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Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2024/04/02 16:44
From version 4.1
edited by Xiaoling
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To version 47.1
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/08 11:04
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1 -LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual
1 +NSE01 - NB-IoT Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual
Content
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1 -{{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="**Contents**"}}
2 -{{toc/}}
3 -{{/box}}
1 +(% style="text-align:center" %)
2 +[[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg||height="554" width="554"]]
4 4  
5 -= Paragraph 1 =
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8 8  
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16 16  
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14 +**Table of Contents:**
25 25  
26 -== Sub-paragraph ==
27 27  
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29 29  
30 -== Sub-paragraph ==
31 31  
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19 +
20 +
21 += 1.  Introduction =
22 +
23 +== 1.1 ​ What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
24 +
25 +(((
26 +
27 +
28 +Dragino NSE01 is an (% style="color:blue" %)**NB-IOT soil moisture & EC sensor**(%%) for agricultural IoT. Used to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loam. The soil sensor uses the FDR method to calculate soil moisture and compensates it with soil temperature and electrical conductivity. It has also been calibrated for mineral soil types at the factory.
29 +
30 +It can detect (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature and Soil Conductivity**(%%), and upload its value to the server wirelessly.
31 +
32 +The wireless technology used in NSE01 allows the device to send data at a low data rate and reach ultra-long distances, providing ultra-long-distance spread spectrum Communication.
33 +
34 +NSE01 are powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2**(%%) batteries, which can be used for up to 5 years.  
35 +
36 +
37 +)))
38 +
39 +[[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
40 +
41 +
42 +[[image:1657245163077-232.png]]
43 +
44 +
45 +
46 +== 1.2 ​Features ==
47 +
48 +
49 +* NB-IoT Bands: B1/B3/B8/B5/B20/B28 @H-FDD
50 +* Monitor Soil Moisture
51 +* Monitor Soil Temperature
52 +* Monitor Soil Conductivity
53 +* AT Commands to change parameters
54 +* Uplink on periodically
55 +* Downlink to change configure
56 +* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
57 +* Ultra-Low Power consumption
58 +* AT Commands to change parameters
59 +* Micro SIM card slot for NB-IoT SIM
60 +* 8500mAh Battery for long term use
61 +
62 +
63 +
64 +== 1.3  Specification ==
65 +
66 +
67 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**
68 +
69 +* Supply Voltage: 2.1v ~~ 3.6v
70 +* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C
71 +
72 +
73 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**NB-IoT Spec:**
74 +
75 +* - B1 @H-FDD: 2100MHz
76 +* - B3 @H-FDD: 1800MHz
77 +* - B8 @H-FDD: 900MHz
78 +* - B5 @H-FDD: 850MHz
79 +* - B20 @H-FDD: 800MHz
80 +* - B28 @H-FDD: 700MHz
81 +
82 +
83 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Probe Specification:**
84 +
85 +Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
86 +
87 +[[image:image-20220708101224-1.png]]
88 +
89 +
90 +
91 +== ​1.4  Applications ==
92 +
93 +* Smart Agriculture
94 +
95 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
96 +​
97 +
98 +== 1.5  Pin Definitions ==
99 +
100 +
101 +[[image:1657246476176-652.png]]
102 +
103 +
104 +
105 += 2.  Use NSE01 to communicate with IoT Server =
106 +
107 +== 2.1  How it works ==
108 +
109 +
110 +(((
111 +The NSE01 is equipped with a NB-IoT module, the pre-loaded firmware in NSE01 will get environment data from sensors and send the value to local NB-IoT network via the NB-IoT module.  The NB-IoT network will forward this value to IoT server via the protocol defined by NSE01.
112 +)))
113 +
114 +
115 +(((
116 +The diagram below shows the working flow in default firmware of NSE01:
117 +)))
118 +
119 +[[image:image-20220708101605-2.png]]
120 +
121 +(((
122 +
123 +)))
124 +
125 +
126 +
127 +== 2.2 ​ Configure the NSE01 ==
128 +
129 +=== 2.2.1 Test Requirement ===
130 +
131 +
132 +To use NSE01 in your city, make sure meet below requirements:
133 +
134 +* Your local operator has already distributed a NB-IoT Network there.
135 +* The local NB-IoT network used the band that NSE01 supports.
136 +* Your operator is able to distribute the data received in their NB-IoT network to your IoT server.
