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Title
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1 -LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual
1 +NSE01 - NB-IoT Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual
Content
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1 -{{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="**Contents**"}}
2 -{{toc/}}
3 -{{/box}}
1 +(% style="text-align:center" %)
2 +[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg||height="554" width="554"]]
4 4  
5 -= Paragraph 1 =
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8 8  
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16 16  
17 -=== Sub-sub paragraph ===
18 18  
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14 +**Table of Contents:**
25 25  
26 -== Sub-paragraph ==
27 27  
28 -Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
29 29  
30 -== Sub-paragraph ==
31 31  
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19 +
20 +
21 += 1.  Introduction =
22 +
23 +== 1.1 ​ What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
24 +
25 +(((
26 +
27 +
28 +Dragino NSE01 is an (% style="color:blue" %)**NB-IOT soil moisture & EC sensor**(%%) for agricultural IoT. Used to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loam. The soil sensor uses the FDR method to calculate soil moisture and compensates it with soil temperature and electrical conductivity. It has also been calibrated for mineral soil types at the factory.
29 +
30 +It can detect (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature and Soil Conductivity**(%%), and upload its value to the server wirelessly.
31 +
32 +The wireless technology used in NSE01 allows the device to send data at a low data rate and reach ultra-long distances, providing ultra-long-distance spread spectrum Communication.
33 +
34 +NSE01 are powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2**(%%) batteries, which can be used for up to 5 years.  
35 +
36 +
37 +)))
38 +
39 +[[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
40 +
41 +
42 +[[image:1657245163077-232.png]]
43 +
44 +
45 +
46 +== 1.2 ​Features ==
47 +
48 +
49 +* NB-IoT Bands: B1/B3/B8/B5/B20/B28 @H-FDD
50 +* Monitor Soil Moisture
51 +* Monitor Soil Temperature
52 +* Monitor Soil Conductivity
53 +* AT Commands to change parameters
54 +* Uplink on periodically
55 +* Downlink to change configure
56 +* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
57 +* Ultra-Low Power consumption
58 +* AT Commands to change parameters
59 +* Micro SIM card slot for NB-IoT SIM
60 +* 8500mAh Battery for long term use
61 +
62 +== 1.3  Specification ==
63 +
64 +
65 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**
66 +
67 +* Supply Voltage: 2.1v ~~ 3.6v
68 +* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C
69 +
70 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**NB-IoT Spec:**
71 +
72 +* - B1 @H-FDD: 2100MHz
73 +* - B3 @H-FDD: 1800MHz
74 +* - B8 @H-FDD: 900MHz
75 +* - B5 @H-FDD: 850MHz
76 +* - B20 @H-FDD: 800MHz
77 +* - B28 @H-FDD: 700MHz
78 +
79 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Probe Specification:**
80 +
81 +Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
82 +
83 +[[image:image-20220708101224-1.png]]
84 +
85 +
86 +
87 +== ​1.4  Applications ==
88 +
89 +* Smart Agriculture
90 +
91 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
92 +​
93 +
94 +== 1.5  Pin Definitions ==
95 +
96 +
97 +[[image:1657246476176-652.png]]
98 +
99 +
100 +
101 += 2.  Use NSE01 to communicate with IoT Server =
102 +
103 +== 2.1  How it works ==
104 +
105 +
106 +(((
107 +The NSE01 is equipped with a NB-IoT module, the pre-loaded firmware in NSE01 will get environment data from sensors and send the value to local NB-IoT network via the NB-IoT module.  The NB-IoT network will forward this value to IoT server via the protocol defined by NSE01.
108 +)))
109 +
110 +
111 +(((
112 +The diagram below shows the working flow in default firmware of NSE01:
113 +)))
114 +
115 +[[image:image-20220708101605-2.png]]
116 +
117 +(((
118 +
119 +)))
120 +
121 +
122 +
123 +== 2.2 ​ Configure the NSE01 ==
124 +
125 +
126 +=== 2.2.1 Test Requirement ===
127 +
128 +
129 +To use NSE01 in your city, make sure meet below requirements:
130 +
131 +* Your local operator has already distributed a NB-IoT Network there.
132 +* The local NB-IoT network used the band that NSE01 supports.
133 +* Your operator is able to distribute the data received in their NB-IoT network to your IoT server.
