Last modified by Mengting Qiu on 2025/01/10 09:53
<
From version < 9.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2023/06/09 09:30
To version < 31.1 >
edited by Saxer Lin
on 2023/07/01 09:43
>
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Summary

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Author
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1 -XWiki.Xiaoling
1 +XWiki.Saxer
Content
... ... @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
140 140  == 1.7 BLE connection ==
141 141  
142 142  
143 -D2x-LB support BLE remote configure.
143 +DS03A-LB support BLE remote configure.
144 144  
145 145  
146 146  BLE can be used to configure the parameter of sensor or see the console output from sensor. BLE will be only activate on below case:
... ... @@ -152,9 +152,13 @@
152 152  If there is no activity connection on BLE in 60 seconds, sensor will shut down BLE module to enter low power mode.
153 153  
154 154  
155 -== 1.8 Mechanical ==
155 +== 1.8 Pin Definitions ==
156 156  
157 +[[image:image-20230630160843-7.png]]
157 157  
159 +== 1.9 Mechanical ==
160 +
161 +
158 158  [[image:Main.User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes.LDS03A - Outdoor LoRaWAN OpenClose Door Sensor Manual.WebHome@1654741444887-479.png||height="399" width="513"]]
159 159  
160 160  
... ... @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
172 172  == 2.1 How it works ==
173 173  
174 174  
175 -The DS03A-LB is configured as (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRaWAN OTAA Class A**(%%) mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and press the button to activate the DS03A-LB. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value. The default uplink interval is 20 minutes.
179 +The DS03A-LB is configured as (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRaWAN OTAA Class A**(%%) mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and press the button to activate the DS03A-LB. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value. The default uplink interval is 2 hours.
176 176  
177 177  
178 178  == 2.2 ​Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
... ... @@ -180,7 +180,7 @@
180 180  
181 181  Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LPS8v2>>url:https://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/228-lps8v2.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example. (% style="display:none" %)
182 182  
183 -The LPS8V2 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
187 +The LPS8v2 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
184 184  
185 185  [[image:image-20230522092858-1.png||height="391" width="874"]]
186 186  
... ... @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
244 244  
245 245  Example parse in TTNv3
246 246  
247 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS03A%20-%20Outdoor%20LoRaWAN%20OpenClose%20Door%20Sensor%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220609104802-1.png?rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609104802-1.png" height="393" width="1195"]]
251 +[[image:image-20230630155406-1.png||height="190" width="873"]]
248 248  
249 249  
250 250  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sensor Model**(%%): For DS03A-LB, this value is 0x1B
... ... @@ -253,33 +253,33 @@
253 253  
254 254  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Frequency Band**:
255 255  
256 -*0x01: EU868
260 +0x01: EU868
257 257  
258 -*0x02: US915
262 +0x02: US915
259 259  
260 -*0x03: IN865
264 +0x03: IN865
261 261  
262 -*0x04: AU915
266 +0x04: AU915
263 263  
264 -*0x05: KZ865
268 +0x05: KZ865
265 265  
266 -*0x06: RU864
270 +0x06: RU864
267 267  
268 -*0x07: AS923
272 +0x07: AS923
269 269  
270 -*0x08: AS923-1
274 +0x08: AS923-1
271 271  
272 -*0x09: AS923-2
276 +0x09: AS923-2
273 273  
274 -*0x0a: AS923-3
278 +0x0a: AS923-3
275 275  
276 -*0x0b: CN470
280 +0x0b: CN470
277 277  
278 -*0x0c: EU433
282 +0x0c: EU433
279 279  
280 -*0x0d: KR920
284 +0x0d: KR920
281 281  
282 -*0x0e: MA869
286 +0x0e: MA869
283 283  
284 284  
285 285  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Sub-Band**:
... ... @@ -300,151 +300,299 @@
300 300  Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
301 301  
302 302  
303 -=== 2.3.2  Real-Time Open/Close Status, Uplink FPORT~=2 ===
307 +=== (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:23px" %)2.3.2  Sensor Configuration, FPORT~=4(%%) ===
304 304  
305 305  
310 +DS03A-LB will only send this command after getting the downlink command (0x26 02) from the server.
311 +
312 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:723px" %)
313 +|(% colspan="8" style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:721px" %)**Sensor Configuration FPORT=4**
314 +|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:75px" %)**3**|(% style="width:77px" %)**1**|(% style="width:96px" %)**1**|(% style="width:99px" %)**2**|(% style="width:87px" %)**1**|(% style="width:97px" %)**2**|(% style="width:98px" %)**1**
315 +|**Value**|(% style="width:75px" %)TDC (unit:sec)|(% style="width:77px" %)Disalarm|(% style="width:96px" %)(((
316 +Keep status1
317 +
318 +
319 +)))|(% style="width:99px" %)(((
320 +Keep time1
321 +
322 +(unit: sec)
323 +)))|(% style="width:87px" %)Keep status2|(% style="width:97px" %)(((
324 +Keep time2
325 +
326 +(unit: sec)
327 +)))|(% style="width:98px" %)(((
328 +Alarm interval
329 +
330 +(unit: min)
331 +)))
332 +
333 +* (((
334 +(% style="color:blue" %)**TDC: (default: 0x001C20)**
335 +)))
336 +
337 +Uplink interval for the Open/Close Event, default value is 0x001C20 which is 7200 seconds = 2 hours.
