Changes for page LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter User Manual
Last modified by Xiaoling on 2025/02/07 16:37
From version 170.1
edited by Bei Jinggeng
on 2024/03/15 09:47
on 2024/03/15 09:47
Change comment:
There is no comment for this version
Summary
-
Page properties (3 modified, 0 added, 0 removed)
-
Attachments (0 modified, 0 added, 16 removed)
- image-20220726135239-1.png
- image-20220726135356-2.png
- image-20220813173738-1.png
- image-20220813174353-2.png
- image-20220813183239-3.png
- image-20220814101457-1.png
- image-20220817084245-1.png
- image-20220817084532-1.jpeg
- image-20220817093644-1.png
- image-20220909151441-1.jpeg
- image-20220909151517-2.png
- image-20220912085244-1.png
- image-20220912085307-2.png
- image-20231129155939-1.png
- image-20240101111021-1.png
- image-20240101111030-2.png
Details
- Page properties
-
- Title
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@ 1 -LA66 USBLoRaWANAdapter UserManual1 +LA66 LoRaWAN Module - Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@ 1 -XWiki. Bei1 +XWiki.Xiaoling - Content
-
... ... @@ -6,25 +6,34 @@ 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 += 1. LA66 LoRaWAN Module = 9 9 10 10 11 -= 1. LA66 USBLoRaWANAdapter=12 +== 1.1 What is LA66 LoRaWAN Module == 12 12 13 -== 1.1 Overview == 14 14 15 +((( 16 +((( 17 +[[image:image-20220719093358-2.png||height="145" width="220"]](% style="color:blue" %)** ** 18 +))) 15 15 16 -[[image:image-20220715001142-3.png||height="194" width="294"]][[image:image-20240101111030-2.png]] 20 +((( 21 + 22 +))) 17 17 18 - 19 19 ((( 20 -(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66 USBLoRaWANAdapter**(%%) isdesignedtofastturnUSBdevicestoportLoRaWANwirelessfeatures. Itcombinesa CP2101 USB TTL Chip andLA66 LoRaWANmodulewhichcaneasy toaddLoRaWANwirelessfeature toPC/ MobilephoneoranembeddeddevicehasUSBInterface.25 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Dragino LA66**(%%) is a small wireless LoRaWAN module that offers a very compelling mix of long-range, low power consumption, and secure data transmission. It is designed to facilitate developers to quickly deploy industrial-level LoRaWAN and IoT solutions. It helps users to turn the idea into a practical application and make the Internet of Things a reality. It is easy to create and connect your things everywhere. 21 21 ))) 27 +))) 22 22 23 23 ((( 30 +((( 24 24 (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66**(%%) is a ready-to-use module that includes the (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN v1.0.3 protocol**(%%). The LoRaWAN stack used in LA66 is used in more than 1 million LoRaWAN End Devices deployed world widely. This mature LoRaWAN stack greatly reduces the risk to make stable LoRaWAN Sensors to support different LoRaWAN servers and different countries' standards. External MCU can use AT command to call LA66 and start to transmit data via the LoRaWAN protocol. 25 25 ))) 33 +))) 26 26 27 27 ((( 36 +((( 28 28 Each LA66 module includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**world-unique OTAA key**(%%) for LoRaWAN registration. 29 29 ))) 30 30 ... ... @@ -31,34 +31,35 @@ 31 31 ((( 32 32 Besides the support of the LoRaWAN protocol, LA66 also supports (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source peer-to-peer LoRa Protocol**(%%) for the none-LoRaWAN application. 33 33 ))) 43 +))) 34 34 35 35 ((( 46 +((( 36 36 LA66 is equipped with (% style="color:blue" %)**TCXO crystal**(%%) which ensures the module can achieve stable performance in extreme temperatures. 37 37 ))) 49 +))) 38 38 39 39 52 + 40 40 == 1.2 Features == 41 41 42 - 43 -* LoRaWAN USB adapter base on LA66 LoRaWAN module 44 -* Ultra-long RF range 45 -* Support LoRaWAN v1.0.3 protocol 55 +* Support LoRaWAN v1.0.4 protocol 46 46 * Support peer-to-peer protocol 47 47 * TCXO crystal to ensure RF performance on low temperature 48 -* Sp ringRFantenna58 +* SMD Antenna pad and i-pex antenna connector 49 49 * Available in different frequency LoRaWAN frequency bands. 50 50 * World-wide unique OTAA keys. 51 51 * AT Command via UART-TTL interface 52 52 * Firmware upgradable via UART interface 53 -* Open Source Mobile App forLoRaWAN signaldetect andGPStracking.63 +* Ultra-long RF range 54 54 55 55 == 1.3 Specification == 56 56 57 - 58 58 * CPU: 32-bit 48 MHz 59 59 * Flash: 256KB 60 60 * RAM: 64KB 61 -* Input Power Range: 5v 70 +* Input Power Range: 1.8v ~~ 3.7v 71 +* Power Consumption: < 4uA. 62 62 * Frequency Range: 150 MHz ~~ 960 MHz 63 63 * Maximum Power +22 dBm constant RF output 64 64 * High sensitivity: -148 dBm ... ... @@ -70,404 +70,635 @@ 70 70 ** Operating: 10 ~~ 95% (Non-Condensing) 71 71 * LoRa Tx Current: <90 mA at +17 dBm, 108 mA at +22 dBm 72 72 * LoRa Rx current: <9 mA 83 +* I/O Voltage: 3.3v 73 73 74 -== 1.4 PinMapping& LED==85 +== 1.4 AT Command == 75 75 76 76 77 - [[image:image-20220813183239-3.png||height="526"width="662"]]88 +AT Command is valid over Main TXD and Main RXD. Serial Baud Rate is 9600. AT commands can be found in AT Command documents. 