Skip to Content
Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2024/04/02 16:44
From version 32.5
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/07 11:33
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 65.13
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/08 15:51
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Title
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
1 -LSE01-LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual
1 +NSE01 - NB-IoT Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual
Content
... ... @@ -3,8 +3,16 @@
3 3  
4 4  
5 5  
6 -**Contents:**
7 7  
7 +
8 +
9 +
10 +
11 +
12 +
13 +
14 +**Table of Contents:**
15 +
8 8  {{toc/}}
9 9  
10 10  
... ... @@ -12,61 +12,81 @@
12 12  
13 13  
14 14  
15 -= 1. Introduction =
16 16  
17 -== 1.1 ​What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
24 += 1.  Introduction =
18 18  
26 +== 1.1 ​ What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
27 +
19 19  (((
20 -The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
21 -)))
29 +
22 22  
23 23  (((
24 -It detects (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Moisture**(%%), (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Temperature**(%%) and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Soil Conductivity**(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
32 +Dragino NSE01 is an (% style="color:blue" %)**NB-IOT soil moisture & EC sensor**(%%) for agricultural IoT. Used to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loam. The soil sensor uses the FDR method to calculate soil moisture and compensates it with soil temperature and electrical conductivity. It has also been calibrated for mineral soil types at the factory.
25 25  )))
26 26  
27 27  (((
28 -The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
36 +It can detect (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature and Soil Conductivity**(%%), and upload its value to the server wirelessly.
29 29  )))
30 30  
31 31  (((
32 -LES01 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
40 +The wireless technology used in NSE01 allows the device to send data at a low data rate and reach ultra-long distances, providing ultra-long-distance spread spectrum Communication.
33 33  )))
34 34  
35 35  (((
36 -Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
44 +NSE01 are powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**8500mAh Li-SOCI2**(%%) batteries, which can be used for up to 5 years.  
37 37  )))
38 38  
47 +
48 +)))
39 39  
40 40  [[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
41 41  
42 42  
43 -[[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
53 +[[image:1657245163077-232.png]]
44 44  
45 45  
46 46  
47 -== 1.2 ​Features ==
57 +== 1.2 ​ Features ==
48 48  
49 -* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
50 -* Ultra low power consumption
59 +* NB-IoT Bands: B1/B3/B8/B5/B20/B28 @H-FDD
51 51  * Monitor Soil Moisture
52 52  * Monitor Soil Temperature
53 53  * Monitor Soil Conductivity
54 -* Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
55 55  * AT Commands to change parameters
56 56  * Uplink on periodically
57 57  * Downlink to change configure
58 58  * IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
59 -* 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
67 +* Ultra-Low Power consumption
68 +* AT Commands to change parameters
69 +* Micro SIM card slot for NB-IoT SIM
70 +* 8500mAh Battery for long term use
60 60  
61 -== 1.3 Specification ==
72 +== 1.3  Specification ==
62 62  
74 +
75 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**
76 +
77 +* Supply Voltage: 2.1v ~~ 3.6v
78 +* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C
79 +
80 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**NB-IoT Spec:**
81 +
82 +* - B1 @H-FDD: 2100MHz
83 +* - B3 @H-FDD: 1800MHz
84 +* - B8 @H-FDD: 900MHz
85 +* - B5 @H-FDD: 850MHz
86 +* - B20 @H-FDD: 800MHz
87 +* - B28 @H-FDD: 700MHz
88 +
89 +Probe(% style="color:#037691" %)** Specification:**
90 +
63 63  Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
64 64  
65 -[[image:image-20220606162220-5.png]]
93 +[[image:image-20220708101224-1.png]]
66 66  
67 67  
68 68  
69 -== ​1.4 Applications ==
97 +== ​1.4  Applications ==
70 70  
71 71  * Smart Agriculture
72 72  
... ... @@ -73,952 +73,760 @@
73 73  (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H200B1.5FirmwareChangelog" %)
74 74  ​
75 75  
76 -== 1.5 Firmware Change log ==
104 +== 1.5  Pin Definitions ==
77 77  
78 78  
79 -**LSE01 v1.0 :**  Release
107 +[[image:1657246476176-652.png]]
80 80  
81 81  
82 82  
83 -= 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
111 += 2.  Use NSE01 to communicate with IoT Server =
84 84  
85 -== 2.1 How it works ==
113 +== 2.1  How it works ==
86 86  
115 +
87 87  (((
88 -The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
117 +The NSE01 is equipped with a NB-IoT module, the pre-loaded firmware in NSE01 will get environment data from sensors and send the value to local NB-IoT network via the NB-IoT module.  The NB-IoT network will forward this value to IoT server via the protocol defined by NSE01.
89 89  )))
90 90  
120 +
91 91  (((
92 -In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
122 +The diagram below shows the working flow in default firmware of NSE01:
93 93  )))
94 94  
125 +[[image:image-20220708101605-2.png]]
95 95  
127 +(((
128 +
129 +)))
96 96  
97 -== 2.2 ​Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
98 98  
99 -Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
100 100  
133 +== 2.2 ​ Configure the NSE01 ==
101 101  
102 -[[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
103 103  
136 +=== 2.2.1 Test Requirement ===
104 104  
105 -The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
106 106  
139 +(((
140 +To use NSE01 in your city, make sure meet below requirements:
141 +)))
107 107  
108 -**Step 1**: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
143 +* Your local operator has already distributed a NB-IoT Network there.
144 +* The local NB-IoT network used the band that NSE01 supports.
