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13	13
14	14	**Table of Contents:**
15	15
16		-{{toc/}}
17	17
18	18
19	19
20	20
21	21
	21	+= 1.  Introduction =
22	22
23		-= 1. Introduction =
	23	+== 1.1 ​ What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
24	24
25		-== 1.1 ​What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
26		-
27	27	(((
28	28
29	29
30		-The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
31		-)))
	28	+Dragino NSE01 is an (% style="color:blue" %)**NB-IOT soil moisture & EC sensor**(%%) for agricultural IoT. Used to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loam. The soil sensor uses the FDR method to calculate soil moisture and compensates it with soil temperature and electrical conductivity. It has also been calibrated for mineral soil types at the factory.
32	32
33		-(((
34		-It detects (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Moisture**(%%), (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Temperature**(%%) and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Conductivity**(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
35		-)))
	30	+It can detect (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature and Soil Conductivity**(%%), and upload its value to the server wirelessly.
36	36
37		-(((
38		-The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
39		-)))
	32	+The wireless technology used in NSE01 allows the device to send data at a low data rate and reach ultra-long distances, providing ultra-long-distance spread spectrum Communication.
40	40
41		-(((
42		-LES01 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
43		-)))
	34	+NSE01 are powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2**(%%) batteries, which can be used for up to 5 years.
44	44
45		-(((
46		-Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
	36	+
47	47	)))
48	48
49		-
50	50	[[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
51	51
52	52
53		-[[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
	42	+[[image:1657245163077-232.png]]
54	54
55	55
56	56
57	57	== 1.2 ​Features ==
58	58
59		-* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
60		-* Ultra low power consumption
	48	+
	49	+* NB-IoT Bands: B1/B3/B8/B5/B20/B28 @H-FDD
61	61	* Monitor Soil Moisture
62	62	* Monitor Soil Temperature
63	63	* Monitor Soil Conductivity
64		-* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
65	65	* AT Commands to change parameters
66	66	* Uplink on periodically
67	67	* Downlink to change configure
68	68	* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
69		-* 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
	57	+* Ultra-Low Power consumption
	58	+* AT Commands to change parameters
	59	+* Micro SIM card slot for NB-IoT SIM
	60	+* 8500mAh Battery for long term use
70	70
71		-== 1.3 Specification ==
72	72
	63	+
	64	+== 1.3  Specification ==
	65	+
	66	+
	67	+(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**
	68	+
	69	+* Supply Voltage: 2.1v ~~ 3.6v
	70	+* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C
	71	+
	72	+
	73	+(% style="color:#037691" %)**NB-IoT Spec:**
	74	+
	75	+* - B1 @H-FDD: 2100MHz
	76	+* - B3 @H-FDD: 1800MHz
	77	+* - B8 @H-FDD: 900MHz
	78	+* - B5 @H-FDD: 850MHz
	79	+* - B20 @H-FDD: 800MHz
	80	+* - B28 @H-FDD: 700MHz
	81	+
	82	+
	83	+(% style="color:#037691" %)**Probe Specification:**
	84	+
73	73	Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
74	74
75		-[[image:image-20220606162220-5.png]]
	87	+[[image:image-20220708101224-1.png]]
76	76
77	77
78	78
79		-== ​1.4 Applications ==
	91	+== ​1.4  Applications ==
80	80
81	81	* Smart Agriculture
82	82
...	...	@@ -83,73 +83,210 @@
83	83	(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
84	84	​
85	85
86		-== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
	98	+== 1.5  Pin Definitions ==
87	87
88	88
89		-**LSE01 v1.0 :**  Release
	101	+[[image:1657246476176-652.png]]
90	90
91	91
92	92
93		-= 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
	105	+= 2.  Use NSE01 to communicate with IoT Server =
94	94
95		-== 2.1 How it works ==
	107	+== 2.1  How it works ==
96	96
	109	+
97	97	(((
98		-The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
	111	+The NSE01 is equipped with a NB-IoT module, the pre-loaded firmware in NSE01 will get environment data from sensors and send the value to local NB-IoT network via the NB-IoT module.  The NB-IoT network will forward this value to IoT server via the protocol defined by NSE01.
99	99	)))
100	100
	114	+
101	101	(((
102		-In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
	116	+The diagram below shows the working flow in default firmware of NSE01:
103	103	)))
104	104
	119	+[[image:image-20220708101605-2.png]]
105	105
	121	+(((
	122	+
	123	+)))
106	106
107		-== 2.2 ​Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
108	108
109		-Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
110	110
	127	+== 2.2 ​ Configure the NSE01 ==
111	111
112		-[[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
	129	+=== 2.2.1 Test Requirement ===
113	113
114	114
115		-The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
	132	+To use NSE01 in your city, make sure meet below requirements:
116	116
	134	+* Your local operator has already distributed a NB-IoT Network there.
	135	+* The local NB-IoT network used the band that NSE01 supports.
	136	+* Your operator is able to distribute the data received in their NB-IoT network to your IoT server.
117	117
118		-(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%):  Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
119	119
120		-Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
	139	+Below figure shows our testing structure. Here we have NB-IoT network coverage by China Mobile, the band they use is B8.  The NSE01 will use CoAP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5683)(%%) or raw UDP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5601)(%%) or MQTT((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:1883)(%%)or TCP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5600)(%%)protocol to send data to the test server
121	121
122		-[[image:image-20220606163732-6.jpeg]]
123	123
124		-You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
	142	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif]]
125	125
126		-**Add APP EUI in the application**
127	127
128	128
129		-[[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
	146	+=== 2.2.2 Insert SIM card ===
130	130
	148	+Insert the NB-IoT Card get from your provider.
