Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

Version 31.18 by Xiaoling on 2022/06/07 09:34

version	line-number	content
4.2	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
31.14	2	[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg\|\|height="554" width="554"]]
1.1	3
	4
	5
31.17	6	Contents:
1.1	7
31.17	8	{{toc/}}
1.1	9
	10
	11
	12
31.17	13
	14
12.2	15	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	16
12.2	17	== 1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
1.1	18
12.2	19	(((
	20	The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
	21	)))
1.1	22
12.2	23	(((
	24	It detects (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Moisture(%%), (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Temperature(%%) and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Conductivity(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
	25	)))
1.1	26
12.2	27	(((
4.2	28	The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
12.2	29	)))
4.2	30
12.2	31	(((
	32	LES01 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
	33	)))
4.2	34
12.2	35	(((
4.2	36	Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
12.2	37	)))
4.2	38
	39
12.2	40	[[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
4.2	41
	42
13.2	43	[[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
4.2	44
	45
	46
13.3	47	== 1.2 Features ==
	48
4.2	49	* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
	50	* Ultra low power consumption
	51	* Monitor Soil Moisture
	52	* Monitor Soil Temperature
	53	* Monitor Soil Conductivity
	54	* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
	55	* AT Commands to change parameters
	56	* Uplink on periodically
	57	* Downlink to change configure
	58	* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
	59	* 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
	60
31.15	61
	62
13.3	63	== 1.3 Specification ==
	64
4.2	65	Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
	66
14.2	67	[[image:image-20220606162220-5.png]]
	68
4.2	69
	70
14.3	71	== 1.4 Applications ==
4.2	72
	73	* Smart Agriculture
	74
15.6	75	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
	76
4.2	77
15.6	78	== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
	79
	80
14.3	81	LSE01 v1.0 : Release
4.2	82
14.3	83
	84
	85	= 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
	86
	87	== 2.1 How it works ==
	88
15.3	89	(((
4.2	90	The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
15.3	91	)))
4.2	92
15.3	93	(((
15.4	94	In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>\|\|anchor="H3.UsingtheATCommands"]].
15.3	95	)))
4.2	96
	97
	98
14.4	99	== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
4.2	100
	101	Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
	102
	103
15.2	104	[[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
4.2	105
	106
	107	The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
	108
	109
	110	Step 1: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
	111
	112	Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
	113
17.2	114	[[image:image-20220606163732-6.jpeg]]
4.2	115
	116	You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
	117
	118	Add APP EUI in the application
	119
	120
17.2	121	[[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
4.2	122
	123
	124
	125	Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
	126
18.2	127	[[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
4.2	128
	129
19.2	130
4.2	131	Step 2: Power on LSE01
	132
	133
	134	Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
	135
19.2	136	[[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
4.2	137
	138
	139	Step 3: The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
	140
20.2	141	[[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
4.2	142
	143
	144
20.3	145	== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
4.2	146
20.3	147	=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
4.2	148
4.4	149	LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
4.2	150
	151
	152	Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
	153
	154
31.17	155	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)
	156	\|=(((
4.2	157	Size
	158
	159	(bytes)
31.17	160	)))\|=(% style="width: 46px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 160px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 104px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 126px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 159px;" %)2\|=(% style="width: 114px;" %)1
31.18	161	\|Value\|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(% style="width:160px" %)(((
4.2	162	Temperature
	163
	164	(Reserve, Ignore now)
31.17	165	)))\|(% style="width:104px" %)[[Soil Moisture>>path:#soil_moisture]]\|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Soil Temperature>>path:#soil_tem]]\|(% style="width:159px" %)[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>path:#EC]]\|(% style="width:114px" %)(((
4.2	166	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	167
	168	(Optional)
	169	)))
	170
22.2	171	[[image:1654504881641-514.png]]
4.2	172
	173
	174
22.2	175	=== 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
	176
4.2	177	This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
	178
31.17	179	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %)
	180	\|=(((
4.2	181	Size
	182
	183	(bytes)
31.17	184	)))\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=2\|=1
4.2	185	\|Value\|[[BAT>>path:#bat]]\|(((
	186	Temperature
	187
	188	(Reserve, Ignore now)
	189	)))\|[[Soil Moisture>>path:#soil_moisture]](raw)\|[[Soil Temperature>>path:#soil_tem]]\|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>path:#EC]](raw)\|(((
	190	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	191
	192	(Optional)
	193	)))
	194
22.2	195	[[image:1654504907647-967.png]]
4.2	196
	197
22.2	198
	199	=== 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
	200
4.2	201	Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
	202
	203	Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
	204
	205	Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
	206
	207
	208
22.3	209	=== 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
4.2	210
	211	Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
	212
22.4	213	For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
4.2	214
	215
22.4	216	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.