78 78 79 79 80 -== 1.5 Example: Send & Get Messages via LoRaWAN in PC == 81 81 92 +== 1.5 Dimension == 82 82 94 +[[image:image-20220718094750-3.png]] 95 + 96 + 97 + 98 +== 1.6 Pin Mapping == 99 + 100 +[[image:image-20220720111850-1.png]] 101 + 102 + 103 + 104 +== 1.7 Land Pattern == 105 + 106 +[[image:image-20220517072821-2.png]] 107 + 108 + 109 + 110 += 2. LA66 LoRaWAN Shield = 111 + 112 + 113 +== 2.1 Overview == 114 + 115 + 83 83 ((( 84 - Assume useralreadyinput theLA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter OTAA KeysinTTN andereisalreadyTTNnetworkcoverage.117 +[[image:image-20220715000826-2.png||height="145" width="220"]] 85 85 ))) 86 86 87 -(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Connect the LA66 USB LoRaWAN adapter to PC** 120 +((( 121 + 122 +))) 88 88 89 -[[image:image-20220723100027-1.png]] 124 +((( 125 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66 LoRaWAN Shield**(%%) is the Arduino shield base on LA66. Users can use LA66 LoRaWAN Shield to rapidly add LoRaWAN or peer-to-peer LoRa wireless function to Arduino projects. 126 +))) 90 90 128 +((( 129 +((( 130 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66**(%%) is a ready-to-use module that includes the (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN v1.0.3 protocol**(%%). The LoRaWAN stack used in LA66 is used in more than 1 million LoRaWAN End Devices deployed world widely. This mature LoRaWAN stack greatly reduces the risk to make stable LoRaWAN Sensors to support different LoRaWAN servers and different countries' standards. External MCU can use AT command to call LA66 and start to transmit data via the LoRaWAN protocol. 131 +))) 132 +))) 91 91 92 -Open the serial port tool 134 +((( 135 +((( 136 +Each LA66 module includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**world-unique OTAA key**(%%) for LoRaWAN registration. 137 +))) 138 +))) 93 93 94 -[[image:image-20220602161617-8.png]] 140 +((( 141 +((( 142 +Besides the support of the LoRaWAN protocol, LA66 also supports (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source peer-to-peer LoRa Protocol**(%%) for the none-LoRaWAN application. 143 +))) 144 +))) 95 95 146 +((( 147 +((( 148 +LA66 is equipped with (% style="color:blue" %)**TCXO crystal**(%%) which ensures the module can achieve stable performance in extreme temperatures. 149 +))) 150 +))) 96 96 97 -[[image:image-20220602161718-9.png||height="457" width="800"]] 98 98 99 99 100 - (% style="color:blue"%)**2.Press the reset switch RST on the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapterto resetit.**154 +== 2.2 Features == 101 101 102 -The following picture appears to prove that the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter successfully Join the LoRaWAN network 156 +* Arduino Shield base on LA66 LoRaWAN module 157 +* Support LoRaWAN v1.0.4 protocol 158 +* Support peer-to-peer protocol 159 +* TCXO crystal to ensure RF performance on low temperature 160 +* SMA connector 161 +* Available in different frequency LoRaWAN frequency bands. 162 +* World-wide unique OTAA keys. 163 +* AT Command via UART-TTL interface 164 +* Firmware upgradable via UART interface 165 +* Ultra-long RF range 103 103 104 - [[image:image-20220602161935-10.png||height="498" width="800"]]167 +== 2.3 Specification == 105 105 169 +* CPU: 32-bit 48 MHz 170 +* Flash: 256KB 171 +* RAM: 64KB 172 +* Input Power Range: 1.8v ~~ 3.7v 173 +* Power Consumption: < 4uA. 174 +* Frequency Range: 150 MHz ~~ 960 MHz 175 +* Maximum Power +22 dBm constant RF output 176 +* High sensitivity: -148 dBm 177 +* Temperature: 178 +** Storage: -55 ~~ +125℃ 179 +** Operating: -40 ~~ +85℃ 180 +* Humidity: 181 +** Storage: 5 ~~ 95% (Non-Condensing) 182 +** Operating: 10 ~~ 95% (Non-Condensing) 183 +* LoRa Tx Current: <90 mA at +17 dBm, 108 mA at +22 dBm 184 +* LoRa Rx current: <9 mA 185 +* I/O Voltage: 3.3v 106 106 107 - (% style="color:blue"%)**3.SeeUplink Command**187 +== 2.4 LED == 108 108 109 -Command format: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+SENDB=<confirn_status>,<Fport>,<data_len>,<data>** 110 110 111 -example: AT+SENDB=01,02,8,05820802581ea0a5 190 +~1. The LED lights up red when there is an upstream data packet 191 +2. When the network is successfully connected, the green light will be on for 5 seconds 192 +3. Purple light on when receiving downlink data packets 112 112 113 -[[image:image-20220602162157-11.png||height="497" width="800"]] 114 114 115 115 116 - (%style="color:blue"%)**4.Checktoseeif TTN receivedthemessage**196 +== 2.5 Example: Use AT Command to communicate with LA66 module via Arduino UNO. == 117 117 118 -[[image:image-20220817093644-1.png]] 119 119 199 +**Show connection diagram:** 120 120 121 -== 1.6 Example: How to join helium == 122 122 202 +[[image:image-20220723170210-2.png||height="908" width="681"]] 123 123 124 -(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Create a new device.** 125 125 126 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220907165500-1.png?width=940&height=464&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220907165500-1.png"]] 127 127 206 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. open Arduino IDE** 128 128 129 -(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Save the device after filling in the necessary information.** 130 130 131 -[[image: http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220907165837-2.png?width=809&height=375&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220907165837-2.png" height="375" width="809"]]209 +[[image:image-20220723170545-4.png]] 132 132 133 133 134 -(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Use AT commands.** 135 135 136 - [[image:image-20220909151441-1.jpeg||height="695" width="521"]]213 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Open project** 137 137 138 138 139 - (%style="color:blue" %)**4.Usethe serialtool**216 +LA66-LoRaWAN-shield-AT-command-via-Arduino-UNO source code link: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/cx0pspkwu62pr97/AAAbKh2ioPdZfSDtdDpooYqha?