Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

Version 40.1 by Edwin Chen on 2022/06/29 19:12

version	line-number	content
4.2	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
31.14	2	[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg\|\|height="554" width="554"]]
1.1	3
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35.25	6
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35.4	14	Table of Contents:
1.1	15
31.17	16	{{toc/}}
1.1	17
	18
	19
	20
31.17	21
	22
12.2	23	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	24
12.2	25	== 1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
1.1	26
12.2	27	(((
35.4	28
	29
12.2	30	The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
	31	)))
1.1	32
12.2	33	(((
	34	It detects (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Moisture(%%), (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Temperature(%%) and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Soil Conductivity(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
	35	)))
1.1	36
12.2	37	(((
4.2	38	The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
12.2	39	)))
4.2	40
12.2	41	(((
	42	LES01 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
	43	)))
4.2	44
12.2	45	(((
4.2	46	Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
12.2	47	)))
4.2	48
	49
12.2	50	[[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
4.2	51
	52
13.2	53	[[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
4.2	54
	55
	56
13.3	57	== 1.2 Features ==
	58
4.2	59	* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
	60	* Ultra low power consumption
	61	* Monitor Soil Moisture
	62	* Monitor Soil Temperature
	63	* Monitor Soil Conductivity
	64	* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
	65	* AT Commands to change parameters
	66	* Uplink on periodically
	67	* Downlink to change configure
	68	* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
	69	* 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
	70
13.3	71	== 1.3 Specification ==
	72
4.2	73	Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
	74
14.2	75	[[image:image-20220606162220-5.png]]
	76
4.2	77
	78
14.3	79	== 1.4 Applications ==
4.2	80
	81	* Smart Agriculture
	82
15.6	83	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
	84
4.2	85
15.6	86	== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
	87
	88
14.3	89	LSE01 v1.0 : Release
4.2	90
14.3	91
	92
	93	= 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
	94
	95	== 2.1 How it works ==
	96
15.3	97	(((
4.2	98	The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
15.3	99	)))
4.2	100
15.3	101	(((
31.33	102	In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>\|\|anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
15.3	103	)))
4.2	104
	105
	106
14.4	107	== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
4.2	108
	109	Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
	110
	111
15.2	112	[[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
4.2	113
	114
	115	The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
	116
	117
35.8	118	(% style="color:blue" %)Step 1(%%): Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
4.2	119
	120	Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
	121
17.2	122	[[image:image-20220606163732-6.jpeg]]
4.2	123
	124	You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
	125
	126	Add APP EUI in the application
	127
	128
17.2	129	[[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
4.2	130
	131
	132
	133	Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
	134
18.2	135	[[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
4.2	136
	137
19.2	138
35.8	139	(% style="color:blue" %)Step 2(%%): Power on LSE01
4.2	140
	141
	142	Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
	143
19.2	144	[[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
4.2	145
	146
35.8	147	(% style="color:blue" %)Step 3(%%): The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
4.2	148
20.2	149	[[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
4.2	150
	151
	152
20.3	153	== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
4.2	154
32.9	155
20.3	156	=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
4.2	157
4.4	158	LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
4.2	159
32.9	160	(((
4.2	161	Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
32.9	162	)))
4.2	163
32.3	164	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
	165	\|(((
4.2	166	Size
	167
	168	(bytes)
32.3	169	)))\|2\|2\|2\|2\|2\|1
32.4	170	\|Value\|[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(((
4.2	171	Temperature
	172
	173	(Reserve, Ignore now)
32.4	174	)))\|[[Soil Moisture>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]\|[[Soil Temperature>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]\|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]\|(((
4.2	175	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	176
	177	(Optional)
	178	)))
	179
22.2	180	=== 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
	181
4.2	182	This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
	183
32.3	184	(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
	185	\|(((
4.2	186	Size
	187
	188	(bytes)
32.3	189	)))\|2\|2\|2\|2\|2\|1
32.4	190	\|Value\|[[BAT>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]\|(((
4.2	191	Temperature
	192
	193	(Reserve, Ignore now)
32.4	194	)))\|[[Soil Moisture>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)\|[[Soil Temperature>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]\|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>\|\|anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)\|(((
4.2	195	MOD & Digital Interrupt
	196
	197	(Optional)
	198	)))
	199
22.2	200	=== 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
	201
32.10	202	(((
4.2	203	Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
32.10	204	)))
4.2	205
32.10	206	(((
4.2	207	Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
32.10	208	)))
4.2	209
32.10	210	(((
4.2	211	Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
32.10	212	)))
4.2	213
	214
	215
22.3	216	=== 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
4.2	217
32.10	218	(((
4.2	219	Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
32.10	220	)))
4.2	221
32.10	222	(((
22.4	223	For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
32.10	224	)))
4.2	225
32.10	226	(((
	227
	228	)))
4.2	229
32.10	230	(((
22.4	231	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.