4.2	217
22.4	218
4.2	219
22.5	220	=== 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
	221
4.2	222	Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
	223
	224	Example:
	225
	226	If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
	227
	228	If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
	229
	230
	231
22.6	232	=== 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
	233
23.2	234	(((
	235	Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble salt concentration__(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__planting medium__(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
	236	)))
4.2	237
23.2	238	(((
4.2	239	For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
23.2	240	)))
4.2	241
23.2	242	(((
4.2	243	Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
23.2	244	)))
4.2	245
23.2	246	(((
	247
	248	)))
4.2	249
23.2	250	(((
	251
	252	)))
	253
	254	=== 2.3.7 MOD ===
	255
4.2	256	Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
	257
	258	For example, bytes[10]=90
	259
	260	mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
	261
	262
	263	Downlink Command:
	264
	265	If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
	266
	267	If payload = 0x0A01, workmode=1
	268
	269
	270
23.2	271	=== 2.3.8 Decode payload in The Things Network ===
	272
4.2	273	While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
	274
	275
23.2	276	[[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
4.2	277
	278	The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
	279
	280	LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/]]
	281
	282
23.3	283	== 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
4.2	284
	285	The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:
	286
	287	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands#Change_Uplink_Interval>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands#Change_Uplink_Interval]]
	288
	289
24.2	290
	291	== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
	292
4.2	293	By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
	294
24.2	295	[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
4.2	296
24.2	297
26.2	298	Examples:
4.2	299
	300
26.2	301	* Set TDC
4.2	302
	303	If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
	304
	305	Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S
	306
	307	Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S
	308
	309
26.2	310	* Reset
4.2	311
	312	If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
	313
	314
26.2	315	* CFM
4.2	316
	317	Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
	318
	319
26.2	320
	321	== 2.6 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
	322
4.2	323	[[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
	324
	325
	326	Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
	327
	328	Step 2: To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
	329
	330
26.2	331	[[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
4.2	332
	333
26.2	334	[[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
4.2	335
	336	Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake.
	337
	338	Step 4: Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
	339
	340
27.2	341	[[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
4.2	342
	343
	344	After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
	345
28.2	346	[[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
4.2	347
	348
	349
28.4	350	== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
4.2	351
	352	The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
	353
	354
28.5	355	=== 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
4.2	356
28.5	357	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	358
4.2	359	868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	360
	361	868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
	362
	363	868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	364
	365	867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	366
	367	867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	368
	369	867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	370
	371	867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	372
	373	867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	374
	375	868.8 - FSK
	376
	377
28.5	378	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	379
	380	Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
	381
	382	869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	383
	384
	385
28.5	386	=== 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
	387
4.2	388	Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
	389
28.5	390	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	391
	392	903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	393
	394	904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	395
	396	904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	397
	398	904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	399
	400	904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	401
	402	904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	403
	404	905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	405
	406	905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	407
	408
28.5	409	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	410
	411	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	412
	413	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	414
	415	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	416
	417	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	418
	419	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	420
	421	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	422
	423	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	424
	425	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	426
	427	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	428
	429
	430
28.5	431	=== 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
	432
4.2	433	Used in China, Default use CHE=1
	434
28.5	435	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	436
	437	486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	438
	439	486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	440
	441	486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	442
	443	486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	444
	445	487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	446
	447	487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	448
	449	487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	450