134 +
135 +(((
136 +Below figure shows our testing structure. Here we have NB-IoT network coverage by China Mobile, the band they use is B8.  The NSE01 will use CoAP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5683)(%%) or raw UDP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5601)(%%) or MQTT((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:1883)(%%)or TCP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5600)(%%)protocol to send data to the test server
137 +)))
138 +
139 +
140 +[[image:1657249419225-449.png]]
141 +
142 +
143 +
144 +=== 2.2.2 Insert SIM card ===
145 +
146 +Insert the NB-IoT Card get from your provider.
147 +
148 +User need to take out the NB-IoT module and insert the SIM card like below:
149 +
150 +
151 +[[image:1657249468462-536.png]]
152 +
153 +
154 +
155 +=== 2.2.3 Connect USB – TTL to NSE01 to configure it ===
156 +
157 +(((
158 +(((
159 +User need to configure NSE01 via serial port to set the (% style="color:blue" %)**Server Address** / **Uplink Topic** (%%)to define where and how-to uplink packets. NSE01 support AT Commands, user can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to NSE01 and use AT Commands to configure it, as below.
160 +)))
161 +)))
162 +
163 +
164 +**Connection:**
165 +
166 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL GND <~-~-~-~-> GND
167 +
168 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL TXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_RXD
169 +
170 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL RXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_TXD
171 +
172 +
173 +In the PC, use below serial tool settings:
174 +
175 +* Baud: (% style="color:green" %)**9600**
176 +* Data bits:** (% style="color:green" %)8(%%)**
177 +* Stop bits: (% style="color:green" %)**1**
178 +* Parity: (% style="color:green" %)**None**
179 +* Flow Control: (% style="color:green" %)**None**
180 +
181 +(((
182 +Make sure the switch is in FLASH position, then power on device by connecting the jumper on NSE01. NSE01 will output system info once power on as below, we can enter the (% style="color:green" %)**password: 12345678**(%%) to access AT Command input.
183 +)))
184 +
185 +[[image:image-20220708110657-3.png]]
186 +
187 +(% style="color:red" %)Note: the valid AT Commands can be found at: (%%)[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN50/]]
188 +
189 +
190 +
191 +=== 2.2.4 Use CoAP protocol to uplink data ===
192 +
193 +(% style="color:red" %)Note: if you don't have CoAP server, you can refer this link to set up one: (%%)[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Set_up_CoAP_Server>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Set_up_CoAP_Server]]
194 +
195 +
196 +**Use below commands:**
197 +
198 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=1**  (%%) ~/~/ Set to use CoAP protocol to uplink
199 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5683   ** (%%)~/~/ to set CoAP server address and port
200 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+URI=5,11,"mqtt",11,"coap",12,"0",15,"c=text1",23,"0" ** (%%) ~/~/Set COAP resource path
201 +
202 +
203 +
204 +For parameter description, please refer to AT command set
205 +
206 +[[image:1657249793983-486.png]]
207 +
208 +
209 +After configure the server address and (% style="color:green" %)**reset the device**(%%) (via AT+ATZ ), NSE01 will start to uplink sensor values to CoAP server.
210 +
211 +[[image:1657249831934-534.png]]
212 +
213 +
214 +
215 +=== 2.2.5 Use UDP protocol to uplink data(Default protocol) ===
216 +
217 +This feature is supported since firmware version v1.0.1
218 +
219 +
220 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=2   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use UDP protocol to uplink
221 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5601   ** (%%) ~/~/ to set UDP server address and port
222 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CFM=1       ** (%%) ~/~/If the server does not respond, this command is unnecessary
223 +
224 +
225 +
226 +[[image:1657249864775-321.png]]
227 +
228 +
229 +
230 +[[image:1657249930215-289.png]]
231 +
232 +
233 +
234 +=== 2.2.6 Use MQTT protocol to uplink data ===
235 +
236 +This feature is supported since firmware version v110
237 +
238 +
239 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=3   ** (%%) ~/~/Set to use MQTT protocol to uplink
240 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,1883   ** (%%) ~/~/Set MQTT server address and port
241 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CLIENT=CLIENT       ** (%%)~/~/Set up the CLIENT of MQTT
242 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+UNAME=UNAME            **(%%)~/~/Set the username of MQTT
243 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PWD=PWD                  **(%%)~/~/Set the password of MQTT
244 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PUBTOPIC=NSE01_PUB     **(%%)~/~/Set the sending topic of MQTT
245 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SUBTOPIC=NSE01_SUB          **(%%) ~/~/Set the subscription topic of MQTT
246 +
247 +[[image:1657249978444-674.png]]
248 +
249 +
250 +[[image:1657249990869-686.png]]
251 +
252 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.jpg]]
253 +
254 +
255 +MQTT protocol has a much higher power consumption compare vs UDP / CoAP protocol. Please check the power analyze document and adjust the uplink period to a suitable interval.