338 +
339 +
340 +* (((
341 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Disalarm: (default: 0)**
342 +)))
343 +
344 + **If Disalarm = 1**, DS03A-LB will only send uplink at every TDC periodically. This is normally use for pulse meter application, in this application, there are many open/close event, and platform only care about the total number of pulse.
345 +
346 + **If Disalarm = 0**, DS03A-LB will send uplink at every TDC periodically and send data on each open/close event. This is useful for the application user need to monitor the open/close event in real-time.
347 +
348 +
349 +(% style="color:red" %)** Note: When Disalarm=0, a high frequently open/close event will cause lots of uplink and drain battery very fast. **
350 +
351 +
352 +* (((
353 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Keep Status1 & Keep Time1 & Keep Status2 & Keep Time2**
354 +)))
355 +
356 +Shows the configure value of [[Alarm Base on Timeout Feature>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS03A%20-%20Outdoor%20LoRaWAN%20OpenClose%20Door%20Sensor%20Manual/#H3.8A0AlarmBaseonTimeout]]
357 +
358 +[[image:image-20230630155527-3.png||height="146" width="902"]]
359 +
360 +
361 +* (((
362 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Alarm interval(default: 0)**
363 +)))
364 +
365 +When the state of the door sensor has not been changed after the timeout alarm, the device will send a uplink every alarm interval. It will stop the alarm until the state of the door sensor is changed after the timeout alarm.
366 +
367 +
368 +=== 2.3.3  Real-Time Open/Close Status, Uplink FPORT~=2 ===
369 +
370 +
306 306  DS03A-LB will send this uplink **after** Device Status once join the LoRaWAN network successfully. And DS03A-LB will send uplinks when:
307 307  
308 308  * Every 2 hours, this interval [[can be changed>>||anchor="H3.3.1SetTransmitIntervalTime"]].
309 309  * There is an Open/Close event.  (This info can be disabled by AT+DISALARM=1)
310 310  
311 -Uplink Payload totals 11 bytes.
376 +1)When **AT+TTRCHANNEL=1**, Uplink Payload totals 11 bytes. (**Default mode**)
312 312  
313 -(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:520px" %)
314 -|=(% colspan="5" style="background-color: rgb(217, 226, 243); color: rgb(0, 112, 192); width: 522px;" %)**Real-Time Open/Close Status, FPORT=2**
315 -|(% style="width:95px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:78px" %)**1**|(% style="width:98px" %)**3**|(% style="width:144px" %)**3**|(% style="width:108px" %)**4**
316 -|(% style="width:95px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:78px" %)Status & [[Alarm>>||anchor="H3.3.4A0AlarmBaseonTimeout"]]|(% style="width:98px" %)Total open door events|(% style="width:144px" %)(((
317 -The last door open duration (unit: min)
378 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:515px" %)
379 +|=(% colspan="5" style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0;width:515px" %)**Real-Time Open/Close Status, FPORT=2**
380 +|(% style="width:94px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:97px" %)**1**|(% style="width:95px" %)**3**|(% style="width:119px" %)**3**|(% style="width:107px" %)**4**
381 +|(% style="width:95px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:97px" %)(((
382 +Status
383 +
384 +&[[Alarm>>||anchor="H3.3.4A0AlarmBaseonTimeout"]]
385 +)))|(% style="width:95px" %)Total open door events|(% style="width:119px" %)(((
386 +The last door open duration (unit: sec)
318 318  )))|(% style="width:108px" %)[[Unix TimeStamp>>||anchor="H2.5.2UnixTimeStamp"]]
319 319  
320 320  **Status & Alarm:**
321 321  
322 -(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:520px" %)
323 -|(% style="width:76px" %)**Size(bit)**|(% style="width:79px" %)**bit7**|(% style="width:84px" %)**bit6**|(% style="width:96px" %)**[bit5:bit2]**|(% style="width:197px" %)**bit1**|(% style="width:104px" %)**bit0**
324 -|(% style="width:76px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:79px" %)(((
325 -No ACK
391 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:645px" %)
392 +|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:59px" %)**Size(bit)**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:79px" %)**[bit7:bit4]**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:110px" %)**bit3**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:106px" %)**bit2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:125px" %)**bit1**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:129px" %)**bit0**
393 +|(% style="width:76px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:96px" %)Reserve|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
394 +Count mod
395 +)))|(% style="width:106px" %)TDC flag 0:No;1:Yes|(% style="width:125px" %)(((
396 +0: No Alarm;
326 326  
327 -Message
328 -)))|(% style="width:84px" %)(((
329 -Poll
398 +1: Alarm
399 +)))|(% style="width:129px" %)(((
400 +Status 0: Close;
330 330  
331 -Message
402 +1: Open
403 +)))
332 332  
333 -Flag
334 -)))|(% style="width:96px" %)Reserve|(% style="width:197px" %)[[Enable/disable Timeout Alarm>>||anchor="H3.3.3A0Enable2FDisableAlarm"]]
335 -0: No Alarm; 1: Alarm|(% style="width:104px" %)Status
336 -0: Close, 1: Open
405 +[[image:image-20230630155451-2.png||height="246" width="928"]]
337 337  
338 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS03A%20-%20Outdoor%20LoRaWAN%20OpenClose%20Door%20Sensor%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220609110547-6.png?width=1191&height=337&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609110547-6.png" height="337" width="1191"]]
339 339  
408 +* (((
409 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Count mod:Default=0**
410 +)))
340 340  
341 -=== 2.3.3  Historical Door Open/Close Event, FPORT~=3 ===
412 +MOD=0 ~-~-> Uplink total door open times since factory
342 342  
414 +MOD=1 ~-~-> Uplink total door open times since last FPORT=2 uplink.
