Wiki source code of LWL02 -- LoRaWAN Water Leak Sensor User Manual

Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2025/05/08 08:40

version	line-number	content
2.2	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
90.1	2	[[image:image-20250207150946-1.jpeg\|\|height="553" width="553"]]
1.1	3
	4
	5
36.1	6
	7
	8
	9
	10
33.4	11	Table of Contents:
1.1	12
17.3	13	{{toc/}}
1.1	14
	15
	16
17.3	17
	18
36.2	19
	20
	21
	22
2.2	23	= 1. Introduction =
1.1	24
65.1	25	== 1.1 What is the LWL02 LoRaWAN Water Leak Sensor ==
1.1	26
	27
65.1	28	The Dragino LWL02 is a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Water Leak Sensor(%%) equipped with two external metal probes. When water is detected between the two metal probes, the LWL02 identifies a water leak and sends an uplink to the registered LoRaWAN network server.
1.1	29
65.1	30	The LWL02 is powered by (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)2 x AAA batteries(%%) and is designed for long-term use. These two batteries can support approximately 16,000 to 70,000 uplink packets, resulting in a battery life of 2 to 10 years. Once the batteries are depleted, users can easily open the enclosure and replace them with standard AAA batteries.
1.2	31
65.1	32	The LWL02 sends data periodically every day and also for each water leak event. It records the number of water leak occurrences and calculates the duration of the most recent leak. Users can disable uplinks for each individual water leak event if desired. In this case, the device will count each event and send the data periodically.
1.2	33
65.1	34	Each LWL02 comes preloaded with a unique set of key/EUIs for LoRaWAN registration. By registering these keys to the LoRaWAN network server, the device will automatically connect upon powering on.
	35
1.2	36
	37
3.3	38	== 1.2 Features ==
1.2	39
40.2	40
65.1	41	* LoRaWAN Class A v1.0.3
	42	* Frequency Bands: CN470, EU433, KR920, US915, EU868, AS923, AU915, IN865, RU864
	43	* SX1262 LoRa Core
	44	* Water Leak Detection
	45	* 2 x AAA LR03 Batteries
	46	* AT Commands to change parameters
	47	* Periodic Uplink and uplink triggered by open/close actions
	48	* Remote Configuration of parameters via LoRa Downlink
	49	* Firmware Upgradable via programming port
1.2	50
61.4	51	== 1.3 Storage & Operation Temperature ==
3.4	52
40.2	53
65.1	54	-10 ~~ 50 °C or -40 ~~ 60 °C (depending on the battery type; see [[FAQ>>\|\|anchor="H7.6Whyiseedifferentworkingtemperatureforthedevice3F"]])
61.3	55
	56
	57	== 1.4 Applications ==
	58
	59
1.2	60	* Smart Buildings & Home Automation
	61	* Logistics and Supply Chain Management
	62	* Smart Metering
	63	* Smart Agriculture
	64	* Smart Cities
	65	* Smart Factory
	66
65.1	67	== 1.5 Dimensions ==
40.2	68
61.3	69
5.2	70	[[image:image-20220608143952-2.png]]
1.2	71
41.2	72
5.2	73	[[image:1654670405145-346.png]]
1.2	74
5.2	75
61.3	76	== 1.6 Firmware Change log ==
5.2	77
40.2	78
26.8	79	(((
65.1	80	The LWL02 uses the same firmware as the LDS01: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/6ls5i0zsvujvbc8/AABe3V5aQXdy7zSxEdEA3DHOa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/6ls5i0zsvujvbc8/AABe3V5aQXdy7zSxEdEA3DHOa?dl=0]]
26.8	81	)))
1.2	82
93.1	83	== 1.7 Hardware Variant (Since LDWS v2.4 PCB) ==
1.2	84
	85
93.1	86	Starting from the LDWS v2.4 motherboard, we made adjustments to the button and LED light of LWL02, and the corresponding adjustments were also made to the shell at the same time.
40.2	87
93.1	88
	89
95.1	90	=== 1.7.1 How to identify the old and new versions ===
93.1	91
	92
	93	Check the external enclosure for these differences:
	94
	95	~1. RESET Button Hole
	96
	97	* New Version: Larger hole (Corresponding to the position of the RESET button on the motherboard).
	98	* Old Version: Smaller hole (The original position of the LED).
	99
	100	2. LED
	101
	102	* New Version: Thinner circular area below RESET hole (for LED light transmission).
	103	* Old Version: The small hole directly above the shell (Corresponding to the position of the LED on the motherboard).
	104
	105	3. Arrow Marking
	106
	107	* New Version: Edge-embossed arrow shape.
	108	* Old Version: Fully recessed arrow shape.
	109
	110	(% style="color:blue" %)Actual appearance comparison picture：
	111
94.1	112	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20250507161458-4.jpeg?width=665&height=456&rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20250507161458-4.jpeg"]]
93.1	113
	114
95.1	115	=== 1.7.2 RESET button & LED Display ===
93.1	116
	117
	118	1. RESET button
	119
	120	Restart the device through the physical reset button.
	121
	122	It is suitable for rapid restart when the equipment malfunctions (such as communication failure, sensor unresponsiveness).
	123
	124	* For old version, the RESET button was located inside the device enclosure, requiring the housing to be opened for access.