256 +
257 +
258 +=== 2.2.7 Use TCP protocol to uplink data ===
259 +
260 +
261 +This feature is supported since firmware version v110
262 +
263 +
264 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=4   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use TCP protocol to uplink
265 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5600   **(%%) ~/~/ to set TCP server address and port
266 +
267 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.jpg]]
268 +
269 +
270 +
271 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.jpg]]
272 +
273 +
274 +=== 2.2.8 Change Update Interval ===
275 +
276 +User can use below command to change the (% style="color:green" %)**uplink interval**.
277 +
278 +**~ (% style="color:blue" %)AT+TDC=600      (%%)**(% style="color:blue" %) (%%)~/~/ Set Update Interval to 600s
279 +
280 +
281 +(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**
282 +
283 +(% style="color:red" %)1. By default, the device will send an uplink message every 1 hour.
284 +
285 +
286 +
287 +
288 +
289 +
290 +
291 +== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
292 +
293 +
294 +=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
295 +
296 +LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 
297 +
298 +(((
299 +Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
300 +)))
301 +
302 +(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
303 +|(((
304 +**Size**
305 +
306 +**(bytes)**
307 +)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1**
308 +|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
309 +Temperature
310 +
311 +(Reserve, Ignore now)
312 +)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(((
313 +MOD & Digital Interrupt
314 +
315 +(Optional)
316 +)))
317 +
318 +=== 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
319 +
320 +This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
321 +
322 +(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
323 +|(((
324 +**Size**
325 +
326 +**(bytes)**
327 +)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1**
328 +|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
329 +Temperature
330 +
331 +(Reserve, Ignore now)
332 +)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|(((
333 +MOD & Digital Interrupt
334 +
335 +(Optional)
336 +)))
337 +
338 +=== 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
339 +
340 +(((
341 +Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
342 +)))
343 +
344 +(((
345 +Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
346 +)))
347 +
348 +(((
349 +Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
350 +)))
351 +
352 +
353 +
354 +=== 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
355 +
356 +(((
357 +Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
358 +)))
359 +
360 +(((
361 +For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
362 +)))
363 +
364 +(((
365 +
366 +)))
367 +
368 +(((
369 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
370 +)))
371 +
372 +
373 +
374 +=== 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
375 +
376 +(((
377 + Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
378 +)))
379 +
380 +(((
381 +**Example**:
382 +)))
383 +
384 +(((
385 +If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
386 +)))
387 +
388 +(((
389 +If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
390 +)))
391 +
392 +
393 +
394 +=== 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
395 +
396 +(((
397 +Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble salt concentration__**(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__**(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__planting medium__**(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
398 +)))
399 +
400 +(((
401 +For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
402 +)))
403 +
404 +(((
405 +Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
406 +)))
407 +
408 +(((
409 +
410 +)))
411 +
412 +(((
413 +
414 +)))
415 +
416 +=== 2.3.7 MOD ===
417 +
418 +Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
419 +
420 +For example, bytes[10]=90
421 +
422 +mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
423 +
424 +
425 +**Downlink Command:**
426 +
427 +If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
428 +
429 +If** **payload =** **0x0A01, workmode=1
430 +
431 +
432 +
433 +=== 2.3.8 ​Decode payload in The Things Network ===
434 +
435 +While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
436 +
437 +
438 +[[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
439 +
440 +(((
441 +The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
442 +)))
443 +
444 +(((
445 +LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0]]
446 +)))
447 +
448 +
449 +== 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
450 +
451 +The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
452 +
453 +
454 +
455 +== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
456 +
457 +By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
458 +
459 +[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
460 +
461 +
462 +(((
463 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:**
464 +)))
465 +
466 +(((
467 +
468 +)))
469 +
470 +* (((
471 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Set TDC**
472 +)))
473 +
474 +(((
475 +If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
476 +)))
477 +
478 +(((
479 +Payload:    01 00 00 1E    TDC=30S
480 +)))
481 +
482 +(((
483 +Payload:    01 00 00 3C    TDC=60S
484 +)))
485 +
486 +(((
487 +
488 +)))
489 +
490 +* (((
491 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Reset**
492 +)))
493 +
494 +(((
495 +If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
496 +)))
497 +
498 +
499 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**CFM**
500 +
501 +Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
502 +
503 +
504 +
505 +== 2.6 ​Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
506 +
507 +(((
508 +[[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
509 +)))
510 +
511 +(((
512 +
513 +)))
514 +
515 +(((
516 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%):  Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
517 +)))
518 +
519 +(((
520 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%):  To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
521 +)))
522 +
523 +
524 +[[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
525 +
526 +
527 +[[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
528 +
529 +
530 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:**  Create an account or log in Datacake.
