Changes for page N95S31B -- NB-IoT Temperature & Humidity Sensor User Manual
Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2024/04/02 16:44
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@ 1 - NSE01NB-IoTSoil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual1 +LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual - Content
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... ... @@ -3,16 +3,8 @@ 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 +**Contents:** 6 6 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14 -**Table of Contents:** 15 - 16 16 {{toc/}} 17 17 18 18 ... ... @@ -25,8 +25,6 @@ 25 25 == 1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor == 26 26 27 27 ((( 28 - 29 - 30 30 The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type. 31 31 ))) 32 32 ... ... @@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ 68 68 * IP66 Waterproof Enclosure 69 69 * 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use 70 70 61 + 71 71 == 1.3 Specification == 72 72 73 73 Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height. ... ... @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ 99 99 ))) 100 100 101 101 ((( 102 -In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3. 200BUsingtheATCommands"]].93 +In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.UsingtheATCommands"]]. 103 103 ))) 104 104 105 105 ... ... @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ 115 115 The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server. 116 116 117 117 118 - (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%):109 +**Step 1**: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01. 119 119 120 120 Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below: 121 121 ... ... @@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 - (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on LSE01130 +**Step 2**: Power on LSE01 140 140 141 141 142 142 Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position). ... ... @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ 144 144 [[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]] 145 145 146 146 147 - (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:** The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.138 +**Step 3:** The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel. 148 148 149 149 [[image:1654504778294-788.png]] 150 150 ... ... @@ -152,104 +152,88 @@ 152 152 153 153 == 2.3 Uplink Payload == 154 154 155 - 156 156 === 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) === 157 157 158 158 LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 159 159 160 - (((150 + 161 161 Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes. 162 - )))152 + 163 163 164 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffff cc; width:500px" %)165 -|((( 154 +(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %) 155 +|=((( 166 166 **Size** 167 167 168 168 **(bytes)** 169 -)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1** 170 -|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|((( 159 +)))|=(% style="width: 46px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 160px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 104px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 126px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 159px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 114px;" %)**1** 160 +|**Value**|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(% style="width:160px" %)((( 171 171 Temperature 172 172 173 173 (Reserve, Ignore now) 174 -)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|((( 164 +)))|(% style="width:104px" %)[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|(% style="width:126px" %)[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|(% style="width:159px" %)[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(% style="width:114px" %)((( 175 175 MOD & Digital Interrupt 176 176 177 177 (Optional) 178 178 ))) 179 179 170 +[[image:1654504881641-514.png]] 171 + 172 + 173 + 180 180 === 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) === 181 181 182 182 This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation). 183 183 184 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffff cc; width:500px" %)185 -|((( 178 +(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f7faff; width:510px" %) 179 +|=((( 186 186 **Size** 187 187 188 188 **(bytes)** 189 -)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1** 183 +)))|=**2**|=**2**|=**2**|=**2**|=**2**|=**1** 190 190 |**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|((( 191 191 Temperature 192 192 193 193 (Reserve, Ignore now) 194 -)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]] (raw)|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|(((188 +)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|((( 195 195 MOD & Digital Interrupt 196 196 197 197 (Optional) 198 198 ))) 199 199 194 +[[image:1654504907647-967.png]] 195 + 196 + 197 + 200 200 === 2.3.3 Battery Info === 201 201 202 -((( 203 203 Check the battery voltage for LSE01. 