	125	* For new version, the RESET button is located in a small hole in the device's case and can simply be pressed with a thin pin without opening the case.
	126
	127	Example:
	128
94.1	129	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20250507172832-6.png?width=274&height=372&rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20250507172832-6.png"]]
93.1	130
	131
	132	2. LED display
	133
	134	(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:463px" %)
	135	\|=(% style="width: 186px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Action\|=(% style="width: 277px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)LED behavior
94.1	136	\|(% style="width:184px" %)Power On\|(% style="width:275px" %)(% style="color:green" %)GREEN LED on for 1s, (% style="color:red" %)RED LED on for 1s,(%%) (% style="color:blue" %)BLUE LED on for 1s(%%)
	137	\|(% style="width:184px" %)Joined successfully\|(% style="width:275px" %)(% style="color:green" %)GREEN LED (%%)on for 5s
93.1	138	\|(% style="width:184px" %)Send an uplink message\|(% style="width:275px" %)(% style="color:green" %)GREEN LED(%%) blinks once
94.1	139	\|(% style="width:184px" %)Receive a downlink message\|(% style="width:275px" %)(% style="color:blue" %)BLUE LED(%%) blinks once
93.1	140
	141	= 2. Power on LWL02 =
	142
	143
65.1	144	When you receive the LWL02, open the enclosure and insert 2 AAA batteries to power it on. The [[LED>>\|\|anchor="H4.7LEDs"]] will blink when the device is powered.
1.2	145
	146
85.1	147	= 3. How to Install LWL02 =
1.2	148
40.2	149
65.1	150	Fixing with screws:
61.1	151
65.1	152	* Detach the bottom lid of the enclosure. You will notice two holes on the bottom lid for inserting screws. First, attach the bottom lid to the surface using screws. Then snap the top part of the enclosure onto the bottom. You will hear a clicking sound once they are securely fitted together.
	153
61.1	154	[[image:image-20231222114059-1.jpeg\|\|height="412" width="624"]]
	155
	156
65.1	157	Fixing with double-sided adhesive pads:
	158
	159	* A double-sided adhesive pad is included with the LWL02. First remove the protective backing of one side only. Then affix it on the bottom of the sensor enclosure. Once the tape is in place, remove the remaining protective backing and secure the enclosure to the surface.
	160
61.1	161	[[image:image-20231222114211-2.jpeg\|\|height="409" width="613"]]
	162
	163
7.4	164	(((
65.1	165	When installing the LWL02 on a wall, please follow the instructions as shown in the image below to ensure the water leak probe is submerged in water for detection purposes. The LWL02 main body is not waterproof, so please avoid allowing water to enter the main body.
40.2	166
	167
7.4	168	)))
1.2	169
7.2	170	[[image:image-20220608144447-4.png]]
1.2	171
	172
7.2	173	= 4. Operation Mode =
1.2	174
65.1	175	== 4.1 How It works? ==
1.2	176
40.2	177
26.5	178	(((
92.1	179	The LWL02 is configured as a LoRaWAN Class A device by default. It contains a DevEUI, AppEUI, and AppKey, which allow it to join a LoRaWAN network using OTAA (Over-The-Air Activation). To connect the LWL02 to a LoRaWAN network, you need to configure these keys and identifiers with the LoRaWAN network server first, and then [[power on>>\|\|anchor="H2.PowerONLWL02"]] the LWL02. The device will automatically join the network using OTAA. This device information can be found in your package, printed on a sticker.
65.1	180
	181
	182	[[image:image-20230426084834-1.png\|\|height="239" width="515"]]
	183
	184
26.5	185	)))
1.2	186
26.5	187	(((
65.1	188	If you cannot set the device registration information, such as the DevEUI, AppEUI, and AppKey, in the network server, you must use the information generated by the network server, which differs from the information already stored on the device. In this case, you can use [[AT Command>>\|\|anchor="H6.UseATCommand"]] to write the new information to the device.
26.5	189	)))
1.2	190
	191
65.1	192	== 4.2 Example to joining a LoRaWAN network ==
7.2	193
40.2	194
1.2	195
65.1	196	The following figure shows how the LWL02 connects to [[The Things Stack>>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network/]]. The LWL02 sends messages (uplinks) to The Things Stack via a LoRaWAN gateway (e.g., Dragino LPS8N) and can also receive messages (downlinks) from The Things Stack. The Things Stack can be integrated with ThingsEye, allowing it to forward uplinks to ThingsEye. ThingsEye is an IoT platform used for visualizing and analyzing sensor data. You can also send downlinks from ThingsEye (via The Things Stack) to the LWL02.
	197
1.2	198
	199
85.1	200	[[image:lwl02-tts.jpg]]
	201
	202
9.6	203	(((
65.1	204	The LWL02 has a water leak detection probe, as shown above. When water is present between the two probes, they will short-circuit and generate a water leak event, sending the status to the LoRaWAN server. The LWL02 uplinks the following types of messages to the server:
1.2	205
65.1	206	* A keep-alive message, sent once per day.
	207	* An emergency event message when a water leak is detected ([[this alarm event can be disabled>>\|\|anchor="H7.3CanIdisableuplinkforeacheventtosavebatterylife3F"]]).
	208	* A periodic update every 10 minutes while in a water leak state.
	209	* A message when switching from a water leak state to no water leak ([[this alarm event can be disabled>>\|\|anchor="H7.3CanIdisableuplinkforeacheventtosavebatterylife3F"]]).
