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Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2023/12/14 11:15
From version 90.6
edited by Xiaoling
on 2023/07/15 15:36
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 82.14
edited by Xiaoling
on 2023/06/14 17:09
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

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Content
... ... @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
35 35  
36 36  Each LDS12-LB is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
37 37  
38 -[[image:image-20230615152941-1.png||height="459" width="800"]]
38 +[[image:image-20230614162334-2.png||height="468" width="800"]]
39 39  
40 40  
41 41  == 1.2 ​Features ==
... ... @@ -158,6 +158,7 @@
158 158  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/WL03A-LB_LoRaWAN_None-Position_Rope_Type_Water_Leak_Controller_User_Manual/WebHome/image-20230613144156-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20230613144156-1.png"]]
159 159  
160 160  
161 +
161 161  == 1.9 Mechanical ==
162 162  
163 163  
... ... @@ -173,6 +173,7 @@
173 173  (% style="color:blue" %)**Probe Mechanical:**
174 174  
175 175  
177 +
176 176  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLDS12-LoRaWAN%20LiDAR%20ToF%20Distance%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1654827224480-952.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654827224480-952.png"]]
177 177  
178 178  
... ... @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@
192 192  
193 193  The LPS8v2 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
194 194  
195 -[[image:image-20230615153004-2.png||height="459" width="800"]](% style="display:none" %)
197 +[[image:image-20230614162359-3.png||height="468" width="800"]](% style="display:none" %)
196 196  
197 197  
198 198  (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1:**(%%) Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LDS12-LB.
... ... @@ -239,75 +239,6 @@
239 239  == 2.3 ​Uplink Payload ==
240 240  
241 241  
242 -=== 2.3.1 Device Status, FPORT~=5 ===
243 -
244 -
245 -Users can use the downlink command(**0x26 01**) to ask LDS12-LB to send device configure detail, include device configure status. LDS12-LB will uplink a payload via FPort=5 to server.
246 -
247 -The Payload format is as below.
248 -
249 -(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
250 -|=(% style="width: 62.5px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((
251 -**Size(bytes)**
252 -)))|=(% style="width: 110px; background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white;" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 48px; background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white;" %)**2**|=(% style="background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white; width: 94px;" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white; width: 91px;" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white; width: 60px;" %)**2**
253 -|(% style="width:62.5px" %)Value|(% style="width:110px" %)Sensor Model|(% style="width:48px" %)Firmware Version|(% style="width:94px" %)Frequency Band|(% style="width:91px" %)Sub-band|(% style="width:60px" %)BAT
254 -
255 -Example parse in TTNv3
256 -
257 -**Sensor Model**: For LDS12-LB, this value is 0x24
258 -
259 -**Firmware Version**: 0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version
260 -
261 -**Frequency Band**:
262 -
263 -0x01: EU868
264 -
265 -0x02: US915
266 -
267 -0x03: IN865
268 -
269 -0x04: AU915
270 -
271 -0x05: KZ865
272 -
273 -0x06: RU864
274 -
275 -0x07: AS923
276 -
277 -0x08: AS923-1
278 -
279 -0x09: AS923-2
280 -
281 -0x0a: AS923-3
282 -
283 -0x0b: CN470
284 -
285 -0x0c: EU433
286 -
287 -0x0d: KR920
288 -
289 -0x0e: MA869
290 -
291 -**Sub-Band**:
292 -
293 -AU915 and US915:value 0x00 ~~ 0x08
294 -
295 -CN470: value 0x0B ~~ 0x0C
296 -
297 -Other Bands: Always 0x00
298 -
299 -**Battery Info**:
300 -
301 -Check the battery voltage.