32.10	232	)))
4.2	233
22.4	234
4.2	235
22.5	236	=== 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
	237
32.11	238	(((
4.2	239	Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
32.11	240	)))
4.2	241
32.11	242	(((
4.2	243	Example:
32.11	244	)))
4.2	245
32.11	246	(((
4.2	247	If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
32.11	248	)))
4.2	249
32.11	250	(((
4.2	251	If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
32.11	252	)))
4.2	253
	254
	255
22.6	256	=== 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
	257
23.2	258	(((
	259	Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble salt concentration__(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)__planting medium__(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
	260	)))
4.2	261
23.2	262	(((
4.2	263	For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
23.2	264	)))
4.2	265
23.2	266	(((
4.2	267	Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
23.2	268	)))
4.2	269
23.2	270	(((
	271
	272	)))
4.2	273
23.2	274	(((
	275
	276	)))
	277
	278	=== 2.3.7 MOD ===
	279
4.2	280	Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
	281
	282	For example, bytes[10]=90
	283
	284	mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
	285
	286
31.23	287	Downlink Command:
4.2	288
	289	If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
	290
	291	If payload = 0x0A01, workmode=1
	292
	293
	294
23.2	295	=== 2.3.8 Decode payload in The Things Network ===
	296
4.2	297	While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
	298
	299
23.2	300	[[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
4.2	301
32.12	302	(((
4.2	303	The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
32.12	304	)))
4.2	305
32.12	306	(((
35.11	307	LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0]]
32.12	308	)))
4.2	309
	310
23.3	311	== 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
4.2	312
31.26	313	The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome\|\|anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
4.2	314
	315
	316
24.2	317	== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
	318
4.2	319	By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
	320
24.2	321	[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
4.2	322
24.2	323
32.14	324	(((
26.2	325	Examples:
32.14	326	)))
4.2	327
32.14	328	(((
	329
	330	)))
4.2	331
32.14	332	* (((
	333	Set TDC
	334	)))
4.2	335
32.14	336	(((
4.2	337	If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
32.14	338	)))
4.2	339
32.14	340	(((
4.2	341	Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S
32.14	342	)))
4.2	343
32.14	344	(((
4.2	345	Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S
32.14	346	)))
4.2	347
32.14	348	(((
	349
	350	)))
4.2	351
32.14	352	* (((
	353	Reset
	354	)))
4.2	355
32.14	356	(((
4.2	357	If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
32.14	358	)))
4.2	359
	360
26.2	361	* CFM
4.2	362
	363	Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
	364
	365
26.2	366
	367	== 2.6 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
	368
32.15	369	(((
4.2	370	[[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
32.15	371	)))
4.2	372
32.15	373	(((
	374
	375	)))
4.2	376
32.15	377	(((
35.15	378	(% style="color:blue" %)Step 1(%%): Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
32.15	379	)))
4.2	380
32.15	381	(((
35.15	382	(% style="color:blue" %)Step 2(%%): To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
32.15	383	)))
4.2	384
	385
26.2	386	[[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
4.2	387
	388
26.2	389	[[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
4.2	390
	391
35.15	392	(% style="color:blue" %)Step 3(%%): Create an account or log in Datacake.