145 +* Your operator is able to distribute the data received in their NB-IoT network to your IoT server.
109 109  
110 -Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
147 +(((
148 +Below figure shows our testing structure. Here we have NB-IoT network coverage by China Mobile, the band they use is B8.  The NSE01 will use CoAP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5683)(%%) or raw UDP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5601)(%%) or MQTT((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:1883)(%%)or TCP((% style="color:red" %)120.24.4.116:5600)(%%)protocol to send data to the test server
149 +)))
111 111  
112 -[[image:image-20220606163732-6.jpeg]]
113 113  
114 -You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
152 +[[image:1657249419225-449.png]]
115 115  
116 -**Add APP EUI in the application**
117 117  
118 118  
119 -[[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
156 +=== 2.2.2 Insert SIM card ===
120 120  
158 +(((
159 +Insert the NB-IoT Card get from your provider.
160 +)))
121 121  
122 -
123 -**Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**
124 -
125 -[[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
126 -
127 -
128 -
129 -**Step 2**: Power on LSE01
130 -
131 -
132 -Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
133 -
134 -[[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
135 -
136 -
137 -**Step 3:** The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
138 -
139 -[[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
140 -
141 -
142 -
143 -== 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
144 -
145 -=== 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode) ===
146 -
147 -LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 
148 -
149 -
150 -Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
151 -
152 -
153 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
154 -|(((
155 -**Size**
156 -
157 -**(bytes)**
158 -)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1**
159 -|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
160 -Temperature
161 -
162 -(Reserve, Ignore now)
163 -)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(((
164 -MOD & Digital Interrupt
165 -
166 -(Optional)
162 +(((
163 +User need to take out the NB-IoT module and insert the SIM card like below:
167 167  )))
168 168  
169 169  
167 +[[image:1657249468462-536.png]]
170 170  
171 -=== 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
172 172  
173 -This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
174 174  
175 -(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; width:500px" %)
176 -|(((
177 -**Size**
171 +=== 2.2.3 Connect USB – TTL to NSE01 to configure it ===
178 178  
179 -**(bytes)**
180 -)))|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**2**|**1**
181 -|**Value**|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
182 -Temperature
183 -
184 -(Reserve, Ignore now)
185 -)))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|(((
186 -MOD & Digital Interrupt
187 -
188 -(Optional)
173 +(((
174 +(((
175 +User need to configure NSE01 via serial port to set the (% style="color:blue" %)**Server Address** / **Uplink Topic** (%%)to define where and how-to uplink packets. NSE01 support AT Commands, user can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to NSE01 and use AT Commands to configure it, as below.
189 189  )))
177 +)))
190 190  
191 191  
180 +**Connection:**
192 192  
193 -=== 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
182 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL GND <~-~-~-~-> GND
194 194  
195 -Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
184 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL TXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_RXD
196 196  
197 -Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
186 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)USB TTL RXD <~-~-~-~-> UART_TXD
198 198  
199 -Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
200 200  
189 +In the PC, use below serial tool settings:
201 201  
191 +* Baud:  (% style="color:green" %)**9600**
192 +* Data bits:** (% style="color:green" %)8(%%)**
193 +* Stop bits: (% style="color:green" %)**1**
194 +* Parity:  (% style="color:green" %)**None**
195 +* Flow Control: (% style="color:green" %)**None**
202 202  
203 -=== 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
204 -
205 -Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
206 -
207 -For example, if the data you get from the register is __0x05 0xDC__, the moisture content in the soil is
208 -
209 -
210 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
211 -
212 -
213 -
214 -=== 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
215 -
216 - Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
217 -
218 -**Example**:
219 -
220 -If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
221 -
222 -If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
223 -
224 -
225 -
226 -=== 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
227 -
228 228  (((
229 -Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble salt concentration__**(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__**(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__planting medium__**(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
198 +Make sure the switch is in FLASH position, then power on device by connecting the jumper on NSE01. NSE01 will output system info once power on as below, we can enter the (% style="color:green" %)**password: 12345678**(%%) to access AT Command input.
230 230  )))
231 231  
232 -(((
233 -For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
234 -)))
201 +[[image:image-20220708110657-3.png]]
235 235  
236 236  (((
237 -Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
204 +(% style="color:red" %)Note: the valid AT Commands can be found at: (%%)[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN50/]]
238 238  )))
239 239  
240 -(((
241 -
242 -)))
243 243  
244 -(((
245 -
246 -)))
247 247  
248 -=== 2.3.7 MOD ===
209 +=== 2.2.4 Use CoAP protocol to uplink data ===
249 249  
250 -Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
211 +(% style="color:red" %)Note: if you don't have CoAP server, you can refer this link to set up one: (%%)[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Set%20up%20CoAP%20Server/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Set%20up%20CoAP%20Server/]]
251 251  
252 -For example, bytes[10]=90
253 253  
254 -mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
214 +**Use below commands:**
255 255  
216 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=1**  (%%) ~/~/ Set to use CoAP protocol to uplink
217 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5683   ** (%%)~/~/ to set CoAP server address and port
218 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+URI=5,11,"mqtt",11,"coap",12,"0",15,"c=text1",23,"0" ** (%%) ~/~/Set COAP resource path
256 256  
257 -**Downlink Command:**
220 +For parameter description, please refer to AT command set
258 258  
259 -If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
222 +[[image:1657249793983-486.png]]
260 260  
261 -If** **payload =** **0x0A01, workmode=1
262 262  
225 +After configure the server address and (% style="color:green" %)**reset the device**(%%) (via AT+ATZ ), NSE01 will start to uplink sensor values to CoAP server.
