Last modified by Bei Jinggeng on 2024/05/31 09:53
<
From version < 4.3 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/06 15:18
To version < 9.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/06 15:53
>
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Content
... ... @@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
23 23  1. Introduction
24 24  11. ​What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor
25 25  
26 -
27 27  The Dragino LSE01 is a **LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor** for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
28 28  
29 29  
... ... @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
46 46  
47 47  
48 48  
49 -*
48 +*
50 50  *1. ​Features
51 51  * LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
52 52  * Ultra low power consumption
... ... @@ -60,8 +60,7 @@
60 60  * IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
61 61  * 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
62 62  
63 -
64 -1.
62 +1.
65 65  11. Specification
66 66  
67 67  Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
... ... @@ -89,25 +89,17 @@
89 89  **Method**
90 90  )))|**FDR , with temperature &EC compensate**|**Conductivity , with temperature compensate**|**RTD, and calibrate**
91 91  
92 -
93 -
94 -
95 -*
90 +*
96 96  *1. ​Applications
97 97  * Smart Agriculture
98 98  
99 -
100 -1.
94 +1.
101 101  11. ​Firmware Change log
102 102  
103 -
104 104  **LSE01 v1.0:**
105 105  
106 106  * Release
107 107  
108 -
109 -
110 -
111 111  1. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network
112 112  11. How it works
113 113  
... ... @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
119 119  
120 120  
121 121  
122 -1.
112 +1.
123 123  11. ​Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA)
124 124  
125 125  Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
... ... @@ -158,9 +158,6 @@
158 158  )))
159 159  
160 160  
161 -
162 -
163 -
164 164  **Step 2**: Power on LSE01
165 165  
166 166  
... ... @@ -185,11 +185,11 @@
185 185  
186 186  
187 187  
188 -1.
175 +1.
189 189  11. ​Uplink Payload
190 190  111. MOD=0(Default Mode)
191 191  
192 -LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
179 +LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 
193 193  
194 194  
195 195  Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
... ... @@ -210,15 +210,13 @@
210 210  (Optional)
211 211  )))
212 212  
213 -
214 214  [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.png]]
215 215  
216 216  
217 -1.
218 -11.
203 +1.
204 +11.
219 219  111. MOD=1(Original value)
220 220  
221 -
222 222  This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
223 223  
224 224  |(((
... ... @@ -236,11 +236,10 @@
236 236  (Optional)
237 237  )))
238 238  
239 -
240 240  [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.png]]
241 241  
242 -1.
243 -11.
226 +1.
227 +11.
244 244  111. Battery Info
245 245  
246 246  Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
... ... @@ -251,8 +251,8 @@
251 251  
252 252  
253 253  
254 -1.
255 -11.
238 +1.
239 +11.
256 256  111. Soil Moisture
257 257  
258 258  Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
... ... @@ -262,8 +262,8 @@
262 262  **05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
263 263  
264 264  
265 -1.
266 -11.
249 +1.
250 +11.
267 267  111. Soil Temperature
268 268  
269 269   Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
... ... @@ -275,8 +275,8 @@
275 275  If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
276 276  
277 277  
278 -1.
279 -11.
262 +1.
263 +11.
280 280  111. Soil Conductivity (EC)
281 281  
282 282  Obtain soluble salt concentration in soil or soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer or planting medium,. The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
... ... @@ -286,8 +286,8 @@
286 286  
287 287  Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
288 288  
289 -1.
290 -11.
273 +1.
274 +11.
291 291  111. MOD
292 292  
293 293  Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
... ... @@ -304,8 +304,8 @@
304 304  If** **payload =** **0x0A01, workmode=1
305 305  
306 306  
307 -1.
308 -11.
291 +1.
292 +11.
309 309  111. ​Decode payload in The Things Network
310 310  
311 311  While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
... ... @@ -318,7 +318,7 @@
318 318  LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/]]
319 319  
320 320  
321 -1.
305 +1.
322 322  11. Uplink Interval
323 323  
324 324  The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:
... ... @@ -325,7 +325,7 @@
325 325  
326 326  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands#Change_Uplink_Interval>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands#Change_Uplink_Interval]]
327 327  
328 -1.
312 +1.
329 329  11. ​Downlink Payload
330 330  
331 331  By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
... ... @@ -337,7 +337,6 @@
337 337  |INTMOD|Any|06|4
338 338  |MOD|Any|0A|2
339 339  
340 -
341 341  **Examples**
342 342  
343 343  
... ... @@ -359,7 +359,7 @@
359 359  
360 360  Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
361 361  
362 -1.
345 +1.
363 363  11. ​Show Data in DataCake IoT Server
364 364  
365 365  [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
... ... @@ -395,13 +395,13 @@
395 395  
396 396  
397 397  
398 -1.
381 +1.
399 399  11. Frequency Plans
400 400  
401 401  The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
402 402  
403 -1.
404 -11.
386 +1.
387 +11.
405 405  111. EU863-870 (EU868)
406 406  
407 407  Uplink:
... ... @@ -432,8 +432,8 @@
432 432  869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
433 433  
434 434  
435 -1.
436 -11.
418 +1.
419 +11.