4.2	393
35.15	394	(% style="color:blue" %)Step 4(%%): Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
4.2	395
35.15	396
27.2	397	[[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
4.2	398
	399
	400	After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
	401
28.2	402	[[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
4.2	403
	404
	405
28.4	406	== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
4.2	407
	408	The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
	409
	410
28.5	411	=== 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
4.2	412
28.5	413	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	414
4.2	415	868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	416
	417	868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
	418
	419	868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	420
	421	867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	422
	423	867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	424
	425	867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	426
	427	867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	428
	429	867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	430
	431	868.8 - FSK
	432
	433
28.5	434	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	435
	436	Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
	437
	438	869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	439
	440
	441
28.5	442	=== 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
	443
4.2	444	Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
	445
28.5	446	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	447
	448	903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	449
	450	904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	451
	452	904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	453
	454	904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	455
	456	904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	457
	458	904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	459
	460	905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	461
	462	905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	463
	464
28.5	465	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	466
	467	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	468
	469	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	470
	471	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	472
	473	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	474
	475	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	476
	477	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	478
	479	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	480
	481	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	482
	483	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	484
	485
	486
28.5	487	=== 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
	488
4.2	489	Used in China, Default use CHE=1
	490
28.5	491	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	492
	493	486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	494
	495	486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	496
	497	486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	498
	499	486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	500
	501	487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	502
	503	487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	504
	505	487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	506
	507	487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	508
	509
28.5	510	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	511
	512	506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	513
	514	506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	515
	516	507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	517
	518	507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	519
	520	507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	521
	522	507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	523
	524	507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	525
	526	508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	527
	528	505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
	529
	530
	531
28.5	532	=== 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
	533
4.2	534	Default use CHE=2
	535
28.5	536	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink:
4.2	537
	538	916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	539
	540	917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	541
	542	917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	543
	544	917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	545
	546	917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	547
	548	917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	549
	550	918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	551
	552	918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	553
	554
28.5	555	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	556
	557	923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	558
	559	923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	560
	561	924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	562
	563	925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	564
	565	925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	566
	567	926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	568
	569	926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	570
	571	927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
	572
	573	923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
	574
	575
28.6	576
	577	=== 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
	578
28.7	579	(% style="color:#037691" %)Default Uplink channel:
4.2	580
	581	923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	582
	583	923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	584
	585
28.7	586	(% style="color:#037691" %)Additional Uplink Channel:
4.2	587
	588	(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
	589
28.7	590	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore:
4.2	591
	592	922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	593
	594	922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	595
	596	922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	597
	598	922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	599
	600	923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	601
	602	922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	603
	604
28.7	605	(% style="color:#037691" %)AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam:
4.2	606
	607	923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	608
	609	923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	610
	611	924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	612
	613	924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	614
	615	924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	616
	617	924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	618
	619
28.7	620	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	621
	622	Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
	623
	624	923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	625
	626
	627
28.7	628	=== 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
	629
4.2	630	Default channel:
	631
	632	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	633
	634	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	635
	636	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	637
	638
28.7	639	(% style="color:#037691" %)Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
4.2	640
	641	922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	642
	643	922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	644
	645	922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	646
	647	922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	648
	649	922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	650
	651	923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	652
	653	923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	654
	655
28.7	656	(% style="color:#037691" %)Downlink:
4.2	657
	658	Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
	659
	660	921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
	661
	662
	663
28.7	664	=== 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
4.2	665
28.7	666	(% style="color:#037691" %) Uplink:
	667
4.2	668	865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	669
	670	865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	671
	672	865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
	673
	674
28.7	675	(% style="color:#037691" %) Downlink:
4.2	676
	677	Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
	678
	679	866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
	680
	681
	682
28.7	683
	684	== 2.8 LED Indicator ==
	685
4.2	686	The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
	687
	688	* Blink once when device power on.
	689	* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
	690	* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
	691
37.2	692
	693
	694
28.8	695	== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
	696
4.2	697	Measurement the soil surface
	698
	699
29.2	700	[[image:1654506634463-199.png]]
4.2	701
29.2	702	(((
31.8	703	(((
4.2	704	Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
29.2	705	)))
31.8	706	)))
4.2	707
	708
35.18	709
30.2	710	[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
4.2	711
31.8	712	(((
4.2	713	Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
31.8	714	)))
4.2	715
31.8	716	(((
4.2	717	Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
31.8	718	)))
4.2	719
	720
30.3	721	== 2.10 Firmware Change Log ==
4.2	722
31.7	723	(((
4.2	724	Firmware download link:
31.7	725	)))
4.2	726
31.7	727	(((
4.2	728	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
31.7	729	)))
4.2	730
31.7	731	(((
	732
	733	)))
4.2	734
31.7	735	(((
30.4	736	Firmware Upgrade Method: [[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
31.7	737	)))
4.2	738
31.7	739	(((
	740
	741	)))
4.2	742
31.7	743	(((
4.2	744	V1.0.
