Last modified by Bei Jinggeng on 2024/03/30 17:53
<
From version < 44.3 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/09/07 17:56
To version < 56.6 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/10/25 16:43
>
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

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Content
... ... @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
1 1  (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 -[[image:)YK]Y_LZJIO]J2~~VA}OQJM2.png]]
2 +[[image:)YK]Y_LZJIO]J2~~VA}OQJM2.png||height="442" width="410"]]
3 3  
4 4  **Table of Contents:**
5 5  
... ... @@ -7,31 +7,39 @@
7 7  
8 8  
9 9  
10 -= 1. Introduction =
10 += 1.  Introduction =
11 11  
12 -== 1.1 ​What is NSPH01 Soil pH Sensor ==
13 13  
14 -The Dragino NSPH01 is a **NB-IOT soil ph sensor** for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil PH and soil temperature, so to send to the platform to analyze the soil acid or alkali level. The probe is IP68 waterproof.
13 +== 1.1 ​ What is NSPH01 Soil pH Sensor ==
15 15  
16 -NSPH01 probe is made by Solid AgCl reference electrode and Pure metal pH sensitive electrode. It can detect soil's** pH **with high accuracy and stable value. The NSPH01 probe can be buried into soil for long time use.
17 17  
16 +The Dragino NSPH01 is a (% style="color:blue" %)**NB-IoT soil pH sensor**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil pH and soil temperature, so to send to the platform to analyze the soil acid or alkali level. The probe is IP68 waterproof.
17 +
18 +NSPH01 probe is made by Solid AgCl reference electrode and Pure metal pH sensitive electrode. It can detect soil's** (% style="color:blue" %)pH (%%)**with high accuracy and stable value. The NSPH01 probe can be buried into soil for long time use.
19 +
18 18  NarrowBand-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a standards-based low power wide area (LPWA) technology developed to enable a wide range of new IoT devices and services. NB-IoT significantly improves the power consumption of user devices, system capacity and spectrum efficiency, especially in deep coverage.
19 -\\NSPH01 supports different uplink methods include **TCP,MQTT,UDP and CoAP  **for different application requirement.
20 -\\NSPH01 is powered by  **8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**, It is designed for long term use up to 5 years. (Actually Battery life depends on the use environment, update period & uplink method)
21 -\\To use NSPH01, user needs to check if there is NB-IoT coverage in local area and with the bands NSPH01 supports. If the local operate support it, user needs to get a **NB-IoT SIM card** from local operator and install NSPH01 to get NB-IoT network connection.
22 22  
23 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
22 +NSPH01 supports different uplink methods include (% style="color:blue" %)**TCP,MQTT,UDP and CoAP  **(%%)for different application requirement.
23 +
24 +NSPH01 is powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 5 years. (Actually Battery life depends on the use environment, update period & uplink method)
25 +
26 +To use NSPH01, user needs to check if there is NB-IoT coverage in the installation area and with the bands NSPH01 supports. If the local operator supports it, user needs to get a (% style="color:blue" %)**NB-IoT SIM card** (%%)from local operator and install NSPH01 to get NB-IoT network connection.
27 +
28 +
24 24  [[image:image-20220907153151-1.png]]
25 25  
26 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
31 +
27 27  [[image:M_K`YF9`CAYAE\@}3T]FHT$9.png]]
28 28  
29 -== 1.2 Features ==
30 30  
35 +
36 +== 1.2  Features ==
37 +
38 +
31 31  * NB-IoT Bands: B1/B3/B8/B5/B20/B28 @H-FDD
32 32  * Monitor soil pH with temperature compensation.
33 33  * Monitor soil temperature
34 -* PH and Temperature alarm function
42 +* pH and Temperature alarm function
35 35  * Monitor Battery Level
36 36  * Support pH calibration by end user
37 37  * Uplink on periodically
... ... @@ -40,17 +40,19 @@
40 40  * IP68 rate for the Sensor Probe
41 41  * Ultra-Low Power consumption
42 42  * AT Commands to change parameters
43 -* Micro SIM card slot for NB-IoT SIM
51 +* Micro SIM card slot
44 44  * 8500mAh Battery for long term use
45 45  
54 +
46 46  == 1.3  Specification ==
47 47  
48 -**Common DC Characteristics:**
49 49  
58 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**
59 +
50 50  * Supply Voltage: 2.1v ~~ 3.6v
51 51  * Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C
52 52  
53 -**NB-IoT Spec:**
63 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**NB-IoT Spec:**
54 54  
55 55  * - B1 @H-FDD: 2100MHz
56 56  * - B3 @H-FDD: 1800MHz
... ... @@ -59,10 +59,12 @@
59 59  * - B20 @H-FDD: 800MHz
60 60  * - B28 @H-FDD: 700MHz
61 61  
62 -== 1.4 Probe Specification ==
63 63  
64 -**Soil pH:**
73 +== 1.4  Probe Specification ==
65 65  
75 +
76 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Soil pH:**
77 +
66 66  * Range: 3 ~~ 10 pH
67 67  * Resolution: 0.01 pH
68 68  * Accuracy: ±2% under (0~~50 ℃, Accuracy will poor under 0 due to frozen)
... ... @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
70 70  * IP68 Protection
71 71  * Length: 3.5 meters
72 72  
73 -**Soil Temperature:**
85 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Soil Temperature:**
74 74  
75 75  * Range -40℃～85℃
76 76  * Resolution: 0.1℃
... ... @@ -78,202 +78,256 @@
78 78  * IP68 Protection
79 79  * Length: 3.5 meters
80 80  
81 -== 1.5 ​Applications ==
82 82  
94 +== 1.5  ​Applications ==
95 +
96 +
83 83  * Smart Agriculture
84 84  
85 -== 1.6 Pin mapping and power on ==
86 86  
87 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
100 +== 1.6  Pin mapping and power on ==
101 +
102 +
88 88  [[image:image-20220907153300-2.png]]
89 89  
90 90  
106 +
91 91  = 2.  Use NSPH01 to communicate with IoT Server =
92 92  
109 +
93 93  == 2.1  How it works ==
94 94  
112 +
95 95  The NSPH01 is equipped with a NB-IoT module, the pre-loaded firmware in NSPH01 will get environment data from sensors and send the value to local NB-IoT network via the NB-IoT module.  The NB-IoT network will forward this value to IoT server via the protocol defined by NSPH01.