302 -
303 -Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
304 -
305 -Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
306 -
307 -
308 -=== 2.3.2 Uplink Payload, FPORT~=2 ===
309 -
310 -
311 311  (((
312 312  LDS12-LB will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 
313 313  )))
... ... @@ -316,23 +316,23 @@
316 316  Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
317 317  )))
318 318  
319 -(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:670px" %)
252 +
253 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
320 320  |=(% style="width: 62.5px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((
321 321  **Size(bytes)**
322 -)))|=(% style="width: 62.5px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 62.5px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white; width: 122px;" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white; width: 54px;" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color: rgb(79, 129, 189); color: white; width: 96px;" %)**1**
323 -|(% style="width:62.5px" %)Value|(% style="width:62.5px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="HBatteryInfo"]]|(% style="width:62.5px" %)(((
324 -[[Temperature DS18B20>>||anchor="HDS18B20Temperaturesensor"]]
325 -)))|[[Distance>>||anchor="HDistance"]]|[[Distance signal strength>>||anchor="HDistancesignalstrength"]]|(% style="width:122px" %)(((
326 -[[Interrupt flag>>||anchor="HInterruptPin26A0InterruptLevel"]]&
327 -[[Interrupt_level||anchor="HInterruptPin26A0InterruptLevel">>]]
328 -)))|(% style="width:54px" %)[[LiDAR temp>>||anchor="HLiDARtemp"]]|(% style="width:96px" %)(((
329 -[[Message Type>>||anchor="HMessageType"]]
256 +)))|=(% style="width: 62.5px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 62.5px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**
257 +|(% style="width:62.5px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:62.5px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.1BatteryInfo"]]|(% style="width:62.5px" %)(((
258 +[[Temperature DS18B20>>||anchor="H2.3.2DS18B20Temperaturesensor"]]
259 +)))|[[Distance>>||anchor="H2.3.3Distance"]]|[[Distance signal strength>>||anchor="H2.3.4Distancesignalstrength"]]|(((
260 +[[Interrupt flag>>||anchor="H2.3.5InterruptPin"]]
261 +)))|[[LiDAR temp>>||anchor="H2.3.6LiDARtemp"]]|(((
262 +[[Message Type>>||anchor="H2.3.7MessageType"]]
330 330  )))
331 331  
332 332  [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLDS12-LoRaWAN%20LiDAR%20ToF%20Distance%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1654833689380-972.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654833689380-972.png"]]
333 333  
334 334  
335 -====(% style="color:blue" %)**Battery Info** ====
268 +=== 2.3.1 Battery Info ===
336 336  
337 337  
338 338  Check the battery voltage for LDS12-LB.
... ... @@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
342 342  Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
343 343  
344 344  
345 -====(% style="color:blue" %)**DS18B20 Temperature sensor** ====
278 +=== 2.3.2 DS18B20 Temperature sensor ===
346 346  
347 347  
348 348  This is optional, user can connect external DS18B20 sensor to the +3.3v, 1-wire and GND pin . and this field will report temperature.
... ... @@ -355,7 +355,7 @@
355 355  If payload is: FF3FH :  (FF3F & FC00 == 1) , temp = (FF3FH - 65536)/10 = -19.3 degrees.
356 356  
357 357  
358 -====(% style="color:blue" %)**Distance** ====
291 +=== 2.3.3 Distance ===
359 359  
360 360  
361 361  Represents the distance value of the measurement output, the default unit is cm, and the value range parsed as a decimal number is 0-1200. In actual use, when the signal strength value Strength.
... ... @@ -366,7 +366,7 @@
366 366  If the data you get from the register is 0x0B 0xEA, the distance between the sensor and the measured object is 0BEA(H) = 3050 (D)/10 = 305cm.
367 367  
368 368  
369 -====(% style="color:blue" %)**Distance signal strength** ====
302 +=== 2.3.4 Distance signal strength ===
370 370  
371 371  
372 372  Refers to the signal strength, the default output value will be between 0-65535. When the distance measurement gear is fixed, the farther the distance measurement is, the lower the signal strength; the lower the target reflectivity, the lower the signal strength. When Strength is greater than 100 and not equal to 65535, the measured value of Dist is considered credible.