1.2	210
65.1	211	=== 4.2.1 Setting up ===
1.2	212
65.1	213	* Sign up for a free account with [[The Things Stack Sandbox>>url:https://eu1.cloud.thethings.network]] if you do not have one yet.
75.1	214	* Log in to your The Things Stack account.
	215	* Create an application with The Things Stack if you do not have one yet.
	216	On the left navigation, click Applications**.
	217	Then click + Add Application** button.
	218
	219	[[image:lwl02-4.png]]
	220
	221	* On the Create Application page, configure the following:
	222	Application ID**: Provide a unique identification for your application within The Things Stack.
	223	Application name**: (optional) Provide a descriptive name.
	224	Description**: (optional) Provide a description.
	225	* Click on Create application button.
9.6	226	)))
1.2	227
	228
75.1	229	[[image:lwl02-5.png]]
1.2	230
	231
75.1	232	* Go to the newly created application and click on the End devices in the left menu.
69.1	233	* On the End devices page, click on + Register end device.
1.2	234
69.1	235	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/lds02-step-5.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="lds02-step-5.png"]]
	236
	237
	238	* Two registration options are available:
	239	** Using the LoRaWAN Device Repositoty
	240	** Manual registration
	241
	242	=== 4.2.2 Using the LoRaWAN Device Repository ===
	243
	244	* On the Register end device page:
	245	Select the option Select the end device in the LoRaWAN Device Repository under Input method**.
	246	Select the End device brand, Model, Hardware version, Firmware version, and Profile (Region)** from the respective dropdown lists.
	247	* End device brand**: Dragino Technology Co., Limited
75.1	248	* Model**: LWL02 - Water Leak Sensor
69.1	249	* Hardware ver**: Unknown
	250	* Firmware ver**: 1.6
	251	* Profile (Region)**: Select the region that matches your device.
	252	Select the Frequency plan that matches your device from the Frequency plan** dropdown list.
	253	Enter the AppEUI in the JoinEUI field and click the Confirm** button. If The Things Stack accepts the JoinEUI you provided, it will display the message 'This end device can be registered on the network.
	254
75.1	255	[[image:lwl02-1.png]]
69.1	256
	257
1.2	258
	259
69.1	260	* In the DevEUI field, enter the DevEUI.
	261	* In the AppKey field, enter the AppKey.
92.1	262	* In the End device ID field, enter a unique name for your LWL02 within this application.
69.1	263	* Under After registration, select the View registered end device option.
	264	* Click Register end device button.
1.2	265
75.1	266	[[image:lwl02-2.png]]
32.7	267
40.2	268
75.1	269
69.1	270	* You will be navigated to the Device overview page.
1.2	271
75.1	272	[[image:lwl02-3.png]]
69.1	273
	274
75.1	275	* Click on the Live Data tab and then Power on the LWL02. It will first join The Things Stack network server. You can confirm this by looking for the Join-request and Join-accept messages. After successfully joining the network, the LWL02 will start sending uplink messages to The Things Stack, and you can see them in the Live Data panel.
69.1	276
33.2	277	[[image:1654681465260-713.png]]
1.2	278
32.8	279
14.5	280	== 4.3 Uplink Payload ==
	281
26.11	282
69.1	283	The uplink payload is a total of 10 bytes.
1.2	284
90.2	285	(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
90.3	286	\|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)Size(bytes)\|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:80px" %)2\|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)1\|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)3\|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:110px" %)3\|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)1
90.5	287	\|value\|(% style="width:92px" %)Status & BAT\|(% style="width:150px" %)(((
90.3	288	MOD Always:0x02
49.2	289	)))\|(% style="width:126px" %)Total_water_leak_events\|(% style="width:140px" %)(((
69.1	290	Last water leak duration (unit:min)
	291	)))\|(% style="width:153px" %)(((
86.1	292	Alarm status
49.1	293	)))
	294
87.1	295	=== 4.3.1 Battery Info ===
	296
	297	Check the battery voltage:
	298
	299	Example 1: 0x0B88&3FFF = 2952mV
	300
	301	Example 2: 0xD152&3FFF = 4434mV
	302
	303
	304	=== 4.3.2 Status ===
	305
	306	Check the door state:
	307
	308	Example:
	309
	310	If the payload is: 0B: (0000 1011&0100 0000== 0), DOOR_OPEN_STATUS is 0（CLOSE）
	311
	312	If the payload is: D1: (1101 0001&0100 0000== 1), DOOR_OPEN_STATUS is 1（OPEN）
	313
	314
	315	=== 4.3.3 MOD ===
	316
	317	Check the working mode (MOD):
	318
16.2	319	Example:
1.2	320
87.1	321	If the payload is: 02, the MOD is 2.