343 343  
344 -DS03A-LB stores sensor values and users can retrieve these history values via the [[downlink command>>||anchor="H2.5DatalogFeature"]].
345 345  
346 -The historical payload includes one or multiplies entries and every entry has the same payload as Real-Time open/close status.
417 +* (% style="color:blue" %)**TDC flag**
347 347  
419 +When the flag is 1, it means sending packets at normal time intervals.
420 +
421 +Otherwise, it is a packet sent at non-TDC time.
422 +
423 +
348 348  * (((
349 -Each data entry is 11 bytes and has the same structure as [[Real-Time open/close status>>||anchor="H2.3.2A0Real-TimeOpen2FCloseStatus2CUplinkFPORT3D2"]], to save airtime and battery, DS03A-LB will send max bytes according to the current DR and Frequency bands.
425 +(% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Alarm**
350 350  )))
351 351  
352 -For example, in the US915 band, the max payload for different DR is:
428 +See [[Alarm Base on Timeout>>url:http://8.211.40.43/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/CPL01%20LoRaWAN%20Outdoor%20PulseContact%20%20Sensor%20Manual/#H3.5AlarmBaseonTimeout]]
353 353  
354 -(((
355 -**~1. DR0**: max is 11 bytes so one entry of data
356 -)))
357 357  
358 -(((
359 -**2. DR1**: max is 53 bytes so devices will upload 4 entries of data (total 44 bytes)
431 +* (((
432 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Status**
360 360  )))
361 361  
362 -(((
363 -**3. DR2**: total payload includes 11 entries of data
435 +This bit is 1 when the door sensor is open and 0 when it is close.
436 +
437 +
438 +* (((
439 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Total open door events**
364 364  )))
365 365  
366 -(((
367 -**4. DR3**: total payload includes 22 entries of data.
442 +Total pulse/counting base on open door.
443 +
444 +Range (3 Bytes) : 0x000000 ~~ 0xFFFFFF . Max: 16777215
445 +
446 +
447 +* (((
448 +(% style="color:blue" %)**The last door open duration**
368 368  )))
369 369  
370 -If DS03A-LB doesn't have any data in the polling time. It will uplink 11 bytes of 0
451 +Door sensor last open duration.
371 371  
372 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS03A%20-%20Outdoor%20LoRaWAN%20OpenClose%20Door%20Sensor%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220609112215-7.png?width=1250&height=277&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609112215-7.png" height="277" width="1250"]]
453 +Unit: sec.
373 373  
374 -**Downlink:**
455 +[[image:image-20230701094042-1.png||height="154" width="763"]]
375 375  
376 -0x31 61 8E 57 40 61 8E 81 70 05
377 377  
458 +2)When **AT+TTRCHANNEL=2**, Uplink Payload totals 18 bytes.
378 378  
379 -**Uplink:**
460 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:819px" %)
461 +|=(% colspan="8" style="background-color: rgb(217, 226, 243); color: rgb(0, 112, 192); width: 817px;" %)**Real-Time Open/Close Status, FPORT=2**
462 +|(% style="width:94px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:97px" %)**1**|(% style="width:95px" %)**3**|(% style="width:125px" %)**3**|(% style="width:100px" %)**4**|(% style="width:86px" %)**1**|(% style="width:96px" %)**3**|(% style="width:126px" %)**3**
463 +|(% style="width:95px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:97px" %)(((
464 +Status1
380 380  
381 -00 00 00 00 00 00 00 61 8E 5F 8F 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 61 8E 5F D2 00 00 00 01 00 00 02 61 8E 60 64 01 00 00 02 00 00 02 61 8E 60 75 00 00 00 02 00 00 01 61 8E 60 C6 00 00 00 02 00 00 01 61 8E 7B A7 01 00 00 03 00 00 01 61 8E 7F 38 00 00 00 03 00 00 02 61 8E 7F CE 01 00 00 04 00 00 02 61 8E 81 1B 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 61 8E 81 50
466 +&[[Alarm>>||anchor="H3.3.4A0AlarmBaseonTimeout"]]1
467 +)))|(% style="width:95px" %)Total open door events1|(% style="width:125px" %)(((
468 +The last door open duration1 (unit: sec)
469 +)))|(% style="width:100px" %)[[Unix TimeStamp>>||anchor="H2.5.2UnixTimeStamp"]]|(% style="width:86px" %)(((
470 +Status2
382 382  
472 +&[[Alarm>>||anchor="H3.3.4A0AlarmBaseonTimeout"]]2
473 +)))|(% style="width:96px" %)Total open door events2|(% style="width:126px" %)The last door open duration2 (unit: sec)
383 383  
384 -**Parsed Value:**
475 +**Status1 & Alarm1:**
385 385  
386 -[ALARM, DOOR_OPEN_STATUS, DOOR_OPEN_TIMES,LAST_DOOR_OPEN_DURATION, TIME]
477 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:730px" %)
478 +|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:59px" %)**Size(bit)**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:79px" %)**[bit7:bit4]**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:110px" %)**bit3**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:106px" %)**bit2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:167px" %)**bit1**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:171px" %)**bit0**