137 +
138 +
139 +Below figure shows our testing structure. Here we have NB-IoT network coverage by China Mobile, the band they use is B8.  The NSE01 will use CoAP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5683)(%%) or raw UDP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5601)(%%) or MQTT((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:1883)(%%)or TCP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5600)(%%)protocol to send data to the test server
140 +
141 +
142 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif]]
143 +
144 +
145 +
146 +=== 2.2.2 Insert SIM card ===
147 +
148 +Insert the NB-IoT Card get from your provider.
149 +
150 +
151 +User need to take out the NB-IoT module and insert the SIM card like below:
152 +
153 +
154 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif]]
155 +
156 +
157 +=== 2.2.3 Connect USB – TTL to NSE01 to configure it ===
158 +
159 +
160 +User need to configure NSE01 via serial port to set the **(% style="color:blue" %)Server Address** / **Uplink Topic** (%%)to define where and how-to uplink packets. NSE01 support AT Commands, user can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to NSE01 and use AT Commands to configure it, as below.
161 +
162 +
163 +
164 +
165 +Connection:
166 +
167 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL GND <~-~-~-~-> GND
168 +
169 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL TXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_RXD
170 +
171 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL RXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_TXD
172 +
173 +
174 +
175 +In the PC, use below serial tool settings:
176 +
177 +* Baud: ** (% style="background-color:green" %)9600**(%%)
178 +* Data bits:** (% style="background-color:green" %)8**(%%)
179 +* Stop bits: **(% style="background-color:green" %)1**(%%)
180 +* Parity: **(% style="background-color:green" %)None**(%%)
181 +* Flow Control: **(% style="background-color:green" %)None**
182 +
183 +
184 +Make sure the switch is in FLASH position, then power on device by connecting the jumper on NSE01. NSE01 will output system info once power on as below, we can enter the **(% style="background-color:green" %)password: 12345678**(%%) to access AT Command input.
185 +
186 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image009.jpg]]
187 +
188 +Note: the valid AT Commands can be found at:
189 +
190 +[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN50/]]
191 +
192 +
193 +
194 +=== 2.2.4 Use CoAP protocol to uplink data === 
195 +
196 +
197 +(% style="background-color:red" %)Note: if you don’t have CoAP server, you can refer this link to set up one:
198 +
199 +[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Set_up_CoAP_Server>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Set_up_CoAP_Server]]
200 +
201 +
202 +Use below commands:
203 +
204 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+PRO=1**  (%%)  ~/~/ Set to use CoAP protocol to uplink
205 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5683   ** (%%)~/~/ to set CoAP server address and port
206 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+URI=5,11,"mqtt",11,"coap",12,"0",15,"c=text1",23,"0" ** (%%)      ~/~/Set COAP resource path
207 +
208 +
209 +For parameter description, please refer to AT command set
210 +
211 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image011.jpg]]
212 +
213 +
214 +After configure the server address and **(% style="color:green" %)reset the device**(%%) (via AT+ATZ ), NSE01 will start to uplink sensor values to CoAP server.
215 +
216 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.jpg]]
217 +
218 +
219 +=== 2.2.5 Use UDP protocol to uplink data(Default protocol) ===
220 +
221 +
222 +This feature is supported since firmware version v1.0.1
223 +
224 +
225 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+PRO=2   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use UDP protocol to uplink
226 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5601   ** (%%) ~/~/ to set UDP server address and port
227 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+CFM=1       ** (%%) ~/~/If the server does not respond, this command is unnecessary
228 +
229 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image015.jpg]]
230 +
231 +
232 +
233 +
234 +
235 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image017.jpg]]
236 +
237 +
238 +=== 2.2.6 Use MQTT protocol to uplink data ===
239 +
240 +
241 +This feature is supported since firmware version v110
242 +
243 +
244 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+PRO=3   ** (%%) ~/~/Set to use MQTT protocol to uplink
245 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,1883   ** (%%) ~/~/Set MQTT server address and port
246 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+CLIENT=CLIENT ** (%%)~/~/Set up the CLIENT of MQTT
247 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+UNAME=UNAME            **(%%)~/~/Set the username of MQTT
248 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+PWD=PWD                  **(%%)~/~/Set the password of MQTT
249 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+PUBTOPIC=NSE01_PUB   **(%%)~/~/Set the sending topic of MQTT
250 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+SUBTOPIC=NSE01_SUB    **(%%) ~/~/Set the subscription topic of MQTT
251 +
252 +
253 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.gif]]
254 +
255 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.jpg]]
256 +
257 +
258 +MQTT protocol has a much higher power consumption compare vs UDP / CoAP protocol. Please check the power analyze document and adjust the uplink period to a suitable interval.
