Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

Version 31.36 by Xiaoling on 2022/06/07 10:34

version	line-number	content
4.2	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
31.14	2	[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg\|\|height="554" width="554"]]
1.1	3
	4
	5
31.17	6	Contents:
1.1	7
31.17	8	{{toc/}}
1.1	9
	10
	11
	12
31.17	13
	14
12.2	15	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	16
12.2	17	== 1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
1.1	18
12.2	19	(((
	20	The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
	21	)))
1.1	22
12.2	23	(((
	24	It detects (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Moisture(%%), (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Temperature(%%) and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Conductivity(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
	25	)))
1.1	26
12.2	27	(((
4.2	28	The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
12.2	29	)))
4.2	30
12.2	31	(((
	32	LES01 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
	33	)))
4.2	34
12.2	35	(((
4.2	36	Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
12.2	37	)))
4.2	38
	39
12.2	40	[[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
4.2	41
	42
13.2	43	[[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
4.2	44
	45
	46
13.3	47	== 1.2 Features ==
	48
4.2	49	* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
	50	* Ultra low power consumption
	51	* Monitor Soil Moisture
	52	* Monitor Soil Temperature
	53	* Monitor Soil Conductivity
	54	* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
	55	* AT Commands to change parameters
	56	* Uplink on periodically
	57	* Downlink to change configure
	58	* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
	59	* 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
	60
31.32	61
13.3	62	== 1.3 Specification ==
	63
4.2	64	Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
	65
14.2	66	[[image:image-20220606162220-5.png]]
	67
4.2	68
	69
14.3	70	== 1.4 Applications ==
4.2	71
	72	* Smart Agriculture
	73
15.6	74	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
	75
4.2	76
15.6	77	== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
	78
	79
14.3	80	LSE01 v1.0 : Release
4.2	81
14.3	82
	83
	84	= 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
	85
	86	== 2.1 How it works ==
	87
15.3	88	(((
4.2	89	The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
15.3	90	)))
4.2	91
15.3	92	(((
31.33	93	In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>\|\|anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
15.3	94	)))
4.2	95
	96
	97
14.4	98	== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
4.2	99
	100	Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
	101
	102
15.2	103	[[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
4.2	104
	105
	106	The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
	107
	108
	109	Step 1: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
	110
	111	Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
	112
17.2	113	[[image:image-20220606163732-6.jpeg]]
4.2	114
	115	You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
	116
	117	Add APP EUI in the application
	118
	119
17.2	120	[[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
4.2	121
	122
	123
	124	Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
	125
18.2	126	[[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
4.2	127
	128
19.2	129
4.2	130	Step 2: Power on LSE01
	131
	132
	133	Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
	134
19.2	135	[[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
4.2	136
	137
	138	Step 3: The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
	139
20.2	140	[[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
4.2	141
	142
	143
20.3	144	== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
4.2	145
20.3	146	=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
4.2	147
4.4	148	LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
4.2	149
	150
	151	Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
	152
	153
31.17	154	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)
	155	\|=(((
4.2	156	Size
	157
	158	(bytes)
31.17	159	)))\|=(% style="width: 46px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 160px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 104px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 126px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 159px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 114px;" %)1
31.18	160	\|Value\|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(% style="width:160px" %)(((
4.2	161	Temperature
	162
	163	(Reserve, Ignore now)
31.19	164	)))\|(% style="width:104px" %)[[Soil Moisture>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]\|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Soil Temperature>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]\|(% style="width:159px" %)[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]\|(% style="width:114px" %)(((
4.2	165	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	166
	167	(Optional)
	168	)))
	169
22.2	170	[[image:1654504881641-514.png]]
4.2	171
	172
	173
22.2	174	=== 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
	175
4.2	176	This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
	177
31.17	178	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)
	179	\|=(((
4.2	180	Size
	181
	182	(bytes)
31.17	183	)))\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=1
31.20	184	\|Value\|[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(((
4.2	185	Temperature
	186
	187	(Reserve, Ignore now)
31.21	188	)))\|[[Soil Moisture>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]\|[[Soil Temperature>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]\|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)\|(((
4.2	189	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	190
	191	(Optional)
	192	)))
	193
22.2	194	[[image:1654504907647-967.png]]
4.2	195
	196
22.2	197
	198	=== 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
	199
4.2	200	Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
	201
	202	Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
	203
	204	Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
	205
	206
	207
22.3	208	=== 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
4.2	209
	210	Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
	211
22.4	212	For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
4.2	213
	214
22.4	215	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.