96 96  
97 97  The diagram below shows the working flow in default firmware of NSPH01:
98 98  
99 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
117 +
100 100  [[image:image-20220907153416-3.png]]
101 101  
120 +
121 +
102 102  == 2.2 ​ Configure the NSPH01 ==
103 103  
124 +
104 104  === 2.2.1 Test Requirement ===
105 105  
106 -To use NSPH01 in your city, make sure meet below requirements:
107 107  
128 +To use NSPH01 in the field, make sure meet below requirements:
129 +
108 108  * Your local operator has already distributed a NB-IoT Network there.
109 109  * The local NB-IoT network used the band that NSPH01 supports.
110 110  * Your operator is able to distribute the data received in their NB-IoT network to your IoT server.
111 111  
112 -Below figure shows our testing structure. Here we have NB-IoT network coverage by China Mobile, the band they use is B8.  The NSPH01 will use CoAP(120.24.4.116:5683) or raw UDP(120.24.4.116:5601) or MQTT(120.24.4.116:1883)or TCP(120.24.4.116:5600)protocol to send data to the test server
134 +Below figure shows our testing structure. Here we have NB-IoT network coverage by China Mobile, the band they use is B8.  The NSPH01 will use** CoAP(120.24.4.116:5683) **or raw **UDP(120.24.4.116:5601)** or **MQTT(120.24.4.116:1883)**or **TCP(120.24.4.116:5600)**protocol to send data to the test server.
113 113  
114 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
136 +
115 115  [[image:image-20220907153445-4.png]]
116 116  
117 117  
140 +
118 118  === 2.2.2 Insert SIM card ===
119 119  
120 -Insert the NB-IoT Card get from your provider.
121 121  
122 -User need to take out the NB-IoT module and insert the SIM card like below:
144 +User need to take out the NB-IoT module and insert the SIM card like below. ((% style="color:red" %) Pay attention to the direction(%%))
123 123  
124 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
146 +
125 125  [[image:image-20220907153505-5.png]]
126 126  
149 +
150 +
127 127  === 2.2.3 Connect USB – TTL to NSPH01 to configure it ===
128 128  
129 -User need to configure NSPH01 via serial port to set the **Server Address** / **Uplink Topic** to define where and how-to uplink packets. NSPH01 support AT Commands, user can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to NSPH01 and use AT Commands to configure it, as below.
130 130  
131 -**Connection:**
154 +User need to configure NSPH01 via serial port to set the (% style="color:blue" %)**Server Address** / **Uplink Topic**(%%) to define where and how-to uplink packets. NSPH01 support AT Commands, user can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to NSPH01 and use AT Commands to configure it, as below.
132 132  
133 - USB TTL GND <~-~-~-~-> GND
134 134  
135 - USB TTL TXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_RXD
157 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Connection:**
136 136  
137 - USB TTL RXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_TXD
159 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow" %) USB TTL GND <~-~-~-~->  GND(%%)**
138 138  
161 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow" %) USB TTL TXD  <~-~-~-~->  UART_RXD(%%)**
162 +
163 +**~ (% style="background-color:yellow" %) USB TTL RXD  <~-~-~-~->  UART_TXD(%%)**
164 +
165 +
139 139  In the PC, use below serial tool settings:
140 140  
141 -* Baud:  **9600**
142 -* Data bits:** 8**
143 -* Stop bits: **1**
144 -* Parity:  **None**
145 -* Flow Control: **None**
168 +* Baud:  (% style="color:green" %)**9600**
169 +* Data bits:**  (% style="color:green" %)8(%%)**
170 +* Stop bits:  (% style="color:green" %)**1**
171 +* Parity:  (% style="color:green" %)**None**
172 +* Flow Control: (% style="color:green" %)**None**
146 146  
147 -Make sure the switch is in FLASH position, then power on device by connecting the jumper on NSPH01. NSPH01 will output system info once power on as below, we can enter the **password: 12345678** to access AT Command input.
174 +Make sure the switch is in FLASH position, then power on device by connecting the jumper on NSPH01. NSPH01 will output system info once power on as below, we can enter the (% style="color:green" %)**password: 12345678**(%%) to access AT Command input.