479 +|(% style="width:76px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:96px" %)Reserve|(% style="width:110px" %)(((
480 +Count mod
481 +)))|(% style="width:106px" %)TDC flag 0:No;1:Yes|(% style="width:167px" %)(((
482 +0: No Alarm; 1: Alarm
387 387  
484 +(PA8)
485 +)))|(% style="width:171px" %)(((
486 +Status 0: Close; 1:Open
388 388  
389 -[FALSE, CLOSE, 0, 0, 2021-11-12 12:35:27],
488 +(PA8)
489 +)))
390 390  
391 -[FALSE, OPEN,  1, 0, 2021-11-12 12:36:34],
491 +**Status2 & Alarm2:**
392 392  
393 -[FALSE, CLOSE, 1, 2, 2021-11-12 12:39:00],
493 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:550px" %)
494 +|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:59px" %)**Size(bit)**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:113px" %)**[bit7:bit2]**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:176px" %)**bit1**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:175px" %)**bit0**
495 +|(% style="width:76px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:113px" %)Reserve|(% style="width:176px" %)(((
496 +0: No Alarm; 1: Alarm
394 394  
395 -[FALSE, OPEN,  2, 2, 2021-11-12 12:39:17],
498 +(PA4)
499 +)))|(% style="width:175px" %)(((
500 +Status 0: Close,;1:Open
396 396  
397 -[FALSE, CLOSE, 2, 1, 2021-11-12 12:40:38],
502 +(PA4)
503 +)))
398 398  
399 -[FALSE, CLOSE, 2, 1, 2021-11-12 14:35:19],
505 +[[image:image-20230630155908-6.png||height="295" width="927"]]
400 400  
401 -[FALSE, OPEN,  3, 1, 2021-11-12 14:50:32],
402 402  
403 -[FALSE, CLOSE, 3, 2, 2021-11-12 14:53:02],
508 +=== 2.3.4  Historical Door Open/Close Event, FPORT~=3 ===
404 404  
405 -[FALSE, OPEN,  4, 2, 2021-11-12 14:58:35],
406 406  
407 -[FALSE, CLOSE, 4, 0, 2021-11-12 14:59:28],
511 +DS03A-LB stores sensor values and users can retrieve these history values via the [[downlink command>>||anchor="H2.5DatalogFeature"]].
408 408  
513 +The historical payload includes one or multiplies entries and every entry has the same payload as Real-Time open/close status.
409 409  
410 -=== 2.3.4  Sensor Configuration, FPORT~=4 ===
515 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:515px" %)
516 +|=(% colspan="5" style="background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0;width:515px" %)**Real-Time Open/Close Status, FPORT=3**
517 +|(% style="width:94px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:97px" %)**1**|(% style="width:95px" %)**3**|(% style="width:119px" %)**3**|(% style="width:107px" %)**4**
518 +|(% style="width:95px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:97px" %)(((
519 +Status
411 411  
521 +&[[Alarm>>||anchor="H3.3.4A0AlarmBaseonTimeout"]]
522 +)))|(% style="width:95px" %)Total open door events|(% style="width:119px" %)(((
523 +The last door open duration (unit: sec)
524 +)))|(% style="width:108px" %)[[Unix TimeStamp>>||anchor="H2.5.2UnixTimeStamp"]]
412 412  
413 -DS03A-LB will only send this command after getting the downlink command (0x26 02) from the server.
526 +**Status & Alarm:**
414 414  
415 -(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
416 -|(% colspan="5" style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:504px" %)**Sensor Configuration FPORT=4**
417 -|**Size(bytes)**|(% style="width:75px" %)**3**|(% style="width:77px" %)**1**|(% style="width:96px" %)**1**|(% style="width:158px" %)**2**
418 -|**Value**|(% style="width:75px" %)TDC (unit:sec)|(% style="width:77px" %)Disalarm|(% style="width:96px" %)Keep status|(% style="width:158px" %)Keep time (unit: min)
528 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:755px" %)
529 +|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:59px" %)**Size(bit)**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:88px" %)**bit7**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:92px" %)**bit6**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:89px" %)**[bit5:bit4]**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:90px" %)**bit3**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:95px" %)**bit2**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:116px" %)**bit1**|(% style="background-color:#d9e2f3; color:#0070c0; width:112px" %)**bit0**
530 +|(% style="width:76px" %)**Value**|(% style="width:88px" %)No ACK message|(% style="width:92px" %)Poll Message Flag|(% style="width:89px" %)Reserve|(% style="width:90px" %)(((
531 +Count mod
532 +)))|(% style="width:95px" %)TDC flag 0:No;1:Yes|(% style="width:116px" %)(((
533 +0: No Alarm;
419 419  
535 +1: Alarm
536 +)))|(% style="width:112px" %)(((
537 +Status 0:Close;
538 +
539 +1: Open
540 +)))
541 +
420 420  * (((
421 -(% style="color:blue" %)**TDC: (default: 0x001C20)**
543 +Each data entry is 11 bytes and has the same structure as [[Real-Time open/close status>>||anchor="H2.3.2A0Real-TimeOpen2FCloseStatus2CUplinkFPORT3D2"]], to save airtime and battery, DS03A-LB will send max bytes according to the current DR and Frequency bands.