... ... @@ -379,7 +379,7 @@
379 379  Customers can judge whether they need to adjust the environment based on the signal strength.
380 380  
381 381  
382 -====(% style="color:blue" %)**Interrupt Pin & Interrupt Level** ====
315 +=== 2.3.5 Interrupt Pin ===
383 383  
384 384  
385 385  This data field shows if this packet is generated by interrupt or not. [[Click here>>||anchor="H3.3.2SetInterruptMode"]] for the hardware and software set up.
... ... @@ -393,7 +393,7 @@
393 393  0x01: Interrupt Uplink Packet.
394 394  
395 395  
396 -====(% style="color:blue" %)**LiDAR temp** ====
329 +=== 2.3.6 LiDAR temp ===
397 397  
398 398  
399 399  Characterize the internal temperature value of the sensor.
... ... @@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
403 403  If payload is: F2(H) <<24>>24=-14(D),LiDAR temp=-14℃.
404 404  
405 405  
406 -====(% style="color:blue" %)**Message Type** ====
339 +=== 2.3.7 Message Type ===
407 407  
408 408  
409 409  (((
... ... @@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
421 421  
422 422  
423 423  
424 -=== 2.3.3 Decode payload in The Things Network ===
357 +=== 2.3.8 Decode payload in The Things Network ===
425 425  
426 426  
427 427  While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
... ... @@ -571,15 +571,16 @@
571 571  
572 572  The LiDAR probe is based on TOF, namely, Time of Flight principle. To be specific, the product emits modulation wave of near infrared ray on a periodic basis, which will be reflected after contacting object. The product obtains the time of flight by measuring round-trip phase difference and then calculates relative range between the product and the detection object, as shown below.
573 573  
574 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLDS12-LoRaWAN%20LiDAR%20ToF%20Distance%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1654831757579-263.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654831757579-263.png"]]
575 575  
508 +[[image:1654831757579-263.png]]
576 576  
510 +
577 577  === 2.8.2 Distance Measurement Characteristics ===
578 578  
579 579  
580 580  With optimization of light path and algorithm, The LiDAR probe has minimized influence from external environment on distance measurement performance. Despite that, the range of distance measurement may still be affected by the environment illumination intensity and the reflectivity of detection object. As shown in below:
581 581  
582 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLDS12-LoRaWAN%20LiDAR%20ToF%20Distance%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1654831774373-275.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654831774373-275.png"]]
516 +[[image:1654831774373-275.png]]
583 583  
584 584  
585 585  (((
... ... @@ -599,20 +599,23 @@
599 599  Vertical Coordinates: Represents the radius of light spot for The LiDAR probe at different distances. The diameter of light spot depends on the FOV of The LiDAR probe (the term of FOV generally refers to the smaller value between the receiving angle and the transmitting angle), which is calculated as follows:
600 600  )))
601 601  
602 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLDS12-LoRaWAN%20LiDAR%20ToF%20Distance%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1654831797521-720.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654831797521-720.png"]]
603 603  
537 +[[image:1654831797521-720.png]]
538 +
539 +
604 604  (((
605 605  In the formula above, d is the diameter of light spot; D is detecting range; β is the value of the receiving angle of The LiDAR probe, 3.6°. Correspondence between the diameter of light spot and detecting range is given in Table below.
606 606  )))
607 607  
608 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LLDS12-LoRaWAN%20LiDAR%20ToF%20Distance%20Sensor%20User%20Manual/WebHome/1654831810009-716.png?rev=1.1||alt="1654831810009-716.png"]]
544 +[[image:1654831810009-716.png]]
609 609  
546 +
610 610  (((
611 611  If the light spot reaches two objects with different distances, as shown in Figure 3, the output distance value will be a value between the actual distance values of the two objects. For a high accuracy requirement in practice, the above situation should be noticed to avoid the measurement error.