437 437  111. US902-928(US915)
438 438  
439 439  Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
... ... @@ -478,8 +478,8 @@
478 478  923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
479 479  
480 480  
481 -1.
482 -11.
464 +1.
465 +11.
483 483  111. CN470-510 (CN470)
484 484  
485 485  Used in China, Default use CHE=1
... ... @@ -524,8 +524,8 @@
524 524  505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
525 525  
526 526  
527 -1.
528 -11.
510 +1.
511 +11.
529 529  111. AU915-928(AU915)
530 530  
531 531  Default use CHE=2
... ... @@ -569,11 +569,10 @@
569 569  
570 570  923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
571 571  
572 -1.
573 -11.
555 +1.
556 +11.
574 574  111. AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923)
575 575  
576 -
577 577  **Default Uplink channel:**
578 578  
579 579  923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -623,8 +623,8 @@
623 623  923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
624 624  
625 625  
626 -1.
627 -11.
608 +1.
609 +11.
628 628  111. KR920-923 (KR920)
629 629  
630 630  Default channel:
... ... @@ -660,11 +660,10 @@
660 660  921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
661 661  
662 662  
663 -1.
664 -11.
645 +1.
646 +11.
665 665  111. IN865-867 (IN865)
666 666  
667 -
668 668  Uplink:
669 669  
670 670  865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
... ... @@ -681,7 +681,7 @@
681 681  866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
682 682  
683 683  
684 -1.
665 +1.
685 685  11. LED Indicator
686 686  
687 687  The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
... ... @@ -691,11 +691,9 @@
691 691  * Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
692 692  * Blink once when device transmit a packet.
693 693  
694 -
695 -1.
675 +1.
696 696  11. Installation in Soil
697 697  
698 -
699 699  **Measurement the soil surface**
700 700  
701 701  
... ... @@ -720,7 +720,7 @@
720 720  
721 721  
722 722  
723 -1.
702 +1.
724 724  11. ​Firmware Change Log
725 725  
726 726  **Firmware download link:**
... ... @@ -739,7 +739,7 @@
739 739  
740 740  
741 741  
742 -1.
721 +1.
743 743  11. ​Battery Analysis
744 744  111. ​Battery Type
745 745  
... ... @@ -755,8 +755,6 @@
755 755  * [[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER18505_datasheet-EN.pdf]] datasheet, [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER18505_datasheet_PM-ER18505-S-02-LF_EN.pdf]]
756 756  * [[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg]], [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf]]
757 757  
758 -
759 -
760 760  |(((
761 761  JST-XH-2P connector
762 762  )))
... ... @@ -765,18 +765,17 @@
765 765  
766 766  
767 767  
768 -1.
769 -11.
745 +1.
746 +11.
770 770  111. ​Battery Note
771 771  
772 772  The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
773 773  
774 774  
775 -1.
776 -11.
752 +1.
753 +11.
777 777  111. ​Replace the battery
778 778  
779 -
780 780  If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
781 781  
782 782  
... ... @@ -790,12 +790,13 @@
790 790  
791 791  
792 792  
793 -1. ​Using the AT Commands
794 -11. ​Access AT Commands
769 += 3. ​Using the AT Commands =
795 795  
771 +== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
772 +
796 796  LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
797 797  
798 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.png]]
775 +[[image:1654501986557-872.png]]
799 799  
800 800  
801 801  Or if you have below board, use below connection:
... ... @@ -924,40 +924,24 @@
924 924  
925 925  
926 926  
927 -1. ​FAQ
928 -11. ​How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region?
904 += ​4. FAQ =
929 929  
906 +== 4.1 ​How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
907 +
930 930  You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>path:#3ygebqi]].