4.2	216
22.4	217
4.2	218
22.5	219	=== 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
	220
4.2	221	Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
	222
	223	Example:
	224
	225	If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
	226
	227	If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
	228
	229
	230
22.6	231	=== 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
	232
23.2	233	(((
	234	Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble salt concentration__(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__planting medium__(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
	235	)))
4.2	236
23.2	237	(((
4.2	238	For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
23.2	239	)))
4.2	240
23.2	241	(((
4.2	242	Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
23.2	243	)))
4.2	244
23.2	245	(((
	246
	247	)))
4.2	248
23.2	249	(((
	250
	251	)))
	252
	253	=== 2.3.7 MOD ===
	254
4.2	255	Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
	256
	257	For example, bytes[10]=90
	258
	259	mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
	260
	261
31.23	262	Downlink Command:
4.2	263
	264	If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
	265
	266	If payload = 0x0A01, workmode=1
	267
	268
	269
23.2	270	=== 2.3.8 Decode payload in The Things Network ===
	271
4.2	272	While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
	273
	274
23.2	275	[[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
4.2	276
	277	The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
	278
	279	LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/]]
	280
	281
31.27	282
23.3	283	== 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
4.2	284
31.26	285	The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome\|\|anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
4.2	286
	287
	288
24.2	289	== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
	290
4.2	291	By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
	292
24.2	293	[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
4.2	294
24.2	295
26.2	296	Examples:
4.2	297
	298
26.2	299	* Set TDC
4.2	300
	301	If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
	302
	303	Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S
	304
	305	Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S
	306
	307
26.2	308	* Reset
4.2	309
	310	If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
	311
	312
26.2	313	* CFM
4.2	314
	315	Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
	316
	317
26.2	318
	319	== 2.6 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
	320
4.2	321	[[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
	322
	323
	324	Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
	325
	326	Step 2: To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
	327
	328
26.2	329	[[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
4.2	330
	331
26.2	332	[[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
4.2	333
	334	Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake.
	335
	336	Step 4: Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
	337
	338
27.2	339	[[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
4.2	340
	341
	342	After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
	343
28.2	344	[[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
4.2	345
	346
	347
28.4	348	== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
4.2	349
	350	The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
	351
	352
28.5	353	=== 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
4.2	354
28.5	355	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	356
4.2	357	868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	358
	359	868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
	360
	361	868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	362
	363	867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	364
	365	867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	366
	367	867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	368
	369	867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	370
	371	867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	372
	373	868.8 - FSK
	374
	375
28.5	376	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	377
	378	Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
	379
	380	869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	381
	382
	383
28.5	384	=== 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
	385
4.2	386	Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
	387
28.5	388	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	389
	390	903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	391
	392	904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	393
	394	904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	395
	396	904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	397
	398	904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	399
	400	904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	401
	402	905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	403
	404	905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	405
	406
28.5	407	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	408
	409	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	410
	411	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	412
	413	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	414
	415	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	416
	417	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	418
	419	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	420
	421	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	422
	423	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	424
	425	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	426
	427
	428
28.5	429	=== 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
	430
4.2	431	Used in China, Default use CHE=1
	432
28.5	433	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	434
	435	486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	436
	437	486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	438
	439	486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	440
	441	486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	442
	443	487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	444
	445	487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	446
	447	487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	448
	449	487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	450
	451
28.5	452	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	453
	454	506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	455
	456	506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	457
	458	507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	459
	460	507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	461
	462	507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	463