	322
	323
	324	=== 4.3.4 Total_water_leak_events ===
	325
	326	Get the total number of door open events:
	327
	328	Example:
	329
	330	If payload is: 00 00 93, the total is 147 events.
	331
	332	If payload is: 00 00 00, the total is 0 events.
	333
	334
	335	=== 4.3.5 Last water leak duration (unit: min) ===
	336
	337	Get the last door open duration:
	338
	339	Example:
	340
	341	If the payload is: 00 00 25, the last door open duration is 37 minutes.
	342
	343	If payload is: 00 00 01, the last door open duration is 1 minute.
	344
	345
	346	=== 4.3.6 Alarm ===
	347
	348	Get alarm status.
	349
	350	Example:
	351
	352	If the payload is: 01: (0001 & 0001== 1), the alarm status is 1
	353
	354	If the payload is: 00: (0000 & 0001== 0), the alarm status is 0
	355
	356
	357
	358	Example:
	359
16.2	360	[[image:1654672186477-234.png]]
1.2	361
	362
16.3	363	(((
69.1	364	The payload decoder for The Things Stack can be downloaded from: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/LWL02]]
16.3	365	)))
1.2	366
	367
16.4	368	== 4.4 Downlink Payload ==
1.2	369
26.9	370
61.5	371	(% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:505px" %)
	372	\|=(% style="width: 182px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Downlink Control Type\|=(% style="width: 96px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Type Code\|=(% style="width: 227px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Downlink payload size(bytes)
16.7	373	\|(% style="width:180px" %)TDC (Transmit Time Interval—Keep Alive Interval)\|(% style="width:80px" %)0x01\|(% style="width:150px" %)4
	374	\|(% style="width:180px" %)RESET\|(% style="width:80px" %)0x04\|(% style="width:224px" %)2
17.4	375	\|(% style="width:180px" %)[[Set confirmed mode>>\|\|anchor="HTypeCode0x05"]]\|(% style="width:80px" %)0x05\|(% style="width:150px" %)2
	376	\|(% style="width:180px" %)[[Clear Counting>>\|\|anchor="HTypeCode0xA6"]]\|(% style="width:80px" %)0xA6\|(% style="width:150px" %)2
	377	\|(% style="width:180px" %)[[Enable/Disable Alarm>>\|\|anchor="HTypeCode0xA7"]]\|(% style="width:80px" %)0xA7\|(% style="width:150px" %)2
	378	\|(% style="width:180px" %)[[Control ADR/DR>>\|\|anchor="HTypeCode0xA8"]]\|(% style="width:80px" %)0xA8\|(% style="width:150px" %)3
	379	\|(% style="width:180px" %)[[Set Alarm Timeout>>\|\|anchor="HTypeCode0xA9"]]\|(% style="width:80px" %)0xA9\|(% style="width:150px" %)4
1.2	380
69.1	381	The following image illustrates how to send a downlink payload from The Things Stack.
	382
17.2	383	[[image:1654673412319-976.png]]
1.2	384
	385
17.3	386	=== (% style="color:#037691" %)Type Code 0x01(%%) ===
1.2	387
66.1	388	For example, if the payload is 0100003C, the LWL02's Keep Alive interval is set to 0x00003C (60 seconds).
1.2	389
	390
17.3	391	=== (% style="color:#037691" %)Type Code 0x04(%%) ===
1.2	392
66.1	393	For example, if the payload is 0x04FF, it resets the LWL02.
1.2	394
	395
17.3	396	=== (% style="color:#037691" %)Type Code 0x05(%%) ===
1.2	397
66.1	398	* The payload 0x05 00 sets the uplink to LoRaWAN unconfirmed mode.
	399	* The payload 0x05 01 sets the uplink to LoRaWAN confirmed mode
1.2	400
17.3	401	=== (% style="color:#037691" %)Type Code 0xA6(%%) ===
1.2	402
66.1	403	The payload 0xA601 is used to "clear the counting." For the LWL02, it resets both the count numbers and the time.
1.2	404
	405
17.3	406	=== (% style="color:#037691" %)Type Code 0xA7(%%) ===
1.2	407
66.1	408	* The payload 0xA7 01 is equivalent to AT+DISALARM=1.
	409	* The payload 0xA7 00 is Equivalent to AT+DISALARM=0.
1.2	410
17.3	411	=== (% style="color:#037691" %)Type Code 0xA8(%%) ===
1.2	412
66.1	413	Downlink Payload Format: 0xA8 AA BB
1.2	414
66.1	415	* 0xA8: Type code
	416	* AA:
	417	1**: Enable ADR
	418	0: Disable ADR (same as the AT+CADR** command)
	419	* BB: Set DR (same as AT+CDATARATE; only valid after ADR = 0)
1.2	420
66.1	421	Example: 0xA8 00 02: Set ADR = 0 and DR = 2
1.2	422
	423
17.3	424	=== (% style="color:#037691" %)Type Code 0xA9(%%) ===
1.2	425
66.1	426	For more information, see [[Alarm Base Timeout>>\|\|anchor="H4.6AlarmBaseonTimeout"]].
1.2	427
	428
77.1	429	== 4.5 Integrate with IoT Platforms ==
1.2	430
90.6	431
77.1	432	The Things Stack can be integrated with many IoT platforms, including ThingsEye and Datacake, for visualizing and analyzing data coming from the LWL02. Most of these IoT platforms also support sending downlinks to the LWL02.
40.2	433
90.6	434
77.1	435	=== 4.5.1 Integrate with ThingsEye ===
	436
90.6	437
77.1	438	The Things Stack application supports integration with ThingsEye.io. Once integrated, ThingsEye.io acts as an MQTT client for The Things Stack MQTT broker, allowing it to subscribe to upstream traffic and publish downlink traffic.