612 612  )))
613 613  
614 614  
615 -=== 2.8.3 Notice of usage ===
552 +=== 2.8.3 Notice of usage: ===
616 616  
617 617  
618 618  Possible invalid /wrong reading for LiDAR ToF tech:
... ... @@ -626,7 +626,7 @@
626 626  
627 627  
628 628  (% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:379px" %)
629 -|=(% style="width: 54px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Item|=(% style="width: 231px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Material|=(% style="width: 94px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Relectivity
566 +|=(% style="width: 54px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)Item|=(% style="width: 231px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)Material|=(% style="width: 94px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)Relectivity
630 630  |(% style="width:53px" %)1|(% style="width:229px" %)Black foam rubber|(% style="width:93px" %)2.4%
631 631  |(% style="width:53px" %)2|(% style="width:229px" %)Black fabric|(% style="width:93px" %)3%
632 632  |(% style="width:53px" %)3|(% style="width:229px" %)Black rubber|(% style="width:93px" %)4%
... ... @@ -693,7 +693,7 @@
693 693  )))
694 694  
695 695  (% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
696 -|=(% style="width: 156px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 137px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**
633 +|=(% style="width: 156px;background-color:#D9E2F3; color:#0070c0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 137px;background-color:#D9E2F3; color:#0070c0" %)**Function**|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3; color:#0070c0" %)**Response**
697 697  |(% style="width:156px" %)AT+TDC=?|(% style="width:137px" %)Show current transmit Interval|(((
698 698  30000
699 699  OK
... ... @@ -721,9 +721,6 @@
721 721  )))
722 722  * (((
723 723  Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C  ~/~/ Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds 
724 -
725 -
726 -
727 727  )))
728 728  
729 729  === 3.3.2 Set Interrupt Mode ===
... ... @@ -736,7 +736,7 @@
736 736  (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+INTMOD**
737 737  
738 738  (% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
739 -|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 197px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 158px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**
673 +|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 197px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 158px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
740 740  |(% style="width:154px" %)AT+INTMOD=?|(% style="width:196px" %)Show current interrupt mode|(% style="width:157px" %)(((
741 741  0
742 742  OK
... ... @@ -760,33 +760,86 @@
760 760  
761 761  * Example 2: Downlink Payload: 06000003  ~/~/  Set the interrupt mode to rising edge trigger
762 762  
763 -=== 3.3.3  Set Power Output Duration ===
764 764  
765 -Control the output duration 3V3 . Before each sampling, device will
698 +=== 3.3.3 Get Firmware Version Info ===
766 766  
767 -~1. first enable the power output to external sensor,
768 768  
769 -2. keep it on as per duration, read sensor value and construct uplink payload
701 +Feature: use downlink to get firmware version.
770 770  
771 -3. final, close the power output.
703 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Command: 0x26**
772 772  
773 -(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: AT+3V3T**
705 +(% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:492px" %)
706 +|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:191px" %)**Downlink Control Type**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:57px" %)**FPort**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:91px" %)**Type Code**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:153px" %)**Downlink payload size(bytes)**
707 +|(% style="width:191px" %)Get Firmware Version Info|(% style="width:57px" %)Any|(% style="width:91px" %)26|(% style="width:151px" %)2
774 774  
775 -(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
776 -|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 197px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 158px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Response**
777 -|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=?|(% style="width:196px" %)Show 3V3 open time.|(% style="width:157px" %)0 (default)
778 -OK
779 -|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=1000|(% style="width:196px" %)Close after a delay of 1000 milliseconds.|(% style="width:157px" %)OK
780 -|(% style="width:154px" %)AT+3V3T=0|(% style="width:196px" %)Always turn on the power supply of 3V3 pin.|(% style="width:157px" %)OK
709 +* Reply to the confirmation package: 26 01
710 +* Reply to non-confirmed packet: 26 00
781 781  
782 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command: 0x07**(%%)
783 -Format: Command Code (0x07) followed by 3 bytes.