31.7	745	)))
4.2	746
31.7	747	(((
4.2	748	Release
31.7	749	)))
4.2	750
	751
31.2	752	== 2.11 Battery Analysis ==
4.2	753
31.2	754	=== 2.11.1 Battery Type ===
4.2	755
31.6	756	(((
4.2	757	The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
31.6	758	)))
4.2	759
31.6	760	(((
4.2	761	The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
31.6	762	)))
4.2	763
31.2	764	(((
31.6	765	(((
31.2	766	The battery-related documents are as below:
	767	)))
31.6	768	)))
4.2	769
31.2	770	* (((
39.1	771	[[Battery Dimension>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
4.2	772	)))
31.2	773	* (((
39.1	774	[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
31.2	775	)))
	776	* (((
39.1	777	[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]], [[Tech Spec>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]]
31.2	778	)))
4.2	779
35.2	780	[[image:image-20220610172436-1.png]]
4.2	781
	782
	783
31.2	784	=== 2.11.2 Battery Note ===
4.2	785
31.3	786	(((
4.2	787	The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
31.3	788	)))
4.2	789
	790
	791
31.2	792	=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
	793
31.3	794	(((
4.2	795	If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
31.3	796	)))
4.2	797
31.3	798	(((
4.2	799	You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
31.3	800	)))
4.2	801
31.3	802	(((
4.2	803	The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
31.3	804	)))
4.2	805
	806
	807
9.2	808	= 3. Using the AT Commands =
4.2	809
9.2	810	== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
	811
11.4	812
4.2	813	LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
	814
31.28	815	[[image:1654501986557-872.png\|\|height="391" width="800"]]
4.2	816
	817
	818	Or if you have below board, use below connection:
	819
	820
31.28	821	[[image:1654502005655-729.png\|\|height="503" width="801"]]
4.2	822
	823
	824
11.2	825	In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)9600(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
4.2	826
	827
31.28	828	[[image:1654502050864-459.png\|\|height="564" width="806"]]
4.2	829
	830
35.22	831	Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]
4.2	832
	833
11.4	834	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? (%%) : Help on <CMD>
4.2	835
11.4	836	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> (%%) : Run <CMD>
4.2	837
11.4	838	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>(%%) : Set the value
4.2	839
11.4	840	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?(%%) : Get the value
4.2	841
	842
11.6	843	(% style="color:#037691" %)General Commands(%%)
4.2	844
11.6	845	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT(%%) : Attention
4.2	846
11.6	847	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT?(%%) : Short Help
4.2	848
11.6	849	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)ATZ(%%) : MCU Reset
4.2	850
11.6	851	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TDC(%%) : Application Data Transmission Interval
4.2	852
	853
11.4	854	(% style="color:#037691" %)Keys, IDs and EUIs management
4.2	855
11.6	856	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPEUI(%%) : Application EUI
4.2	857
11.6	858	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPKEY(%%) : Application Key
4.2	859
11.6	860	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+APPSKEY(%%) : Application Session Key
4.2	861
11.6	862	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DADDR(%%) : Device Address
4.2	863
11.6	864	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DEUI(%%) : Device EUI
4.2	865
11.6	866	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKID(%%) : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection)
4.2	867
11.6	868	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NWKSKEY(%%) : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network
4.2	869
11.6	870	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFM(%%) : Confirm Mode
4.2	871
11.6	872	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CFS(%%) : Confirm Status
4.2	873
11.6	874	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JOIN(%%) : Join LoRa? Network
4.2	875
11.6	876	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJM(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Mode
4.2	877
11.6	878	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJS(%%) : LoRa? Network Join Status
4.2	879
11.6	880	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECV(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
4.2	881
11.6	882	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RECVB(%%) : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format
4.2	883
11.6	884	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SEND(%%) : Send Text Data
4.2	885
11.6	886	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SENB(%%) : Send Hexadecimal Data
4.2	887
	888
11.4	889	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Network Management
4.2	890
11.6	891	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ADR(%%) : Adaptive Rate
4.2	892
11.6	893	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CLASS(%%) : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
4.2	894
11.6	895	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DCS(%%) : Duty Cycle Setting
4.2	896
11.6	897	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DR(%%) : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)
4.2	898
11.6	899	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCD(%%) : Frame Counter Downlink
4.2	900
11.6	901	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FCU(%%) : Frame Counter Uplink
4.2	902
11.6	903	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN1DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay1
4.2	904
11.6	905	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+JN2DL(%%) : Join Accept Delay2
4.2	906
11.6	907	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PNM(%%) : Public Network Mode
4.2	908
11.6	909	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX1DL(%%) : Receive Delay1
4.2	910
11.6	911	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DL(%%) : Receive Delay2
4.2	912
11.6	913	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2DR(%%) : Rx2 Window Data Rate
4.2	914
11.6	915	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RX2FQ(%%) : Rx2 Window Frequency
4.2	916
11.6	917	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TXP(%%) : Transmit Power
4.2	918
11.6	919	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ MOD(%%) : Set work mode
4.2	920
	921
11.4	922	(% style="color:#037691" %)Information
4.2	923
11.6	924	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+RSSI(%%) : RSSI of the Last Received Packet
4.2	925
11.6	926	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+SNR(%%) : SNR of the Last Received Packet
4.2	927
11.6	928	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+VER(%%) : Image Version and Frequency Band
4.2	929
11.6	930	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FDR(%%) : Factory Data Reset
4.2	931
11.6	932	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+PORT(%%) : Application Port
4.2	933
11.6	934	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHS(%%) : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
4.2	935
11.6	936	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHE(%%) : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
4.2	937
	938
6.3	939	= 4. FAQ =
4.2	940
6.3	941	== 4.1 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
	942
31.35	943	(((
31.24	944	You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>\|\|anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
4.2	945	When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.