531 +
532 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4**(%%)**:**  Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
533 +
534 +
535 +[[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
536 +
537 +
538 +After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
539 +
540 +[[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
541 +
542 +
543 +
544 +== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
545 +
546 +The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
547 +
548 +
549 +=== 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
550 +
551 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
552 +
553 +868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
554 +
555 +868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
556 +
557 +868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
558 +
559 +867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
560 +
561 +867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
562 +
563 +867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
564 +
565 +867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
566 +
567 +867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
568 +
569 +868.8 - FSK
570 +
571 +
572 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
573 +
574 +Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
575 +
576 +869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
577 +
578 +
579 +
580 +=== 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
581 +
582 +Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
583 +
584 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
585 +
586 +903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
587 +
588 +904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
589 +
590 +904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
591 +
592 +904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
593 +
594 +904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
595 +
596 +904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
597 +
598 +905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
599 +
600 +905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
601 +
602 +
603 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
604 +
605 +923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
606 +
607 +923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
608 +
609 +924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
610 +
611 +925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
612 +
613 +925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
614 +
615 +926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
616 +
617 +926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
618 +
619 +927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
620 +
621 +923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
622 +
623 +
624 +
625 +=== 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
626 +
627 +Used in China, Default use CHE=1
628 +
629 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
630 +
631 +486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
632 +
633 +486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
634 +
635 +486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
636 +
637 +486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
638 +
639 +487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
640 +
641 +487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
642 +
643 +487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
644 +
645 +487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
646 +
647 +
648 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
649 +
650 +506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
651 +
652 +506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
653 +
654 +507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
655 +
656 +507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
657 +
658 +507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
659 +
660 +507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
661 +
662 +507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
663 +
664 +508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
665 +
666 +505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
667 +
668 +
669 +
670 +=== 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
671 +
672 +Default use CHE=2
673 +
674 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
675 +
676 +916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
677 +
678 +917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
679 +
680 +917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
681 +
682 +917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
683 +
684 +917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
685 +
686 +917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
687 +
688 +918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
689 +
690 +918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
691 +
692 +
693 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
694 +
695 +923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
696 +
697 +923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
698 +
699 +924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
700 +
701 +925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
702 +
703 +925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
704 +
705 +926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
706 +
707 +926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
708 +
709 +927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
710 +
711 +923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
712 +
713 +
714 +
715 +=== 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
716 +
717 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Default Uplink channel:**
718 +
719 +923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
720 +
721 +923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
722 +
723 +
724 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Additional Uplink Channel**:
725 +
726 +(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
727 +
728 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore**:
729 +
730 +922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
731 +
732 +922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
733 +
734 +922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
735 +
736 +922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
737 +
738 +923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
739 +
740 +922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
741 +
742 +
743 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam**:
744 +
745 +923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
746 +
747 +923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
748 +
749 +924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
750 +
751 +924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
752 +
753 +924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
754 +
755 +924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
756 +
757 +
758 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
759 +
760 +Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
761 +
762 +923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
763 +
764 +
765 +
766 +=== 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
767 +
768 +Default channel:
769 +
770 +922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
771 +
772 +922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
773 +
774 +922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
775 +
776 +
777 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)**
778 +
779 +922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
780 +
781 +922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
782 +
783 +922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
784 +
785 +922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
786 +
787 +922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
788 +
789 +923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
790 +
791 +923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
792 +
793 +
794 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
795 +
796 +Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
797 +
798 +921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
799 +
800 +
801 +
802 +=== 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
803 +
804 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
805 +
806 +865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
807 +
808 +865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
809 +
810 +865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
811 +
812 +
813 +(% style="color:#037691" %) **Downlink:**
814 +
815 +Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
816 +
817 +866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
818 +
819 +
820 +
821 +
822 +== 2.8 LED Indicator ==
823 +
824 +The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
825 +
826 +* Blink once when device power on.