148 148  
149 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
150 -[[image:image-20220907153529-6.png]]
151 151  
152 -**Note: the valid AT Commands can be found at:  **[[**https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/351dwor6joz8nwh/AADn1BQaAAxLF_QMyU8NkW47a?dl=0**>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/351dwor6joz8nwh/AADn1BQaAAxLF_QMyU8NkW47a?dl=0]]
177 +[[image:image-20220912144017-1.png]]
153 153  
179 +
180 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: the valid AT Commands can be found at:**(%%)**  **[[**https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/351dwor6joz8nwh/AADn1BQaAAxLF_QMyU8NkW47a?dl=0**>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/351dwor6joz8nwh/AADn1BQaAAxLF_QMyU8NkW47a?dl=0]]
181 +
182 +
183 +
154 154  === 2.2.4 Use CoAP protocol to uplink data ===
155 155  
156 -**Note: if you don't have CoAP server, you can refer this link to set up one: **[[**http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Set%20up%20CoAP%20Server/**>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Set%20up%20CoAP%20Server/]]
157 157  
158 -**Use below commands:**
187 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: if you don't have CoAP server, you can refer this link to set up one:**(%%)** **[[**http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Set%20up%20CoAP%20Server/**>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Set%20up%20CoAP%20Server/]]
159 159  
160 -* **AT+PRO=1**   ~/~/ Set to use CoAP protocol to uplink
161 -* **AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5683   ** ~/~/ to set CoAP server address and port
162 -* **AT+URI=5,11,"mqtt",11,"coap",12,"0",15,"c=text1",23,"0" ** ~/~/Set COAP resource path
163 163  
190 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Use below commands:**
191 +
192 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+PRO=1**                         (%%) ~/~/  Set to use CoAP protocol to uplink
193 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5683   ** (%%) ~/~/  to set CoAP server address and port
194 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+URI=5,11,"mqtt",11,"coap",12,"0",15,"c=text1",23,"0" ** (%%) ~/~/  Set COAP resource path
195 +
164 164  For parameter description, please refer to AT command set
165 165  
166 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
198 +
167 167  [[image:image-20220907153551-7.png||height="502" width="740"]]
168 168  
169 -After configure the server address and **reset the device** (via AT+ATZ ), NSPH01 will start to uplink sensor values to CoAP server.
170 170  
171 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
202 +After configure the server address and (% style="color:green" %)**reset the device (via AT+ATZ )**(%%), NSPH01 will start to uplink sensor values to CoAP server.
203 +
204 +
172 172  [[image:image-20220907153612-8.png||height="529" width="729"]]
173 173  
174 174  
208 +
175 175  === 2.2.5 Use UDP protocol to uplink data(Default protocol) ===
176 176  
211 +
177 177  This feature is supported since firmware version v1.0.1
178 178  
179 -* **AT+PRO=2   ** ~/~/ Set to use UDP protocol to uplink
180 -* **AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5601   ** ~/~/ to set UDP server address and port
181 -* **AT+CFM=1       ** ~/~/If the server does not respond, this command is unnecessar
214 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=2   ** (%%) ~/~/  Set to use UDP protocol to uplink
215 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5601   ** (%%) ~/~/  to set UDP server address and port
216 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CFM=1       ** (%%) ~/~/  If the server does not respond, this command is unnecessar
182 182  
183 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
184 184  [[image:image-20220907153643-9.png||height="401" width="734"]]
185 185  
186 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
220 +
187 187  [[image:image-20220907153703-10.png||height="309" width="738"]]
188 188  
189 189  
224 +
190 190  === 2.2.6 Use MQTT protocol to uplink data ===
191 191  
227 +
192 192  This feature is supported since firmware version v110
193 193  
194 -* **AT+PRO=3   ** ~/~/Set to use MQTT protocol to uplink
195 -* **AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,1883   ** ~/~/Set MQTT server address and port
196 -* **AT+CLIENT=CLIENT       ** ~/~/Set up the CLIENT of MQTT
197 -* **AT+UNAME=UNAME                               **~/~/Set the username of MQTT
198 -* **AT+PWD=PWD                                        **~/~/Set the password of MQTT
199 -* **AT+PUBTOPIC=NSE01_PUB                    **~/~/Set the sending topic of MQTT
200 -* **AT+SUBTOPIC=NSE01_SUB          ** ~/~/Set the subscription topic of MQTT
230 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=3   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use MQTT protocol to uplink
231 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,1883   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set MQTT server address and port
232 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CLIENT=CLIENT       ** (%%) ~/~/ Set up the CLIENT of MQTT
233 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+UNAME=UNAME                               **(%%)~/~/ Set the username of MQTT
234 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PWD=PWD                                        **(%%)~/~/ Set the password of MQTT
235 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PUBTOPIC=NSE01_PUB                    **(%%)~/~/ Set the sending topic of MQTT
236 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SUBTOPIC=NSE01_SUB          ** (%%) ~/~/ Set the subscription topic of MQTT
201 201  
202 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
203 203  [[image:image-20220907153739-11.png||height="491" width="764"]]
204 204  
205 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
240 +
206 206  [[image:image-20220907153751-12.png||height="555" width="769"]]
207 207  
243 +
208 208  MQTT protocol has a much higher power consumption compare vs UDP / CoAP protocol. Please check the power analyze document and adjust the uplink period to a suitable interval.
