:1675213652444-622.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Add APP EUI and DEV EUI**

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[[image:1675213661769-223.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Add APP EUI in the application**

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[[image:1675213675852-577.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Add APP KEY**

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[[image:1675213686734-883.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Activate on SDI-12-LB

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Press the button for 5 seconds to activate the SDI-12-LB.

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(% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will fast blink 5 times, device will enter (% style="color:blue" %)**OTA mode** (%%)for 3 seconds. And then start to JOIN LoRaWAN network. (% style="color:green" %)**Green led**(%%) will solidly turn on for 5 seconds after joined in network.

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[[image:1675213704414-644.png]]

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== 2.3 SDI-12 Related Commands ==

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User need to configure SDI-12-LB to communicate with SDI-12 sensors otherwise the uplink payload will only include a few bytes.

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=== 2.3.1 Basic SDI-12 debug command ===

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User can run some basic SDI-12 command to debug the connection to the SDI-12 sensor. These commands can be sent via AT Command or LoRaWAN downlink command.

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If SDI-12 sensor return value after get these commands, //SDI-12-LB// will uplink the return on FPORT=100, otherwise, if there is no response from SDI-12 sensor. //SDI-12-LB// will uplink NULL (0x 4E 55 4C 4C) to server.

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

[[image:image-20230201091027-6.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201091027-7.png||height="261" width="1179"]]

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**al! ~-~- Get SDI-12 sensor Identification**(%%) ====

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* AT Command: AT+ADDRI=aa

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* LoRaWAN Downlink(prefix 0xAA00): AA 00 aa

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Parameter: **(%%)aa: ASCII value of SDI-12 sensor address in downlink or HEX value in AT Command)

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Example : **AT+ADDRI=0 ( Equal to downlink: 0x AA 00 30)

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201091257-8.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201091257-9.png||height="225" width="1242"]]

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==== (% style="color:blue" %)**aM!,aMC!, aM1!- aM9!, aMC1!- aMC9!**(%%) ====

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(% style="color:red" %)**aM! **(%%): Start Non-Concurrent Measurement

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(% style="color:red" %)**aMC! **(%%): Start Non-Concurrent Measurement – Request CRC

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(% style="color:red" %)**aM1!- aM9! **(%%): Additional Measurements

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(% style="color:red" %)**aMC1!- aMC9!**(%%) : Additional Measurements – Request CRC

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* AT Command : AT+ADDRM=0,1,0,1

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* LoRaWAN Downlink(prefix 0xAA01): 0xAA 01 30 01 00 01

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Downlink：AA 01 aa bb cc dd

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**aa**(%%): SDI-12 sensor address.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb**(%%): 0: no CRC, 1: request CRC

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc**(%%): 1-9: Additional Measurement, 0: no additional measurement

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**dd**(%%): delay (in second) to send (% style="color:#037691" %)**aD0!**(%%) to get return.

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201091630-10.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201091630-11.png||height="247" width="1165"]]

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**aC!, aCC!, aC1!- aC9!, aCC1!- aCC9! **(%%) ====

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(% style="color:red" %)**aC!**(%%) : Start Concurrent Measurement

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(% style="color:red" %)**aCC!** (%%): Start Concurrent Measurement – Request CRC

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(% style="color:red" %)**aC1!- aC9!**(%%) : Start Additional Concurrent Measurements

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(% style="color:red" %)**aCC1!- aCC9!**(%%) : Start Additional Concurrent Measurements – Request CRC

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* AT Command : AT+ADDRC=0,1,0,1

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* LoRaWAN Downlink(0xAA02): 0xAA 02 30 01 00 01

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Downlink: AA 02 aa bb cc dd

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**aa**(%%): SDI-12 sensor address.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb**(%%): 0: no CRC, 1: request CRC

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc**(%%): 1-9: Additional Measurement, 0: no additional measurement

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**dd**(%%): delay (in second) to send (% style="color:#037691" %)**aD0!**(%%) to get return.

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201091954-12.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201091954-13.png||height="203" width="1117"]]

==== (% style="color:blue" %)**aR0!- aR9!, aRC0!- aRC9!**(%%) ====

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Start Continuous Measurement

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Start Continuous Measurement – Request CRC

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* AT Command : AT+ADDRR=0,1,0,1

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* LoRaWAN Downlink (0xAA 03): 0xAA 03 30 01 00 01

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Downlink: AA 03 aa bb cc dd

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**aa**(%%): SDI-12 sensor address.