259 +
260 +
261 +=== 2.2.7 Use TCP protocol to uplink data ===
262 +
263 +
264 +This feature is supported since firmware version v110
265 +
266 +
267 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+PRO=4   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use TCP protocol to uplink
268 +* **(% style="color:blue" %)AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5600   **(%%) ~/~/ to set TCP server address and port
269 +
270 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.jpg]]
271 +
272 +
273 +
274 +[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.jpg]]
275 +
276 +
277 +=== 2.2.8 Change Update Interval ===
278 +
279 +User can use below command to change the **(% style="color:green" %)uplink interval**.
280 +
281 +**~ (% style="color:blue" %)AT+TDC=600      ** (%%)~/~/ Set Update Interval to 600s
282 +
283 +
284 +**(% style="color:red" %)NOTE:**
285 +
286 +(% style="color:red" %)1. By default, the device will send an uplink message every 1 hour.
287 +
288 +
289 +
290 +
291 +
292 +
293 +
294 +== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
295 +
296 +
297 +=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
298 +
299 +LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 
300 +
301 +(((
302 +Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
303 +)))
304 +
305 +(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
306 +|(((
307 +**Size**
308 +
309 +**(bytes)**
310 +)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1**
311 +|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
312 +Temperature
313 +
314 +(Reserve, Ignore now)
315 +)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(((
316 +MOD & Digital Interrupt
317 +
318 +(Optional)
319 +)))
320 +
321 +=== 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
322 +
323 +This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
324 +
325 +(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
326 +|(((
327 +**Size**
328 +
329 +**(bytes)**
330 +)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1**
331 +|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
332 +Temperature
333 +
334 +(Reserve, Ignore now)
335 +)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|(((
336 +MOD & Digital Interrupt
337 +
338 +(Optional)
339 +)))
340 +
341 +=== 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
342 +
343 +(((
344 +Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
345 +)))
346 +
347 +(((
348 +Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
349 +)))
350 +
351 +(((
352 +Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
353 +)))
354 +
355 +
356 +
357 +=== 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
358 +
359 +(((
360 +Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
361 +)))
362 +
363 +(((
364 +For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
365 +)))
366 +
367 +(((
368 +
369 +)))
370 +
371 +(((
372 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
373 +)))
374 +
375 +
376 +
377 +=== 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
378 +
379 +(((
380 + Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
381 +)))
382 +
383 +(((
384 +**Example**:
385 +)))
386 +
387 +(((
388 +If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
389 +)))
390 +
391 +(((
392 +If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
393 +)))
394 +
395 +
396 +
397 +=== 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
398 +
399 +(((
400 +Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble salt concentration__**(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__**(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__planting medium__**(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
401 +)))
402 +
403 +(((
404 +For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
405 +)))
406 +
407 +(((
408 +Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
409 +)))
410 +
411 +(((
412 +
413 +)))
414 +
415 +(((
416 +
417 +)))
418 +
419 +=== 2.3.7 MOD ===
420 +
421 +Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
422 +
423 +For example, bytes[10]=90
424 +
425 +mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
426 +
427 +
428 +**Downlink Command:**
429 +
430 +If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
431 +
432 +If** **payload =** **0x0A01, workmode=1
433 +
434 +
435 +
436 +=== 2.3.8 ​Decode payload in The Things Network ===
437 +
438 +While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
439 +
440 +
441 +[[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
442 +
443 +(((
444 +The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
445 +)))
446 +
447 +(((
448 +LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/si8icbrjlamxqdb/AAACYwjsxxr5fj_vpqRtrETAa?dl=0]]
449 +)))
450 +
451 +
452 +== 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
453 +
454 +The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
455 +
456 +
457 +
458 +== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
459 +
460 +By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
461 +
462 +[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
463 +
464 +
465 +(((
466 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:**
467 +)))
468 +
469 +(((
470 +
471 +)))
472 +
473 +* (((
474 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Set TDC**
475 +)))
476 +
477 +(((
478 +If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
479 +)))
480 +
481 +(((
482 +Payload:    01 00 00 1E    TDC=30S
483 +)))
484 +
485 +(((
486 +Payload:    01 00 00 3C    TDC=60S
487 +)))
488 +
489 +(((
490 +
491 +)))
492 +
493 +* (((
494 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Reset**
495 +)))
496 +
497 +(((
498 +If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
499 +)))
500 +
501 +
502 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**CFM**
503 +
504 +Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
505 +
506 +
507 +
508 +== 2.6 ​Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
509 +
510 +(((
511 +[[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
512 +)))
513 +
514 +(((
515 +
516 +)))
517 +
518 +(((
519 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%):  Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
520 +)))
521 +
522 +(((
523 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%):  To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
524 +)))
525 +
526 +
527 +[[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
528 +
529 +
530 +[[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
531 +
532 +
533 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:**  Create an account or log in Datacake.