209 209  
246 +
247 +
248 +
210 210  === 2.2.7 Use TCP protocol to uplink data ===
211 211  
251 +
212 212  This feature is supported since firmware version v110
213 213  
214 -* **AT+PRO=4   ** ~/~/ Set to use TCP protocol to uplink
215 -* **AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5600   ** ~/~/ to set TCP server address and port
254 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=4   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use TCP protocol to uplink
255 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5600   ** (%%) ~/~/ to set TCP server address and port
216 216  
217 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
218 218  [[image:image-20220907153818-13.png||height="486" width="668"]]
219 219  
220 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
259 +
221 221  [[image:image-20220907153827-14.png||height="236" width="684"]]
222 222  
262 +
263 +
223 223  === 2.2.8 Change Update Interval ===
224 224  
225 -User can use below command to change the **uplink interval**.
226 226  
227 -* **AT+TDC=600      ** ~/~/ Set Update Interval to 600s
267 +Users can use the below command to change the **uplink interval**.
228 228  
229 -**NOTE:**
269 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+TDC=7200      ** (%%) ~/~/ Set Update Interval to 7200s (2 hour)
230 230  
231 -**~1. By default, the device will send an uplink message every 2 hour.**
271 +(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE: By default, the device will send an uplink message every 2 hours. Each Uplink Include 8 set of records in this 2 hour (15 minute interval / record).**
232 232  
273 +
274 +
233 233  == 2.3  Uplink Payload ==
234 234  
277 +
235 235  In this mode, uplink payload includes 87 bytes in total by default.
236 236  
237 237  Each time the device uploads a data package, 8 sets of recorded data will be attached. Up to 32 sets of recorded data can be uploaded.
238 238  
239 -(% style="width:934px" %)
240 -|(% style="width:93px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:82px" %)**8**|(% style="width:43px" %)**2**|(% style="width:41px" %)**2**|(% style="width:126px" %)**1**|(% style="width:54px" %)**1**|(% style="width:84px" %)1|(% style="width:75px" %)2|(% style="width:133px" %)2|(% style="width:70px" %)2|(% style="width:127px" %)4   
241 -|(% style="width:93px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:82px" %)Device ID|(% style="width:43px" %)Ver|(% style="width:41px" %)BAT|(% style="width:126px" %)Signal Strength|(% style="width:54px" %)MOD|(% style="width:84px" %)Interrupt|(% style="width:75px" %)Soil PH|(% style="width:133px" %)Soil Temperature|(% style="width:70px" %)Soil PH|(% style="width:127px" %)Time stamp  .....
282 +(% border="1.5" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:520px" %)
283 +|=(% scope="row" style="width: 50px;" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:40px" %)**8**|(% style="width:20px" %)**2**|(% style="width:25px" %)**2**|(% style="width:60px" %)**1**|(% style="width:20px" %)**1**|(% style="width:40px" %)**1**|(% style="width:40px" %)**2**|(% style="width:50px" %)**2**|(% style="width:50px" %)**4**|(% style="width:50px" %)**2**|(% style="width:30px" %)**2**|(% style="width:40px" %)**4**
284 +|=(% style="width: 96px;" %)**Value**|(% style="width:83px" %)Device ID|(% style="width:44px" %)Ver|(% style="width:42px" %)BAT|(% style="width:124px" %)Signal Strength|(% style="width:57px" %)MOD|(% style="width:80px" %)Interrupt|(% style="width:69px" %)Soil PH|(% style="width:134px" %)Soil Temperature|(% style="width:98px" %)Time stamp|(% style="width:134px" %)Soil Temperature|(% style="width:68px" %)Soil PH|(% style="width:125px" %)Time stamp  .....
242 242  
243 -|**Size(bytes)**|**8**|**2**|**2**|1|1|1|2|2|4|2|2|4
244 -|**Value**|Device ID|Ver|BAT|Signal Strength|MOD|Interrupt|Soil PH|Soil Temperature|Time stamp|Soil Temperature|Soil PH|Time stamp  .....
245 -
246 246  If we use the MQTT client to subscribe to this MQTT topic, we can see the following information when the NSPH01 uplink data.
247 247  
248 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
249 249  [[image:image-20220907153902-15.png||height="581" width="804"]]
250 250  
251 251  
291 +(((
252 252  The payload is ASCII string, representative same HEX:
293 +)))
253 253  
254 -0xf86841105675413800640c781701000225010b6315537b010b0226631550fb010e022663154d7701110225631549f1011502246315466b01190223631542e5011d022163153f62011e022163153bde011e022163153859 where:
295 +(((
296 +
297 +)))
255 255  
256 -* Device ID: 0xf868411056754138 = f868411056754138
257 -* Version: 0x0064=100=1.0.0
299 +(((
300 +**0x (% style="color:red" %)__f868411056754138__  (% style="color:blue" %)__0064 __ (% style="color:green" %)__0c78__  (% style="color:#00b0f0" %)__17__  (% style="color:#7030a0" %)__01__  (% style="color:#d60093" %)__00__  (% style="color:#a14d07" %)__0225 __ (% style="color:#0020b0" %) __010b__  (% style="color:#420042" %)__6315537b__  (% style="color:#663300" %)//__010b0226631550fb__  __010e022663154d77  01110225631549f1  011502246315466b  01190223631542e5  011d022163153f62  011e022163153bde 011e022163153859__//(%%)**
301 +)))
258 258  
259 -* BAT: 0x0c78 = 3192 mV = 3.192V
260 -* Singal: 0x17 = 23
261 -* Mod: 0x01 = 1
262 -* Interrupt: 0x00= 0
263 -* Soil PH: 0x0225= 549 = 5.49
264 -* Soil Temperature:0x010B =267=26.7 °C
265 -* Time stamp : 0x6315537b =1662342011
266 -* Soil Temperature,Soil PH,Time stamp : 010b0226631550fb
267 -* 8 sets of recorded data: Temperature,Soil PH,Time stamp : 010e022663154d77,.......