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb**(%%): 0: no CRC, 1: request CRC

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc**(%%): 1-9: Additional Measurement, 0: no additional measurement

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**dd**(%%): delay (in second) to send (% style="color:#037691" %)**aD0!**(%%) to get return.

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

[[image:image-20230201092208-14.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201092208-15.png||height="214" width="1140"]]

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=== 2.3.2 Advance SDI-12 Debug command ===

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This command can be used to debug all SDI-12 command.

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LoRaWAN Downlink: A8 aa xx xx xx xx bb cc

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**aa **(%%): total SDI-12 command length

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**xx **(%%): SDI-12 command

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**bb **(%%): Delay to wait for return

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**cc **(%%): 0: don't uplink return to LoRaWAN, 1: Uplink return to LoRaWAN on FPORT=100

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Example: **(%%) AT+CFGDEV =0RC0!,1

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**0RC0! **(%%): SDI-12 Command,

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**1 **(%%): Delay 1 second. ( 0: 810 mini-second)

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Equal Downlink: 0xA8 05 30 52 43 30 21 01 01

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The following is the display information on the serial port and the server.

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[[image:image-20230201092355-16.png]]

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[[image:image-20230201092355-17.png||height="426" width="1135"]]

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=== 2.3.3 Convert ASCII to String ===

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This command is used to convert between ASCII and String format.

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AT+CONVFORM ( Max length: 80 bytes)

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**

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1) AT+CONVFORM=0, string Convert String from String to ASCII

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[[image:1675214845056-885.png]]

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2) AT+CONVFORM=1, ASCII Convert ASCII to String.

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[[image:1675214856590-846.png]]

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=== 2.3.4 Define periodically SDI-12 commands and uplink. ===

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AT+COMMANDx & AT+DATACUTx

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User can define max 15 SDI-12 Commands (AT+COMMAND1 ~~ AT+COMMANDF). On each uplink period (TDC time, default 20 minutes), SDI-12-LB will send these SDI-12 commands and wait for return from SDI-12 sensors. SDI-12-LB will then combine these returns and uplink via LoRaWAN.

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* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+COMMANDx=var1,var2,var3,var4.**

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(% style="color:red" %)**var1**(%%): SDI-12 command , for example: 0RC0!

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(% style="color:red" %)**var2**(%%): Wait timeout for return. (unit: second)

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(% style="color:red" %)**var3**(%%): Whether to send //addrD0!// to get return after var2 timeout. 0: Don't Send //addrD0! //; 1: Send //addrD0!//.

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(% style="color:red" %)**var4**(%%): validation check for return. If return invalid, SDI-12-LB will resend this command. Max 2 retries.

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(% style="color:red" %)**0 **(%%) No validation check;

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(% style="color:red" %)**1** (%%) Check if return chars are printable char(0x20 ~~ 0x7E);

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(% style="color:#red" %)**2**(%%) Check if there is return from SDI-12 sensor

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(% style="color:red" %)**3** (%%) Check if return pass CRC check ( SDI-12 command var1 must include CRC request);

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Each AT+COMMANDx is followed by a (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DATACUT**(%%) command. AT+DATACUT command is used to take the useful string from the SDI-12 sensor so the final payload will have the minimum length to uplink.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DATACUTx**(%%) : This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is 100 bytes.

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(% border="1" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:436px" %)

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|(% style="width:433px" %)(((

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**AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c**

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**a**: length for the return of AT+COMMAND

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**b**: 1: grab valid value by byte, max 6 bytes. 2: grab valid value by bytes section, max 3 sections.

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**c**: define the position for valid value.