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/cx0pspkwu62pr97/AAAbKh2ioPdZfSDtdDpooYqha?dl=0]] 140 140 141 -[[image:image-20220909151517-2.png||height="543" width="708"]] 142 142 143 143 144 -(% style="color:blue" %)** 5.UsecommandAT+CFGtoget device configuration**220 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Click the button marked 1 in the figure to compile, and after the compilation is complete, click the button marked 2 in the figure to upload** 145 145 146 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220907170308-3.png?width=617&height=556&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220907170308-3.png" height="556" width="617"]] 147 147 148 148 149 -(% style="color:blue" %)** 6.Networksuccessfully.**224 +(% style="color:blue" %)**4. After the upload is successful, open the serial port monitoring and send the AT command** 150 150 151 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220907170436-4.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220907170436-4.png"]] 152 152 227 +[[image:image-20220723172235-7.png||height="480" width="1027"]] 153 153 154 -(% style="color:blue" %)**7. Send uplink using command** 155 155 156 -[[image:image-20220912085244-1.png]] 157 157 158 - [[image:image-20220912085307-2.png]]231 +== 2.6 Example: Join TTN network and send an uplink message, get downlink message. == 159 159 160 160 161 - [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220907170744-6.png?width=798&height=242&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220907170744-6.png"height="242" width="798"]]234 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Open project** 162 162 163 163 164 - ==1.7 Example:SendPC'sCPU/RAM usage toTTNviapython=237 +Join-TTN-network source code link: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/0sjyncafa0gjv00/AACC2m1orov-QHRkvH8-ddCka?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/0sjyncafa0gjv00/AACC2m1orov-QHRkvH8-ddCka?dl=0]] 165 165 166 166 167 - **Use python as an example:**[[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_WindosPC.py>>https://github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_WindosPC.py]]240 +[[image:image-20220723172502-8.png]] 168 168 169 -(**Raspberry Pi example: **[[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_Raspberry%20Pi.py>>https://github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_Raspberry%20Pi.py]]) 170 170 171 171 172 -(% style="color: red" %)**Preconditions:**244 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Same steps as 2.5,after opening the serial port monitoring, it will automatically connect to the network and send packets** 173 173 174 -(% style="color:red" %)**1. LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter works fine** 175 175 176 - (% style="color:red" %)**2.LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapteris registeredwithTTN**247 +[[image:image-20220723172938-9.png||height="652" width="1050"]] 177 177 178 178 179 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Steps for usage:** 180 180 181 - (%style="color:blue"%)**1.**(%%)Pressthe resetswitchRESET ontheLA66USB LoRaWANAdapter251 +== 2.7 Example: Log Temperature Sensor(DHT11) and send data to TTN, show it in Node-RED. == 182 182 183 -(% style="color:blue" %)**2.**(%%) Add [[decoder>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/LA66%20USB]] on TTN 184 184 185 -(% style="color:blue" %)** 3.**(%%)Runthepython scriptin PC and see the TTN254 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Open project** 186 186 187 187 188 - [[image:image-20220602115852-3.png||height="450"width="1187"]]257 +Log-Temperature-Sensor-and-send-data-to-TTN source code link: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/0aagmrpec1lxmva/AABMXWVMSHG9dK1_Zv_7xOmCa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/0aagmrpec1lxmva/AABMXWVMSHG9dK1_Zv_7xOmCa?dl=0]] 189 189 190 190 191 - == 1.8 Example:Send & Get Messages viaLoRaWANin RPi==260 +[[image:image-20220723173341-10.png||height="581" width="1014"]] 192 192 193 193 194 -Assume user already input the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter OTAA Keys in TTN and there is already TTN network coverage. 195 195 196 -(% style="color:blue" %)** 1.ConnecttheLA66USBLoRaWANAdapterto theRaspberryPi**264 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Same steps as 2.5,after opening the serial port monitoring, it will automatically connect to the network and send packets** 197 197 198 -[[image:image-20220723100439-2.png]] 199 199 267 +[[image:image-20220723173950-11.png||height="665" width="1012"]] 200 200 201 -(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Install Minicom in RPi.** 202 202 203 -(% id="cke_bm_509388S" style="display:none" %) (%%)Enter the following command in the RPi terminal 204 204 205 - background-color:yellow" %)**aptupdate**271 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Integration into Node-red via TTNV3** 206 206 207 - (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**aptinstall minicom**273 +For the usage of Node-RED, please refer to: [[http:~~/~~/8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/]] 208 208 209 - Useminicomto connect to the RPI's terminal275 +[[image:image-20220723175700-12.png||height="602" width="995"]] 210 210 211 -[[image:image-20220602153146-3.png||height="439" width="500"]] 212 212 213 213 214 - (% style="color:blue"%)**3.Presstheresetswitch RSTontheLA66USBLoRaWANAdapter.