422 422  )))
423 423  
424 -Uplink interval for the Open/Close Event, default value is 0x001C20 which is 7200 seconds = 2 hours.
546 +For example, in the US915 band, the max payload for different DR is:
425 425  
548 +(((
549 +**~1. DR0**: max is 11 bytes so one entry of data
550 +)))
426 426  
427 -* (((
428 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Disalarm: (default: 0)**
552 +(((
553 +**2. DR1**: max is 53 bytes so devices will upload 4 entries of data (total 44 bytes)
429 429  )))
430 430  
431 - **If Disalarm = 1**, DS03A-LB will only send uplink at every TDC periodically. This is normally use for pulse meter application, in this application, there are many open/close event, and platform only care about the total number of pulse.
556 +(((
557 +**3. DR2**: total payload includes 11 entries of data
558 +)))
432 432  
433 - **If Disalarm = 0**, DS03A-LB will send uplink at every TDC periodically and send data on each open/close event. This is useful for the application user need to monitor the open/close event in real-time.
560 +(((
561 +**4. DR3**: total payload includes 22 entries of data.
562 +)))
434 434  
564 +If DS03A-LB doesn't have any data in the polling time. It will uplink 11 bytes of 0
435 435  
436 -(% style="color:red" %)** Note: When Disalarm=0, a high frequently open/close event will cause lots of uplink and drain battery very fast. **
566 +[[image:image-20230630155556-4.png||height="146" width="938"]]
437 437  
568 +**Downlink:**
438 438  
439 -* (((
440 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Keep Status & Keep Time**
441 -)))
570 +0x31 64 9E 7D 34 64 9E 7E 9C 05
442 442  
443 -Shows the configure value of [[Alarm Base on Timeout Feature>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS03A%20-%20Outdoor%20LoRaWAN%20OpenClose%20Door%20Sensor%20Manual/#H3.8A0AlarmBaseonTimeout]]
444 444  
445 -[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20LoRaWAN%20End%20Nodes/LDS03A%20-%20Outdoor%20LoRaWAN%20OpenClose%20Door%20Sensor%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220609110018-4.png?width=1159&height=291&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220609110018-4.png" height="291" width="1159"]]
573 +**Uplink:**
446 446  
575 +45 00 00 00 00 00 00 64 9E 7D 48 40 00 00 00 00 00 63 64 9E 7D 9C 41 00 00 01 00 00 63 64 9E 7D A4 40 00 00 01 00 00 8D 64 9E 7E 31 43 00 00 02 00 00 8D 64 9E 7E 44 48 00 00 02 00 00 1F 64 9E 7E 59 4B 00 00 03 00 00 1F 64 9E 7E 6B
447 447  
577 +
578 +**Parsed Value:**
579 +
580 +[COUNTMOD, TDC_FLAG, ALARM,  DOOR_STATUS, OPEN_DOOR_TIMES, LAST_DOOR_OPEN_DURATION, TIME]
581 +
582 +
583 +[SUM,YES,FALSE,OPEN,0,0,2023-06-30 06:59:20],
584 +
585 +[SUM,NO,FALSE,CLOSE,0,99,2023-06-30 07:00:44],
586 +
587 +[SUM,NO,FALSE,OPEN, 1,99,2023-06-30 07:00:52],
588 +
589 +[SUM,NO,FALSE,CLOSE,1,141,2023-06-30 07:03:13],
590 +
591 +[SUM,NO,TRUE,OPEN, 2,141,2023-06-30 07:03:32],
592 +
593 +[PART,NO,FALSE,CLOSE,2,31,2023-06-30 07:03:53],
594 +
595 +[PART,NO,TRUE,OPEN, 3,31,2023-06-30 07:04:11],
596 +
597 +[[image:image-20230630172740-1.png||height="199" width="868"]]
598 +
599 +
448 448  == 2.4 Payload Decoder file ==
449 449  
450 450  
... ... @@ -462,7 +462,9 @@
462 462  
463 463  (% style="color:blue" %)**Datalog Feature** (%%)is to ensure IoT Server can get all sampling data from Sensor even if the LoRaWAN network is down. For each sampling, DS03A-LB will store the reading for future retrieving purposes.