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For example, if return from AT+COMMAND1 is “013METER TER12 112T12-00024895” , Below AT+DATACUT1 will get different result to combine payload:

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(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)

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|(% style="width:170px" %)**AT+DATACUT1 value**|(% style="width:338px" %)**Final Result to combine Payload**

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|(% style="width:170px" %)34,1,1+2+3|(% style="width:338px" %)0D 00 01 30 31 33

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|(% style="width:170px" %)34,2,1~~8+12~~16|(% style="width:338px" %)0D 00 01 30 31 33 4D 45 54 45 52 54 45 52 31 32

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|(% style="width:170px" %)34,2,1~~34|(% style="width:338px" %)0D 00 01 30 31 33 4D 45 54 45 52 20 20 20 54 45 52 31 32 20 31 31 32 54 31 32 2D 30 30 30 32 34 38 39 35 0D 0A

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* (% style="color:blue" %)** Downlink Payload:**

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(% style="color:blue" %)**0xAF**(%%) downlink command can be used to set AT+COMMANDx or AT+DATACUTx.

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(% style="color:red" %)**Note : if user use AT+COMMANDx to add a new command, he also need to send AT+DATACUTx downlink.**

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Format: ** (% style="color:#037691" %)AF MM NN LL XX XX XX XX YY(%%)**

Where:

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**MM **(%%): the AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT to be set. Value from 01 ~~ 0F,

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**NN **(%%): 1: set the AT+DATACUT value ; 2: set the AT+DATACUT value.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**LL **(%%): The length of AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**XX XX XX XX **(%%): AT+COMMAND or AT+DATACUT command

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**YY **(%%): If YY=0, RS485-LN will execute the downlink command without uplink; if YY=1, RS485-LN will execute an uplink after got this command.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**

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[[image:image-20230201094129-18.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Clear SDI12 Command**

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The AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx settings are stored in special location, user can use below command to clear them.

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+CMDEAR=mm,nn** (%%) mm: start position of erase ,nn: stop position of erase

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Etc. AT+CMDEAR=1,10 means erase AT+COMMAND1/AT+DATACUT1 to AT+COMMAND10/AT+DATACUT10

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink Payload:**

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**0x09 aa bb**(%%) same as AT+CMDEAR=aa,bb

(% style="color:blue" %)**command combination**

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Below shows a screen shot how the results combines together to a uplink payload.

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[[image:1675215745275-920.png]]

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If user don't want to use DATACUT for some command, he simply want to uplink all returns. AT+ALLDATAMOD can be set to 1.

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(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+ALLDATAMOD**(%%) will simply get all return and don't do CRC check as result for SDI-12 command. AT+DATACUTx command has higher priority, if AT+DATACUTx has been set, AT+ALLDATAMOD will be ignore for this SDI-12 command.

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**For example: ** as below photo, AT+ALLDATAMOD=1, but AT+DATACUT1 has been set, AT+DATACUT1 will be still effect the result.

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[[image:1675215782925-448.png]]

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If AT+ALLDATAMOD=1, (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**FX,X**(%%) will be added in the payload, FX specify which command is used and X specify the length of return. for example in above screen, F1 05 means the return is from AT+COMMAND1 and the return is 5 bytes.

(% style="color:blue" %)**Compose Uplink**

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+DATAUP=0**

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Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with A SIGNLE UPLINK.

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Final Payload is Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx

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Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot.

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[[image:1675215828102-844.png]]

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(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**AT+DATAUP=1**

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Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with Multiply UPLINKs.

Final Payload is

__**Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA**__

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1. Battery Info (2 bytes): Battery voltage

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1. PAYVER (1 byte): Defined by AT+PAYVER

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1. PAYLOAD COUNT (1 byte): Total how many uplinks of this sampling.

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1. PAYLOAD# (1 byte): Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)

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1. DATA: Valid value: max 6 bytes(US915 version here, Notice*!) for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will might less than 6 bytes

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[[image:1675215848113-696.png]]

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(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: the Max bytes is according to the max support bytes in different Frequency Bands for lowest SF. As below:**

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* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=0, max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date)

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* For AU915/AS923 bands, if UplinkDwell time=1, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).

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* For US915 band, max 11 bytes for each uplink ( so 11 -5 = 6 max valid date).

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* For all other bands: max 51 bytes for each uplink ( so 51 -5 = 46 max valid date).

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(% style="color:red" %)**When AT+DATAUP=1, the maximum number of segments is 15, and the maximum total number of bytes is 1500;**

597

598

(% style="color:red" %)**When AT+DATAUP=1 and AT+ADR=0, the maximum number of bytes of each payload is determined by the DR value.**

599

600

601

== 2.4 Uplink Payload ==

602

603

604

Uplink payloads have two types:

605

606

* Distance Value: Use FPORT=2

607

* Other control commands: Use other FPORT fields.