303 +(((
304 +
268 268  
306 +**where:**
307 +)))
308 +
309 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Device ID:**(%%)** **0xf868411056754138 = f868411056754138
310 +
311 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Version:**  (%%) 0x0064=100=1.0.0
312 +
313 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**BAT:**   (%%) 0x0c78 = 3192 mV = 3.192V
314 +
315 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Singal:** (%%)0x17 = 23
316 +
317 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Mod:** (%%) 0x01 = 1
318 +
319 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interrupt:**(%%) 0x00= 0
320 +
321 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Soil PH:** (%%) 0x0225= 549 = 5.49
322 +
323 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Soil Temperature:**(%%) 0x010b =267=26.7 °C
324 +
325 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Time stamp :**   (%%) 0x6315537b =1662342011  ([[Unix Epoch Time>>url:http://www.epochconverter.com/]])
326 +
327 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Soil Temperature,Soil PH,Time stamp : **(%%) 010b0226631550fb
328 +
329 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**8 sets of recorded data:**(%%) Temperature,Soil PH,Time stamp :  010e022663154d77,.......
330 +
331 +
269 269  == 2.4  Payload Explanation and Sensor Interface ==
270 270  
334 +
271 271  === 2.4.1  Device ID ===
272 272  
337 +
273 273  By default, the Device ID equal to the last 15 bits of IMEI.
274 274  
275 -User can use **AT+DEUI** to set Device ID
340 +User can use (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DEUI** (%%)to set Device ID
276 276  
342 +
277 277  **Example:**
278 278  
279 279  AT+DEUI=868411056754138
... ... @@ -280,14 +280,20 @@
280 280  
281 281  The Device ID is stored in a none-erase area, Upgrade the firmware or run AT+FDR won't erase Device ID.
282 282  
349 +
350 +
283 283  === 2.4.2  Version Info ===
284 284  
353 +
285 285  Specify the software version: 0x64=100, means firmware version 1.00.
286 286  
287 287  For example: 0x00 64 : this device is NSPH01 with firmware version 1.0.0.
288 288  
358 +
359 +
289 289  === 2.4.3  Battery Info ===
290 290  
362 +
291 291  Check the battery voltage for NSPH01.
292 292  
293 293  Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
... ... @@ -294,8 +294,11 @@
294 294  
295 295  Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
296 296  
369 +
370 +
297 297  === 2.4.4  Signal Strength ===
298 298  
373 +
299 299  NB-IoT Network signal Strength.
300 300  
301 301  **Ex1: 0x1d = 29**
... ... @@ -310,18 +310,25 @@
310 310  
311 311  **99**    Not known or not detectable
312 312  
388 +
389 +
313 313  === 2.4.5  Soil PH ===
314 314  
392 +
315 315  Get the PH content of the soil. The value range of the register is 300-1000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of PH in the soil.
316 316  
317 -For example, if the data you get from the register is **__0x05 0xDC__**, the PH content in the soil is
395 +For example, if the data you get from the register is (% style="color:blue" %)**__0x05 0xDC__**(%%), the PH content in the soil is
318 318  
319 -**0229(H) = 549(D) /100 = 5.49.**
397 +(% style="color:blue" %)**0229(H) = 549(D) /100 = 5.49.**
320 320  
399 +
400 +
321 321  === 2.4.6  Soil Temperature ===
322 322  
323 -Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is **__0x09 0xEC__**, the temperature content in the soil is
324 324  
404 +Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is (% style="color:blue" %)**__0x09 0xEC__**(%%), the temperature content in the soil is
405 +
406 +
325 325  **Example**:
326 326  
327 327  If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/10 = 26.1 °C
... ... @@ -328,56 +328,62 @@
328 328  
329 329  If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/10 = -12.9 °C
330 330  
413 +
414 +
331 331  === 2.4.7  Timestamp ===
332 332  
417 +
333 333  Time stamp : 0x6315537b =1662342011
334 334  
335 335  Convert Unix timestamp to time 2022-9-5 9:40:11.
336 336  
422 +
423 +
337 337  === 2.4.8  Digital Interrupt ===
338 338  
339 -Digital Interrupt refers to pin **GPIO_EXTI**, and there are different trigger methods. When there is a trigger, the NSPH01 will send a packet to the server.
340 340  
427 +Digital Interrupt refers to pin (% style="color:blue" %)**GPIO_EXTI**(%%), and there are different trigger methods. When there is a trigger, the NSPH01 will send a packet to the server.
428 +
341 341  The command is:
342 342  
343 -**AT+INTMOD=3 ** ~/~/(more info about INMOD please refer [[**AT Command Manual**>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/NB-IoT/NBSN95/DRAGINO_NBSN95-NB_AT%20Commands_v1.1.0.pdf]])**.**
431 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+INTMOD=3 ** (%%) ~/~/(more info about INMOD please refer [[**AT Command Manual**>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/NB-IoT/NBSN95/DRAGINO_NBSN95-NB_AT%20Commands_v1.1.0.pdf]])**.**
344 344  
345 345  The lower four bits of this data field shows if this packet is generated by interrupt or not. Click here for the hardware and software set up.