	451	487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	452
	453
28.5	454	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	455
	456	506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	457
	458	506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	459
	460	507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	461
	462	507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	463
	464	507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	465
	466	507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	467
	468	507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	469
	470	508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	471
	472	505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	473
	474
	475
28.5	476	=== 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
	477
4.2	478	Default use CHE=2
	479
28.5	480	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	481
	482	916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	483
	484	917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	485
	486	917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	487
	488	917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	489
	490	917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	491
	492	917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	493
	494	918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	495
	496	918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	497
	498
28.5	499	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	500
	501	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	502
	503	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	504
	505	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	506
	507	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	508
	509	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	510
	511	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	512
	513	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	514
	515	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	516
	517	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	518
	519
28.6	520
	521	=== 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
	522
28.7	523	(% style="color:#037691" %)Default Uplink channel:
4.2	524
	525	923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	526
	527	923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	528
	529
28.7	530	(% style="color:#037691" %)Additional Uplink Channel:
4.2	531
	532	(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
	533
28.7	534	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore:
4.2	535
	536	922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	537
	538	922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	539
	540	922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	541
	542	922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	543
	544	923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	545
	546	922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	547
	548
28.7	549	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam:
4.2	550
	551	923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	552
	553	923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	554
	555	924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	556
	557	924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	558
	559	924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	560
	561	924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	562
	563
28.7	564	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	565
	566	Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
	567
	568	923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	569
	570
	571
28.7	572	=== 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
	573
4.2	574	Default channel:
	575
	576	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	577
	578	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	579
	580	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	581
	582
28.7	583	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
4.2	584
	585	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	586
	587	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	588
	589	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	590
	591	922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	592
	593	922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	594
	595	923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	596
	597	923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	598
	599
28.7	600	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	601
	602	Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
	603
	604	921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
	605
	606
	607
28.7	608	=== 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
4.2	609
28.7	610	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	611
4.2	612	865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	613
	614	865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	615
	616	865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	617
	618
28.7	619	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	620
	621	Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
	622
	623	866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	624
	625
	626
28.7	627
	628	== 2.8 LED Indicator ==
	629
4.2	630	The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
	631
	632	* Blink once when device power on.
	633	* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
	634	* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
	635
28.8	636	== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
	637
4.2	638	Measurement the soil surface
	639
	640
29.2	641	[[image:1654506634463-199.png]]
4.2	642
29.2	643	(((
31.8	644	(((
4.2	645	Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
29.2	646	)))
31.8	647	)))
4.2	648
	649
30.2	650	[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
4.2	651
31.8	652	(((
4.2	653	Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
31.8	654	)))
4.2	655
31.8	656	(((
4.2	657	Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
31.8	658	)))
4.2	659
	660
30.3	661	== 2.10 Firmware Change Log ==
4.2	662
31.7	663	(((
4.2	664	Firmware download link:
31.7	665	)))
4.2	666
31.7	667	(((
4.2	668	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
31.7	669	)))
4.2	670
31.7	671	(((
	672
	673	)))
4.2	674
31.7	675	(((
30.4	676	Firmware Upgrade Method: [[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
31.7	677	)))
4.2	678
31.7	679	(((
	680
	681	)))
4.2	682
31.7	683	(((
4.2	684	V1.0.