**279 +== 2.8 Upgrade Firmware of LA66 LoRaWAN Shield == 215 215 216 -The following picture appears to prove that the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter successfully entered the network. 217 217 218 - [[image:image-20220602154928-5.png||height="436"width="500"]]282 +=== 2.8.1 Items needed for update === 219 219 220 220 221 -(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Send Uplink message** 285 +1. LA66 LoRaWAN Shield 286 +1. Arduino 287 +1. USB TO TTL Adapter 222 222 223 - Format:(% style="color:#4472c4"%)**AT+SENDB=<confirn_status>,<Fport>,<data_len>,<data>**289 +[[image:image-20220602100052-2.png||height="385" width="600"]] 224 224 225 -example: AT+SENDB=01,02,8,05820802581ea0a5 226 226 227 - [[image:image-20220602160339-6.png||height="517" width="600"]]292 +=== 2.8.2 Connection === 228 228 229 229 230 - Check to seefTTN receivede message295 +[[image:image-20220602101311-3.png||height="276" width="600"]] 231 231 232 232 233 -[[image:image-20220602160627-7.png||height="369" width="800"]] 298 +((( 299 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66 LoRaWAN Shield**(%%) **<->** (% style="color:blue" %)**USB TTL** 300 +))) 234 234 302 +((( 303 +(% style="background-color:yellow" %)**GND <-> GND 304 +TXD <-> TXD 305 +RXD <-> RXD** 306 +))) 235 235 236 -== 1.9 Example: Use of LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter and mobile APP == 237 237 238 - ===1.9.1 Hardware andSoftwareConnection===309 +Put a jumper cap on JP6 of LA66 LoRaWAN Shield. ( the jumper is to power on LA66 module) 239 239 311 +Connect USB TTL Adapter to PC after connecting the wires 240 240 241 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Overview:**(%%) ==== 242 242 314 +[[image:image-20220602102240-4.png||height="304" width="600"]] 315 + 316 + 317 +=== 2.8.3 Upgrade steps === 318 + 319 + 320 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)1. Switch SW1 to put in ISP position(%%) ==== 321 + 322 + 323 +[[image:image-20220602102824-5.png||height="306" width="600"]] 324 + 325 + 326 + 327 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)2. Press the RST switch once(%%) ==== 328 + 329 + 330 +[[image:image-20220602104701-12.png||height="285" width="600"]] 331 + 332 + 333 + 334 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)3. Open the Upgrade tool (Tremo Programmer) in PC and Upgrade(%%) ==== 335 + 336 + 243 243 ((( 244 -DRAGINO-LA66-APP is an Open Source mobile APP for LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter. DRAGINO-LA66-APP has below features: 338 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Software download link: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Utility/LSN50N/>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Utility/LSN50N/]]** 339 +))) 245 245 246 -* Send real-time location information of mobile phone to LoRaWAN network. 247 -* Check LoRaWAN network signal strengh. 248 -* Manually send messages to LoRaWAN network. 341 + 342 +[[image:image-20220602103227-6.png]] 343 + 344 + 345 +[[image:image-20220602103357-7.png]] 346 + 347 + 348 + 349 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HSelecttheCOMportcorrespondingtoUSBTTL" %) 350 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Select the COM port corresponding to USB TTL** 351 + 352 + 353 +[[image:image-20220602103844-8.png]] 354 + 355 + 356 + 357 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HSelectthebinfiletoburn" %) 358 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Select the bin file to burn** 359 + 360 + 361 +[[image:image-20220602104144-9.png]] 362 + 363 + 364 +[[image:image-20220602104251-10.png]] 365 + 366 + 367 +[[image:image-20220602104402-11.png]] 368 + 369 + 370 + 371 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HClicktostartthedownload" %) 372 +(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Click to start the download** 373 + 374 +[[image:image-20220602104923-13.png]] 375 + 376 + 377 + 378 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HThefollowingfigureappearstoprovethattheburningisinprogress" %) 379 +(% style="color:blue" %)**5. Check update process** 380 + 381 + 382 +[[image:image-20220602104948-14.png]] 383 + 384 + 385 + 386 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HThefollowingpictureappearstoprovethattheburningissuccessful" %) 387 +(% style="color:blue" %)**The following picture shows that the burning is successful** 388 + 389 +[[image:image-20220602105251-15.png]] 390 + 391 + 392 + 393 += 3. LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter = 394 + 395 + 396 +== 3.1 Overview == 397 + 398 + 399 +[[image:image-20220715001142-3.png||height="145" width="220"]] 400 + 401 + 402 +((( 403 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter**(%%) is designed to fast turn USB devices to support LoRaWAN wireless features. It combines a CP2101 USB TTL Chip and LA66 LoRaWAN module which can easy to add LoRaWAN wireless feature to PC / Mobile phone or an embedded device that has USB Interface. 249 249 ))) 250 250 406 +((( 407 +(% style="color:blue" %)**LA66**(%%) is a ready-to-use module that includes the (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN v1.0.3 protocol**(%%). The LoRaWAN stack used in LA66 is used in more than 1 million LoRaWAN End Devices deployed world widely. This mature LoRaWAN stack greatly reduces the risk to make stable LoRaWAN Sensors to support different LoRaWAN servers and different countries' standards. External MCU can use AT command to call LA66 and start to transmit data via the LoRaWAN protocol. 