263 263  
227 +[[image:1657249831934-534.png]]
264 264  
265 -=== 2.3.8 ​Decode payload in The Things Network ===
266 266  
267 -While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
268 268  
231 +=== 2.2.5 Use UDP protocol to uplink data(Default protocol) ===
269 269  
270 -[[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
233 +This feature is supported since firmware version v1.0.1
271 271  
272 -The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
273 273  
274 -LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decoder/]]
236 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=2   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use UDP protocol to uplink
237 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5601   ** (%%) ~/~/ to set UDP server address and port
238 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CFM=1       ** (%%) ~/~/If the server does not respond, this command is unnecessary
275 275  
240 +[[image:1657249864775-321.png]]
276 276  
277 277  
278 -== 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
243 +[[image:1657249930215-289.png]]
279 279  
280 -The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
281 281  
282 282  
247 +=== 2.2.6 Use MQTT protocol to uplink data ===
283 283  
284 -== 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
249 +This feature is supported since firmware version v110
285 285  
286 -By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
287 287  
288 -[[image:image-20220606165544-8.png]]
252 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=3   ** (%%) ~/~/Set to use MQTT protocol to uplink
253 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,1883   ** (%%) ~/~/Set MQTT server address and port
254 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CLIENT=CLIENT       ** (%%)~/~/Set up the CLIENT of MQTT
255 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+UNAME=UNAME                               **(%%)~/~/Set the username of MQTT
256 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PWD=PWD                                        **(%%)~/~/Set the password of MQTT
257 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PUBTOPIC=NSE01_PUB                    **(%%)~/~/Set the sending topic of MQTT
258 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SUBTOPIC=NSE01_SUB          **(%%) ~/~/Set the subscription topic of MQTT
289 289  
260 +[[image:1657249978444-674.png]]
290 290  
291 -**Examples:**
292 292  
263 +[[image:1657249990869-686.png]]
293 293  
294 -* **Set TDC**
295 295  
296 -If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
266 +(((
267 +MQTT protocol has a much higher power consumption compare vs UDP / CoAP protocol. Please check the power analyze document and adjust the uplink period to a suitable interval.
268 +)))
297 297  
298 -Payload:    01 00 00 1E    TDC=30S
299 299  
300 -Payload:    01 00 00 3C    TDC=60S
301 301  
272 +=== 2.2.7 Use TCP protocol to uplink data ===
302 302  
303 -* **Reset**
274 +This feature is supported since firmware version v110
304 304  
305 -If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
306 306  
277 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+PRO=4   ** (%%) ~/~/ Set to use TCP protocol to uplink
278 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SERVADDR=120.24.4.116,5600   **(%%) ~/~/ to set TCP server address and port
307 307  
308 -* **CFM**
280 +[[image:1657250217799-140.png]]
309 309  
310 -Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
311 311  
283 +[[image:1657250255956-604.png]]
312 312  
313 313  
314 -== 2.6 ​Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
315 315  
316 -[[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
287 +=== 2.2.8 Change Update Interval ===
317 317  
289 +User can use below command to change the (% style="color:green" %)**uplink interval**.
318 318  
319 -**Step 1**: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
291 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+TDC=600      ** (%%)~/~/ Set Update Interval to 600s
320 320  
321 -**Step 2**: To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
293 +(((
294 +(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**
295 +)))
322 322  
297 +(((
298 +(% style="color:red" %)1. By default, the device will send an uplink message every 1 hour.
299 +)))
323 323  
324 -[[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
325 325  
326 326  
327 -[[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
303 +== 2.3  Uplink Payload ==
328 328  
329 -Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake.
305 +In this mode, uplink payload includes in total 18 bytes
330 330  
331 -Step 4: Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
307 +(% border="1" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#ffffcc; color:green; width:510px" %)
308 +|=(% style="width: 60px;" %)(((
309 +**Size(bytes)**
310 +)))|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**6**|=(% style="width: 25px;" %)2|=(% style="width: 25px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 70px;" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 60px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 80px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 90px;" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;" %)**1**
311 +|(% style="width:97px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:83px" %)[[Device ID>>||anchor="H2.4.1A0A0DeviceID"]]|(% style="width:41px" %)[[Ver>>||anchor="H2.4.2A0VersionInfo"]]|(% style="width:46px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.4.3A0BatteryInfo"]]|(% style="width:123px" %)[[Signal Strength>>||anchor="H2.4.4A0SignalStrength"]]|(% style="width:108px" %)[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.4.5A0SoilMoisture"]]|(% style="width:133px" %)[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.4.6A0SoilTemperature"]]|(% style="width:159px" %)[[Soil Conductivity(EC)>>||anchor="H2.4.7A0SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(% style="width:80px" %)[[Interrupt>>||anchor="H2.4.8A0DigitalInterrupt"]]
332 332  
313 +(((
314 +If we use the MQTT client to subscribe to this MQTT topic, we can see the following information when the NSE01 uplink data.