31.7	685	)))
4.2	686
31.7	687	(((
4.2	688	Release
31.7	689	)))
4.2	690
	691
31.2	692	== 2.11 Battery Analysis ==
4.2	693
31.2	694	=== 2.11.1 Battery Type ===
4.2	695
31.6	696	(((
4.2	697	The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
31.6	698	)))
4.2	699
31.6	700	(((
4.2	701	The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
31.6	702	)))
4.2	703
31.2	704	(((
31.6	705	(((
31.2	706	The battery-related documents are as below:
	707	)))
31.6	708	)))
4.2	709
31.2	710	* (((
	711	[[Battery Dimension>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/&file=LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf]],
4.2	712	)))
31.2	713	* (((
	714	[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER26500/ER26500_Datasheet-EN.pdf]],
	715	)))
	716	* (((
	717	[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg]], [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf]]
	718	)))
4.2	719
31.2	720	[[image:image-20220606171726-9.png]]
4.2	721
	722
	723
31.2	724	=== 2.11.2 Battery Note ===
4.2	725
31.3	726	(((
4.2	727	The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
31.3	728	)))
4.2	729
	730
	731
31.2	732	=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
	733
31.3	734	(((
4.2	735	If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
31.3	736	)))
4.2	737
31.3	738	(((
4.2	739	You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
31.3	740	)))
4.2	741
31.3	742	(((
4.2	743	The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
31.3	744	)))
4.2	745
	746
	747
9.2	748	= 3. Using the AT Commands =
4.2	749
9.2	750	== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
	751
11.4	752
4.2	753	LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
	754
9.2	755	[[image:1654501986557-872.png]]
4.2	756
	757
	758	Or if you have below board, use below connection:
	759
	760
11.2	761	[[image:1654502005655-729.png]]
4.2	762
	763
	764
11.2	765	In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)9600(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
4.2	766
	767
11.2	768	[[image:1654502050864-459.png]]
4.2	769
	770
	771	Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]
	772
	773
11.4	774	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? (%%) : Help on <CMD>
4.2	775
11.4	776	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> (%%) : Run <CMD>
4.2	777
11.4	778	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>(%%) : Set the value
4.2	779
11.4	780	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?(%%) : Get the value
4.2	781
	782
11.6	783	(% style="color:#037691" %)General Commands(%%)
4.2	784
11.6	785	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT(%%) : Attention
4.2	786
11.6	787	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT?(%%) : Short Help
4.2	788
11.6	789	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)ATZ(%%) : MCU Reset
4.2	790
11.6	791	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TDC(%%) : Application Data Transmission Interval
4.2	792
	793
11.4	794	(% style="color:#037691" %)Keys, IDs and EUIs management
4.2	795
11.6	796	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPEUI(%%) : Application EUI
4.2	797
11.6	798	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPKEY(%%) : Application Key
4.2	799
11.6	800	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPSKEY(%%) : Application Session Key
4.2	801
11.6	802	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DADDR(%%) : Device Address
4.2	803
11.6	804	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DEUI(%%) : Device EUI
4.2	805
11.6	806	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKID(%%) : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection)
4.2	807
11.6	808	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKSKEY(%%) : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network
4.2	809
11.6	810	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFM(%%) : Confirm Mode
4.2	811
11.6	812	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFS(%%) : Confirm Status
4.2	813
11.6	814	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JOIN(%%) : Join LoRa? Network
4.2	815
11.6	816	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJM(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Mode
4.2	817
11.6	818	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJS(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Status
4.2	819
11.6	820	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECV(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
4.2	821
11.6	822	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECVB(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format
4.2	823
11.6	824	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SEND(%%) : Send Text Data
4.2	825
11.6	826	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SENB(%%) : Send Hexadecimal Data
4.2	827
	828
11.4	829	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Network Management
4.2	830
11.6	831	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ADR(%%) : Adaptive Rate
4.2	832
11.6	833	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CLASS(%%) : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
4.2	834
11.6	835	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DCS(%%) : Duty Cycle Setting
4.2	836
11.6	837	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DR(%%) : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)
4.2	838
11.6	839	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCD(%%) : Frame Counter Downlink
4.2	840
11.6	841	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCU(%%) : Frame Counter Uplink
4.2	842
11.6	843	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN1DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay1
4.2	844
11.6	845	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN2DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay2
4.2	846
11.6	847	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PNM(%%) : Public Network Mode
4.2	848
11.6	849	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX1DL(%%) : Receive Delay1
4.2	850
11.6	851	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DL(%%) : Receive Delay2
4.2	852
11.6	853	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DR(%%) : Rx2 Window Data Rate
4.2	854
11.6	855	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2FQ(%%) : Rx2 Window Frequency
4.2	856
11.6	857	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TXP(%%) : Transmit Power
4.2	858
11.6	859	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ MOD(%%) : Set work mode
4.2	860
	861
11.4	862	(% style="color:#037691" %)Information
4.2	863
11.6	864	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RSSI(%%) : RSSI of the Last Received Packet
4.2	865
11.6	866	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SNR(%%) : SNR of the Last Received Packet
4.2	867
11.6	868	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+VER(%%) : Image Version and Frequency Band
4.2	869
11.6	870	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FDR(%%) : Factory Data Reset
4.2	871
11.6	872	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PORT(%%) : Application Port
4.2	873
11.6	874	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHS(%%) : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
4.2	875
11.6	876	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHE(%%) : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
4.2	877
	878
6.3	879	= 4. FAQ =
4.2	880
6.3	881	== 4.1 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
	882
31.12	883	You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>\|\|anchor="H2.10FirmwareChangeLog"]].