464 464  
617 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note:After the device is reset,in cumulative counting mode,the last stored count value will be read as the initial value.**
465 465  
619 +
466 466  === 2.5.1 Ways to get datalog via LoRaWAN ===
467 467  
468 468  
... ... @@ -586,7 +586,7 @@
586 586  These commands only valid for DS03A-LB, as below:
587 587  
588 588  
589 -=== 3.3.1 Set Transmit Interval Time ===
743 +=== 3.3.1  Set Transmit Interval Time ===
590 590  
591 591  
592 592  Feature: Change LoRaWAN End Node Transmit Interval.
... ... @@ -614,19 +614,9 @@
614 614  * Example 1: Downlink Payload: 0100001E  ~/~/  Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 30 seconds
615 615  * Example 2: Downlink Payload: 0100003C  ~/~/  Set Transmit Interval (TDC) = 60 seconds
616 616  
617 -=== 3.3.2 Get Device Status ===
771 +=== 3.3.2  Enable / Disable Alarm ===
618 618  
619 619  
620 -Send a LoRaWAN downlink to ask device send Alarm settings.
621 -
622 -* (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Payload:  **(%%)0x26 01
623 -
624 -Sensor will upload Device Status via FPORT=5. See payload section for detail.
625 -
626 -
627 -=== 3.3.3  Enable / Disable Alarm ===
628 -
629 -
630 630  Feature: Enable/Disable Alarm for open/close event. Default value 0.
631 631  
632 632  (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command: **
... ... @@ -643,7 +643,7 @@
643 643  0xA7 00  ~/~/ Same As AT+DISALARM=0
644 644  
645 645  
646 -=== 3.3.4  Alarm Base on Timeout ===
790 +=== 3.3.3  Alarm Base on Timeout ===
647 647  
648 648  
649 649  DS03A-LB can monitor the timeout for a status change, this feature can be used to monitor some events such as door opening too long etc. Related Parameters are:
... ... @@ -669,37 +669,103 @@
669 669  If (% style="color:#037691" %)**keep time > 0**(%%), device will monitor the keep status event and send an alarm when status doesn't change after timeout.
670 670  
671 671  
816 +* (((
817 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command**
818 +)))
819 +
820 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Command: 0xA9 aa bb cc dd**
821 +
822 +**A9:** Command Type Code
823 +
824 +**aa: **01:TTRIG1; 02:TTRIG2
825 +
826 +**bb:** status to be monitored
827 +
828 +**cc dd:** timeout.
829 +
830 +
831 +1)**AT+TTRIG1**:(PA8 of pin)
832 +
672 672  (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command to configure:**
673 673  
674 674  * (((
675 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TTRIG=1,30** (%%) **~-~->** When the **Keep Status** change from close to open, and device remains in open status for more than 30 seconds. LDS03A will send an uplink packet, the [[Alarm bit>>||anchor="H2.3.2A0Real-TimeOpen2FCloseStatus2CUplinkFPORT3D2"]] (the second bit of 1^^st^^ byte of payload) on this uplink packet is set to 1.
836 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TTRIG1=1,30** (%%) **~-~->** When the **Keep Status** change from close to open, and device remains in open status for more than 30 seconds. DS03A-LB will send an uplink packet, the Alarm1 bit(the second bit of 1^^st^^ byte of payload) on this uplink packet is set to 1.
837 +
838 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TTRIG1=0,30** (%%) **~-~->** When the **Keep Status** change from open to close, and device remains in open status for more than 30 seconds. DS03A-LB will send an uplink packet, the Alarm1 bit (the second bit of 1^^st^^ byte of payload) on this uplink packet is set to 1.
676 676  )))
677 677  
678 678  * (((
679 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TTRIG=0,0**  (%%) **~-~-> ** Default Value, disable timeout Alarm.
842 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TTRIG1=0,0**  (%%) **~-~-> ** Default Value, disable timeout Alarm.
843 +
844 +
845 +
680 680  )))
681 681  
682 682  (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command to configure:**
683 683  
684 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Command: 0xA9 aa bb cc**
850 +If user send 0xA9 01 01 00 1E: equal to AT+TTRIG1=1,30 or
685 685  
686 -**A9:** Command Type Code
852 + 0xA9 01 00 00 00: Equal to AT+TTRIG1=0,0.
687 687  
688 -**aa:** status to be monitored
689 689  
690 -**bb cc:** timeout.
855 +2)**AT+TTRIG2**:(PA4 of pin,need to use AT+TTRCHANNEL=2)
691 691  
857 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command to configure:**
692 692  
693 -If user send 0xA9 01 00 1E: equal to AT+TTRIG=1,30
859 +* (((
860 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TTRIG2=1,30** (%%) **~-~->** When the **Keep Status** change from close to open, and device remains in open status for more than 30 seconds. DS03A-LB will send an uplink packet, the Alarm2 bit (the second bit of 12^^st^^ byte of payload) on this uplink packet is set to 1.
694 694  
695 -Or
862 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TTRIG2=0,30** (%%) **~-~->** When the **Keep Status** change from open to close, and device remains in open status for more than 30 seconds. DS03A-LB will send an uplink packet, the Alarm2 bit (the second bit of 12^^st^^ byte of payload) on this uplink packet is set to 1.