534 +
535 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4**(%%)**:**  Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
536 +
537 +
538 +[[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
539 +
540 +
541 +After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
542 +
543 +[[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
544 +
545 +
546 +
547 +== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
548 +
549 +The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
550 +
551 +
552 +=== 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
553 +
554 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
555 +
556 +868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
557 +
558 +868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
559 +
560 +868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
561 +
562 +867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
563 +
564 +867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
565 +
566 +867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
567 +
568 +867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
569 +
570 +867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
571 +
572 +868.8 - FSK
573 +
574 +
575 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
576 +
577 +Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
578 +
579 +869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
580 +
581 +
582 +
583 +=== 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
584 +
585 +Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
586 +
587 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
588 +
589 +903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
590 +
591 +904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
592 +
593 +904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
594 +
595 +904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
596 +
597 +904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
598 +
599 +904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
600 +
601 +905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
602 +
603 +905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
604 +
605 +
606 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
607 +
608 +923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
609 +
610 +923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
611 +
612 +924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
613 +
614 +925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
615 +
616 +925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
617 +
618 +926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
619 +
620 +926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
621 +
622 +927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
623 +
624 +923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
625 +
626 +
627 +
628 +=== 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
629 +
630 +Used in China, Default use CHE=1
631 +
632 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
633 +
634 +486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
635 +
636 +486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
637 +
638 +486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
639 +
640 +486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
641 +
642 +487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
643 +
644 +487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
645 +
646 +487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
647 +
648 +487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
649 +
650 +
651 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
652 +
653 +506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
654 +
655 +506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
656 +
657 +507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
658 +
659 +507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
660 +
661 +507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
662 +
663 +507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
664 +
665 +507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
666 +
667 +508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
668 +
669 +505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
670 +
671 +
672 +
673 +=== 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
674 +
675 +Default use CHE=2
676 +
677 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
678 +
679 +916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
680 +
681 +917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
682 +
683 +917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
684 +
685 +917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
686 +
687 +917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
688 +
689 +917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
690 +
691 +918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
692 +
693 +918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
694 +
695 +
696 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
697 +
698 +923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
699 +
700 +923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
701 +
702 +924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
703 +
704 +925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
705 +
706 +925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
707 +
708 +926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
709 +
710 +926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
711 +
712 +927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
713 +
714 +923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
715 +
716 +
717 +
718 +=== 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
719 +
720 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Default Uplink channel:**
721 +
722 +923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
723 +
724 +923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
725 +
726 +
727 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Additional Uplink Channel**:
728 +
729 +(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
730 +
731 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore**:
732 +
733 +922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
734 +
735 +922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
736 +
737 +922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
738 +
739 +922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
740 +
741 +923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
742 +
743 +922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
744 +
745 +
746 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam**:
747 +
748 +923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
749 +
750 +923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
751 +
752 +924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
753 +
754 +924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
755 +
756 +924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
757 +
758 +924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
759 +
760 +
761 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
762 +
763 +Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
764 +
765 +923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
766 +
767 +
768 +
769 +=== 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
770 +
771 +Default channel:
772 +
773 +922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
774 +
775 +922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
776 +
777 +922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
778 +
779 +
780 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)**
781 +
782 +922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
783 +
784 +922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
785 +
786 +922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
787 +
788 +922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
789 +
790 +922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
791 +
792 +923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
793 +
794 +923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
795 +
796 +
797 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
798 +
799 +Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
800 +
801 +921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
802 +
803 +
804 +
805 +=== 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
806 +
807 +(% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
808 +
809 +865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
810 +
811 +865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
812 +
813 +865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
814 +
815 +
816 +(% style="color:#037691" %) **Downlink:**
817 +
818 +Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
819 +
820 +866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
821 +
822 +
823 +
824 +
825 +== 2.8 LED Indicator ==
826 +
827 +The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
828 +
829 +* Blink once when device power on.