	464	507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	465
	466	507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	467
	468	508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	469
	470	505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	471
	472
	473
28.5	474	=== 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
	475
4.2	476	Default use CHE=2
	477
28.5	478	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	479
	480	916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	481
	482	917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	483
	484	917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	485
	486	917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	487
	488	917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	489
	490	917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	491
	492	918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	493
	494	918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	495
	496
28.5	497	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	498
	499	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	500
	501	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	502
	503	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	504
	505	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	506
	507	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	508
	509	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	510
	511	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	512
	513	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	514
	515	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	516
	517
28.6	518
	519	=== 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
	520
28.7	521	(% style="color:#037691" %)Default Uplink channel:
4.2	522
	523	923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	524
	525	923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	526
	527
28.7	528	(% style="color:#037691" %)Additional Uplink Channel:
4.2	529
	530	(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
	531
28.7	532	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore:
4.2	533
	534	922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	535
	536	922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	537
	538	922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	539
	540	922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	541
	542	923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	543
	544	922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	545
	546
28.7	547	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam:
4.2	548
	549	923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	550
	551	923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	552
	553	924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	554
	555	924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	556
	557	924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	558
	559	924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	560
	561
28.7	562	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	563
	564	Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
	565
	566	923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	567
	568
	569
28.7	570	=== 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
	571
4.2	572	Default channel:
	573
	574	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	575
	576	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	577
	578	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	579
	580
28.7	581	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
4.2	582
	583	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	584
	585	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	586
	587	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	588
	589	922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	590
	591	922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	592
	593	923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	594
	595	923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	596
	597
28.7	598	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	599
	600	Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
	601
	602	921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
	603
	604
	605
28.7	606	=== 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
4.2	607
28.7	608	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	609
4.2	610	865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	611
	612	865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	613
	614	865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	615
	616
28.7	617	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	618
	619	Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
	620
	621	866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	622
	623
	624
28.7	625
	626	== 2.8 LED Indicator ==
	627
4.2	628	The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
	629
	630	* Blink once when device power on.
	631	* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
	632	* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
	633
31.34	634
	635
28.8	636	== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
	637
4.2	638	Measurement the soil surface
	639
	640
29.2	641	[[image:1654506634463-199.png]]
4.2	642
29.2	643	(((
31.8	644	(((
4.2	645	Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
29.2	646	)))
31.8	647	)))
4.2	648
	649
30.2	650	[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
4.2	651
31.8	652	(((
4.2	653	Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
31.8	654	)))
4.2	655
31.8	656	(((
4.2	657	Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
31.8	658	)))
4.2	659
	660
30.3	661	== 2.10 Firmware Change Log ==
4.2	662
31.7	663	(((
4.2	664	Firmware download link:
31.7	665	)))
4.2	666
31.7	667	(((
4.2	668	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
31.7	669	)))
4.2	670
31.7	671	(((
	672
	673	)))
4.2	674
31.7	675	(((
30.4	676	Firmware Upgrade Method: [[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
31.7	677	)))
4.2	678
31.7	679	(((
	680
	681	)))
4.2	682
31.7	683	(((
4.2	684	V1.0.
31.7	685	)))
4.2	686
31.7	687	(((
4.2	688	Release
31.7	689	)))
4.2	690
	691
31.2	692	== 2.11 Battery Analysis ==
4.2	693
31.2	694	=== 2.11.1 Battery Type ===
4.2	695
31.6	696	(((
4.2	697	The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
31.6	698	)))
4.2	699
31.6	700	(((
4.2	701	The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
31.6	702	)))
4.2	703
31.2	704	(((
31.6	705	(((
31.2	706	The battery-related documents are as below:
	707	)))
31.6	708	)))
4.2	709
31.2	710	* (((
	711	[[Battery Dimension>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/&file=LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf]],
4.2	712	)))
31.2	713	* (((
	714	[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER26500/ER26500_Datasheet-EN.pdf]],
	715	)))
	716	* (((
	717	[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg]], [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf]]