712 +Device will send an uplink after got this downlink command. With below payload:
784 784  
785 -The first byte is 01,the second and third bytes are the time to turn on.
714 +Configures info payload:
786 786  
787 -* Example 1: Downlink Payload: 07 01 00 00  **~-~-->**  AT+3V3T=0
788 -* Example 2: Downlink Payload: 07 01 01 F4  **~-~-->**  AT+3V3T=500
716 +(% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
717 +|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)(((
718 +**Size(bytes)**
719 +)))|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**1**|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**5**|=(% style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**1**
720 +|**Value**|Software Type|(((
721 +Frequency
722 +Band
723 +)))|Sub-band|(((
724 +Firmware
725 +Version
726 +)))|Sensor Type|Reserve|(((
727 +[[Message Type>>||anchor="H2.3.7A0MessageType"]]
728 +Always 0x02
729 +)))
789 789  
731 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Software Type**(%%): Always 0x03 for LLDS12
732 +
733 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band**:
734 +
735 +*0x01: EU868
736 +
737 +*0x02: US915
738 +
739 +*0x03: IN865
740 +
741 +*0x04: AU915
742 +
743 +*0x05: KZ865
744 +
745 +*0x06: RU864
746 +
747 +*0x07: AS923
748 +
749 +*0x08: AS923-1
750 +
751 +*0x09: AS923-2
752 +
753 +*0xa0: AS923-3
754 +
755 +
756 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Sub-Band**(%%): value 0x00 ~~ 0x08
757 +
758 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Firmware Version**(%%): 0x0100, Means: v1.0.0 version
759 +
760 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Type**:
761 +
762 +0x01: LSE01
763 +
764 +0x02: LDDS75
765 +
766 +0x03: LDDS20
767 +
768 +0x04: LLMS01
769 +
770 +0x05: LSPH01
771 +
772 +0x06: LSNPK01
773 +
774 +0x07: LLDS12
775 +
776 +
790 790  = 4. Battery & Power Consumption =
791 791  
792 792  
... ... @@ -807,7 +807,7 @@
807 807  
808 808  * Fix bugs.
809 809  
810 -Firmware and changelog can be downloaded from : **[[Firmware download link>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/w1p7ukjrx49e62r/AAB3uCNCt-koYUvMkZUPBRSca?dl=0]]**
797 +Firmware and changelog can be downloaded from : **[[Firmware download link>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/ph4uyz0rchflrnw/AADr1f_5Sg30804NItpfOQbla?dl=0]]**
811 811  
812 812  Methods to Update Firmware:
813 813  
... ... @@ -835,11 +835,11 @@
835 835  
836 836  
837 837  (((
838 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Cause ①**(%%)**：**Due to the physical principles of The LiDAR probe, the above phenomenon is likely to occur if the detection object is the material with high reflectivity (such as mirror, smooth floor tile, etc.) or transparent substance. (such as glass and water, etc.)
825 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Cause ①**(%%)**：**Due to the physical principles of The LiDAR probe, the above phenomenon is likely to occur if the detection object is the material with high reflectivity (such as mirror, smooth floor tile, etc.) or transparent substance (such as glass and water, etc.)
839 839  )))
840 840  
841 841  (((
842 -(% style="color:red" %)**Troubleshooting**(%%): Please avoid use of this product under such circumstance in practice.
829 +Troubleshooting: Please avoid use of this product under such circumstance in practice.
843 843  )))
844 844  
845 845  
... ... @@ -848,7 +848,7 @@
848 848  )))
849 849  
850 850  (((
851 -(% style="color:red" %)**Troubleshooting**(%%): please use dry dust-free cloth to gently remove the foreign matter.
838 +Troubleshooting: please use dry dust-free cloth to gently remove the foreign matter.
852 852  )))
853 853  
854 854  
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