315 +)))
333 333  
334 -[[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
335 335  
318 +[[image:image-20220708111918-4.png]]
336 336  
337 -After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
338 338  
339 -[[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
321 +The payload is ASCII string, representative same HEX:
340 340  
323 +0x72403155615900640c7817075e0a8c02f900 where:
341 341  
325 +* Device ID: 0x 724031556159 = 724031556159
326 +* Version: 0x0064=100=1.0.0
342 342  
343 -== 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
328 +* BAT: 0x0c78 = 3192 mV = 3.192V
329 +* Singal: 0x17 = 23
330 +* Soil Moisture: 0x075e= 1886 = 18.86  %
331 +* Soil Temperature:0x0a8c =2700=27 °C
332 +* Soil Conductivity(EC) = 0x02f9 =761 uS /cm
333 +* Interrupt: 0x00 = 0
344 344  
345 -The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
346 346  
347 347  
348 -=== 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
349 349  
350 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
338 +== 2.4  Payload Explanation and Sensor Interface ==
351 351  
352 -868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
353 353  
354 -868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
341 +=== 2.4.1  Device ID ===
355 355  
356 -868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
343 +(((
344 +By default, the Device ID equal to the last 6 bytes of IMEI.
345 +)))
357 357  
358 -867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
347 +(((
348 +User can use (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+DEUI**(%%) to set Device ID
349 +)))
359 359  
360 -867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
351 +(((
352 +**Example:**
353 +)))
361 361  
362 -867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
355 +(((
356 +AT+DEUI=A84041F15612
357 +)))
363 363  
364 -867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
359 +(((
360 +The Device ID is stored in a none-erase area, Upgrade the firmware or run AT+FDR won't erase Device ID.
361 +)))
365 365  
366 -867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
367 367  
368 -868.8 - FSK
369 369  
365 +=== 2.4.2  Version Info ===
370 370  
371 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
367 +(((
368 +Specify the software version: 0x64=100, means firmware version 1.00.
369 +)))
372 372  
373 -Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
371 +(((
372 +For example: 0x00 64 : this device is NSE01 with firmware version 1.0.0.
373 +)))
374 374  
375 -869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
376 376  
377 377  
377 +=== 2.4.3  Battery Info ===
378 378  
379 -=== 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
379 +(((
380 +Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
381 +)))
380 380  
381 -Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
383 +(((
384 +Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
385 +)))
382 382  
383 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
387 +(((
388 +Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
389 +)))
384 384  
385 -903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
386 386  
387 -904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
388 388  
389 -904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
393 +=== 2.4.4  Signal Strength ===
390 390  
391 -904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
395 +(((
396 +NB-IoT Network signal Strength.
397 +)))
392 392  
393 -904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
399 +(((
400 +**Ex1: 0x1d = 29**
401 +)))
394 394  
395 -904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
403 +(((
404 +(% style="color:blue" %)**0**(%%)  -113dBm or less
405 +)))
396 396  
397 -905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
407 +(((
408 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1**(%%)  -111dBm
409 +)))
398 398  
399 -905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
411 +(((
412 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2...30**(%%) -109dBm... -53dBm
413 +)))
400 400  
415 +(((
416 +(% style="color:blue" %)**31**  (%%) -51dBm or greater
417 +)))
401 401  
402 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
419 +(((
420 +(% style="color:blue" %)**99**   (%%) Not known or not detectable
421 +)))
403 403  
404 -923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
405 405  
406 -923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
407 407  
408 -924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
425 +=== 2.4.5  Soil Moisture ===
409 409  
410 -925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
427 +(((
428 +(((
429 +Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
430 +)))
431 +)))
411 411  
412 -925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
433 +(((
434 +(((
435 +For example, if the data you get from the register is **__0x05 0xDC__**, the moisture content in the soil is
436 +)))
437 +)))
413 413  
414 -926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
439 +(((
440 +
441 +)))
415 415  
416 -926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
443 +(((
444 +(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
445 +)))
417 417  
418 -927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
419 419  
420 -923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
421 421  
449 +=== 2.4.6  Soil Temperature ===
422 422  
451 +(((
452 + Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is __**0x09 0xEC**__, the temperature content in the soil is
453 +)))
423 423  
424 -=== 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
455 +(((
456 +**Example**:
457 +)))
425 425  
426 -Used in China, Default use CHE=1
459 +(((
460 +If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
461 +)))
427 427  
428 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
463 +(((
464 +If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
465 +)))
429 429  
430 -486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
431 431  
432 -486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
433 433  
434 -486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
469 +=== 2.4.7  Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
435 435  
436 -486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
471 +(((
472 +Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble salt concentration__**(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__**(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__planting medium__**(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
473 +)))
437 437  
438 -487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
475 +(((
476 +For example, if the data you get from the register is __**0x00 0xC8**__, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
477 +)))
439 439  
440 -487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
479 +(((
480 +Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
481 +)))
441 441  
442 -487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
483 +(((
484 +
485 +)))
443 443  
444 -487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487 +(((
488 +
489 +)))
445 445  
491 +=== 2.4.8  Digital Interrupt ===
446 446  
447 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
493 +Digital Interrupt refers to pin (% style="color:blue" %)**GPIO_EXTI**(%%), and there are different trigger methods. When there is a trigger, the NSE01 will send a packet to the server.
448 448  
449 -506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
495 +The command is:
450 450  
451 -506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
497 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+INTMOD=3 **(%%) ~/~/(more info about INMOD please refer [[**AT Command Manual**>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/NB-IoT/NBSN95/DRAGINO_NBSN95-NB_AT%20Commands_v1.1.0.pdf]])**.**
452 452  
453 -507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
454 454  
455 -507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
500 +The lower four bits of this data field shows if this packet is generated by interrupt or not. Click here for the hardware and software set up.
456 456  
457 -507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
458 458  
459 -507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
503 +Example:
460 460  
461 -507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
505 +0x(00): Normal uplink packet.