31.35	946	)))
4.2	947
31.35	948	(((
	949
	950	)))
4.2	951
31.35	952	(((
8.3	953	How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
31.35	954	)))
4.2	955
31.35	956	(((
	957
	958	)))
4.2	959
31.35	960	(((
4.2	961	You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
31.35	962	)))
4.2	963
31.35	964	(((
	965
	966	)))
4.2	967
31.35	968	(((
4.2	969	For example, in US915 band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
31.35	970	)))
4.2	971
8.2	972	[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
4.2	973
31.36	974
4.2	975	When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
	976
	977	* 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	978	* 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	979	* 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	980	* 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	981	* 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	982	* 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	983	* 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	984	* 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
	985	* 904.6 - SF8BW500
	986
31.38	987	(((
4.2	988	Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
	989
35.21	990	* (% style="color:#037691" %)AT+CHE=2
	991	* (% style="color:#037691" %)ATZ
8.3	992	)))
4.2	993
8.3	994	(((
35.19	995
4.2	996
	997	to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
31.38	998	)))
4.2	999
31.38	1000	(((
	1001
	1002	)))
4.2	1003
31.38	1004	(((
4.2	1005	The AU915 band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
31.38	1006	)))
4.2	1007
8.2	1008	[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
4.2	1009
	1010
40.1	1011	== 4.2 Can I calibrate LSE01 to different soil types? ==
4.2	1012
40.1	1013	LSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/&file=Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20220605.pdf]].
	1014
	1015
4.8	1016	= 5. Trouble Shooting =
4.2	1017
4.9	1018	== 5.1 Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
	1019
4.11	1020	It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome\|\|anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details.
4.2	1021
	1022
4.10	1023	== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work ==
4.2	1024
31.29	1025	(((
6.2	1026	In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)ENTER(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
31.29	1027	)))
4.2	1028
	1029
4.10	1030	== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
4.2	1031
6.2	1032	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Issue describe as below:
4.2	1033
6.2	1034	[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
4.2	1035
	1036
6.2	1037	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Cause for this issue:
4.2	1038
31.30	1039	(((
4.2	1040	The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
31.30	1041	)))
4.2	1042
	1043
6.2	1044	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Solution:
4.2	1045
	1046	All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
	1047
31.31	1048	[[image:1654500929571-736.png\|\|height="458" width="832"]]
4.2	1049
4.7	1050
4.4	1051	= 6. Order Info =
4.2	1052
	1053
4.6	1054	Part Number: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LSE01-XX-YY
4.2	1055
	1056
4.6	1057	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)XX(%%): The default frequency band
4.2	1058
4.4	1059	* (% style="color:red" %)AS923(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
	1060	* (% style="color:red" %)AU915(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
	1061	* (% style="color:red" %)EU433(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
	1062	* (% style="color:red" %)EU868(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
	1063	* (% style="color:red" %)KR920(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
	1064	* (% style="color:red" %)US915(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
4.5	1065	* (% style="color:red" %)IN865(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band
4.4	1066	* (% style="color:red" %)CN470(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
4.2	1067
4.4	1068	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)YY(%%): Battery Option
4.2	1069
4.4	1070	* (% style="color:red" %)4(%%): 4000mAh battery
	1071	* (% style="color:red" %)8(%%): 8500mAh battery
4.2	1072
31.10	1073	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
	1074	(((
	1075
	1076	)))
	1077
4.3	1078	= 7. Packing Info =
4.2	1079
4.3	1080	(((
31.39	1081
	1082
31.40	1083	(% style="color:#037691" %)Package Includes:
4.3	1084	)))
4.2	1085
4.3	1086	* (((
	1087	LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
	1088	)))
4.2	1089
4.3	1090	(((
31.40	1091
	1092
	1093	(% style="color:#037691" %)Dimension and weight:
4.3	1094	)))
4.2	1095
4.3	1096	* (((
	1097	Device Size: cm
	1098	)))
	1099	* (((
	1100	Device Weight: g
	1101	)))
	1102	* (((
	1103	Package Size / pcs : cm
	1104	)))
	1105	* (((
	1106	Weight / pcs : g
31.11	1107
	1108
4.3	1109	)))
4.2	1110
4.3	1111	= 8. Support =
4.2	1112
	1113	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
	1114	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual

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