	439
90.6	440
77.1	441	==== 4.5.1.1 Configuring The Things Stack ====
	442
90.6	443
77.1	444	We use The Things Stack Sandbox in this example:
	445
	446	* In The Things Stack Sandbox, go to the Application for the LWL02 you added.
	447	* Select MQTT under Integrations in the left menu.
	448	* In the Connection information section, under Connection credentials, The Things Stack displays an auto-generated username. You can use it or provide a new one.
	449	* Click the Generate new API key button to generate a password. You can view it by clicking on the visibility toggle/eye icon. The API key works as the password.
	450
	451	{{info}}
	452	The username and password (API key) you created here are required in the next section.
	453	{{/info}}
	454
	455	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/tts-mqtt-integration.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="tts-mqtt-integration.png"]]
	456
	457
	458	==== 4.5.1.2 Configuring ThingsEye.io ====
	459
90.6	460
77.1	461	The ThingsEye.io IoT platform is not open for self-registration at the moment. If you are interested in testing the platform, please send your project information to [[admin@thingseye.io>>mailto:admin@thingseye.io]], and we will create an account for you.
	462
	463	* Login to your [[ThingsEye.io >>url:https://thingseye.io]]account.
	464	* Under the Integrations center, click Integrations.
	465	* Click the Add integration button (the button with the + symbol)
	466
90.6	467	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-1.png?rev=1.2\|\|alt="thingseye-io-step-1.png" height="804" width="1287"]]
77.1	468
	469
	470	On the Add integration window, configure the following:
	471
	472	Basic settings:
	473
	474	* Select The Things Stack Community from the Integration type list.
	475	* Enter a suitable name for your integration in the Name text box or keep the default name.
	476	* Ensure the following options are turned on.
	477	** Enable integration
	478	** Debug mode
	479	** Allow creating devices or assets
	480	* Click the Next button. you will be navigated to the Uplink data converter tab.
	481
90.6	482	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-2.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="thingseye-io-step-2.png" height="825" width="1321"]]
77.1	483
	484
	485	Uplink data converter:
	486
	487	* Click the Create new button if it is not selected by default.
	488	* Enter a suitable name for the uplink data converter in the Name text box or keep the default name.
	489	* Click the JavaScript button.
	490	* Paste the uplink decoder function into the text area (first, delete the default code). The demo uplink decoder function can be found [[here>>url:https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ThingsEye-io/te-platform/refs/heads/main/Data%20Converters/The_Things_Network_MQTT_Uplink_Converter.js]].
	491	* Click the Next button. You will be navigated to the Downlink data converter tab.
	492
90.6	493	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-3.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="thingseye-io-step-3.png" height="841" width="1346"]]
77.1	494
	495
	496	Downlink data converter (this is an optional step):
	497
	498	* Click the Create new button if it is not selected by default.
	499	* Enter a suitable name for the downlink data converter in the Name text box or keep the default name.
	500	* Click the JavaScript button.
	501	* Paste the downlink decoder function into the text area (first, delete the default code). The demo downlink decoder function can be found [[here>>url:https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ThingsEye-io/te-platform/refs/heads/main/Data%20Converters/The_Things_Network_MQTT_Downlink_Converter.js]].
	502	* Click the Next button. You will be navigated to the Connection tab.
	503
90.6	504	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-4.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="thingseye-io-step-4.png" height="841" width="1346"]]
77.1	505
	506
	507	Connection:
	508
	509	* Choose Region from the Host type.
	510	* Enter the cluster of your The Things Stack in the Region textbox. You can find the cluster in the url (e.g., https:~/~/eu1.cloud.thethings.network/...).
	511	* Enter the Username and Password of the MQTT integration in the Credentials section. The username and password can be found on the MQTT integration page of your The Things Stack account (see 4.5.1.1 Configuring The Things Stack).
	512	* Click the Check connection button to test the connection. If the connection is successful, you will see the message saying Connected.
	513
	514	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/message-1.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="message-1.png"]]
	515
	516
	517
	518	* Click the Add button.
	519
90.6	520	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-io-step-5.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="thingseye-io-step-5.png" height="842" width="1348"]]
77.1	521
	522
	523	Your integration has been added to the Integrations list and will be displayed on the Integrations page. Check whether the status is shown as Active. If not, review your configuration settings and correct any errors.
	524
	525
90.6	526	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye.io_integrationsCenter_integrations.png?rev=1.2\|\|alt="thingseye.io_integrationsCenter_integrations.png" height="928" width="1352"]]
77.1	527
	528
	529	==== 4.5.1.3 Viewing integration details ====
	530
	531	Click on your integration from the list. The Integration details window will appear with the Details tab selected. The Details tab shows all the settings you have provided for this integration.
	532
	533
90.6	534	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/integration-details.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="integration-details.png" height="928" width="1352"]]
77.1	535
	536
	537	If you want to edit the settings you have provided, click on the Toggle edit mode button. Once you have done click on the Apply changes button.
	538
	539	{{info}}
	540	See also [[ThingsEye documentation>>url:https://wiki.thingseye.io/xwiki/bin/view/Main/]].
	541	{{/info}}
	542
	543
	544	==== 4.5.1.4 Viewing events ====
	545
	546	The Events tab displays all the uplink messages from the LWL02.
	547
	548	* Select Debug from the Event type dropdown.
	549	* Select the time frame from the time window.