462 462  
463 -508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507 +0x(01): Interrupt Uplink Packet.
464 464  
465 -505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
466 466  
467 467  
511 +=== 2.4.9  ​+5V Output ===
468 468  
469 -=== 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
513 +NSE01 will enable +5V output before all sampling and disable the +5v after all sampling. 
470 470  
471 -Default use CHE=2
472 472  
473 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
516 +The 5V output time can be controlled by AT Command.
474 474  
475 -916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
518 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+5VT=1000**
476 476  
477 -917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
520 +Means set 5V valid time to have 1000ms. So the real 5V output will actually have 1000ms + sampling time for other sensors.
478 478  
479 -917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
480 480  
481 -917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
482 482  
483 -917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
524 +== 2.5  Downlink Payload ==
484 484  
485 -917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
526 +By default, NSE01 prints the downlink payload to console port.
486 486  
487 -918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
528 +[[image:image-20220708133731-5.png]]
488 488  
489 -918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
490 490  
531 +(((
532 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:**
533 +)))
491 491  
492 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
535 +(((
536 +
537 +)))
493 493  
494 -923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
539 +* (((
540 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Set TDC**
541 +)))
495 495  
496 -923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
543 +(((
544 +If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
545 +)))
497 497  
498 -924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
547 +(((
548 +Payload:    01 00 00 1E    TDC=30S
549 +)))
499 499  
500 -925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
551 +(((
552 +Payload:    01 00 00 3C    TDC=60S
553 +)))
501 501  
502 -925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
555 +(((
556 +
557 +)))
503 503  
504 -926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
559 +* (((
560 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Reset**
561 +)))
505 505  
506 -926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
563 +(((
564 +If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the NSE01
565 +)))
507 507  
508 -927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
509 509  
510 -923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
568 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**INTMOD**
511 511  
570 +Downlink Payload: 06000003, Set AT+INTMOD=3
512 512  
513 513  
514 -=== 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
515 515  
516 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Default Uplink channel:**
574 +== 2.6  ​LED Indicator ==
517 517  
518 -923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
576 +(((
577 +The NSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
519 519  
520 -923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
521 521  
580 +* When power on, NSE01 will detect if sensor probe is connected, if probe detected, LED will blink four times. (no blinks in this step is no probe)
581 +* Then the LED will be on for 1 second means device is boot normally.
582 +* After NSE01 join NB-IoT network. The LED will be ON for 3 seconds.
583 +* For each uplink probe, LED will be on for 500ms.
584 +)))
522 522  
523 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Additional Uplink Channel**:
524 524  
525 -(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
526 526  
527 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore**:
528 528  
529 -922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
589 +== 2.7  Installation in Soil ==
530 530  
531 -922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
591 +__**Measurement the soil surface**__
532 532  
533 -922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
593 +Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting. [[https:~~/~~/img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/2005165265/O1CN010rj9Oh1olPsQxrdUK_!!2005165265.jpg>>url:https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/2005165265/O1CN010rj9Oh1olPsQxrdUK_!!2005165265.jpg]]
534 534  
535 -922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
595 +[[image:1657259653666-883.png]] ​
536 536  
537 -923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
538 538  
539 -922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
598 +(((
599 +
540 540  
601 +(((
602 +Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
603 +)))
541 541  
542 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam**:
605 +(((
606 +Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
607 +)))
608 +)))
543 543  
544 -923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
610 +[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
545 545  
546 -923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
612 +(((
613 +
614 +)))
547 547  
548 -924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
549 549  
550 -924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
617 +== 2.8  ​Firmware Change Log ==
551 551  
552 -924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
553 553  
554 -924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
620 +Download URL & Firmware Change log
555 555  
622 +[[www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN50/Firmware/]]
556 556  
557 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
558 558  
559 -Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
625 +Upgrade Instruction: [[Upgrade_Firmware>>||anchor="H5.1200BHowtoUpgradeFirmware"]]
560 560  
561 -923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
562 562  
563 563  
629 +== 2.9  ​Battery Analysis ==
564 564  
565 -=== 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
631 +=== 2.9.1  ​Battery Type ===
566 566  
567 -Default channel:
568 568  
569 -922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
634 +The NSE01 battery is a combination of an 8500mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is none-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
570 570  
571 -922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
572 572  
573 -922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
637 +The battery is designed to last for several years depends on the actually use environment and update interval. 
574 574  
575 575  
576 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)**
640 +The battery related documents as below:
577 577  
578 -922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
642 +* [[Battery Dimension>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]
643 +* [[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery datasheet>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]
644 +* [[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/ER26500/]]
579 579  
580 -922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
581 -
582 -922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
583 -
584 -922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
585 -
586 -922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
587 -
588 -923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
589 -
590 -923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
591 -
592 -
593 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
594 -
595 -Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
596 -
597 -921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
598 -
599 -
600 -
601 -=== 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
602 -
603 -(% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
604 -
605 -865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
606 -
607 -865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
608 -
609 -865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
610 -
611 -
612 -(% style="color:#037691" %) **Downlink:**
613 -
614 -Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
615 -
616 -866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
617 -
618 -
619 -
620 -
621 -== 2.8 LED Indicator ==
622 -
623 -The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
624 -
625 -* Blink once when device power on.
626 -* Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
627 -* Blink once when device transmit a packet.