827 +* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
828 +* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
829 +
830 +== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
831 +
832 +**Measurement the soil surface**
833 +
834 +
835 +[[image:1654506634463-199.png]] ​
836 +
837 +(((
838 +(((
839 +Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
840 +)))
841 +)))
842 +
843 +
844 +
845 +[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
846 +
847 +(((
848 +Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
849 +)))
850 +
851 +(((
852 +Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
853 +)))
854 +
855 +
856 +== 2.10 ​Firmware Change Log ==
857 +
858 +(((
859 +**Firmware download link:**
860 +)))
861 +
862 +(((
863 +[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
864 +)))
865 +
866 +(((
867 +
868 +)))
869 +
870 +(((
871 +**Firmware Upgrade Method: **[[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
872 +)))
873 +
874 +(((
875 +
876 +)))
877 +
878 +(((
879 +**V1.0.**
880 +)))
881 +
882 +(((
883 +Release
884 +)))
885 +
886 +
887 +== 2.11 ​Battery Analysis ==
888 +
889 +=== 2.11.1 ​Battery Type ===
890 +
891 +(((
892 +The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
893 +)))
894 +
895 +(((
896 +The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
897 +)))
898 +
899 +(((
900 +(((
901 +The battery-related documents are as below:
902 +)))
903 +)))
904 +
905 +* (((
906 +[[Battery Dimension>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
907 +)))
908 +* (((
909 +[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery  datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
910 +)))
911 +* (((
912 +[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]], [[Tech Spec>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]]
913 +)))
914 +
915 + [[image:image-20220610172436-1.png]]
916 +
917 +
918 +
919 +=== 2.11.2 ​Battery Note ===
920 +
921 +(((
922 +The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
923 +)))
924 +
925 +
926 +
927 +=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
928 +
929 +(((
930 +If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
931 +)))
932 +
933 +(((
934 +You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
935 +)))
936 +
937 +(((
938 +The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
939 +)))
940 +
941 +
942 +
943 += 3. ​Using the AT Commands =
944 +
945 +== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
946 +
947 +
948 +LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
949 +
950 +[[image:1654501986557-872.png||height="391" width="800"]]
951 +
952 +
953 +Or if you have below board, use below connection:
954 +
955 +
956 +[[image:1654502005655-729.png||height="503" width="801"]]
957 +
958 +
959 +
960 +In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
961 +
962 +
963 + [[image:1654502050864-459.png||height="564" width="806"]]
964 +
965 +
966 +Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]
967 +
968 +
969 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? **(%%) : Help on <CMD>
970 +
971 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> **(%%) : Run <CMD>
972 +
973 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>**(%%) : Set the value
974 +
975 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?**(%%)  : Get the value
976 +
977 +
978 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**General Commands**(%%)      
979 +
980 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT**(%%)  : Attention       
981 +
982 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT?**(%%)  : Short Help     
983 +
984 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**(%%)  : MCU Reset    
985 +
986 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TDC**(%%)  : Application Data Transmission Interval 
987 +
988 +
989 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Keys, IDs and EUIs management**
990 +
991 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPEUI**(%%)              : Application EUI      
992 +
993 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPKEY**(%%)              : Application Key     
994 +
995 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPSKEY**(%%)            : Application Session Key
996 +
997 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DADDR**(%%)              : Device Address     
998 +
999 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DEUI**(%%)                   : Device EUI     
1000 +
1001 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKID**(%%)               : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection) 
1002 +
1003 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKSKEY**(%%)          : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network  
1004 +
1005 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFM**(%%)  : Confirm Mode       
1006 +
1007 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFS**(%%)                     : Confirm Status       
1008 +
1009 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JOIN**(%%)  : Join LoRa? Network       
1010 +
1011 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM**(%%)  : LoRa? Network Join Mode    
1012 +
1013 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJS**(%%)                     : LoRa? Network Join Status    
1014 +
1015 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECV**(%%)                  : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
1016 +
1017 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECVB**(%%)                : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format      
1018 +
1019 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SEND**(%%)                  : Send Text Data      
1020 +
1021 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SENB**(%%)                  : Send Hexadecimal Data
1022 +
1023 +
1024 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Network Management**
1025 +
1026 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ADR**(%%)          : Adaptive Rate
1027 +
1028 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CLASS**(%%)  : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
1029 +
1030 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DCS**(%%)  : Duty Cycle Setting 
1031 +
1032 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DR**(%%)  : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)     
1033 +
1034 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCD**(%%)  : Frame Counter Downlink       
1035 +
1036 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCU**(%%)  : Frame Counter Uplink   
1037 +
1038 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN1DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay1
1039 +