408 +))) 251 251 410 +((( 411 +Each LA66 module includes a (% style="color:blue" %)**world-unique OTAA key**(%%) for LoRaWAN registration. 412 +))) 252 252 253 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Hardware Connection:**(%%) ==== 414 +((( 415 +Besides the support of the LoRaWAN protocol, LA66 also supports (% style="color:blue" %)**open-source peer-to-peer LoRa Protocol**(%%) for the none-LoRaWAN application. 416 +))) 254 254 255 -A USB to Type-C adapter is needed to connect to a Mobile phone. 418 +((( 419 +LA66 is equipped with (% style="color:blue" %)**TCXO crystal**(%%) which ensures the module can achieve stable performance in extreme temperatures. 420 +))) 256 256 257 -Note: The package of LA66 USB adapter already includes this USB Type-C adapter. 258 258 259 -[[image:image-20220813174353-2.png||height="360" width="313"]] 260 260 424 +== 3.2 Features == 261 261 262 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Download and Install App:**(%%) ==== 426 +* LoRaWAN USB adapter base on LA66 LoRaWAN module 427 +* Ultra-long RF range 428 +* Support LoRaWAN v1.0.4 protocol 429 +* Support peer-to-peer protocol 430 +* TCXO crystal to ensure RF performance on low temperature 431 +* Spring RF antenna 432 +* Available in different frequency LoRaWAN frequency bands. 433 +* World-wide unique OTAA keys. 434 +* AT Command via UART-TTL interface 435 +* Firmware upgradable via UART interface 436 +* Open Source Mobile App for LoRaWAN signal detect and GPS tracking. 263 263 264 - [[(% id="cke_bm_895007S" style="display:none"%)****(%%)**Download Linkfor Android apk **>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/zxwx16qb777uvkz/AABE_P8coGCQ4DAC8enH4bUya?dl=0]]. (Android VersionOnly)438 +== 3.3 Specification == 265 265 266 -[[image:image-20220813173738-1.png]] 440 +* CPU: 32-bit 48 MHz 441 +* Flash: 256KB 442 +* RAM: 64KB 443 +* Input Power Range: 5v 444 +* Frequency Range: 150 MHz ~~ 960 MHz 445 +* Maximum Power +22 dBm constant RF output 446 +* High sensitivity: -148 dBm 447 +* Temperature: 448 +** Storage: -55 ~~ +125℃ 449 +** Operating: -40 ~~ +85℃ 450 +* Humidity: 451 +** Storage: 5 ~~ 95% (Non-Condensing) 452 +** Operating: 10 ~~ 95% (Non-Condensing) 453 +* LoRa Tx Current: <90 mA at +17 dBm, 108 mA at +22 dBm 454 +* LoRa Rx current: <9 mA 267 267 456 +== 3.4 Pin Mapping & LED == 268 268 269 -==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Use of APP:**(%%) ==== 270 270 271 -Function and page introduction: 272 272 273 - [[image:image-20220723113448-7.png||height="995"width="450"]]460 +== 3.5 Example: Send & Get Messages via LoRaWAN in PC == 274 274 275 275 276 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Block Explain:** 463 +((( 464 +Assume user already input the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter OTAA Keys in TTN and there is already TTN network coverage. 465 +))) 277 277 278 -1. Display LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module connection status 279 279 280 - 2.Check andreconnect468 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Connect the LA66 USB LoRaWAN adapter to PC** 281 281 282 -3. Turn send timestamps on or off 283 283 284 - 4. Display LoRaWan connection status471 +[[image:image-20220723100027-1.png]] 285 285 286 -5. Check LoRaWan connection status 287 287 288 - 6.TheRSSI valueofthenode whenthe ACK is received474 +Open the serial port tool 289 289 290 - 7. Node's Signal Strength Icon476 +[[image:image-20220602161617-8.png]] 291 291 292 -8. ConfigureLocationUplink Interval478 +[[image:image-20220602161718-9.png||height="457" width="800"]] 293 293 294 -9. AT command input box 295 295 296 -10. Send Button: Send input box info to LA66 USB Adapter 297 297 298 - 11.OutputLogfromLA66 USB adapter482 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Press the reset switch RST on the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter to reset it.** 299 299 300 - 12.clearlogbutton484 +The following picture appears to prove that the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter successfully Join the LoRaWAN network 301 301 302 -13. exit button 303 303 487 +[[image:image-20220602161935-10.png||height="498" width="800"]] 304 304 305 -LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module not connected: 306 306 307 -[[image:image-20220723110520-5.png||height="677" width="508"]] 308 308 491 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3. See Uplink Command** 309 309 310 -Con nectLA66USBLoRaWAN Module:493 +Command format: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+SENDB=<confirn_status>,<Fport>,<data_len>,<data>** 311 311 312 - [[image:image-20220723110626-6.png||height="681" width="511"]]495 +example: AT+SENDB=01,02,8,05820802581ea0a5 313 313 497 +[[image:image-20220602162157-11.png||height="497" width="800"]] 314 314 315 -=== 1.9.2 Send data to TTNv3 and plot location info in Node-Red === 316 316 317 317 318 -(% style="color:blue" %)** 1.RegisterLA66USB LoRaWANModule toTTNV3**501 +(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Check to see if TTN received the message** 319 319 503 +[[image:image-20220602162331-12.png||height="420" width="800"]] 320 320 321 -[[image:image-20220723134549-8.png]] 322 322 323 323 507 +== 3.6 Example: Send PC's CPU/RAM usage to TTN via python == 324 324 325 -(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Open Node-RED,And import the JSON file to generate the flow** 326 326 510 +**Use python as an