628 -
629 -== 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
630 -
631 -**Measurement the soil surface**
632 -
633 -
634 -[[image:1654506634463-199.png]] ​
635 -
636 636  (((
637 -(((
638 -Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
647 +[[image:image-20220708140453-6.png]]
639 639  )))
640 -)))
641 641  
642 642  
643 -[[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
644 644  
645 -(((
646 -Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
647 -)))
652 +=== 2.9.2  Power consumption Analyze ===
648 648  
649 649  (((
650 -Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
655 +Dragino battery powered product are all runs in Low Power mode. We have an update battery calculator which base on the measurement of the real device. User can use this calculator to check the battery life and calculate the battery life if want to use different transmit interval.
651 651  )))
652 652  
653 653  
654 -== 2.10 ​Firmware Change Log ==
655 -
656 656  (((
657 -**Firmware download link:**
660 +Instruction to use as below:
658 658  )))
659 659  
660 660  (((
661 -[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Firmware/]]
664 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1:  **(%%)Downlink the up-to-date DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Prediction_Table.xlsx from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/]]
662 662  )))
663 663  
664 -(((
665 -
666 -)))
667 667  
668 668  (((
669 -**Firmware Upgrade Method: **[[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
669 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: **(%%) Open it and choose
670 670  )))
671 671  
672 -(((
673 -
672 +* (((
673 +Product Model
674 674  )))
675 -
676 -(((
677 -**V1.0.**
675 +* (((
676 +Uplink Interval
678 678  )))
678 +* (((
679 +Working Mode
680 +)))
679 679  
680 680  (((
681 -Release
683 +And the Life expectation in difference case will be shown on the right.
682 682  )))
683 683  
686 +[[image:image-20220708141352-7.jpeg]]
684 684  
685 -== 2.11 ​Battery Analysis ==
686 686  
687 -=== 2.11.1 ​Battery Type ===
688 688  
689 -(((
690 -The LSE01 battery is a combination of a 4000mAh Li/SOCI2 Battery and a Super Capacitor. The battery is non-rechargeable battery type with a low discharge rate (<2% per year). This type of battery is commonly used in IoT devices such as water meter.
691 -)))
690 +=== 2.9.3  ​Battery Note ===
692 692  
693 693  (((
694 -The battery is designed to last for more than 5 years for the LSN50.
693 +The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
695 695  )))
696 696  
697 -(((
698 -(((
699 -The battery-related documents are as below:
700 -)))
701 -)))
702 702  
703 -* (((
704 -[[Battery Dimension>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/Battery/&file=LSN50-Battery-Dimension.pdf]],
705 -)))
706 -* (((
707 -[[Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery  datasheet>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/ER26500/ER26500_Datasheet-EN.pdf]],
708 -)))
709 -* (((
710 -[[Lithium-ion Battery-Capacitor datasheet>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC_1520_datasheet.jpg]], [[Tech Spec>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/datasheet/Battery/SPC1520%20Technical%20Specification20171123.pdf]]
711 -)))
712 712  
713 - [[image:image-20220606171726-9.png]]
698 +=== 2.9.4  Replace the battery ===
714 714  
715 -
716 -
717 -=== 2.11.2 ​Battery Note ===
718 -
719 719  (((
720 -The Li-SICO battery is designed for small current / long period application. It is not good to use a high current, short period transmit method. The recommended minimum period for use of this battery is 5 minutes. If you use a shorter period time to transmit LoRa, then the battery life may be decreased.
701 +The default battery pack of NSE01 includes a ER26500 plus super capacitor. If user can't find this pack locally, they can find ER26500 or equivalence without the SPC1520 capacitor, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes).
721 721  )))
722 722  
723 723  
724 724  
725 -=== 2.11.3 Replace the battery ===
706 += 3. ​ Access NB-IoT Module =
726 726  
727 727  (((
728 -If Battery is lower than 2.7v, user should replace the battery of LSE01.
709 +Users can directly access the AT command set of the NB-IoT module.
729 729  )))
730 730  
731 731  (((
732 -You can change the battery in the LSE01.The type of battery is not limited as long as the output is between 3v to 3.6v. On the main board, there is a diode (D1) between the battery and the main circuit. If you need to use a battery with less than 3.3v, please remove the D1 and shortcut the two pads of it so there won’t be voltage drop between battery and main board.