608

609

The application server should parse the correct value based on FPORT settings.

610

611

612

=== 2.4.1 Device Payload, FPORT~=5 ===

613

614

615

Include device configure status. Once SDI-12-LB Joined the network, it will uplink this message to the server.

616

617

Users can also use the downlink command(0x26 01) to ask SDI-12-LB to resend this uplink.

618

619

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:437px" %)

620

|(% colspan="6" style="width:434px" %)**Device Status (FPORT=5)**

Example parse in TTNv3

625

626

[[image:1675215946738-635.png]]

627

628

629

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Model**(%%): For SDI-12-LB, this value is 0x17

630

631

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Firmware Version**(%%): 0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version

632

633

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band**:

*0x01: EU868

*0x02: US915

*0x03: IN865

*0x04: AU915

*0x05: KZ865

*0x06: RU864

*0x07: AS923

*0x08: AS923-1

*0x09: AS923-2

*0x0a: AS923-3

*0x0b: CN470

*0x0c: EU433

*0x0d: KR920

*0x0e: MA869

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Sub-Band**:

665

666

AU915 and US915:value 0x00 ~~ 0x08

667

668

CN470: value 0x0B ~~ 0x0C

669

670

Other Bands: Always 0x00

671

672

673

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Battery Info**:

674

675

Check the battery voltage.

Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV

Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV

=== 2.4.2 Uplink Payload, FPORT~=2 ===

683

684

685

There are different cases for uplink. See below

686

687

* SDI-12 Debug Command return: FPORT=100

688

689

* Periodically Uplink: FPORT=2

690

691

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)

692

|(% style="width:93px" %)(((

693

**Size(bytes)**

694

)))|(% style="width:83px" %)**2**|(% style="width:70px" %)**1**|(% style="width:234px" %)**Length depends on the return from the commands**

695

|(% style="width:93px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:83px" %)(((

Battery(mV)

&

Interrupt_Flag

)))|(% style="width:70px" %)[[PAYLOAD_VER>>||anchor="H3.6Setthepayloadversion"]]|(% style="width:234px" %)(((

700

If the valid payload is too long and exceed the maximum support.

701

Payload length in server,server will show payload not provided in the LoRaWAN server.

702

)))

703

704

[[image:1675216282284-923.png]]

705

706

707

=== 2.4.3 Battery Info ===

708

709

710

Check the battery voltage for SDI-12-LB.

Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV

Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV

=== 2.4.4 Interrupt Pin ===

718

719

720

This data field shows if this packet is generated by (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interrupt Pin**(%%) or not. [[Click here>>||anchor="H3.2SetInterruptMode"]] for the hardware and software set up. Note: The Internet Pin is a separate pin in the screw terminal. See [[pin mapping>>||anchor="H1.7PinMapping"]].

**Example:**

Ex1: 0x0B45:0x0B&0x80= 0x00 Normal uplink packet.

725

726

Ex2: 0x8B49:0x8B&0x80= 0x80 Interrupt Uplink Packet.

727

728

729

=== 2.4.5 Payload version ===

=== 2.4.6 Decode payload in The Things Network ===

734

735

736

While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.

737

738

[[image:1675216779406-595.png]]

739

740

741

There is no fix payload decoder in LoRaWAN server because the SDI-12 sensors returns are different. User need to write the decoder themselves for their case.

742

743

SDI-12-LB TTN Payload Decoder: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder]]

744

745

746

== 2.5 Uplink Interval ==

747

748

749

The SDI-12-LB by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:

750

751

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/#H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/#H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval]]]]

== 2.6 Frequency Plans ==

757

758

759

The SDI-12-LB uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.

760

761

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20Frequency%20Band/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20Frequency%20Band/]]

762

763

764

== 2.7 Firmware Change Log ==

765

766

767

**Firmware download link:**

768

769

[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/gf1glloczbzz19h/AABbuYI4WY6VdAmpXo6o1V2Ka?dl=0>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/gf1glloczbzz19h/AABbuYI4WY6VdAmpXo6o1V2Ka?dl=0]]

770

771

772

= 3. Configure SDI-12-LB via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink =

773

774

775

Use can configure SDI-12-LB via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink.