example:**[[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_WindosPC.py>>https://github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_WindosPC.py]] 327 327 328 - SampleJSON fileasego to**[[thislink>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/zxwx16qb777uvkz/AABE_P8coGCQ4DAC8enH4bUya?dl=0]]**todownload.512 +(**Raspberry Pi example: **[[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_Raspberry%20Pi.py>>https://github.com/dragino/LA66/blob/main/Send_information_to_TTN_Raspberry%20Pi.py]]) 329 329 330 - Fortheusageof Node-RED, please refer to:[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/]]514 +(% style="color:red" %)**Preconditions:** 331 331 332 - Aftersee LoRaWAN Online, walk aroundandtheAPPwillkeep sending location info toLoRaWANserver andhentotheNode Red.516 +(% style="color:red" %)**1. LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter works fine** 333 333 334 - LA66~-~-node-red~-~-decoder:[[dragino-end-node-decoder/Node-REDatmain·dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder· GitHub>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/Node-RED]]518 +(% style="color:red" %)**2. LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter is registered with TTN** 335 335 336 336 337 -Example output in NodeRed is as below: 338 338 339 - [[image:image-20220723144339-1.png]]522 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Steps for usage:** 340 340 524 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1.**(%%) Press the reset switch RESET on the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter 341 341 342 -= =1.10UpgradeFirmware ofLA66USBLoRaWANAdapter==526 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2.**(%%) Run the python script in PC and see the TTN 343 343 344 - === 1.10.1 LA66V1Updatemethod===528 +[[image:image-20220602115852-3.png||height="450" width="1187"]] 345 345 346 -The LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter is the same as the LA66 LoRaWAN Shield update method. 347 347 348 -Just use the yellow jumper cap to short the BOOT corner and the RX corner, and then press the RESET button (without the jumper cap, you can directly short the BOOT corner and the RX corner with a wire to achieve the same effect). 349 349 350 - (%style="color:red"%)**Notice:If upgrade viaUSBhubisnotsucessful. try to connect toPC directly.**532 +== 3.7 Example: Send & Get Messages via LoRaWAN in RPi == 351 351 352 -[[image:image-20220723150132-2.png]] 353 353 535 +Assume user already input the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter OTAA Keys in TTN and there is already TTN network coverage. 354 354 355 -=== (% style="color:blue" %)**Open the Upgrade tool (Tremo Programmer) in PC and Upgrade** (%%) === 356 356 538 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Connect the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter to the Raspberry Pi** 357 357 358 - **1. Software download link:[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/j0qyc7a9ejit7jk/AACtx2tK4gEv6YFXMIVUM4dLa?dl=0>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/j0qyc7a9ejit7jk/AACtx2tK4gEv6YFXMIVUM4dLa?dl=0]]**540 +[[image:image-20220723100439-2.png]] 359 359 360 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602103227-6.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602103227-6.png"]] 361 361 362 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602103357-7.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602103357-7.png"]] 363 363 544 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Install Minicom in RPi.** 364 364 365 - **2.Select theCOM portcorrespondingtoUSBTTL**546 +(% id="cke_bm_509388S" style="display:none" %) (%%)Enter the following command in the RPi terminal 366 366 367 - [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602103844-8.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602103844-8.png"]]548 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**apt update** 368 368 550 + (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**apt install minicom** 369 369 370 -**3. Select the bin file to burn** 371 371 372 - [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602104144-9.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602104144-9.png"]]553 +Use minicom to connect to the RPI's terminal 373 373 374 -[[image: http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602104251-10.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602104251-10.png"]]555 +[[image:image-20220602153146-3.png||height="439" width="500"]] 375 375 376 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602104402-11.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602104402-11.png"]] 377 377 378 378 379 -** 4.Clicktostart thedownload**559 +(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Press the reset switch RST on the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter.** 380 380 381 - [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602104923-13.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602104923-13.png"]]561 +The following picture appears to prove that the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter successfully entered the network. 382 382 383 383 384 - **5.Checkupdate process**564 +[[image:image-20220602154928-5.png||height="436" width="500"]] 385 385 386 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602104948-14.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602104948-14.png"]] 387 387 388 388 389 - **Thefollowing pictureshowsthat theburningis successful**568 +(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Send Uplink message** 390 390 391 - [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LA66%20LoRaWAN%20Shield%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220602105251-15.