713 +The AT Command set can refer the BC35-G NB-IoT Module AT Command: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/other_vendors/BC35-G/>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=datasheet/other_vendors/BC35-G/]] 
733 733  )))
734 734  
735 -(((
736 -The default battery pack of LSE01 includes a ER18505 plus super capacitor. If user can’t find this pack locally, they can find ER18505 or equivalence, which will also work in most case. The SPC can enlarge the battery life for high frequency use (update period below 5 minutes)
737 -)))
716 +[[image:1657261278785-153.png]]
738 738  
739 739  
740 740  
741 -= 3. ​Using the AT Commands =
720 += 4.  Using the AT Commands =
742 742  
743 -== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
722 +== 4.1  Access AT Commands ==
744 744  
724 +See this link for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=NB-IoT/NBSN50/]]
745 745  
746 -LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
747 747  
748 -[[image:1654501986557-872.png||height="391" width="800"]]
727 +AT+<CMD>?  : Help on <CMD>
749 749  
729 +AT+<CMD>         : Run <CMD>
750 750  
751 -Or if you have below board, use below connection:
731 +AT+<CMD>=<value> : Set the value
752 752  
733 +AT+<CMD>=?  : Get the value
753 753  
754 -[[image:1654502005655-729.png||height="503" width="801"]]
755 755  
756 -
757 -
758 -In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
759 -
760 -
761 - [[image:1654502050864-459.png||height="564" width="806"]]
762 -
763 -
764 -Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/]]
765 -
766 -
767 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>? **(%%) : Help on <CMD>
768 -
769 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD> **(%%) : Run <CMD>
770 -
771 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=<value>**(%%) : Set the value
772 -
773 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?AT+<CMD>=?**(%%)  : Get the value
774 -
775 -
776 776  (% style="color:#037691" %)**General Commands**(%%)      
777 777  
778 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT**(%%)  : Attention       
738 +AT  : Attention       
779 779  
780 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT?**(%%)  : Short Help     
740 +AT?  : Short Help     
781 781  
782 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**(%%)  : MCU Reset    
742 +ATZ  : MCU Reset    
783 783  
784 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TDC**(%%)  : Application Data Transmission Interval 
744 +AT+TDC  : Application Data Transmission Interval
785 785  
746 +AT+CFG  : Print all configurations
786 786  
787 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Keys, IDs and EUIs management**
748 +AT+CFGMOD           : Working mode selection
788 788  
789 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPEUI**(%%)              : Application EUI      
750 +AT+INTMOD            : Set the trigger interrupt mode
790 790  
791 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPKEY**(%%)              : Application Key     
752 +AT+5VT  : Set extend the time of 5V power  
792 792  
793 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPSKEY**(%%)            : Application Session Key
754 +AT+PRO  : Choose agreement
794 794  
795 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DADDR**(%%)              : Device Address     
756 +AT+WEIGRE  : Get weight or set weight to 0
796 796  
797 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DEUI**(%%)                   : Device EUI     
758 +AT+WEIGAP  : Get or Set the GapValue of weight
798 798  
799 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKID**(%%)               : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection) 
760 +AT+RXDL  : Extend the sending and receiving time
800 800  
801 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKSKEY**(%%)          : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network  
762 +AT+CNTFAC  : Get or set counting parameters
802 802  
803 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFM**(%%)  : Confirm Mode       
764 +AT+SERVADDR  : Server Address
804 804  
805 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFS**(%%)                     : Confirm Status       
806 806  
807 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JOIN**(%%)  : Join LoRa? Network       
767 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**COAP Management**      
808 808  
809 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM**(%%)  : LoRa? Network Join Mode    
769 +AT+URI            : Resource parameters
810 810  
811 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJS**(%%)                     : LoRa? Network Join Status    
812 812  
813 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECV**(%%)                  : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
772 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**UDP Management**
814 814  
815 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECVB**(%%)                : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format      
774 +AT+CFM          : Upload confirmation mode (only valid for UDP)
816 816  
817 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SEND**(%%)                  : Send Text Data      
818 818  
819 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SENB**(%%)                  : Send Hexadecimal Data
777 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**MQTT Management**
820 820  
779 +AT+CLIENT               : Get or Set MQTT client
821 821  
822 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Network Management**
781 +AT+UNAME  : Get or Set MQTT Username
823 823  
824 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ADR**(%%)          : Adaptive Rate
783 +AT+PWD                  : Get or Set MQTT password
825 825  
826 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CLASS**(%%)  : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
785 +AT+PUBTOPIC  : Get or Set MQTT publish topic
827 827  
828 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DCS**(%%)  : Duty Cycle Setting 
787 +AT+SUBTOPIC  : Get or Set MQTT subscription topic
829 829  
830 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DR**(%%)  : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)     
831 831  
832 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCD**(%%)  : Frame Counter Downlink       
790 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Information**          
833 833  
834 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCU**(%%)  : Frame Counter Uplink   
792 +AT+FDR  : Factory Data Reset
835 835  
836 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN1DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay1
794 +AT+PWORD  : Serial Access Password
837 837  
838 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN2DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay2
839 839  
840 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PNM**(%%)  : Public Network Mode   
841 841  
842 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX1DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay1      
798 += ​5.  FAQ =
843 843  
844 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay2      
800 +== 5.1 ​ How to Upgrade Firmware ==
845 845  
846 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DR**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Data Rate 
847 847  
848 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2FQ**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Frequency
849 -
850 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TXP**(%%)  : Transmit Power
851 -
852 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ MOD**(%%)  : Set work mode
853 -
854 -
855 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Information** 
856 -
857 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RSSI**(%%)           : RSSI of the Last Received Packet   
858 -
859 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SNR**(%%)           : SNR of the Last Received Packet   
860 -
861 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+VER**(%%)           : Image Version and Frequency Band       
862 -
863 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR**(%%)           : Factory Data Reset
864 -
865 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PORT**(%%)  : Application Port    
866 -
867 -(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHS**(%%)  : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
868 -
869 - (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHE**(%%)  : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
870 -
871 -
872 -= ​4. FAQ =
873 -
874 -== 4.1 ​How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
875 -
876 876  (((
877 -You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
878 -When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. ​
804 +User can upgrade the firmware for 1) bug fix, 2) new feature release.
879 879  )))
880 880  
881 881  (((
882 -
808 +Please see this link for how to upgrade:  [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H2.HardwareUpgradeMethodSupportList>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H2.HardwareUpgradeMethodSupportList]]
883 883  )))
884 884  
885 885  (((
886 -How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
812 +(% style="color:red" %)Notice, NSE01 and LSE01 share the same mother board. They use the same connection and method to update.