	718	)))
4.2	719
31.2	720	[[image:image-20220606171726-9.png]]
4.2	721
	722
	723
31.2	724	=== 2.11.2 Battery Note ===
4.2	725
31.3	726	(((
4.2	727	The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
31.3	728	)))
4.2	729
	730
	731
31.2	732	=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
	733
31.3	734	(((
4.2	735	If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
31.3	736	)))
4.2	737
31.3	738	(((
4.2	739	You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
31.3	740	)))
4.2	741
31.3	742	(((
4.2	743	The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
31.3	744	)))
4.2	745
	746
	747
9.2	748	= 3. Using the AT Commands =
4.2	749
9.2	750	== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
	751
11.4	752
4.2	753	LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
	754
31.28	755	[[image:1654501986557-872.png\|\|height="391" width="800"]]
4.2	756
	757
	758	Or if you have below board, use below connection:
	759
	760
31.28	761	[[image:1654502005655-729.png\|\|height="503" width="801"]]
4.2	762
	763
	764
11.2	765	In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)9600(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
4.2	766
	767
31.28	768	[[image:1654502050864-459.png\|\|height="564" width="806"]]
4.2	769
	770
	771	Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]
	772
	773
11.4	774	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? (%%) : Help on <CMD>
4.2	775
11.4	776	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> (%%) : Run <CMD>
4.2	777
11.4	778	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>(%%) : Set the value
4.2	779
11.4	780	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?(%%) : Get the value
4.2	781
	782
11.6	783	(% style="color:#037691" %)General Commands(%%)
4.2	784
11.6	785	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT(%%) : Attention
4.2	786
11.6	787	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT?(%%) : Short Help
4.2	788
11.6	789	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)ATZ(%%) : MCU Reset
4.2	790
11.6	791	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TDC(%%) : Application Data Transmission Interval
4.2	792
	793
11.4	794	(% style="color:#037691" %)Keys, IDs and EUIs management
4.2	795
11.6	796	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPEUI(%%) : Application EUI
4.2	797
11.6	798	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPKEY(%%) : Application Key
4.2	799
11.6	800	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPSKEY(%%) : Application Session Key
4.2	801
11.6	802	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DADDR(%%) : Device Address
4.2	803
11.6	804	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DEUI(%%) : Device EUI
4.2	805
11.6	806	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKID(%%) : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection)
4.2	807
11.6	808	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKSKEY(%%) : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network
4.2	809
11.6	810	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFM(%%) : Confirm Mode
4.2	811
11.6	812	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFS(%%) : Confirm Status
4.2	813
11.6	814	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JOIN(%%) : Join LoRa? Network
4.2	815
11.6	816	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJM(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Mode
4.2	817
11.6	818	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJS(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Status
4.2	819
11.6	820	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECV(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
4.2	821
11.6	822	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECVB(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format
4.2	823
11.6	824	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SEND(%%) : Send Text Data
4.2	825
11.6	826	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SENB(%%) : Send Hexadecimal Data
4.2	827
	828
11.4	829	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Network Management
4.2	830
11.6	831	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ADR(%%) : Adaptive Rate
4.2	832
11.6	833	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CLASS(%%) : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
4.2	834
11.6	835	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DCS(%%) : Duty Cycle Setting
4.2	836
11.6	837	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DR(%%) : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)
4.2	838
11.6	839	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCD(%%) : Frame Counter Downlink
4.2	840
11.6	841	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCU(%%) : Frame Counter Uplink
4.2	842
11.6	843	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN1DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay1
4.2	844
11.6	845	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN2DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay2
4.2	846
11.6	847	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PNM(%%) : Public Network Mode
4.2	848
11.6	849	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX1DL(%%) : Receive Delay1
4.2	850
11.6	851	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DL(%%) : Receive Delay2
4.2	852
11.6	853	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DR(%%) : Rx2 Window Data Rate
4.2	854
11.6	855	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2FQ(%%) : Rx2 Window Frequency
4.2	856
11.6	857	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TXP(%%) : Transmit Power
4.2	858
11.6	859	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ MOD(%%) : Set work mode
4.2	860
	861
11.4	862	(% style="color:#037691" %)Information
4.2	863
11.6	864	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RSSI(%%) : RSSI of the Last Received Packet
4.2	865
11.6	866	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SNR(%%) : SNR of the Last Received Packet
4.2	867
11.6	868	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+VER(%%) : Image Version and Frequency Band
4.2	869
11.6	870	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FDR(%%) : Factory Data Reset
4.2	871
11.6	872	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PORT(%%) : Application Port
4.2	873
11.6	874	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHS(%%) : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
4.2	875
11.6	876	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHE(%%) : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
4.2	877
	878
6.3	879	= 4. FAQ =
4.2	880
6.3	881	== 4.1 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
	882
31.35	883	(((
31.24	884	You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>\|\|anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
4.2	885	When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.