4.2	884	When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.
	885
	886
8.3	887	How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
4.2	888
	889
	890	You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
	891
	892
	893	For example, in US915 band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
	894
8.2	895	[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
4.2	896
	897	When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
	898
	899	* 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	900	* 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	901	* 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	902	* 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	903	* 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	904	* 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	905	* 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	906	* 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	907	* 904.6 - SF8BW500
	908
	909	Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
	910
8.3	911	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	912	(((
4.2	913	AT+CHE=2
8.3	914	)))
4.2	915
8.3	916	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	917	(((
4.2	918	ATZ
8.3	919	)))
4.2	920
	921	to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
	922
	923
	924	The AU915 band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
	925
8.2	926	[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
4.2	927
	928
	929
4.8	930	= 5. Trouble Shooting =
4.2	931
4.9	932	== 5.1 Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
	933
4.11	934	It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome\|\|anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details.
4.2	935
	936
4.10	937	== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work ==
4.2	938
6.2	939	In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
4.2	940
	941
4.10	942	== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
4.2	943
6.2	944	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Issue describe as below:
4.2	945
6.2	946	[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
4.2	947
	948
6.2	949	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Cause for this issue:
4.2	950
	951	The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
	952
	953
6.2	954	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Solution:
4.2	955
	956	All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
	957
6.2	958	[[image:1654500929571-736.png]]
4.2	959
4.7	960
4.4	961	= 6. Order Info =
4.2	962
	963
4.6	964	Part Number: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LSE01-XX-YY
4.2	965
	966
4.6	967	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)XX(%%): The default frequency band
4.2	968
4.4	969	* (% style="color:red" %)AS923(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
	970	* (% style="color:red" %)AU915(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
	971	* (% style="color:red" %)EU433(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
	972	* (% style="color:red" %)EU868(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
	973	* (% style="color:red" %)KR920(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
	974	* (% style="color:red" %)US915(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
4.5	975	* (% style="color:red" %)IN865(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band
4.4	976	* (% style="color:red" %)CN470(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
4.2	977
4.4	978	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)YY(%%): Battery Option
4.2	979
4.4	980	* (% style="color:red" %)4(%%): 4000mAh battery
	981	* (% style="color:red" %)8(%%): 8500mAh battery
4.2	982
31.10	983	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
	984	(((
	985
	986	)))
	987
4.3	988	= 7. Packing Info =
4.2	989
4.3	990	(((
4.2	991	Package Includes:
4.3	992	)))
4.2	993
4.3	994	* (((
	995	LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
	996	)))
4.2	997
4.3	998	(((
	999
	1000	)))
4.2	1001
4.3	1002	(((
4.2	1003	Dimension and weight:
4.3	1004	)))
4.2	1005
4.3	1006	* (((
	1007	Device Size: cm
	1008	)))
	1009	* (((
	1010	Device Weight: g
	1011	)))
	1012	* (((
	1013	Package Size / pcs : cm
	1014	)))
	1015	* (((
	1016	Weight / pcs : g
31.11	1017
	1018
	1019
4.3	1020	)))
4.2	1021
4.3	1022	= 8. Support =
4.2	1023
	1024	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
	1025	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
	1026
27.2	1027

Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

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