887 887  )))
888 888  
889 -(((
890 -
891 -)))
892 892  
893 -(((
894 -You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
895 -)))
896 896  
897 -(((
898 -
899 -)))
817 += 6.  Trouble Shooting =
900 900  
901 -(((
902 -For example, in **US915** band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
903 -)))
819 +== 6.1  ​Connection problem when uploading firmware ==
904 904  
905 -[[image:image-20220606154726-3.png]]
906 906  
907 -
908 -When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
909 -
910 -* 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
911 -* 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
912 -* 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
913 -* 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
914 -* 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
915 -* 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
916 -* 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
917 -* 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
918 -* 904.6 - SF8BW500
919 -
822 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
920 920  (((
921 -Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
824 +(% style="font-size:14px" %)**Please see: **(%%)[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H3.3Troubleshooting>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H3.3Troubleshooting||style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px;"]]
922 922  )))
923 923  
924 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
925 -(((
926 -**AT+CHE=2**
927 -)))
928 928  
929 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
930 -(((
931 -**ATZ**
932 -)))
933 933  
934 -(((
935 -to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
936 -)))
829 +== 6.2  AT Command input doesn't work ==
937 937  
938 938  (((
939 -
832 +In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
940 940  )))
941 941  
942 -(((
943 -The **AU915** band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
944 -)))
945 945  
946 -[[image:image-20220606154825-4.png]]
947 947  
837 += 7. ​ Order Info =
948 948  
949 949  
950 -= 5. Trouble Shooting =
840 +Part Number**:** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**NSE01**
951 951  
952 -== 5.1 ​Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
953 953  
954 -It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.LoRaWAN Communication Debug.WebHome||anchor="H2.NoticeofUS9152FCN4702FAU915Frequencyband"]] section above for details.
955 -
956 -
957 -== 5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work ==
958 -
959 -(((
960 -In the case if user can see the console output but can’t type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn’t send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
961 -)))
962 -
963 -
964 -== 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
965 -
966 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Issue describe as below:**
967 -
968 -[[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
969 -
970 -
971 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Cause for this issue:**
972 -
973 -(((
974 -The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
975 -)))
976 -
977 -
978 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Solution: **
979 -
980 -All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
981 -
982 -[[image:1654500929571-736.png||height="458" width="832"]]
983 -
984 -
985 -= 6. ​Order Info =
986 -
987 -
988 -Part Number**:** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LSE01-XX-YY**
989 -
990 -
991 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**XX**(%%)**:** The default frequency band
992 -
993 -* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
994 -* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
995 -* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
996 -* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
997 -* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
998 -* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
999 -* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
1000 -* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
1001 -
1002 -(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**YY**(%%)**: **Battery Option
1003 -
1004 -* (% style="color:red" %)**4**(%%): 4000mAh battery
1005 -* (% style="color:red" %)**8**(%%): 8500mAh battery
1006 -
1007 1007  (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
1008 1008  (((
1009 1009  
1010 1010  )))
1011 1011  
1012 -= 7. Packing Info =
848 += 8.  Packing Info =
1013 1013  
1014 1014  (((
1015 1015  
1016 1016  
1017 1017  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:
1018 -)))
1019 1019  
1020 -* (((
1021 -LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
855 +
856 +* NSE01 NB-IoT Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
857 +* External antenna x 1
1022 1022  )))
1023 1023  
1024 1024  (((
... ... @@ -1025,30 +1025,20 @@
1025 1025  
1026 1026  
1027 1027  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**:
1028 -)))
1029 1029  
1030 -* (((
1031 -Device Size: cm
865 +
866 +* Size: 195 x 125 x 55 mm
867 +* Weight:   420g
1032 1032  )))
1033 -* (((
1034 -Device Weight: g
1035 -)))
1036 -* (((
1037 -Package Size / pcs : cm
1038 -)))
1039 -* (((
1040 -Weight / pcs : g
1041 1041  
870 +(((
871 +
1042 1042  
873 +
1043 1043  
1044 1044  )))
1045 1045  
1046 -= 8. Support =
877 += 9.  Support =
1047 1047  
1048 1048  * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1049 1049  * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
1050 -
1051 -
1052 -~)~)~)
1053 -~)~)~)
1054 -~)~)~)
1657245163077-232.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +81.0 KB
Content
1657246476176-652.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +492.6 KB
Content
1657249419225-449.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +81.0 KB
Content
1657249468462-536.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +483.6 KB
Content
1657249793983-486.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +85.8 KB
Content
1657249831934-534.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +72.5 KB
Content
1657249864775-321.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +87.0 KB
Content
1657249930215-289.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +77.3 KB
Content
1657249978444-674.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +139.5 KB
Content
1657249990869-686.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +96.9 KB
Content
1657250217799-140.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +98.7 KB
Content
1657250255956-604.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +99.0 KB
Content
1657259653666-883.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +344.4 KB
Content
1657260785982-288.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +138.2 KB
Content
1657261119050-993.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +126.1 KB
Content
1657261278785-153.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +126.1 KB
Content
image-20220610172436-1.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +370.3 KB
Content
image-20220708101224-1.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +22.2 KB
Content
image-20220708101605-2.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +87.5 KB
Content
image-20220708110657-3.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +251.7 KB
Content
image-20220708111918-4.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +38.8 KB
Content
image-20220708133731-5.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +8.7 KB
Content
image-20220708140453-6.png
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +132.7 KB
Content
image-20220708141352-7.jpeg
Author
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +XWiki.Xiaoling
Size
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +102.7 KB
Content