776

777

* AT Command Connection: See [[FAQ>>||anchor="H7.FAQ"]].

778

* LoRaWAN Downlink instruction for different platforms: See [[IoT LoRaWAN Server>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/]] section.

779

780

There are two kinds of commands to configure SDI-12-LB, they are:

781

782

* (% style="color:blue" %)**General Commands**.

783

784

These commands are to configure:

785

786

* General system settings like: uplink interval.

787

* LoRaWAN protocol & radio related command.

788

789

They are same for all Dragino Device which support DLWS-005 LoRaWAN Stack. These commands can be found on the wiki:

790

791

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/End%20Device%20AT%20Commands%20and%20Downlink%20Command/]]

792

793

794

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Commands special design for SDI-12-LB**

795

796

These commands only valid for SDI-12-LB, as below:

797

798

799

== 3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time ==

800

801

802

Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.

803

804

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+TDC**

805

806

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:510px" %)

807

|=(% style="width: 156px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 137px;" %)**Function**|=**Response**

808

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+TDC=?|(% style="width:137px" %)Show current transmit Interval|(((

809

30000

810

OK

811

the interval is 30000ms = 30s

812

)))

813

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+TDC=60000|(% style="width:137px" %)Set Transmit Interval|(((

814

OK

815

Set transmit interval to 60000ms = 60 seconds

816

)))

817

818

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x01**

819

820

821

Format: Command Code (0x01) followed by 3 bytes time value.

822

823

If the downlink payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's Transmit Interval to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.

824

825

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds

826

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds

827

828

829

== 3.2 Set Interrupt Mode ==

830

831

832

Feature, Set Interrupt mode for GPIO_EXIT.

833

834

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+INTMOD**

835

836

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:510px" %)

837

|=(% style="width: 156px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 187px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 165px;" %)**Response**

838

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+INTMOD=?|(% style="width:187px" %)Show current interrupt mode|(% style="width:165px" %)(((

839

0

840

OK

841

the mode is 0 = No interruption

842

)))

843

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+INTMOD=2|(% style="width:187px" %)(((

844

Set Transmit Interval

845

~1. (Disable Interrupt),

846

2. (Trigger by rising and falling edge)

847

3. (Trigger by falling edge)

848

4. (Trigger by rising edge)

849

)))|(% style="width:165px" %)OK

850

851

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x06**

852

853

Format: Command Code (0x06) followed by 3 bytes.

854

855

This means that the interrupt mode of the end node is set to 0x000003=3 (rising edge trigger), and the type code is 06.

856

857

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 06000000 ~/~/ Turn off interrupt mode

858

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 06000003 ~/~/ Set the interrupt mode to rising edge trigger

859

860

861

== 3.3 Set the output time ==

862

863

864

Feature, Control the output 3V3 , 5V or 12V.

865

866

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+3V3T**

867

868

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:474px" %)

869

|=(% style="width: 154px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 201px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 116px;" %)**Response**

870

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=?|(% style="width:201px" %)Show 3V3 open time.|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

0

OK

)))

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=0|(% style="width:201px" %)Normally open 3V3 power supply.|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

OK

default setting

)))

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=1000|(% style="width:201px" %)Close after a delay of 1000 milliseconds.|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

879

OK

880

)))

881

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=65535|(% style="width:201px" %)Normally closed 3V3 power supply.|(% style="width:116px" %)(((

OK

)))

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+5VT**

886

887

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:470px" %)

888

|=(% style="width: 155px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 196px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 114px;" %)**Response**

889

|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+5VT=?|(% style="width:196px" %)Show 5V open time.|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

0

OK

)))

|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+5VT=0|(% style="width:196px" %)Normally closed 5V power supply.|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

OK

default setting

)))

|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+5VT=1000|(% style="width:196px" %)Close after a delay of 1000 milliseconds.|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

898

OK

899

)))

900

|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+5VT=65535|(% style="width:196px" %)Normally open 5V power supply.|(% style="width:114px" %)(((

OK

)))

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+12VT**

905

906

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; color:black; width:443px" %)

907

|=(% style="width: 156px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 199px;" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 83px;" %)**Response**

908

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+12VT=?|(% style="width:199px" %)Show 12V open time.|(% style="width:83px" %)(((

0

OK

)))

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+12VT=0|(% style="width:199px" %)Normally closed 12V power supply.|(% style="width:83px" %)OK

913

|(% style="width:156px" %)AT+12VT=500|(% style="width:199px" %)Close after a delay of 500 milliseconds.|(% style="width:83px" %)(((

OK

)))

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x07**

918

919

Format: Command Code (0x07) followed by 3 bytes.