346 346  
347 -Example:
348 348  
436 +**Example:**
437 +
349 349  0x(00): Normal uplink packet.
350 350  
351 351  0x(01): Interrupt Uplink Packet.
352 352  
442 +
443 +
353 353  === 2.4.9  ​+5V Output ===
354 354  
446 +
355 355  NSPH01 will enable +5V output before all sampling and disable the +5v after all sampling. 
356 356  
357 357  The 5V output time can be controlled by AT Command.
358 358  
359 -**AT+5VT=1000**
451 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+5VT=1000**
360 360  
361 361  Means set 5V valid time to have 1000ms. So the real 5V output will actually have 1000ms + sampling time for other sensors.** **
362 362  
363 363  
456 +
364 364  == 2.5  Downlink Payload ==
365 365  
459 +
366 366  By default, NSPH01 prints the downlink payload to console port.
367 367  
368 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
369 369  [[image:image-20220907154636-17.png]]
370 370  
371 371  
465 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:**
372 372  
467 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)** Set TDC**
373 373  
374 -
375 -
376 -
377 -**Examples:**
378 -
379 -* **Set TDC**
380 -
381 381  If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
382 382  
383 383  Payload:    01 00 00 1E    TDC=30S
... ... @@ -384,16 +384,19 @@
384 384  
385 385  Payload:    01 00 00 3C    TDC=60S
386 386  
387 -* **Reset**
475 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)** Reset**
388 388  
389 389  If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the NSPH01
390 390  
391 -* **INTMOD**
479 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)** INTMOD**
392 392  
393 393  Downlink Payload: 06000003, Set AT+INTMOD=3
394 394  
483 +
484 +
395 395  == 2.6  ​LED Indicator ==
396 396  
487 +
397 397  The NSPH01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
398 398  
399 399  * When power on, NSPH01 will detect if sensor probe is connected, if probe detected, LED will blink four times. (no blinks in this step is no probe)
... ... @@ -401,16 +401,22 @@
401 401  * After NSPH01 join NB-IoT network. The LED will be ON for 3 seconds.
402 402  * For each uplink probe, LED will be on for 500ms.
403 403  
404 -== 2.7 Installation and Maintain ==
495 +== 2.7  Installation and Maintain ==
405 405  
406 -=== 2.7.1 Before measurement ===
407 407  
498 +=== 2.7.1  Before measurement ===
499 +
500 +
408 408  If the NSPH01 has more than 7 days not use or just clean the pH probe. User should put the probe inside pure water for more than 24 hours for activation. If no put in water, user need to put inside soil for more than 24 hours to ensure the measurement accuracy. 
409 409  
410 -=== 2.7.2 Measurement ===
411 411  
412 -**Measurement the soil surface:**
413 413  
505 +=== 2.7.2  Measurement ===
506 +
507 +
508 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Measurement the soil surface:**
509 +
510 +
414 414  [[image:image-20220907154700-18.png]] ​
415 415  
416 416  Choose the proper measuring position. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep.
... ... @@ -421,14 +421,18 @@
421 421  
422 422  Put soil over the probe after insert. And start to measure.
423 423  
424 -**Measurement inside soil:**
425 425  
522 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Measurement inside soil:**
523 +
426 426  Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
427 427  
428 428  Insert the probe inside, method like measure the surface.
429 429  
430 -=== 2.7.3 Maintain Probe ===
431 431  
529 +
530 +=== 2.7.3  Maintain Probe ===
531 +
532 +
432 432  1. pH probe electrode is fragile and no strong. User must avoid strong force or hitting it.
433 433  1. After long time use (3~~ 6  months). The probe electrode needs to be clean; user can use high grade sandpaper to polish it or put in 5% hydrochloric acid for several minutes. After the metal probe looks like new, user can use pure water to wash it.
434 434  1. Probe reference electrode is also no strong, need to avoid strong force or hitting.
... ... @@ -436,12 +436,13 @@
436 436  1. Avoid the probes to touch oily matter. Which will cause issue in accuracy.
437 437  1. The probe is IP68 can be put in water.
438 438  
439 -== 2.8 PH and Temperature alarm function ==
540 +== 2.8  PH and Temperature alarm function ==
440 440  
441 -➢ AT Command:
442 442  
443 -AT+ PHALARM=min,max
543 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**➢ AT Command:**
444 444  
545 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+ PHALARM=min,max**
546 +
445 445  ² When min=3, and max≠0, Alarm higher than max
446 446  
447 447  ² When min≠0, and max=0, Alarm lower than min
... ... @@ -448,10 +448,11 @@
448 448  
449 449  ² When min≠0 and max≠0, Alarm higher than max or lower than min
450 450  
451 -Example:
452 452  
453 -AT+ PHALARM =5,8 ~/~/ Alarm when PH lower than 5.
554 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**
454 454  
556 +AT+ PHALARM =5,8  ~/~/ Alarm when PH lower than 5.