830 +* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
831 +* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
832 +
833 +== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
834 +
835 +**Measurement the soil surface**
836 +
837 +
838 +[[image:1654506634463-199.png]] ​
839 +
840 +(((
841 +(((
842 +Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
843 +)))
844 +)))
845 +
846 +
847 +
848 +[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
849 +
850 +(((
851 +Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
852 +)))
853 +
854 +(((
855 +Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
856 +)))
857 +
858 +
859 +== 2.10 ​Firmware Change Log ==
860 +
861 +(((
862 +**Firmware download link:**
863 +)))
864 +
865 +(((
866 +[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
867 +)))
868 +
869 +(((
870 +
871 +)))
872 +
873 +(((
874 +**Firmware Upgrade Method: **[[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
875 +)))
876 +
877 +(((
878 +
879 +)))
880 +
881 +(((
882 +**V1.0.**
883 +)))
884 +
885 +(((
886 +Release
887 +)))
888 +
889 +
890 +== 2.11 ​Battery Analysis ==
891 +
892 +=== 2.11.1 ​Battery Type ===
893 +
894 +(((
895 +The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
896 +)))
897 +
898 +(((
899 +The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
900 +)))
901 +
902 +(((
903 +(((
904 +The battery-related documents are as below:
905 +)))
906 +)))
907 +
908 +* (((
909 +[[Battery Dimension>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
910 +)))
911 +* (((
912 +[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery  datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]],
913 +)))
914 +* (((
915 +[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]], [[Tech Spec>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/]]
916 +)))
917 +
918 + [[image:image-20220610172436-1.png]]
919 +
920 +
921 +
922 +=== 2.11.2 ​Battery Note ===
923 +
924 +(((
925 +The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
926 +)))
927 +
928 +
929 +
930 +=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
931 +
932 +(((
933 +If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
934 +)))
935 +
936 +(((
937 +You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
938 +)))
939 +
940 +(((
941 +The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
942 +)))
943 +
944 +
945 +
946 += 3. ​Using the AT Commands =
947 +
948 +== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
949 +
950 +
951 +LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
952 +
953 +[[image:1654501986557-872.png||height="391" width="800"]]
954 +
955 +
956 +Or if you have below board, use below connection:
957 +
958 +
959 +[[image:1654502005655-729.png||height="503" width="801"]]
960 +
961 +
962 +
963 +In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
964 +
965 +
966 + [[image:1654502050864-459.png||height="564" width="806"]]
967 +
968 +
969 +Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]]
970 +
971 +
972 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? **(%%) : Help on <CMD>
973 +
974 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> **(%%) : Run <CMD>
975 +
976 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>**(%%) : Set the value
977 +
978 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?**(%%)  : Get the value
979 +
980 +
981 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**General Commands**(%%)      
982 +
983 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT**(%%)  : Attention       
984 +
985 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT?**(%%)  : Short Help     
986 +
987 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**(%%)  : MCU Reset    
988 +
989 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TDC**(%%)  : Application Data Transmission Interval 
990 +
991 +
992 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Keys, IDs and EUIs management**
993 +
994 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPEUI**(%%)              : Application EUI      
995 +
996 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPKEY**(%%)              : Application Key     
997 +
998 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPSKEY**(%%)            : Application Session Key
999 +
1000 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DADDR**(%%)              : Device Address     
1001 +
1002 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DEUI**(%%)                   : Device EUI     
1003 +
1004 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKID**(%%)               : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection) 
1005 +
1006 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKSKEY**(%%)          : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network  
1007 +
1008 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFM**(%%)  : Confirm Mode       
1009 +
1010 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFS**(%%)                     : Confirm Status       
1011 +
1012 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JOIN**(%%)  : Join LoRa? Network       
1013 +
1014 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM**(%%)  : LoRa? Network Join Mode    
1015 +
1016 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJS**(%%)                     : LoRa? Network Join Status    
1017 +
1018 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECV**(%%)                  : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
1019 +
1020 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECVB**(%%)                : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format      
1021 +
1022 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SEND**(%%)                  : Send Text Data      
1023 +
1024 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SENB**(%%)                  : Send Hexadecimal Data
1025 +
1026 +
1027 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Network Management**
1028 +
1029 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ADR**(%%)          : Adaptive Rate
1030 +
1031 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CLASS**(%%)  : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
1032 +
1033 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DCS**(%%)  : Duty Cycle Setting 
1034 +
1035 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DR**(%%)  : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)     
1036 +
1037 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCD**(%%)  : Frame Counter Downlink       
1038 +
1039 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCU**(%%)  : Frame Counter Uplink   
1040 +
1041 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN1DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay1