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220602105251-15.png"]]570 +Format: (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+SENDB=<confirn_status>,<Fport>,<data_len>,<data>** 392 392 393 - =2. FAQ=572 +example: AT+SENDB=01,02,8,05820802581ea0a5 394 394 395 -== 2.1 How to Compile Source Code for LA66? == 396 396 575 +[[image:image-20220602160339-6.png||height="517" width="600"]] 397 397 398 -Compile and Upload Code to ASR6601 Platform :[[Instruction>>Main.User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes.LA66 LoRaWAN Module.Compile and Upload Code to ASR6601 Platform.WebHome]] 399 399 400 400 401 - == 2.2 WheretofindPeer-to-Peerfirmwareof LA66? ==579 +Check to see if TTN received the message 402 402 581 +[[image:image-20220602160627-7.png||height="369" width="800"]] 403 403 404 -Instruction for LA66 Peer to Peer firmware :[[ Instruction >>doc:Main.User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes.LA66 LoRaWAN Shield User Manual.Instruction for LA66 Peer to Peer firmware.WebHome]] 405 405 406 406 407 -== 2.3Mydevicekeepsshowinginvalidcredentials,the devicegoesintolowpowermode==585 +== 3.8 Example: Use of LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter and APP sample process and DRAGINO-LA66-APP. == 408 408 409 409 410 - SettheAT+COMMAND:(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+UUID=666666666666**588 +=== 3.8.1 DRAGINO-LA66-APP === 411 411 412 412 413 - == 2.4 How to use external antenna viaipex connector? ==591 +[[image:image-20220723102027-3.png]] 414 414 415 415 416 -You need to remove the spring antenna first, and also remove the resistor and capacitor. 417 -Connect external antenna. 418 418 419 - [[image:image-20231129155939-1.png||height="529"width="397"]]595 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Overview:**(%%) ==== 420 420 421 421 422 - =3.Order Info=598 +DRAGINO-LA66-APP is a mobile APP for LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter and APP sample process. DRAGINO-LA66-APP can obtain the positioning information of the mobile phone and send it to the LoRaWAN platform through the LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter. 423 423 600 +View the communication signal strength between the node and the gateway through the RSSI value(DRAGINO-LA66-APP currently only supports Android system) 424 424 425 -**Part Number:** (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66-USB-LoRaWAN-Adapter-XXX** 426 426 427 427 428 -(% style="color:blue" %)** XXX**(%%):The default frequency band604 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Conditions of Use:**(%%) ==== 429 429 430 -* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band 431 -* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band 432 -* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band 433 -* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band 434 -* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band 435 -* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band 436 -* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band 437 -* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band 438 -* (% style="color:red" %)**PP**(%%): Peer to Peer LoRa Protocol 439 439 440 - = 4.Reference=607 +Requires a type-c to USB adapter 441 441 609 +[[image:image-20220723104754-4.png]] 442 442 443 -* Hardware Design File for LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter : [[Download>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/a3wbmdcvqjxaqw5/AADZfvAiykJTK624RgMquH86a?dl=0]] 444 -* Mobile Phone App Source Code: [[Download>>https://github.com/dragino/LA66_Mobile_App]]. 445 445 446 -= 5. FCC Statement = 447 447 613 +==== (% style="color:blue" %)**Use of APP:**(%%) ==== 448 448 449 -(% style="color:red" %)**FCC Caution:** 450 450 451 - Any Changes or modificationsnot expresslyapprovedby theparty responsiblefor compliance couldvoid theuser's authority tooperate the equipment.616 +Function and page introduction 452 452 453 - This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the followingtwo conditions:(1) This devicemay not causeharmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, includinginterference thatmay cause undesiredoperation.618 +[[image:image-20220723113448-7.png||height="1481" width="670"]] 454 454 620 +1.Display LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module connection status 455 455 456 - (%style="color:red" %)**IMPORTANT NOTE: **622 +2.Check and reconnect 457 457 458 - (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**(%%) This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules.hese limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interferencein a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses andcan radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,may causeharmful interference to radio communications. However,there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the useris encouraged to try to correct the interferencebyone ormore ofthefollowing measures:624 +3.Turn send timestamps on or off 459 459 460 - —Reorientor relocatethe receivingantenna.626 +4.Display LoRaWan connection status 461 461 462 - —Increase theseparationbetweenthe equipment and receiver.628 +5.Check LoRaWan connection status 463 463 464 - —Connect theequipmentintoan outleton a circuit differentfromthatto