204 -))) 205 205 206 -((( 207 207 Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV 208 -))) 209 209 210 -((( 211 211 Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV 212 -))) 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 === 2.3.4 Soil Moisture === 217 217 218 -((( 219 219 Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil. 220 -))) 221 221 222 -((( 223 223 For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is 224 -))) 225 225 226 -((( 227 - 228 -))) 229 229 230 -((( 231 231 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.** 232 -))) 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 === 2.3.5 Soil Temperature === 237 237 238 -((( 239 239 Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is 240 -))) 241 241 242 -((( 243 243 **Example**: 244 -))) 245 245 246 -((( 247 247 If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C 248 -))) 249 249 250 -((( 251 251 If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C 252 -))) 253 253 254 254 255 255 ... ... @@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ 284 284 mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1. 285 285 286 286 287 - **Downlink Command:**262 +Downlink Command: 288 288 289 289 If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0 290 290 ... ... @@ -299,21 +299,19 @@ 299 299 300 300 [[image:1654505570700-128.png]] 301 301 302 -((( 303 303 The payload decoder function for TTN is here: 304 -))) 305 305 306 -((( 307 -LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0]] 308 -))) 279 +LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/]] 309 309 310 310 311 311 == 2.4 Uplink Interval == 312 312 313 -The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]284 +The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: 314 314 286 +[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands#Change_Uplink_Interval>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Commands#Change_Uplink_Interval]] 315 315 316 316 289 + 317 317 == 2.5 Downlink Payload == 318 318 319 319 By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port. ... ... @@ -321,44 +321,24 @@ 321 321 [[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]] 322 322 323 323 324 -((( 325 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:** 326 -))) 297 +**Examples:** 327 327 328 -((( 329 - 330 -))) 331 331 332 -* ((( 333 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Set TDC** 334 -))) 300 +* **Set TDC** 335 335 336 -((( 337 337 If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01. 338 -))) 339 339 340 -((( 341 341 Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S 342 -))) 343 343 344 -((( 345 345 Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S 346 -))) 347 347 348 -((( 349 - 350 -))) 351 351 352 -* ((( 353 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Reset** 354 -))) 309 +* **Reset** 355 355 356 -((( 357 357 If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01 358 -))) 359 359 360 360 361 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**CFM**314 +* **CFM** 362 362 363 363 Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0 364 364 ... ... @@ -366,21 +366,12 @@ 366 366 367 367 == 2.6 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server == 368 368 369 -((( 370 370 [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps: 371 -))) 372 372 373 -((( 374 - 375 -))) 376 376 377 -((( 378 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time. 379 -))) 325 +**Step 1**: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time. 380 380 381 -((( 382 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps: 383 -))) 327 +**Step 2**: To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps: 384 384 385 385 386 386 [[image:1654505857935-743.png]] ... ... @@ -388,12 +388,11 @@ 388 388 389 389 [[image:1654505874829-548.png]] 390 390 335 +Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake. 391 391 392 - (% style="color:blue" %)**Step3**(%%)**:**Create an accountor log inDatacake.337 +Step 4: Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI. 393 393 394 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4**(%%)**:** Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI. 395 395 396 - 397 397 [[image:1654505905236-553.png]] 398 398 399 399 ... ... @@ -689,7 +689,6 @@ 689 689 * Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network. 690 690 * Blink once when device transmit a packet. 691 691 692 - 693 693 == 2.9 Installation in Soil == 694 694 695 695 **Measurement the soil surface** ... ... @@ -704,7 +704,6 @@ 704 704 ))) 705 705 706 706 707 - 708 708 [[image:1654506665940-119.png]] 709 709 710 710 ((( ... ... @@ -766,16 +766,16 @@ 766 766 ))) 767 767 768 768 * ((( 769 -[[Battery Dimension>>http s://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],710 +[[Battery Dimension>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/&file=LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf]], 770 770 ))) 771 771 * ((( 772 -[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/ index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],713 +[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER26500/ER26500_Datasheet-EN.pdf]], 773 773 ))) 774 774 * ((( 775 -[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>http s://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]], [[Tech Spec>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]]716 +[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg]], [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf]] 776 776 ))) 777 777 778 - [[image:image-202206 10172436-1.png]]719 + [[image:image-20220606171726-9.png]] 779 779 780 780 781 781 ... ... @@ -810,13 +810,13 @@ 810 810 811 811 LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below. 