1040 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN2DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay2
1041 +
1042 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PNM**(%%)  : Public Network Mode   
1043 +
1044 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX1DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay1      
1045 +
1046 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay2      
1047 +
1048 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DR**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Data Rate 
1049 +
1050 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2FQ**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Frequency
1051 +
1052 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TXP**(%%)  : Transmit Power
1053 +
1054 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ MOD**(%%)  : Set work mode
1055 +
1056 +
1057 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Information** 
1058 +
1059 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RSSI**(%%)           : RSSI of the Last Received Packet   
1060 +
1061 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SNR**(%%)           : SNR of the Last Received Packet   
1062 +
1063 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+VER**(%%)           : Image Version and Frequency Band       
1064 +
1065 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR**(%%)           : Factory Data Reset
1066 +
1067 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PORT**(%%)  : Application Port    
1068 +
1069 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHS**(%%)  : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
1070 +
1071 + (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHE**(%%)  : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
1072 +
1073 +
1074 += ​4. FAQ =
1075 +
1076 +== 4.1 ​How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
1077 +
1078 +(((
1079 +You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
1080 +When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. ​
1081 +)))
1082 +
1083 +(((
1084 +
1085 +)))
1086 +
1087 +(((
1088 +How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
1089 +)))
1090 +
1091 +(((
1092 +
1093 +)))
1094 +
1095 +(((
1096 +You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
1097 +)))
1098 +
1099 +(((
1100 +
1101 +)))
1102 +
1103 +(((
1104 +For example, in **US915** band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
1105 +)))
1106 +
1107 +[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
1108 +
1109 +
1110 +When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
1111 +
1112 +* 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1113 +* 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1114 +* 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1115 +* 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1116 +* 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1117 +* 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1118 +* 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1119 +* 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1120 +* 904.6 - SF8BW500
1121 +
1122 +(((
1123 +Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
1124 +
1125 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+CHE=2**
1126 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**ATZ**
1127 +)))
1128 +
1129 +(((
1130 +
1131 +
1132 +to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
1133 +)))
1134 +
1135 +(((
1136 +
1137 +)))
1138 +
1139 +(((
1140 +The **AU915** band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
1141 +)))
1142 +
1143 +[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
1144 +
1145 +
1146 +== 4.2 ​Can I calibrate LSE01 to different soil types? ==
1147 +
1148 +LSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/&file=Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20220605.pdf]].
1149 +
1150 +
1151 += 5. Trouble Shooting =
1152 +
1153 +== 5.1 ​Why I can't join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
1154 +
1155 +It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.19EightChannelMode"]] section above for details.
1156 +
1157 +
1158 +== 5.2 AT Command input doesn't work ==
1159 +
1160 +(((
1161 +In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
1162 +)))
1163 +
1164 +
1165 +== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
1166 +
1167 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Issue describe as below:**
1168 +
1169 +[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
1170 +
1171 +
1172 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Cause for this issue:**
1173 +
1174 +(((
1175 +The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
1176 +)))
1177 +
1178 +
1179 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Solution: **
1180 +
1181 +All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
1182 +
1183 +[[image:1654500929571-736.png||height="458" width="832"]]
1184 +
1185 +
1186 += 6. ​Order Info =
1187 +
1188 +
1189 +Part Number**:** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LSE01-XX-YY**
1190 +
1191 +
1192 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**XX**(%%)**:** The default frequency band
1193 +
1194 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
1195 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
1196 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
1197 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
1198 +* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
1199 +* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
1200 +* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
1201 +* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
1202 +
1203 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**YY**(%%)**: **Battery Option
1204 +
1205 +* (% style="color:red" %)**4**(%%): 4000mAh battery
1206 +* (% style="color:red" %)**8**(%%): 8500mAh battery
1207 +
1208 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
1209 +(((
1210 +
1211 +)))
1212 +
1213 += 7. Packing Info =
1214 +
1215 +(((
1216 +
1217 +
1218 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:
1219 +)))
1220 +
1221 +* (((
1222 +LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
1223 +)))
1224 +
1225 +(((
1226 +
1227 +
1228 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**:
1229 +)))
1230 +
1231 +* (((
1232 +Device Size: cm
1233 +)))
1234 +* (((
1235 +Device Weight: g
1236 +)))
1237 +* (((
1238 +Package Size / pcs : cm
1239 +)))
1240 +* (((
1241 +Weight / pcs : g
1242 +
1243 +
1244 +)))
1245 +
1246 += 8. Support =
1247 +
1248 +* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1249 +* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
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