920

921

The first byte is which power, the second and third bytes are the time to turn on.

922

923

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 070101F4 **~-~-->** AT+3V3T=500

924

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0701FFFF **~-~-->** AT+3V3T=65535

925

* Example 3: Downlink Payload: 070203E8 **~-~-->** AT+5VT=1000

926

* Example 4: Downlink Payload: 07020000 **~-~-->** AT+5VT=0

927

* Example 5: Downlink Payload: 070301F4 **~-~-->** AT+12VT=500

928

* Example 6: Downlink Payload: 07030000 **~-~-->** AT+12VT=0

929

930

931

== 3.4 Set the all data mode ==

932

933

934

Feature, Set the all data mode.

935

936

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+ALLDATAMOD**

937

938

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:437px" %)

939

|=**Command Example**|=**Function**|=**Response**

940

|AT+ALLDATAMOD=?|Show current all data mode|(((

0

OK

)))

|AT+ALLDATAMOD=1|Set all data mode is 1.|OK

945

946

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0xAB**

947

948

Format: Command Code (0xAB) followed by 1 bytes.

949

950

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: AB 00 ~/~/ AT+ALLDATAMOD=0

951

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: AB 01 ~/~/ AT+ALLDATAMOD=1

952

953

954

== 3.5 Set the splicing payload for uplink ==

955

956

957

Feature, splicing payload for uplink.

958

959

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+DATAUP**

960

961

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)

962

|=(% style="width: 154px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 266px;" %)**Function**|=**Response**

963

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+DATAUP =?|(% style="width:266px" %)Show current splicing payload for uplink mode|(((

0

OK

)))

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+DATAUP =0|(% style="width:266px" %)(((

968

Set splicing payload for uplink mode is 0.

)))|(((

OK

)))

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+DATAUP =1|(% style="width:266px" %)Set splicing payload for uplink mode is 1 , and the each splice uplink is sent sequentially.|OK

973

|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+DATAUP =1,20000|(% style="width:266px" %)(((

974

Set splicing payload for uplink mode is 1, and the uplink interval of each splice to 20000 milliseconds.

975

)))|OK

976

977

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0xAD**

978

979

Format: Command Code (0xAD) followed by 1 bytes or 5 bytes.

980

981

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: AD 00 ~/~/ AT+DATAUP=0

982

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: AD 01 ~/~/ AT+DATAUP =1

983

* Example 3: Downlink Payload: AD 01 00 00 14 ~/~/ AT+DATAUP =1,20000

984

985

This means that the interval is set to 0x000014=20S

986

987

988

== 3.6 Set the payload version ==

989

990

Feature, Set the payload version.

991

992

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+PAYVER**

993

994

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:437px" %)

995

|=(% style="width: 158px;" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 192px;" %)**Function**|=**Response**

996

|(% style="width:158px" %)AT+PAYVER=?|(% style="width:192px" %)Show current payload version|(((

1

OK

)))

|(% style="width:158px" %)AT+PAYVER=5|(% style="width:192px" %)Set payload version is 5.|OK

1001

1002

(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0xAE**

1003

1004

Format: Command Code (0xAE) followed by 1 bytes.

1005

1006

* Example 1: Downlink Payload: AE 01 ~/~/ AT+PAYVER=1

1007

* Example 2: Downlink Payload: AE 05 ~/~/ AT+PAYVER=5

1008

1009

1010

= 4. Battery & how to replace =

1011

1012

== 4.1 Battery Type ==

1013

1014

1015

SDI-12-LB is equipped with a [[8500mAH ER26500 Li-SOCI2 battery>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/w9l2oa3ytpculph/AAAPtt-apH4lYfCj-2Y6lHvQa?dl=0]]. The battery is un-rechargeable battery with low discharge rate targeting for 8~~10 years use. This type of battery is commonly used in IoT target for long-term running, such as water meter.