863 +)))
696 696  
697 -0xA9 00 00 00: Equal to AT+TTRIG=0,0. Disable timeout Alarm.
865 +* (((
866 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+TTRIG2=0,0**  (%%) **~-~-> ** Default Value, disable timeout Alarm.
698 698  
699 699  
869 +
870 +)))
871 +
872 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command to configure:**
873 +
874 +If user send 0xA9 02 00 00 1E: equal to AT+TTRIG2=0,30 or
875 +
876 + 0xA9 02 00 00 00: Equal to AT+TTRIG2=0,0.
877 +
878 +
879 +=== 3.3.4  TTRIG1 & TTRIG2 timeout status alarm ===
880 +
881 +
882 +It needs to be used with AT+TTRIG1 or AT+TTRIG2. When TTRIG1 or TTRIG2 times out and causes an alarm, and the status does not change subsequently, an alarm packet will be sent at the alarm interval.
883 +
884 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**
885 +
886 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
887 +|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 279px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 76px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
888 +|(% style="width:155px" %)(((
889 +AT+TTRALARM=0
890 +)))|(% style="width:279px" %)(((
891 +disable continuous alarm
892 +)))|(% style="width:84px" %)(((
893 +OK
894 +)))
895 +|(% style="width:155px" %)(((
896 +AT+TTRALARM=60
897 +)))|(% style="width:279px" %)(((
898 +The alarm interval is 60 minutes (unit: minutes)
899 +)))|(% style="width:84px" %)(((
900 +OK
901 +)))
902 +
903 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**
904 +
905 +Example:  0C aa  => AT+TTRALARM= aa
906 +
907 +
700 700  === 3.3.5  Count Mod ===
701 701  
702 702  
911 +Feature: Manually set the count mode.
912 +
703 703  (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**
704 704  
705 705  (% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:520px" %)
... ... @@ -724,24 +724,26 @@
724 724  Example:  0B aa  => AT+COUNTMOD = second byte
725 725  
726 726  
727 -=== 3.3.6  Interrupt Pin Channel Mod ===
937 +=== 3.3.6  Number of channel of door sensors ===
728 728  
729 729  
940 +Feature: Set the number of door sensor channels.
941 +
730 730  (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**
731 731  
732 732  (% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
733 -|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 288px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 57px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
945 +|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 259px; background-color: rgb(217, 226, 243); color: rgb(0, 112, 192);" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 57px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
734 734  |(% style="width:155px" %)(((
735 735  AT+TTRCHANNEL=1
736 -)))|(% style="width:288px" %)(((
737 -set as single channel, only use PB14 pin as interrupt pin.
948 +)))|(% style="width:259px" %)(((
949 +Set as single channel, only use PA8 pin as interrupt pin.
738 738  )))|(% style="width:44px" %)(((
739 739  OK
740 740  )))
741 741  |(% style="width:155px" %)(((
742 742  AT+TTRCHANNEL=2
743 -)))|(% style="width:288px" %)(((
744 -is set as dual channel, use PB14 pin and PB15 pin as interrupt pin.
955 +)))|(% style="width:259px" %)(((
956 +Set as dual channel, use PA8 pin and PA4 pin as interrupt pin.
745 745  )))|(% style="width:44px" %)(((
746 746  OK
747 747  )))
... ... @@ -751,77 +751,92 @@
751 751  Example:  0D aa => AT+TTRCHANNEL = second byte
752 752  
753 753  
754 -=== 3.3.7  Change the name of AT+TTRIG to AT+TTRIG1 ===
966 +=== 3.3.7  Set Time Sync Mode ===
755 755  
756 756  
757 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**
969 +Feature: Enable/Disable Sync system time via LoRaWAN MAC Command (DeviceTimeReq), LoRaWAN server must support v1.0.3 protocol to reply to this command.
758 758  
759 -Example:  A9 01 aa bb cc  => AT+TTRIG1= third byte, 4th byte and 5th byte
971 +SYNCMOD is set to 1 by default. If user wants to set a different time from the LoRaWAN server, the user needs to set this to 0.
760 760  
973 +(% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**
761 761  
762 -=== 3.3.8  Added AT+TTRIG2 for PB15 pin ===
975 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
976 +|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 259px; background-color: rgb(217, 226, 243); color: rgb(0, 112, 192);" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 57px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
977 +|(% style="width:155px" %)(((
978 +AT+SYNCMOD=1
979 +)))|(% style="width:259px" %)(((
980 +Enable Sync system time via LoRaWAN MAC Command (DeviceTimeReq) The default is zero time zone.
981 +)))|(% style="width:44px" %)(((
982 +OK
983 +)))
984 +|(% style="width:155px" %)(((
985 +AT+SYNCMOD=1,8
986 +)))|(% style="width:259px" %)(((
987 +Enable Sync system time via LoRaWAN MAC Command (DeviceTimeReq) Set to East eight time zone.