131	131
132	132
133		-**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**
	151	+User need to take out the NB-IoT module and insert the SIM card like below:
134	134
135		-[[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
136	136
	154	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif]]
137	137
138	138
139		-(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on LSE01
	157	+=== 2.2.3 Connect USB – TTL to NSE01 to configure it ===
140	140
141	141
142		-Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
	160	+User need to configure NSE01 via serial port to set the **(% style="color:blue" %)Server Address** / **Uplink Topic** (%%)to define where and how-to uplink packets. NSE01 support AT Commands, user can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to NSE01 and use AT Commands to configure it, as below.
143	143
144		-[[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
145	145
146	146
147		-(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:** The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
148	148
149		-[[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
	165	+Connection:
150	150
	167	+USB TTL GND <~-~-~-~-> GND
151	151
	169	+USB TTL TXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_RXD
152	152
	171	+USB TTL RXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_TXD
	172	+
	173	+
	174	+
	175	+In the PC, use below serial tool settings:
	176	+
	177	+* Baud: **9600**
	178	+* Data bits:** 8**
	179	+* Stop bits: **1**
	180	+* Parity: **None**
	181	+* Flow Control: **None**
	182	+
	183	+
	184	+Make sure the switch is in FLASH position, then power on device by connecting the jumper on NSE01. NSE01 will output system info once power on as below, we can enter the **password: 12345678** to access AT Command input.
	185	+
	186	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image009.jpg]]
	187	+
	188	+Note: the valid AT Commands can be found at:
	189	+
	190	+[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN50/]]
	191	+
	192	+
	193	+1.
	194	+11.
	195	+111. Use CoAP protocol to uplink data
	196	+
	197	+
	198	+Note: if you don’t have CoAP server, you can refer this link to set up one:
	199	+
	200	+[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Set_up_CoAP_Server>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Set_up_CoAP_Server]]
	201	+
	202	+
	203	+Use below commands:
	204	+
	205	+* **AT+PRO=1**    ~/~/ Set to use CoAP protocol to uplink
	206	+* **AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5683   **~/~/ to set CoAP server address and port
	207	+* **AT+URI=5,11,"mqtt",11,"coap",12,"0",15,"c=text1",23,"0"       **~/~/Set COAP resource path
	208	+
	209	+
	210	+For parameter description, please refer to AT command set
	211	+
	212	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image011.jpg]]
	213	+
	214	+
	215	+After configure the server address and **reset the device** (via AT+ATZ ), NSE01 will start to uplink sensor values to CoAP server.
	216	+
	217	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.jpg]]
	218	+
	219	+1.
	220	+11.
	221	+111. Use UDP protocol to uplink data(Default protocol)
	222	+
	223	+
	224	+This feature is supported since firmware version v1.0.1
	225	+
	226	+
	227	+* **AT+PRO=2   ** ~/~/ Set to use UDP protocol to uplink
	228	+* **AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5601   **~/~/ to set UDP server address and port
	229	+* **AT+CFM=1       **~/~/If the server does not respond, this command is unnecessary
	230	+
	231	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image015.jpg]]
	232	+
	233	+
	234	+
	235	+
	236	+
	237	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image017.jpg]]
	238	+
	239	+
	240	+1.
	241	+11.
	242	+111. Use MQTT protocol to uplink data
	243	+
	244	+
	245	+This feature is supported since firmware version v110
	246	+
	247	+
	248	+* **AT+PRO=3   ** ~/~/Set to use MQTT protocol to uplink
	249	+* **AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,1883   **~/~/Set MQTT server address and port
	250	+* **AT+CLIENT=CLIENT **~/~/Set up the CLIENT of MQTT
	251	+* **AT+UNAME=UNAME                           **~/~/Set the username of MQTT
	252	+* **AT+PWD=PWD                                      **~/~/Set the password of MQTT
	253	+* **AT+PUBTOPIC=NSE01_PUB   **~/~/Set the sending topic of MQTT
	254	+* **AT+SUBTOPIC=NSE01_SUB    **~/~/Set the subscription topic of MQTT
	255	+
	256	+
	257	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.gif]]
	258	+
	259	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.jpg]]
	260	+
	261	+
	262	+MQTT protocol has a much higher power consumption compare vs UDP / CoAP protocol. Please check the power analyze document and adjust the uplink period to a suitable interval.
	263	+
	264	+
	265	+1.
	266	+11.
	267	+111. Use TCP protocol to uplink data
	268	+
	269	+
	270	+This feature is supported since firmware version v110
	271	+
	272	+
	273	+* **AT+PRO=4   ** ~/~/ Set to use TCP protocol to uplink
	274	+* **AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5600   **~/~/ to set TCP server address and port
	275	+
	276	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.jpg]]
	277	+
	278	+
	279	+
	280	+[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.jpg]]
	281	+
	282	+
	283	+1.
	284	+11.
	285	+111. Change Update Interval
	286	+
	287	+User can use below command to change the **uplink interval**.
	288	+
	289	+**~ AT+TDC=600      **~/~/ Set Update Interval to 600s
	290	+
	291	+
	292	+**NOTE:**
	293	+
	294	+1. By default, the device will send an uplink message every 1 hour.
	295	+
	296	+
	297	+
	298	+
	299	+
	300	+
	301	+
153	153	== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
154	154
155	155
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689	689	* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
690	690	* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
691	691
692		-
693	693	== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
694	694
695	695	**Measurement the soil surface**

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