1016

1017

1018

The discharge curve is not linear so can’t simply use percentage to show the battery level. Below is the battery performance.

1019

1020

[[image:1675234124233-857.png]]

1021

1022

1023

Minimum Working Voltage for the SDI-12-LB:

1024

1025

SDI-12-LB: 2.45v ~~ 3.6v

1026

1027

1028

== 4.2 Replace Battery ==

1029

1030

1031

Any battery with range 2.45 ~~ 3.6v can be a replacement. We recommend to use Li-SOCl2 Battery.

1032

1033

And make sure the positive and negative pins match.

1034

1035

1036

== 4.3 Power Consumption Analyze ==

1037

1038

1039

Dragino Battery powered product are all runs in Low Power mode. We have an update battery calculator which base on the measurement of the real device. User can use this calculator to check the battery life and calculate the battery life if want to use different transmit interval.

1040

1041

Instruction to use as below:

1042

1043

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1:**(%%) Downlink the up-to-date DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Prediction_Table.xlsx from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/zwex6i331j5oeq2/AACIMf9f_v2qsJ39CuMQ5Py_a?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/zwex6i331j5oeq2/AACIMf9f_v2qsJ39CuMQ5Py_a?dl=0]]

1044

1045

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2:**(%%) Open it and choose

* Product Model

* Uplink Interval

* Working Mode

And the Life expectation in difference case will be shown on the right.

1052

1053

1054

[[image:1675234155374-163.png]]

1055

1056

1057

The battery related documents as below:

1058

1059

* [[Battery Dimension>>https://www.dropbox.com/s/ox5g9njwjle7aw3/LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf?dl=0]],

1060

* [[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet, Tech Spec>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/d4oyfnp8o94180o/AABQewCNSh5GPeQH86UxRgQQa?dl=0]]

1061

* [[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>https://www.dropbox.com/s/791gjes2lcbfi1p/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg?dl=0]], [[Tech Spec>>https://www.dropbox.com/s/4pkepr9qqqvtzf2/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf?dl=0]]

1062

1063

[[image:image-20230201145019-19.png]]

1064

1065

1066

=== 4.3.1 Battery Note ===

1067

1068

1069

The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.

1070

1071

1072

=== 4.3.2 Replace the battery ===

1073

1074

1075

You can change the battery in the SDI-12-LB.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won't be voltage drop between battery and main board.

1076

1077

The default battery pack of SDI-12-LB includes a ER26500 plus super capacitor. If user can't find this pack locally, they can find ER26500 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)

1078

1079

1080

= 5. Remote Configure device =

1081

1082

== 5.1 Connect via BLE ==

1083

1084

1085

Please see this instruction for how to configure via BLE: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/BLE%20Bluetooth%20Remote%20Configure/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/BLE%20Bluetooth%20Remote%20Configure/]]

1086

1087

1088

== 5.2 AT Command Set ==

= 6. OTA firmware update =

1093

1094

1095

Please see this link for how to do OTA firmware update.

1096

1097

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/]]

= 7. FAQ =

== 7.1 How to use AT Command to access device? ==

1103

1104

1105

See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware]]

1106

1107

1108

== 7.2 How to update firmware via UART port? ==

1109

1110

1111

See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware]]

1112

1113

1114

== 7.3 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==

1115

1116

1117

You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]].

1118

When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.

= 8. Order Info =

(% style="color:blue" %)**Part Number: SDI-12-LB-XXX**

1125

1126

XXX: The default frequency band

1127

1128

(% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band

1129

(% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band

1130

(% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band

1131

(% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band

1132

(% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band

1133

(% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band

1134

(% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band

1135

(% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band

= 9. Packing Info =

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:

1147

1148

* SDI-12-LB SDI-12 to LoRaWAN Converter x 1

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**:

* Device Size: cm

* Device Weight: g

* Package Size / pcs : cm

* Weight / pcs : g

= 10. Support =

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

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* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]

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Wiki source code of SDI-12-LB -- SDI-12 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual