Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

Version 31.21 by Xiaoling on 2022/06/07 10:07

version	line-number	content
4.2	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
31.14	2	[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg\|\|height="554" width="554"]]
1.1	3
	4
	5
31.17	6	Contents:
1.1	7
31.17	8	{{toc/}}
1.1	9
	10
	11
	12
31.17	13
	14
12.2	15	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	16
12.2	17	== 1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
1.1	18
12.2	19	(((
	20	The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
	21	)))
1.1	22
12.2	23	(((
	24	It detects (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Moisture(%%), (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Temperature(%%) and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Conductivity(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
	25	)))
1.1	26
12.2	27	(((
4.2	28	The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
12.2	29	)))
4.2	30
12.2	31	(((
	32	LES01 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
	33	)))
4.2	34
12.2	35	(((
4.2	36	Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
12.2	37	)))
4.2	38
	39
12.2	40	[[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
4.2	41
	42
13.2	43	[[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
4.2	44
	45
	46
13.3	47	== 1.2 Features ==
	48
4.2	49	* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
	50	* Ultra low power consumption
	51	* Monitor Soil Moisture
	52	* Monitor Soil Temperature
	53	* Monitor Soil Conductivity
	54	* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
	55	* AT Commands to change parameters
	56	* Uplink on periodically
	57	* Downlink to change configure
	58	* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
	59	* 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
	60
31.15	61
13.3	62	== 1.3 Specification ==
	63
4.2	64	Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
	65
14.2	66	[[image:image-20220606162220-5.png]]
	67
4.2	68
	69
14.3	70	== 1.4 Applications ==
4.2	71
	72	* Smart Agriculture
	73
15.6	74	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
	75
4.2	76
15.6	77	== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
	78
	79
14.3	80	LSE01 v1.0 : Release
4.2	81
14.3	82
	83
	84	= 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
	85
	86	== 2.1 How it works ==
	87
15.3	88	(((
4.2	89	The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
15.3	90	)))
4.2	91
15.3	92	(((
15.4	93	In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>\|\|anchor="H3.UsingtheATCommands"]].
15.3	94	)))
4.2	95
	96
	97
14.4	98	== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
4.2	99
	100	Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
	101
	102
15.2	103	[[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
4.2	104
	105
	106	The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
	107
	108
	109	Step 1: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
	110
	111	Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
	112
17.2	113	[[image:image-20220606163732-6.jpeg]]
4.2	114
	115	You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
	116
	117	Add APP EUI in the application
	118
	119
17.2	120	[[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
4.2	121
	122
	123
	124	Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
	125
18.2	126	[[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
4.2	127
	128
19.2	129
4.2	130	Step 2: Power on LSE01
	131
	132
	133	Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
	134
19.2	135	[[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
4.2	136
	137
	138	Step 3: The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
	139
20.2	140	[[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
4.2	141
	142
	143
20.3	144	== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
4.2	145
20.3	146	=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
4.2	147
4.4	148	LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
4.2	149
	150
	151	Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
	152
	153
31.17	154	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)
	155	\|=(((
4.2	156	Size
	157
	158	(bytes)
31.17	159	)))\|=(% style="width: 46px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 160px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 104px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 126px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 159px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 114px;" %)1
31.18	160	\|Value\|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(% style="width:160px" %)(((
4.2	161	Temperature
	162
	163	(Reserve, Ignore now)
31.19	164	)))\|(% style="width:104px" %)[[Soil Moisture>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]\|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Soil Temperature>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]\|(% style="width:159px" %)[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]\|(% style="width:114px" %)(((
4.2	165	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	166
	167	(Optional)
	168	)))
	169
22.2	170	[[image:1654504881641-514.png]]
4.2	171
	172
	173
22.2	174	=== 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
	175
4.2	176	This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
	177
31.17	178	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)
	179	\|=(((
4.2	180	Size
	181
	182	(bytes)
31.17	183	)))\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=1
31.20	184	\|Value\|[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(((
4.2	185	Temperature
	186
	187	(Reserve, Ignore now)
31.21	188	)))\|[[Soil Moisture>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]\|[[Soil Temperature>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]\|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)\|(((
4.2	189	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	190
	191	(Optional)
	192	)))
	193
22.2	194	[[image:1654504907647-967.png]]
4.2	195
	196
22.2	197
	198	=== 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
	199
4.2	200	Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
	201
	202	Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
	203
	204	Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
	205
	206
	207
22.3	208	=== 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
4.2	209
	210	Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
	211
22.4	212	For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
4.2	213
	214
22.4	215	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.
4.2	216
22.4	217
4.2	218
22.5	219	=== 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
	220
4.2	221	Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
	222
	223	Example:
	224
	225	If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
	226
	227	If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
	228
	229
	230
22.6	231	=== 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
	232
23.2	233	(((
	234	Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble salt concentration__(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__planting medium__(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
	235	)))
4.2	236
23.2	237	(((
4.2	238	For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
23.2	239	)))
4.2	240
23.2	241	(((
4.2	242	Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
23.2	243	)))
4.2	244
23.2	245	(((
	246
	247	)))
4.2	248
23.2	249	(((
	250
	251	)))
	252
	253	=== 2.3.7 MOD ===
	254
4.2	255	Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
	256
	257	For example, bytes[10]=90
	258
	259	mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
	260
	261
	262	Downlink Command:
	263
	264	If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
	265
	266	If payload = 0x0A01, workmode=1
	267
	268
	269
23.2	270	=== 2.3.8 Decode payload in The Things Network ===
	271
4.2	272	While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
	273
	274
23.2	275	[[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
4.2	276
	277	The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
	278
	279	LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/]]
	280
	281
23.3	282	== 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
4.2	283
	284	The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:
	285
	286	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands#Change_Uplink_Interval>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands#Change_Uplink_Interval]]
	287
	288
24.2	289
	290	== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
	291
4.2	292	By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
	293
24.2	294	[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
4.2	295
24.2	296
26.2	297	Examples:
4.2	298
	299
26.2	300	* Set TDC
4.2	301
	302	If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
	303
	304	Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S
	305
	306	Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S
	307
	308
26.2	309	* Reset
4.2	310
	311	If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
	312
	313
26.2	314	* CFM
4.2	315
	316	Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
	317
	318
26.2	319
	320	== 2.6 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
	321
4.2	322	[[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
	323
	324
	325	Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
	326
	327	Step 2: To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
	328
	329
26.2	330	[[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
4.2	331
	332
26.2	333	[[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
4.2	334
	335	Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake.
	336
	337	Step 4: Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
	338
	339
27.2	340	[[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
4.2	341
	342
	343	After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
	344
28.2	345	[[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
4.2	346
	347
	348
28.4	349	== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
4.2	350
	351	The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
	352
	353
28.5	354	=== 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
4.2	355
28.5	356	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	357
4.2	358	868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	359
	360	868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
	361
	362	868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	363
	364	867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	365
	366	867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	367
	368	867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	369
	370	867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	371
	372	867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	373
	374	868.8 - FSK
	375
	376
28.5	377	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	378
	379	Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
	380
	381	869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	382
	383
	384
28.5	385	=== 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
	386
4.2	387	Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
	388
28.5	389	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	390
	391	903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	392
	393	904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	394
	395	904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	396
	397	904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	398
	399	904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	400
	401	904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	402
	403	905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	404
	405	905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	406
	407
28.5	408	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	409
	410	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	411
	412	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	413
	414	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	415
	416	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	417
	418	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	419
	420	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	421
	422	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	423
	424	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	425
	426	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	427
	428
	429
28.5	430	=== 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
	431
4.2	432	Used in China, Default use CHE=1
	433
28.5	434	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	435
	436	486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	437
	438	486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	439
	440	486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	441
	442	486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	443
	444	487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	445
	446	487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	447
	448	487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	449
	450	487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	451
	452
28.5	453	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	454
	455	506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	456
	457	506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	458
	459	507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	460
	461	507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	462
	463	507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	464
	465	507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	466
	467	507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	468
	469	508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	470
	471	505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	472
	473
	474
28.5	475	=== 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
	476
4.2	477	Default use CHE=2
	478
28.5	479	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	480
	481	916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	482
	483	917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	484
	485	917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	486
	487	917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	488
	489	917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	490
	491	917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	492
	493	918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	494
	495	918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	496
	497
28.5	498	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	499
	500	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	501
	502	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	503
	504	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	505
	506	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	507
	508	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	509
	510	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	511
	512	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	513
	514	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	515
	516	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	517
	518
28.6	519
	520	=== 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
	521
28.7	522	(% style="color:#037691" %)Default Uplink channel:
4.2	523
	524	923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	525
	526	923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	527
	528
28.7	529	(% style="color:#037691" %)Additional Uplink Channel:
4.2	530
	531	(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
	532
28.7	533	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore:
4.2	534
	535	922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	536
	537	922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	538
	539	922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	540
	541	922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	542
	543	923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	544
	545	922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	546
	547
28.7	548	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam:
4.2	549
	550	923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	551
	552	923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	553
	554	924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	555
	556	924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	557
	558	924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	559
	560	924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	561
	562
28.7	563	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	564
	565	Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
	566
	567	923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	568
	569
	570
28.7	571	=== 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
	572
4.2	573	Default channel:
	574
	575	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	576
	577	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	578
	579	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	580
	581
28.7	582	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
4.2	583
	584	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	585
	586	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	587
	588	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	589
	590	922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	591
	592	922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	593
	594	923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	595
	596	923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	597
	598
28.7	599	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	600
	601	Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
	602
	603	921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
	604
	605
	606
28.7	607	=== 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
4.2	608
28.7	609	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	610
4.2	611	865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	612
	613	865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	614
	615	865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	616
	617
28.7	618	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	619
	620	Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
	621
	622	866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	623
	624
	625
28.7	626
	627	== 2.8 LED Indicator ==
	628
4.2	629	The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
	630
	631	* Blink once when device power on.
	632	* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
	633	* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
	634
28.8	635	== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
	636
4.2	637	Measurement the soil surface
	638
	639
29.2	640	[[image:1654506634463-199.png]]
4.2	641
29.2	642	(((
31.8	643	(((
4.2	644	Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
29.2	645	)))
31.8	646	)))
4.2	647
	648
30.2	649	[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
4.2	650
31.8	651	(((
4.2	652	Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
31.8	653	)))
4.2	654
31.8	655	(((
4.2	656	Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
31.8	657	)))
4.2	658
	659
30.3	660	== 2.10 Firmware Change Log ==
4.2	661
31.7	662	(((
4.2	663	Firmware download link:
31.7	664	)))
4.2	665
31.7	666	(((
4.2	667	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
31.7	668	)))
4.2	669
31.7	670	(((
	671
	672	)))
4.2	673
31.7	674	(((
30.4	675	Firmware Upgrade Method: [[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
31.7	676	)))
4.2	677
31.7	678	(((
	679
	680	)))
4.2	681
31.7	682	(((
4.2	683	V1.0.
31.7	684	)))
4.2	685
31.7	686	(((
4.2	687	Release
31.7	688	)))
4.2	689
	690
31.2	691	== 2.11 Battery Analysis ==
4.2	692
31.2	693	=== 2.11.1 Battery Type ===
4.2	694
31.6	695	(((
4.2	696	The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
31.6	697	)))
4.2	698
31.6	699	(((
4.2	700	The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
31.6	701	)))
4.2	702
31.2	703	(((
31.6	704	(((
31.2	705	The battery-related documents are as below:
	706	)))
31.6	707	)))
4.2	708
31.2	709	* (((
	710	[[Battery Dimension>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/&file=LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf]],
4.2	711	)))
31.2	712	* (((
	713	[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER26500/ER26500_Datasheet-EN.pdf]],
	714	)))
	715	* (((
	716	[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg]], [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf]]
	717	)))
4.2	718
31.2	719	[[image:image-20220606171726-9.png]]
4.2	720
	721
	722
31.2	723	=== 2.11.2 Battery Note ===
4.2	724
31.3	725	(((
4.2	726	The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
31.3	727	)))
4.2	728
	729
	730
31.2	731	=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
	732
31.3	733	(((
4.2	734	If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
31.3	735	)))
4.2	736
31.3	737	(((
4.2	738	You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
31.3	739	)))
4.2	740
31.3	741	(((
4.2	742	The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
31.3	743	)))
4.2	744
	745
	746
9.2	747	= 3. Using the AT Commands =
4.2	748
9.2	749	== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
	750
11.4	751
4.2	752	LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
	753
9.2	754	[[image:1654501986557-872.png]]
4.2	755
	756
	757	Or if you have below board, use below connection:
	758
	759
11.2	760	[[image:1654502005655-729.png]]
4.2	761
	762
	763
11.2	764	In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)9600(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
4.2	765
	766
11.2	767	[[image:1654502050864-459.png]]
4.2	768
	769
	770	Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]
	771
	772
11.4	773	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? (%%) : Help on <CMD>
4.2	774
11.4	775	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> (%%) : Run <CMD>
4.2	776
11.4	777	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>(%%) : Set the value
4.2	778
11.4	779	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?(%%) : Get the value
4.2	780
	781
11.6	782	(% style="color:#037691" %)General Commands(%%)
4.2	783
11.6	784	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT(%%) : Attention
4.2	785
11.6	786	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT?(%%) : Short Help
4.2	787
11.6	788	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)ATZ(%%) : MCU Reset
4.2	789
11.6	790	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TDC(%%) : Application Data Transmission Interval
4.2	791
	792
11.4	793	(% style="color:#037691" %)Keys, IDs and EUIs management
4.2	794
11.6	795	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPEUI(%%) : Application EUI
4.2	796
11.6	797	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPKEY(%%) : Application Key
4.2	798
11.6	799	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPSKEY(%%) : Application Session Key
4.2	800
11.6	801	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DADDR(%%) : Device Address
4.2	802
11.6	803	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DEUI(%%) : Device EUI
4.2	804
11.6	805	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKID(%%) : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection)
4.2	806
11.6	807	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKSKEY(%%) : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network
4.2	808
11.6	809	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFM(%%) : Confirm Mode
4.2	810
11.6	811	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFS(%%) : Confirm Status
4.2	812
11.6	813	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JOIN(%%) : Join LoRa? Network
4.2	814
11.6	815	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJM(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Mode
4.2	816
11.6	817	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJS(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Status
4.2	818
11.6	819	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECV(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
4.2	820
11.6	821	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECVB(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format
4.2	822
11.6	823	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SEND(%%) : Send Text Data
4.2	824
11.6	825	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SENB(%%) : Send Hexadecimal Data
4.2	826
	827
11.4	828	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Network Management
4.2	829
11.6	830	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ADR(%%) : Adaptive Rate
4.2	831
11.6	832	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CLASS(%%) : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
4.2	833
11.6	834	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DCS(%%) : Duty Cycle Setting
4.2	835
11.6	836	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DR(%%) : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)
4.2	837
11.6	838	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCD(%%) : Frame Counter Downlink
4.2	839
11.6	840	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCU(%%) : Frame Counter Uplink
4.2	841
11.6	842	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN1DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay1
4.2	843
11.6	844	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN2DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay2
4.2	845
11.6	846	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PNM(%%) : Public Network Mode
4.2	847
11.6	848	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX1DL(%%) : Receive Delay1
4.2	849
11.6	850	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DL(%%) : Receive Delay2
4.2	851
11.6	852	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DR(%%) : Rx2 Window Data Rate
4.2	853
11.6	854	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2FQ(%%) : Rx2 Window Frequency
4.2	855
11.6	856	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TXP(%%) : Transmit Power
4.2	857
11.6	858	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ MOD(%%) : Set work mode
4.2	859
	860
11.4	861	(% style="color:#037691" %)Information
4.2	862
11.6	863	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RSSI(%%) : RSSI of the Last Received Packet
4.2	864
11.6	865	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SNR(%%) : SNR of the Last Received Packet
4.2	866
11.6	867	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+VER(%%) : Image Version and Frequency Band
4.2	868
11.6	869	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FDR(%%) : Factory Data Reset
4.2	870
11.6	871	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PORT(%%) : Application Port
4.2	872
11.6	873	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHS(%%) : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
4.2	874
11.6	875	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHE(%%) : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
4.2	876
	877
6.3	878	= 4. FAQ =
4.2	879
6.3	880	== 4.1 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
	881
31.12	882	You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>\|\|anchor="H2.10FirmwareChangeLog"]].
4.2	883	When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.
	884
	885
8.3	886	How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
4.2	887
	888
	889	You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
	890
	891
	892	For example, in US915 band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
	893
8.2	894	[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
4.2	895
	896	When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
	897
	898	* 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	899	* 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	900	* 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	901	* 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	902	* 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	903	* 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	904	* 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	905	* 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	906	* 904.6 - SF8BW500
	907
	908	Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
	909
8.3	910	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	911	(((
4.2	912	AT+CHE=2
8.3	913	)))
4.2	914
8.3	915	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	916	(((
4.2	917	ATZ
8.3	918	)))
4.2	919
	920	to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
	921
	922
	923	The AU915 band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
	924
8.2	925	[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
4.2	926
	927
	928
4.8	929	= 5. Trouble Shooting =
4.2	930
4.9	931	== 5.1 Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
	932
4.11	933	It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome\|\|anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details.
4.2	934
	935
4.10	936	== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work ==
4.2	937
6.2	938	In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
4.2	939
	940
4.10	941	== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
4.2	942
6.2	943	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Issue describe as below:
4.2	944
6.2	945	[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
4.2	946
	947
6.2	948	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Cause for this issue:
4.2	949
	950	The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
	951
	952
6.2	953	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Solution:
4.2	954
	955	All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
	956
6.2	957	[[image:1654500929571-736.png]]
4.2	958
4.7	959
4.4	960	= 6. Order Info =
4.2	961
	962
4.6	963	Part Number: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LSE01-XX-YY
4.2	964
	965
4.6	966	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)XX(%%): The default frequency band
4.2	967
4.4	968	* (% style="color:red" %)AS923(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
	969	* (% style="color:red" %)AU915(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
	970	* (% style="color:red" %)EU433(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
	971	* (% style="color:red" %)EU868(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
	972	* (% style="color:red" %)KR920(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
	973	* (% style="color:red" %)US915(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
4.5	974	* (% style="color:red" %)IN865(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band
4.4	975	* (% style="color:red" %)CN470(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
4.2	976
4.4	977	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)YY(%%): Battery Option
4.2	978
4.4	979	* (% style="color:red" %)4(%%): 4000mAh battery
	980	* (% style="color:red" %)8(%%): 8500mAh battery
4.2	981
31.10	982	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
	983	(((
	984
	985	)))
	986
4.3	987	= 7. Packing Info =
4.2	988
4.3	989	(((
4.2	990	Package Includes:
4.3	991	)))
4.2	992
4.3	993	* (((
	994	LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
	995	)))
4.2	996
4.3	997	(((
	998
	999	)))
4.2	1000
4.3	1001	(((
4.2	1002	Dimension and weight:
4.3	1003	)))
4.2	1004
4.3	1005	* (((
	1006	Device Size: cm
	1007	)))
	1008	* (((
	1009	Device Weight: g
	1010	)))
	1011	* (((
	1012	Package Size / pcs : cm
	1013	)))
	1014	* (((
	1015	Weight / pcs : g
31.11	1016
	1017
	1018
4.3	1019	)))
4.2	1020
4.3	1021	= 8. Support =
4.2	1022
	1023	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
	1024	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
	1025
27.2	1026

Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

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