	550
90.6	551	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LT-22222-L/WebHome/thingseye-events.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="thingseye-events.png" height="931" width="1357"]]
77.1	552
	553
	554	* To view the JSON payload of a message, click on the three dots (...) in the Message column of the desired message.
	555
	556	[image coming soon]
	557
	558
	559	==== 4.5.1.5 Deleting an integration ====
	560
90.6	561
77.1	562	If you want to delete an integration, click the Delete integration button on the Integrations page.
	563
	564
	565	==== 4.5.1.6 Viewing sensor data on a dashboard ====
	566
90.6	567
77.1	568	You can create a dashboard with ThingsEye to visualize the sensor data coming from the LWL02. The following image shows a dashboard created for the LWL02. See Creating a dashboard in ThingsEye documentation for more information.
	569
90.6	570	[[image:Screenshot 2025-01-28 at 20.40.24.png\|\|height="710" width="1344"]]
77.1	571
	572
	573	== 4.5.2 Integrate with Datacake ==
	574
	575
82.1	576	Datacake is a multi-purpose, low-code IoT platform that allows you to integrate sensor data for visualization and analysis. With The Things Stack, you can easily create an integration with Datacake to forward your sensor data to the Datacake IoT platform.
1.2	577
	578
82.1	579	=== 4.5.2.1 Prerequisites ===
1.2	580
90.6	581
92.1	582	* The LWL02 device is joined to The Things Stack.
82.1	583	* Uplinks from the LWL02 device are being received by The Things Stack.
	584	* A Datacake account (a free account is sufficient for this example).
1.2	585
82.1	586	=== 4.5.2.2 Procedure ===
1.2	587
90.6	588
82.1	589	* In the Datacake workspace, on the left navigation, click Account Settings.
	590	* Then click API Token.
	591	* In the API Token tab, click the Copy button to copy the API token. You will need this API token when creating a webhook with The Things Stack.
1.2	592
90.6	593	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-1.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="datacake-1.png" height="847" width="1356"]]
1.2	594
	595
	596
82.1	597	To configure the Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. To add the Datacake integration, perform the following steps:
1.2	598
82.1	599	* In The Things Stack console, on the left navigation,
	600	First select your application (Applications -> <your application>**)
	601	Then select Integrations -> Webhooks**
	602	* On the Webhooks page, click + Add Webhook button.
1.2	603
90.6	604	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/tts-webhook-1.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="tts-webhook-1.png" height="844" width="1351"]]
82.1	605
	606
	607	* On the Choose webhook template page, select Datacake.
	608
90.6	609	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/tts-webhook-2.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="tts-webhook-2.png" height="847" width="1356"]]
82.1	610
	611
	612	* On the Setup webhook for Datacake page,
	613	Webhook ID**: provide an unique identifier for this webhook
	614	Token: Paste the Datacake API Token when you copied from the Datacake Account Settings**.
	615	* Click on the Create Datacake webhook button.
	616
90.6	617	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/tts-webhook-3.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="tts-webhook-3.png" height="846" width="1354"]]
82.1	618
	619
	620	Now the Webhook is created and displayed on the Webhooks page.
	621
	622
90.6	623	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/tts-webhook-4.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="tts-webhook-4.png" height="835" width="1337"]]
82.1	624
	625
	626	* In the Datacake workspace, on the left navigation, click Devices.
	627	* On the Devices page, click +Add Device.
	628
90.6	629	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-2.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="datacake-2.png" height="841" width="1346"]]
82.1	630
	631
	632	* On the Add Device window, click LoRaWAN option.
	633	* Click on the Next button.
	634
90.6	635	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-3.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="datacake-3.png" height="848" width="1358"]]
82.1	636
	637
	638	* On the Add LoRaWAN Device window, STEP 1, click on New Product from template option.
	639	* Under Device Template, search lwl02. Then click on Dragino LWL02 Water leakage option.
	640	* Click on the Next button.
	641
90.6	642	[[image:lwl02-dk-1.png\|\|height="841" width="1346"]]
82.1	643
	644
	645	* On the Add LoRaWAN Device window, STEP 2, under Network Server, click on The Things Stack V3 option.
	646	* Click on the Next button.
	647
90.6	648	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-5.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="datacake-5.png" height="847" width="1356"]]
82.1	649
	650
	651	* On the Add LoRaWAN Device window, STEP 3, under Add Devices, click Manual tab.
	652	* In the DEVEUI textbox, enter your LWL02's 8 bytes DevEUI.
	653	* In the NAME textbox, enter a suitable name to identify your LWL02.
	654	* Click on the Next button.
	655
90.6	656	[[image:lwl02-dk-2.png\|\|height="848" width="1358"]]
82.1	657
	658
	659	* On the Add LoRaWAN Device window, STEP 4, select Individual device plans tab.
	660	* Click Free option.
	661	* Click on the Add 1 Device button.
	662
90.6	663	[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/datacake-7.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="datacake-7.png" height="843" width="1350"]]
82.1	664
	665
	666
	667
	668	* The device is now added to the Datacake workspace and is ready to receive uplinks from the LWL02 via The Things Stack.
	669	* In the DEVICE column, click lwl02.