whichthereceiverisconnected.630 +6.The RSSI value of the node when the ACK is received 465 465 466 - —Consult thedealeror an experienced radio/TVtechnicianfor help.632 +7.Node's Signal Strength Icon 467 467 634 +8.Set the packet sending interval of the node in seconds 468 468 469 - (%style="color:red" %)**FCC RadiationExposure Statement:**636 +9.AT command input box 470 470 471 - Thisequipment complies with FCC radiationexposurelimits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.This equipment should be installed andoperated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator& your body.638 +10.Send AT command button 472 472 473 - 640 +11.Node log box 641 + 642 +12.clear log button 643 + 644 +13.exit button 645 + 646 + 647 +LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module not connected 648 + 649 +[[image:image-20220723110520-5.png||height="903" width="677"]] 650 + 651 + 652 + 653 +Connect LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module 654 + 655 +[[image:image-20220723110626-6.png||height="906" width="680"]] 656 + 657 + 658 + 659 +=== 3.8.2 Use DRAGINO-LA66-APP to obtain positioning information and send it to TTNV3 through LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter and integrate it into Node-RED === 660 + 661 + 662 +(% style="color:blue" %)**1. Register LA66 USB LoRaWAN Module to TTNV3** 663 + 664 +[[image:image-20220723134549-8.png]] 665 + 666 + 667 + 668 +(% style="color:blue" %)**2. Open Node-RED,And import the JSON file to generate the flow** 669 + 670 +Sample JSON file please go to this link to download:放置JSON文件的链接 671 + 672 +For the usage of Node-RED, please refer to: [[http:~~/~~/8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Node-RED/]] 673 + 674 +The following is the positioning effect map 675 + 676 +[[image:image-20220723144339-1.png]] 677 + 678 + 679 + 680 +== 3.9 Upgrade Firmware of LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter == 681 + 682 + 683 +The LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter is the same as the LA66 LoRaWAN Shield update method 684 + 685 +Just use the yellow jumper cap to short the BOOT corner and the RX corner, and then press the RESET button (without the jumper cap, you can directly short the BOOT corner and the RX corner with a wire to achieve the same effect) 686 + 687 +[[image:image-20220723150132-2.png]] 688 + 689 + 690 + 691 += 4. Order Info = 692 + 693 + 694 +**Part Number:** (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66-XXX**(%%), (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66-LoRaWAN-Shield-XXX** (%%) **or** (% style="color:blue" %)**LA66-USB-LoRaWAN-Adapter-XXX** 695 + 696 + 697 +(% style="color:blue" %)**XXX**(%%): The default frequency band 698 + 699 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band 700 +* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band 701 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band 702 +* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band 703 +* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band 704 +* (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band 705 +* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%): LoRaWAN IN865 band 706 +* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band 707 +* (% style="color:red" %)**PP**(%%): Peer to Peer LoRa Protocol 708 + 709 + 710 + 711 += 5. Reference = 712 + 713 + 714 +* Hardware Design File for LA66 LoRaWAN Shield, LA66 USB LoRaWAN Adapter : [[Download>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/a3wbmdcvqjxaqw5/AADZfvAiykJTK624RgMquH86a?dl=0]]
- image-20220726135239-1.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -91.4 KB - Content
- image-20220726135356-2.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -45.6 KB - Content
- image-20220813173738-1.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -13.2 KB - Content
- image-20220813174353-2.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -189.1 KB - Content
- image-20220813183239-3.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -642.4 KB - Content
- image-20220814101457-1.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -913.4 KB - Content
- image-20220817084245-1.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -317.6 KB - Content
- image-20220817084532-1.jpeg
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -174.9 KB - Content
- image-20220817093644-1.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -217.0 KB - Content
- image-20220909151441-1.jpeg
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Bei - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -152.4 KB - Content
- image-20220909151517-2.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Bei - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -64.3 KB - Content
- image-20220912085244-1.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1.7 KB - Content
- image-20220912085307-2.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Xiaoling - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -16.7 KB - Content
- image-20231129155939-1.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Bei - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -4.6 MB - Content
- image-20240101111021-1.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Edwin - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -11.2 KB - Content
- image-20240101111030-2.png
-
- Author
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -XWiki.Edwin - Size
-
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -11.2 KB - Content