557 +
455 455  AT+ TEMPALARM=min,max
456 456  
457 457  ² When min=0, and max≠0, Alarm higher than max
... ... @@ -460,55 +460,71 @@
460 460  
461 461  ² When min≠0 and max≠0, Alarm higher than max or lower than min
462 462  
463 -Example:
464 464  
465 -AT+ TEMPALARM=20,30 ~/~/ Alarm when temperature lower than 20.
567 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**
466 466  
569 +AT+ TEMPALARM=20,30  ~/~/ Alarm when temperature lower than 20.
467 467  
468 -== 2.9 Set the number of data to be uploaded and the recording time ==
469 469  
470 -➢ AT Command:
471 471  
472 -AT+TR=900  ~/~/The unit is seconds, and the default is to record data once every 900 seconds.( The minimum can be set to 180 seconds)
573 +== 2.9  Set the number of data to be uploaded and the recording time ==
473 473  
474 474  
475 -AT+NOUD=8  ~/~/The device uploads 8 sets of recorded data by default. Up to 32 sets of record data can be uploaded.
576 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**➢ AT Command:**
476 476  
477 -== 2.10 Read or Clear cached data ==
578 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+TR=900**     (%%) ~/~/  The unit is seconds, and the default is to record data once every 900 seconds.( The minimum can be set to 180 seconds)
579 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+NOUD=8**     (%%) ~/~/  The device uploads 8 sets of recorded data by default. Up to 32 sets of record data can be uploaded.
478 478  
479 -➢ AT Command:
581 + The diagram below explains the relationship between TR, NOUD, and TDC more clearly**:**
480 480  
481 -AT+CDP ~/~/ Read cached data
583 +[[image:image-20221009000933-1.png||height="750" width="1043"]]
482 482  
585 +
586 +
587 +== 2.10  Read or Clear cached data ==
588 +
589 +
590 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**➢ AT Command:**
591 +
592 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CDP**        (%%) ~/~/  Read cached data
593 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CDP=0**    (%%) ~/~/  Clear cached data
594 +
483 483  [[image:image-20220907154700-19.png]]
484 484  
485 485  
486 -AT+CDP=0 ~/~/ Clear cached data
487 487  
599 +== 2.11  Calibration ==
488 488  
489 -== 2.11 Calibration ==
490 490  
491 491  User can do calibration for the probe. It is limited to use below pH buffer solution to calibrate: 4.00, 6.86, 9.18. When calibration, user need to clean the electrode and put the probe in the pH buffer solution to wait the value stable ( a new clean electrode might need max 24 hours to be stable).
492 492  
493 493  After stable, user can use below command to calibrate.
494 494  
606 +
495 495  [[image:image-20220907154700-20.png]] ​
496 496  
609 +
610 +
497 497  == 2.12  ​Firmware Change Log ==
498 498  
499 -Download URL & Firmware Change log: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/1zmcakvbkf24f8x/AACmq2dZ3iRB9F1nVWeEB9Moa?dl=0>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/1zmcakvbkf24f8x/AACmq2dZ3iRB9F1nVWeEB9Moa?dl=0]]
500 500  
501 -Upgrade Instruction: [[Upgrade Firmware>>path:#H5.1200BHowtoUpgradeFirmware]]
614 +Download URL & Firmware Change log: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/1tv07fro2pvjqj8/AAD-2wbfGfluTZfh38fQqdA_a?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/1tv07fro2pvjqj8/AAD-2wbfGfluTZfh38fQqdA_a?dl=0]]
502 502  
616 +Upgrade Instruction: [[Upgrade Firmware>>||anchor="H5.1200BHowtoUpgradeFirmware"]]
617 +
618 +
619 +
503 503  == 2.13  ​Battery Analysis ==
504 504  
622 +
505 505  === 2.13.1  ​Battery Type ===
506 506  
625 +
507 507  The NSPH01 battery is a combination of an 8500mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is none-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
508 508  
509 509  The battery is designed to last for several years depends on the actually use environment and update interval. 
510 510  
511 -The battery related documents as below:
630 +The battery-related documents as below:
512 512  
513 513  * [[Battery Dimension>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]
514 514  * [[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]
... ... @@ -516,15 +516,18 @@
516 516  
517 517  [[image:image-20220907154700-21.png]] ​
518 518  
638 +
639 +
519 519  === 2.13.2  Power consumption Analyze ===
520 520  
642 +
521 521  Dragino battery powered product are all runs in Low Power mode. We have an update battery calculator which base on the measurement of the real device. User can use this calculator to check the battery life and calculate the battery life if want to use different transmit interval.
522 522  
523 523  Instruction to use as below:
524 524  
525 -**Step 1:  **Downlink the up-to-date DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Prediction_Table.xlsx from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/]]
647 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1:  **(%%)Downlink the up-to-date DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Prediction_Table.xlsx from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/]]
526 526  
527 -**Step 2: ** Open it and choose
649 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: **(%%) Open it and choose
528 528  
529 529  * Product Model
530 530  * Uplink Interval
... ... @@ -532,34 +532,45 @@
532 532  
533 533  And the Life expectation in difference case will be shown on the right.
534 534  
535 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
657 +
536 536  [[image:image-20220907154700-22.jpeg]]
537 537  
538 538  ​
539 539  
662 +
540 540  === 2.13.3  ​Battery Note ===
541 541  
665 +
542 542  The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
543 543  
668 +
669 +
544 544  === 2.13.4  Replace the battery ===
545 545  
672 +
546 546  The default battery pack of NSPH01 includes a ER26500 plus super capacitor. If user can't find this pack locally, they can find ER26500 or equivalence without the SPC1520 capacitor, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes).