1042 +
1043 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN2DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay2
1044 +
1045 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PNM**(%%)  : Public Network Mode   
1046 +
1047 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX1DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay1      
1048 +
1049 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay2      
1050 +
1051 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DR**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Data Rate 
1052 +
1053 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2FQ**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Frequency
1054 +
1055 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TXP**(%%)  : Transmit Power
1056 +
1057 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ MOD**(%%)  : Set work mode
1058 +
1059 +
1060 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Information** 
1061 +
1062 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RSSI**(%%)           : RSSI of the Last Received Packet   
1063 +
1064 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SNR**(%%)           : SNR of the Last Received Packet   
1065 +
1066 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+VER**(%%)           : Image Version and Frequency Band       
1067 +
1068 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR**(%%)           : Factory Data Reset
1069 +
1070 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PORT**(%%)  : Application Port    
1071 +
1072 +(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHS**(%%)  : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
1073 +
1074 + (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHE**(%%)  : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
1075 +
1076 +
1077 += ​4. FAQ =
1078 +
1079 +== 4.1 ​How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
1080 +
1081 +(((
1082 +You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
1083 +When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. ​
1084 +)))
1085 +
1086 +(((
1087 +
1088 +)))
1089 +
1090 +(((
1091 +How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
1092 +)))
1093 +
1094 +(((
1095 +
1096 +)))
1097 +
1098 +(((
1099 +You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
1100 +)))
1101 +
1102 +(((
1103 +
1104 +)))
1105 +
1106 +(((
1107 +For example, in **US915** band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
1108 +)))
1109 +
1110 +[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
1111 +
1112 +
1113 +When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
1114 +
1115 +* 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1116 +* 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1117 +* 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1118 +* 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1119 +* 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1120 +* 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1121 +* 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1122 +* 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
1123 +* 904.6 - SF8BW500
1124 +
1125 +(((
1126 +Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
1127 +
1128 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+CHE=2**
1129 +* (% style="color:#037691" %)**ATZ**
1130 +)))
1131 +
1132 +(((
1133 +
1134 +
1135 +to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
1136 +)))
1137 +
1138 +(((
1139 +
1140 +)))
1141 +
1142 +(((
1143 +The **AU915** band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
1144 +)))
1145 +
1146 +[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
1147 +
1148 +
1149 +== 4.2 ​Can I calibrate LSE01 to different soil types? ==
1150 +
1151 +LSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/&file=Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20220605.pdf]].
1152 +
1153 +
1154 += 5. Trouble Shooting =
1155 +
1156 +== 5.1 ​Why I can't join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
1157 +
1158 +It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.19EightChannelMode"]] section above for details.
1159 +
1160 +
1161 +== 5.2 AT Command input doesn't work ==
1162 +
1163 +(((
1164 +In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
1165 +)))
1166 +
1167 +
1168 +== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
1169 +
1170 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Issue describe as below:**
1171 +
1172 +[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
1173 +
1174 +
1175 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Cause for this issue:**
1176 +
1177 +(((
1178 +The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
1179 +)))
1180 +
1181 +
1182 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Solution: **
1183 +
1184 +All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
1185 +
1186 +[[image:1654500929571-736.png||height="458" width="832"]]
1187 +
1188 +
1189 += 6. ​Order Info =
1190 +
1191 +
1192 +Part Number**:** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LSE01-XX-YY**
1193 +
1194 +
1195 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**XX**(%%)**:** The default frequency band
1196 +
1197 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
1198 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
1199 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
1200 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
1201 +* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
1202 +* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
1203 +* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
1204 +* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
1205 +
1206 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**YY**(%%)**: **Battery Option
1207 +
1208 +* (% style="color:red" %)**4**(%%): 4000mAh battery
1209 +* (% style="color:red" %)**8**(%%): 8500mAh battery
1210 +
1211 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
1212 +(((
1213 +
1214 +)))
1215 +
1216 += 7. Packing Info =
1217 +
1218 +(((
1219 +
1220 +
1221 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:
1222 +)))
1223 +
1224 +* (((
1225 +LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
1226 +)))
1227 +
1228 +(((
1229 +
1230 +
1231 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**:
1232 +)))
1233 +
1234 +* (((
1235 +Device Size: cm
1236 +)))
1237 +* (((
1238 +Device Weight: g
1239 +)))
1240 +* (((
1241 +Package Size / pcs : cm
1242 +)))
1243 +* (((
1244 +Weight / pcs : g
1245 +
1246 +
1247 +)))
1248 +
1249 += 8. Support =
1250 +
1251 +* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1252 +* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
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