812 812 813 -[[image:1654501986557-872.png ||height="391" width="800"]]754 +[[image:1654501986557-872.png]] 814 814 815 815 816 816 Or if you have below board, use below connection: 817 817 818 818 819 -[[image:1654502005655-729.png ||height="503" width="801"]]760 +[[image:1654502005655-729.png]] 820 820 821 821 822 822 ... ... @@ -823,10 +823,10 @@ 823 823 In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below: 824 824 825 825 826 - [[image:1654502050864-459.png ||height="564" width="806"]]767 + [[image:1654502050864-459.png]] 827 827 828 828 829 -Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>http s://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]770 +Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]] 830 830 831 831 832 832 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? **(%%) : Help on <CMD> ... ... @@ -938,38 +938,20 @@ 938 938 939 939 == 4.1 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? == 940 940 941 -((( 942 -You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]]. 882 +You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.10FirmwareChangeLog"]]. 943 943 When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. 944 -))) 945 945 946 -((( 947 - 948 -))) 949 949 950 -((( 951 951 How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies. 952 -))) 953 953 954 -((( 955 - 956 -))) 957 957 958 -((( 959 959 You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA. 960 -))) 961 961 962 -((( 963 - 964 -))) 965 965 966 -((( 967 967 For example, in **US915** band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets. 968 -))) 969 969 970 970 [[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]] 971 971 972 - 973 973 When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are: 974 974 975 975 * 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125 ... ... @@ -982,47 +982,37 @@ 982 982 * 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125 983 983 * 904.6 - SF8BW500 984 984 985 -((( 986 986 Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run: 987 987 988 -* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+CHE=2** 989 -* (% style="color:#037691" %)**ATZ** 910 +(% class="box infomessage" %) 911 +((( 912 +**AT+CHE=2** 990 990 ))) 991 991 915 +(% class="box infomessage" %) 992 992 ((( 993 - 917 +**ATZ** 918 +))) 994 994 995 995 to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink. 996 -))) 997 997 998 -((( 999 - 1000 -))) 1001 1001 1002 -((( 1003 1003 The **AU915** band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels. 1004 -))) 1005 1005 1006 1006 [[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]] 1007 1007 1008 1008 1009 -== 4.2 Can I calibrate LSE01 to different soil types? == 1010 1010 1011 -LSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/&file=Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20220605.pdf]]. 1012 - 1013 - 1014 1014 = 5. Trouble Shooting = 1015 1015 1016 -== 5.1 Why I can 't join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==931 +== 5.1 Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? == 1017 1017 1018 -It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main. End DeviceATCommandsand Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.19EightChannelMode"]] section above for details.933 +It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome||anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details. 1019 1019 1020 1020 1021 -== 5.2 AT Command input doesn 't work ==936 +== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work == 1022 1022 1023 -((( 1024 -In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string. 1025 -))) 938 +In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string. 1026 1026 1027 1027 1028 1028 == 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet == ... ... @@ -1034,9 +1034,7 @@ 1034 1034 1035 1035 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Cause for this issue:** 1036 1036 1037 -((( 1038 1038 The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin. 1039 -))) 1040 1040 1041 1041 1042 1042 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Solution: ** ... ... @@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ 1043 1043 1044 1044 All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below: 1045 1045 1046 -[[image:1654500929571-736.png ||height="458" width="832"]]957 +[[image:1654500929571-736.png]] 1047 1047 1048 1048 1049 1049 = 6. Order Info = ... ... @@ -1076,9 +1076,7 @@ 1076 1076 = 7. Packing Info = 1077 1077 1078 1078 ((( 1079 - 1080 - 1081 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**: 990 +**Package Includes**: 1082 1082 ))) 1083 1083 1084 1084 * ((( ... ... @@ -1087,8 +1087,10 @@ 1087 1087 1088 1088 ((( 1089 1089 999 +))) 1090 1090 1091 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**: 1001 +((( 1002 +**Dimension and weight**: 1092 1092 ))) 1093 1093 1094 1094 * ((( ... ... @@ -1103,6 +1103,7 @@ 1103 1103 * ((( 1104 1104 Weight / pcs : g 1105 1105 1017 + 1106 1106 1107 1107 ))) 1108 1108 ... ... @@ -1110,3 +1110,5 @@ 1110 1110 1111 1111 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule. 1112 1112 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]] 1025 + 1026 +
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