988 +)))|(% style="width:44px" %)(((
989 +OK
990 +)))
991 +|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+SYNCMOD=1,-12|(% style="width:259px" %)Enable Sync system time via LoRaWAN MAC Command (DeviceTimeReq) Set to West Twelve Time Zone.|(% style="width:44px" %)OK
763 763  
764 -
765 765  (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**
766 766  
767 -Example: A9 02 aa bb cc  => AT+TTRIG2= third byte, 4th byte and 5th byte
995 +0x28 01  ~/~/ Same As AT+SYNCMOD=1
768 768  
997 +0x28 01 08  ~/~/ Same As AT+SYNCMOD=1,8
769 769  
770 -=== 3.3.9  TTRIG1/2 timeout status alarm ===
999 +0x28 01 F4  ~/~/ Same As AT+SYNCMOD=1,-12
771 771  
1001 +0x28 00  ~/~/ Same As AT+SYNCMOD=0
772 772  
773 -It needs to be used with AT+TTRIG1 or AT+TTRIG2. When TTRIG1 or TTRIG2 times out and causes an alarm, and the status does not change subsequently, an alarm packet will be sent at the alarm interval.
774 774  
1004 +=== 3.3.8  Clear the open door times and the duration of the last open door ===
1005 +
1006 +
775 775  (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**
776 776  
777 -(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
778 -|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 279px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 76px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
779 -|(% style="width:155px" %)(((
780 -AT+TTRALARM=0
781 -)))|(% style="width:279px" %)(((
782 -disable continuous alarm
783 -)))|(% style="width:84px" %)(((
1009 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
1010 +|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 259px; background-color: rgb(217, 226, 243); color: rgb(0, 112, 192);" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 57px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
1011 +|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+CLRC|(% style="width:259px" %)clear the open door times and the duration of the last open door.|(% style="width:44px" %)(((
784 784  OK
785 785  )))
786 -|(% style="width:155px" %)(((
787 -AT+TTRALARM=60
788 -)))|(% style="width:279px" %)(((
789 -The alarm interval is 60 minutes (unit: minutes)
790 -)))|(% style="width:84px" %)(((
791 -OK
792 -)))
793 793  
794 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**
1015 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**(%%)0xA6 01
795 795  
796 -Example:  0C aa  => AT+TTRALARM= aa
1017 +The sensor will clear the open door times and the duration of the last open door.
797 797  
798 798  
799 -=== 3.3.10  Select counting mode ===
1020 +=== 3.3.9  Set the count value of the number of open door ===
800 800  
801 801  
802 -(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+TTRMODx=a,b**
803 -
804 -When (% style="color:#037691" %)**a=0**(%%), the door is opened to count, and when (% style="color:#037691" %)**a=1**(%%),the closed door is counted.
805 -
806 -When (% style="color:#037691" %)**b=0**(%%), it is the last door open duration, and when (% style="color:#037691" %)**b=1**(%%),the last door close duration.
807 -
808 808  (% style="color:blue" %)**AT Command:**
809 809  
810 -(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
811 -|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 278px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 77px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
1025 +(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
1026 +|=(% style="width: 155px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Command Example**|=(% style="width: 259px; background-color: rgb(217, 226, 243); color: rgb(0, 112, 192);" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 57px;background-color:#D9E2F3;color:#0070C0" %)**Response**
812 812  |(% style="width:155px" %)(((
813 -AT+TTRMODx=1,0
814 -)))|(% style="width:278px" %)Door closed count and record the last door opened duration|(% style="width:85px" %)(((
1028 +AT+SETCNT=1,100
1029 +)))|(% style="width:259px" %)(((
1030 +Set the open door times of PA8 pin to 100 times.
1031 +)))|(% style="width:44px" %)(((
815 815  OK
816 816  )))
1034 +|(% style="width:155px" %)AT+SETCNT=1,0|(% style="width:259px" %)Clear the open door times of PA8 pin.|(% style="width:44px" %)OK
817 817  |(% style="width:155px" %)(((
818 -AT+TTRMODx=0,1
819 -)))|(% style="width:278px" %)(((
820 -Door opened count and record the last door Door Door open closed duration
821 -)))|(% style="width:85px" %)(((
1036 +AT+SETCNT=2,50
1037 +)))|(% style="width:259px" %)(((
1038 +Set the open door times of PA4 pin to 100 times.
1039 +)))|(% style="width:44px" %)(((
822 822  OK
823 823  )))
824 824  
1043 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**
1044 +
1045 +0xA6 01 00 00 64  ==>  AT+SETCNT=1,100
1046 +
1047 +0xA6 01 00 00 00  ==>  AT+SETCNT=1,0
1048 +
1049 +0xA6 02 00 00 32  ==>  AT+SETCNT=2,50
1050 +
1051 +
825 825  = 4. Battery & Power Consumption =
826 826  
827 827  
... ... @@ -844,8 +844,8 @@
844 844  
845 845  **Methods to Update Firmware:**
846 846  
847 -* (Recommanded way) OTA firmware update via wireless: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/]]
848 -* Update through UART TTL interface. **[[Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware]]**.
1074 +* (Recommanded way) OTA firmware update via wireless:** [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20OTA%20Update%20for%20Sensors/]]**
1075 +* Update through UART TTL interface: **[[Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/UART%20Access%20for%20LoRa%20ST%20v4%20base%20model/#H1.LoRaSTv4baseHardware]]**.
849 849  
850 850  = 6. FAQ =
851 851  
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