31.35	886	)))
4.2	887
31.35	888	(((
	889
	890	)))
4.2	891
31.35	892	(((
8.3	893	How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
31.35	894	)))
4.2	895
31.35	896	(((
	897
	898	)))
4.2	899
31.35	900	(((
4.2	901	You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
31.35	902	)))
4.2	903
31.35	904	(((
	905
	906	)))
4.2	907
31.35	908	(((
4.2	909	For example, in US915 band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
31.35	910	)))
4.2	911
8.2	912	[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
4.2	913
31.36	914
4.2	915	When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
	916
	917	* 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	918	* 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	919	* 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	920	* 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	921	* 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	922	* 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	923	* 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	924	* 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	925	* 904.6 - SF8BW500
	926
	927	Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
	928
8.3	929	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	930	(((
4.2	931	AT+CHE=2
8.3	932	)))
4.2	933
8.3	934	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	935	(((
4.2	936	ATZ
8.3	937	)))
4.2	938
	939	to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
	940
	941
	942	The AU915 band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
	943
8.2	944	[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
4.2	945
	946
	947
4.8	948	= 5. Trouble Shooting =
4.2	949
4.9	950	== 5.1 Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
	951
4.11	952	It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome\|\|anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details.
4.2	953
	954
4.10	955	== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work ==
4.2	956
31.29	957	(((
6.2	958	In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
31.29	959	)))
4.2	960
	961
4.10	962	== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
4.2	963
6.2	964	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Issue describe as below:
4.2	965
6.2	966	[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
4.2	967
	968
6.2	969	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Cause for this issue:
4.2	970
31.30	971	(((
4.2	972	The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
31.30	973	)))
4.2	974
	975
6.2	976	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Solution:
4.2	977
	978	All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
	979
31.31	980	[[image:1654500929571-736.png\|\|height="458" width="832"]]
4.2	981
4.7	982
4.4	983	= 6. Order Info =
4.2	984
	985
4.6	986	Part Number: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LSE01-XX-YY
4.2	987
	988
4.6	989	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)XX(%%): The default frequency band
4.2	990
4.4	991	* (% style="color:red" %)AS923(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
	992	* (% style="color:red" %)AU915(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
	993	* (% style="color:red" %)EU433(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
	994	* (% style="color:red" %)EU868(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
	995	* (% style="color:red" %)KR920(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
	996	* (% style="color:red" %)US915(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
4.5	997	* (% style="color:red" %)IN865(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band
4.4	998	* (% style="color:red" %)CN470(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
4.2	999
4.4	1000	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)YY(%%): Battery Option
4.2	1001
4.4	1002	* (% style="color:red" %)4(%%): 4000mAh battery
	1003	* (% style="color:red" %)8(%%): 8500mAh battery
4.2	1004
31.10	1005	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
	1006	(((
	1007
	1008	)))
	1009
4.3	1010	= 7. Packing Info =
4.2	1011
4.3	1012	(((
4.2	1013	Package Includes:
4.3	1014	)))
4.2	1015
4.3	1016	* (((
	1017	LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
	1018	)))
4.2	1019
4.3	1020	(((
	1021
	1022	)))
4.2	1023
4.3	1024	(((
4.2	1025	Dimension and weight:
4.3	1026	)))
4.2	1027
4.3	1028	* (((
	1029	Device Size: cm
	1030	)))
	1031	* (((
	1032	Device Weight: g
	1033	)))
	1034	* (((
	1035	Package Size / pcs : cm
	1036	)))
	1037	* (((
	1038	Weight / pcs : g
31.11	1039
	1040
	1041
4.3	1042	)))
4.2	1043
4.3	1044	= 8. Support =
4.2	1045
	1046	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
	1047	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
	1048
27.2	1049

Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

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