	670
90.6	671	[[image:lwl02-dk-3.png\|\|height="846" width="1354"]]
82.1	672
	673
	674	You can see the pre-built dashboard from our template, displaying the LWL02's sensor data on various widgets.
	675
	676
90.6	677	[[image:lwl02-dk-4.png\|\|height="845" width="1353"]]
82.1	678
	679
	680
	681
67.1	682	== 4.6 Alarm Based on Timeout ==
1.2	683
40.2	684
23.4	685	(((
67.1	686	The LWL02 can monitor the timeout for a status change. This feature can be used to monitor events, such as the duration of water leakage, and more.
41.1	687
90.6	688	(% style="color:red" %)(This command is specifically applicable to LDS02. For the LWL02, this command can only enable the alarm, but the alarm time is fixed at 10 minutes)
23.4	689	)))
1.2	690
23.4	691	(((
67.1	692	You can configure this feature using the following:
23.4	693	)))
1.2	694
23.4	695	(((
	696
	697	)))
1.2	698
23.4	699	(((
67.1	700	AT Command Configuration:
1.2	701
67.1	702	* (% style="color:red" %)AT+TTRIG=1,30(%%) ~-~-> When the status changes from "close" to "open," the LWL02 remains in the "open" status for more than 30 seconds. Then it will send an uplink packet. The alarm bit (the lowest bit of the 10th byte of the payload) in this uplink packet is set to 1.
	703	* (% style="color:red" %)AT+TTRIG=0,0(%%) ~-~-> Default value, disables the timeout alarm.
1.2	704
40.2	705
23.4	706	)))
1.2	707
23.4	708	(((
67.1	709	Downlink Command Configuration:
1.2	710
67.1	711	Command: 0xA9 AA BB CC
1.2	712
67.1	713	* 0xA9: Type Code
	714	* AA: Status to be monitored
	715	* BB CC: Timeout
1.2	716
67.1	717	If you send 0xA9 01 00 1E, it is equivalent to AT+TTRIG=1,30.
1.2	718
68.1	719	Or, if you send 0xA9 00 00 00, it is equivalent to AT+TTRIG=0,0 (disables the timeout alarm).
23.4	720	)))
1.2	721
23.4	722	(((
	723
	724	)))
1.2	725
67.1	726	= 5. Battery =
21.8	727
	728
67.1	729	The LWL02 is equipped with 2 AAA LR03 batteries.
40.2	730
1.2	731
67.1	732	== 5.1 Replacing Batteries ==
1.2	733
	734
22.3	735	(((
92.1	736	The LWL02 is equipped with 2 x AAA LR03 batteries. If the batteries are running low (showing 2.1V on the platform), the user can buy generic AAA batteries and replace them.
1.2	737
67.1	738	Note:
	739
92.1	740	1. The LWL02 doesn’t have any screws; you can use a nail to open it from the middle.
67.1	741	1. Make sure the direction is correct when installing the AAA batteries.
	742
	743	Important Note: Ensure you use new AAA LR03 batteries, and that the battery surfaces are not damaged.
	744
	745
	746	Example of AAA LR03 battery:
22.3	747	)))
1.2	748
22.2	749	[[image:1654675278044-307.png]]
1.2	750
	751
68.1	752	== 5.2 Power Consumption Analysis ==
22.4	753
40.2	754
26.6	755	(((
90.6	756	Dragino battery-powered products all run in Low Power mode. You can refer to the guidelines from this [[link>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/Battery_Analyze/DRAGINO_Battery_Life_Guide.pdf]] to estimate battery life.
	757
68.1	758
26.6	759	)))
1.2	760
68.1	761	= 6. Use AT Commands =
1.2	762
68.1	763	== 6.1 Access AT Commands ==
1.2	764
22.4	765
68.1	766	The LWL02 supports an AT command set. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to configure the LWL02 via AT commands, as shown below.
40.2	767
52.1	768	[[image:image-20221226104917-1.png\|\|height="557" width="850"]]
40.2	769
1.2	770
24.3	771	(((
68.1	772	On the PC, the user needs to set the serial tool (such as [[PuTTY>>url:https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/latest.html]] or SecureCRT) baud rate to 115200 to access the serial console of the LWL02. Below is the output for reference:
24.3	773	)))
1.2	774
24.3	775	(((
68.1	776	The AT command access password is (% style="color:red" %)123456.
24.3	777	)))
1.2	778
24.2	779	[[image:1654675618022-630.png]]
1.2	780
40.2	781
26.7	782	(((
68.1	783	Each AT command needs to have an ENTER key pressed at the end before sending.
1.2	784
68.1	785	When entering the first command, the RED LED will turn on, and the user can now input AT commands. After entering all the required AT commands, input AT+CLPM=1 to set the device to Low Power mode, and the RED LED will turn off.
	786
	787	More details can be found in the [[AT Command Manual>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDS01/]].
26.7	788	)))
1.2	789
26.7	790	(((
68.1	791	[[url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDS01/]]
26.7	792	)))
1.2	793
	794
1.5	795	= 7. FAQ =
	796
	797	== 7.1 How to upgrade the image? ==
	798
40.2	799
68.1	800	You can upgrade the LWL02 for bug fixes, new features, or to change the working region. The upgrade instructions are here: [[LDS02/LWL02 Update method>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS02%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Door%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/#H7.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F]].
1.2	801
	802
1.5	803	== 7.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
1.2	804
40.2	805
68.1	806	If you have the US915 frequency and want to change it to the AS923 frequency, you can follow the instructions for upgrading the image in [[how to upgrade image>>\|\|anchor="H7.1Howtoupgradetheimage3F"]] section. When downloading the image, select the required file.