547 547  
675 +
676 +
548 548  = 3. ​ Access NB-IoT Module =
549 549  
679 +
550 550  Users can directly access the AT command set of the NB-IoT module.
551 551  
552 552  The AT Command set can refer the BC35-G NB-IoT Module AT Command: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/other_vendors/BC35-G/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/other_vendors/BC35-G/]] 
553 553  
554 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
684 +
555 555  [[image:image-20220907154700-23.png]]
556 556  
557 557  ​
558 558  
689 +
559 559  = 4.  Using the AT Commands =
560 560  
692 +
561 561  == 4.1  Access AT Commands ==
562 562  
695 +
563 563  See this link for detail:  [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/351dwor6joz8nwh/AADn1BQaAAxLF_QMyU8NkW47a?dl=0>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/351dwor6joz8nwh/AADn1BQaAAxLF_QMyU8NkW47a?dl=0]]
564 564  
565 565  AT+<CMD>?  : Help on <CMD>
... ... @@ -570,8 +570,9 @@
570 570  
571 571  AT+<CMD>=?  : Get the value
572 572  
573 -**General Commands**      
574 574  
707 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**General Commands**      
708 +
575 575  AT  : Attention       
576 576  
577 577  AT?  : Short Help     
... ... @@ -596,13 +596,18 @@
596 596  
597 597  AT+TR      : Get or Set record time"
598 598  
733 +AT+APN     : Get or set the APN
599 599  
600 -AT+NOUD      : Get or Set the number of data to be uploaded
735 +AT+FBAND   : Get or Set whether to automatically modify the frequency band
601 601  
737 +AT+DNSCFG  : Get or Set DNS Server
602 602  
603 -AT+CDP     : Read or Clear cached data
739 +AT+GETSENSORVALUE   : Returns the current sensor measurement
604 604  
741 +AT+NOUD      : Get or Set the number of data to be uploaded
605 605  
743 +AT+CDP     : Read or Clear cached data
744 +
606 606  AT+TEMPALARM      : Get or Set alarm of temp
607 607  
608 608  AT+PHALARM     : Get or Set alarm of PH
... ... @@ -610,16 +610,18 @@
610 610  AT+ PHCAL  : calibrate PH value
611 611  
612 612  
613 -**COAP Management**      
752 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**COAP Management**      
614 614  
615 615  AT+URI            : Resource parameters
616 616  
617 -**UDP Management**
618 618  
757 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**UDP Management**
758 +
619 619  AT+CFM          : Upload confirmation mode (only valid for UDP)
620 620  
621 -**MQTT Management**
622 622  
762 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**MQTT Management**
763 +
623 623  AT+CLIENT               : Get or Set MQTT client
624 624  
625 625  AT+UNAME  : Get or Set MQTT Username
... ... @@ -630,54 +630,79 @@
630 630  
631 631  AT+SUBTOPIC  : Get or Set MQTT subscription topic
632 632  
633 -**Information**          
634 634  
775 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Information**          
776 +
635 635  AT+FDR  : Factory Data Reset
636 636  
637 637  AT+PWORD  : Serial Access Password
638 638  
781 +
782 +
639 639  = ​5.  FAQ =
640 640  
785 +
641 641  == 5.1 ​ How to Upgrade Firmware ==
642 642  
788 +
643 643  User can upgrade the firmware for 1) bug fix, 2) new feature release.
644 644  
645 645  Please see this link for how to upgrade:  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H2.HardwareUpgradeMethodSupportList>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H2.HardwareUpgradeMethodSupportList]]
646 646  
647 -**Notice, **NSPH01 **and **NSPH01 **share the same mother board. They use the same connection and method to update.**
793 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice, NSPH01 and LSPH01 share the same mother board. They use the same connection and method to update.**
648 648  
795 +
796 +
649 649  == 5.2  Can I calibrate NSPH01 to different soil types? ==
650 650  
799 +
651 651  NSPH01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20220605.pdf]].
652 652  
802 +
803 +
653 653  = 6.  Trouble Shooting =
654 654  
806 +
655 655  == 6.1  ​Connection problem when uploading firmware ==
656 656  
809 +
657 657  **Please see: **[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H3.3Troubleshooting>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H3.3Troubleshooting]]
658 658  
812 +
813 +
659 659  == 6.2  AT Command input doesn't work ==
660 660  
661 -In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the **ENTER** while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send **ENTER** while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
662 662  
817 +In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER** (%%)while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
818 +
819 +
820 +
663 663  = 7. ​ Order Info =
664 664  
823 +
665 665  Part Number**:** NSPH01
666 666  
826 +
827 +
667 667  = 8.  Packing Info =
668 668  
830 +
669 669  **Package Includes**:
670 670  
671 -* NSPH01 NB-IoT Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
833 +* NSPH01 NB-IoT pH Sensor x 1
672 672  * External antenna x 1
673 673  
674 674  **Dimension and weight**:
675 675  
676 -* Size: 195 x 125 x 55 mm
677 -* Weight:   420g
838 +* Device Size: cm
839 +* Device Weight: g
840 +* Package Size / pcs : cm
841 +* Weight / pcs : g
678 678  
843 +
679 679  = 9.  Support =
680 680  
846 +
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