931 931  When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. ​
932 932  
933 933  
912 +How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
934 934  
935 -How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode
936 936  
937 -By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
938 -
939 -
940 940  You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
941 941  
942 942  
943 -
944 944  For example, in **US915** band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
945 945  
920 +[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
946 946  
947 -|CHE|(% colspan="9" %)US915 Uplink Channels(125KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)
948 -|0|(% colspan="9" %)ENABLE Channel 0-63
949 -|1|902.3|902.5|902.7|902.9|903.1|903.3|903.5|903.7|Channel 0-7
950 -|2|903.9|904.1|904.3|904.5|904.7|904.9|905.1|905.3|Channel 8-15
951 -|3|905.5|905.7|905.9|906.1|906.3|906.5|906.7|906.9|Channel 16-23
952 -|4|907.1|907.3|907.5|907.7|907.9|908.1|908.3|908.5|Channel 24-31
953 -|5|908.7|908.9|909.1|909.3|909.5|909.7|909.9|910.1|Channel 32-39
954 -|6|910.3|910.5|910.7|910.9|911.1|911.3|911.5|911.7|Channel 40-47
955 -|7|911.9|912.1|912.3|912.5|912.7|912.9|913.1|913.3|Channel 48-55
956 -|8|913.5|913.7|913.9|914.1|914.3|914.5|914.7|914.9|Channel 56-63
957 -|(% colspan="10" %)Channels(500KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)
958 -| |903|904.6|906.2|907.8|909.4|911|912.6|914.2|Channel 64-71
959 -
960 -
961 961  When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
962 962  
963 963  * 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
... ... @@ -973,9 +973,15 @@
973 973  
974 974  Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
975 975  
937 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
938 +(((
976 976  **AT+CHE=2**
940 +)))
977 977  
942 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
943 +(((
978 978  **ATZ**
945 +)))
979 979  
980 980  to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
981 981  
... ... @@ -982,88 +982,63 @@
982 982  
983 983  The **AU915** band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
984 984  
952 +[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
985 985  
986 -|CHE|(% colspan="9" %)AU915 Uplink Channels(125KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)
987 -|0|(% colspan="9" %)ENABLE Channel 0-63
988 -|1|915.2|915.4|915.6|915.8|916|916.2|916.4|916.6|Channel 0-7
989 -|2|916.8|917|917.2|917.4|917.6|917.8|918|918.2|Channel 8-15
990 -|3|918.4|918.6|918.8|919|919.2|919.4|919.6|919.8|Channel 16-23
991 -|4|920|920.2|920.4|920.6|920.8|921|921.2|921.4|Channel 24-31
992 -|5|921.6|921.8|922|922.2|922.4|922.6|922.8|923|Channel 32-39
993 -|6|923.2|923.4|923.6|923.8|924|924.2|924.4|924.6|Channel 40-47
994 -|7|924.8|925|925.2|925.4|925.6|925.8|926|926.2|Channel 48-55
995 -|8|926.4|926.6|926.8|927|927.2|927.4|927.6|927.8|Channel 56-63
996 -|(% colspan="10" %)Channels(500KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)
997 -| |915.9|917.5|919.1|920.7|922.3|923.9|925.5|927.1|Channel 64-71
998 998  
999 999  
956 += 5. Trouble Shooting =
1000 1000  
958 +== 5.1 ​Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
1001 1001  
960 +It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome||anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details.
1002 1002  
1003 1003  
1004 -1. ​Trouble Shooting
1005 -11. ​Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands?
963 +== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work ==
1006 1006  
1007 -It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>path:#206ipza]] section above for details.
965 +In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
1008 1008  
1009 1009  
968 +== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
1010 1010  
1011 -1.
1012 -11. AT Command input doesn’t work
970 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Issue describe as below:**
1013 1013  
1014 -In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the **ENTER** while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send **ENTER** while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
972 +[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
1015 1015  
1016 1016  
975 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Cause for this issue:**
1017 1017  
1018 -
1019 -1.
1020 -11. Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet.
1021 -
1022 -**Issue describe as below:**
1023 -
1024 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.png]]
1025 -
1026 -
1027 -**Cause for this issue:**
1028 -
1029 1029  The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
1030 1030  
1031 1031  
1032 -**Solution: **
980 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Solution: **
1033 1033  
1034 1034  All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
1035 1035  
1036 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]
984 +[[image:1654500929571-736.png]]
1037 1037  
1038 1038  
987 += 6. ​Order Info =
1039 1039  
1040 1040  
990 +Part Number**:** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LSE01-XX-YY**
1041 1041  
1042 -1. ​Order Info
1043 1043  
993 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**XX**(%%)**:** The default frequency band
1044 1044  
1045 -Part Number: **LSE01-XX-YY**
995 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
996 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
997 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
998 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
999 +* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
1000 +* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
1001 +* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
1002 +* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
1046 1046  
1004 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**YY**(%%)**: **Battery Option
1047 1047  
1048 -**XX**: The default frequency band
1006 +* (% style="color:red" %)**4**(%%): 4000mAh battery
1007 +* (% style="color:red" %)**8**(%%): 8500mAh battery
1049 1049  
1050 -* **AS923**: LoRaWAN AS923 band
1051 -* **AU915**: LoRaWAN AU915 band
1052 -* **EU433**: LoRaWAN EU433 band
1053 -* **EU868**: LoRaWAN EU868 band
1054 -* **KR920**: LoRaWAN KR920 band
1055 -* **US915**: LoRaWAN US915 band
1056 -* **IN865**: LoRaWAN IN865 band
1057 -* **CN470**: LoRaWAN CN470 band
1058 -
1059 -
1060 -**YY: **Battery Option
1061 -
1062 -* **4**: 4000mAh battery
1063 -* **8**: 8500mAh battery
1064 -
1065 -
1066 -
1067 1067  = 7. Packing Info =
1068 1068  
1069 1069  (((
... ... @@ -1095,10 +1095,8 @@
1095 1095  Weight / pcs : g
1096 1096  )))
1097 1097  
1098 -
1099 1099  = 8. Support =
1100 1100  
1101 1101  * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1102 1102  * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
1103 1103  
1104 -
1654500909990-784.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +85.6 KB
Content
1654500929571-736.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +991.8 KB
Content
1654501986557-872.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +767.2 KB
Content
image-20220606154726-3.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +35.1 KB
Content
image-20220606154825-4.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +35.3 KB
Content

Applications

Navigation

Copyright ©2010-2024 Dragino Technology Co., LTD. All rights reserved
Dragino Wiki v2.0