1.2	807
	808
68.1	809	== 7.3 Can I disable uplinks for each event to save battery life? ==
40.2	810
1.2	811
68.1	812	Yes, you can use one of the method below:
1.2	813
68.1	814	Via AT Command:
1.2	815
68.1	816	AT+DISALARM=1 : The end node will only send packets during the TDC time.
33.9	817
68.1	818	AT+DISALARM=0 : The end node will send packets either during the TDC time or when there is a status change in the door sensor.
1.2	819
	820
68.1	821	Via LoRaWAN downlink Command:
1.2	822
68.1	823	0xA701 : Equivalent to AT+DISALARM=1
1.2	824
68.1	825	0xA700 : Equivalent to AT+DISALARM=0
40.2	826
	827
68.1	828	== 7.4 How can I change the Subband for LWL02? ==
56.2	829
	830
68.1	831	Before v1.6 firmware:
92.1	832	LWL02 operates in Subband 2 by default in the AU915/US915 band. If the LoRaWAN server operates on another subband, LWL02 may have trouble joining the server. In this case, the user can use the AT command to change the subband. See the AT Command chapter for hardware connection details. Below are the steps to change the subband:
68.1	833
	834	1. Press the reset button.
	835	1. Send the password 123456.
	836	1. Send the command: AT+CFREQBANDMASK=0006 (use 0001 for Subband 1, 0002 for Subband 2, etc.).
	837	1. Press the reset button to restart and switch to the new subband.
	838
	839	Example output:
	840
54.1	841	(% class="mark small" %)[3369]DRAGINO LWL01 Device
	842	[3370]Frequency Band: US915 v1.5
	843	[3373]OTAA
	844	[3374]DevEui= 7896785455246354
	845	[3377]class type A
55.1	846	[3379]freq mode intra(%%)
	847	(% class="mark mark small small" %)[3381]scan chn mask 0x0002 ~-~-> use subband 2
53.1	848
54.1	849	(% class="mark small" %)LM502:~~# [10793]txDone
55.1	850	123456 ~-~-> ENTER PASSWORD
	851	Correct Password
53.1	852
54.1	853	(% class="mark small" %)[105115]rxTimeOut
55.1	854	AT+CFREQBANDMASK=0001 ~-~-> Change to Subband1
	855	OK
53.1	856
54.1	857	(% class="mark small" %)[3371]DRAGINO LWL01 Device
55.1	858	[3373]Frequency Band: US915 v1.5
	859	[3376]OTAA
	860	[3377]DevEui= 7896785455246354
	861	[3380]class type A
	862	[3382]freq mode intra
	863	[3384]scan chn mask 0x0001 ~-~-> reboot and works on Subband1 now
54.1	864
	865
68.1	866	Since firmware v1.6:
54.1	867
92.1	868	LWL02 works with the channel mask 0x0000, which covers all subbands. Therefore, there is no need to use AT commands to change the subband, and it will work for every subband.
54.1	869
55.1	870
68.1	871	== 7.5 My sensor worked for Helium AU915 before, but now it doesn't work. Why? ==
56.1	872
	873
68.1	874	This is a sub-band issue. See chapter 7.4. Helium changed the sub-band for AU915 from subband 2 to subband 6, which caused the sensor to stop working.
61.2	875
	876
68.1	877	== 7.6 Why do I see different working temperatures for the device? ==
61.2	878
1.2	879
68.1	880	The working temperature range of the device depends on the battery the user chooses.
40.2	881
68.1	882	* A standard AAA battery can support a working range of -10°C to 50°C.
	883	* A special AAA battery can support a working range of -40°C to 60°C. For example, [[Energizer L92>>url:https://data.energizer.com/pdfs/l92.pdf]][[url:https://data.energizer.com/pdfs/l92.pdf]]
	884
	885	= 8. Ordering Information =
	886
	887
1.6	888	Part Number: (% style="color:blue" %)LWL02-XXX(%%)
1.2	889
1.6	890	(% style="color:blue" %)XXX:
1.2	891
1.10	892	* (% style="color:red" %)EU433(%%): frequency bands EU433
	893	* (% style="color:red" %)EU868(%%): frequency bands EU868
	894	* (% style="color:red" %)KR920(%%): frequency bands KR920
1.6	895	* (% style="color:red" %)CN470(%%): frequency bands CN470
1.10	896	* (% style="color:red" %)AS923(%%): frequency bands AS923
1.6	897	* (% style="color:red" %)AU915(%%): frequency bands AU915
1.10	898	* (% style="color:red" %)US915(%%): frequency bands US915
	899	* (% style="color:red" %)IN865(%%): frequency bands IN865
1.2	900
68.1	901	= 9. Packaging Information =
1.4	902
40.2	903
1.2	904	Package Includes:
	905
	906	* LWL02 x 1
	907
31.2	908	= 10. Support =
1.2	909
40.2	910
68.1	911	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different time zones, we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible during the aforementioned hours.
	912	* Please provide as much information as possible regarding your inquiry (e.g., product models, a detailed description of the problem, and steps to replicate it), and send an email to [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]].

Wiki source code of LWL02 -- LoRaWAN Water Leak Sensor User Manual

Applications