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Last modified by Kilight Cao on 2024/06/22 10:43
From version 38.1
edited by Xiaoling
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To version 144.2
edited by Xiaoling
on 2024/01/22 14:06
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Summary

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Title
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1 -PG1302
1 +PG1302 -- LoRaWAN Concentrator User Manual
Content
... ... @@ -1,582 +1,759 @@
1 +(% style="text-align:center" %)
2 +[[image:image-20220616085956-1.jpeg||height="609" width="609"]]
3 +
4 +
5 +
6 +
7 +**Table of Contents:**
8 +
9 +{{toc/}}
10 +
11 +
12 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H" %)
13 +(((
1 1  
15 +)))
2 2  
3 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
4 -[[image:Main.User Manual for All Gateway models.WebHome@pg1302.jpg]]
17 += 1. Introduction =
5 5  
19 +== 1.1 What is PG1302 LoRaWAN Concentrator? ==
6 6  
7 7  
22 +(((
23 +The PG1302 is a (% style="color:blue" %)**multi-channel high-performance transmitter/receiver**(%%) designed to simultaneously receive several LoRa packets using random spreading factors on random channels. Its goal is to enable robust connection between a central wireless data concentrator and a massive amount of wireless end-points spread over a very wide range of distances.
24 +)))
8 8  
9 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif]]
26 +(((
27 +The PG1302 is designed to use with Raspberry Pi to build smart metering fixed networks and Internet of Things applications with up to 5000 nodes per km2 in a moderately interfered environment.
28 +)))
10 10  
30 +(((
31 +PG1302 is fully compatible with (% style="color:blue" %)**RPi3/4 or Tinker Board**(%%), users can use the pre-build OS from Dragino to set up and easy to use the module by Web UI. Or install the raw LoRaWAN driver in the existing OS.
32 +)))
11 11  
12 12  
13 -**PG1302 LoRaWAN Concentrator User Manual**
35 +== 1.2 Features ==
14 14  
15 -[[image:1651796979665-130.png]]
16 16  
17 -Document Version: 1.0.0
38 +* Base on Semtech SX1302 solution
39 +* Support Raspberry Pi 3B/3B+/4, TinkerBoard2/2S, Orange Pi Pc/PC PLUS.
40 +* Up to -140dBm sensitivity
41 +* Support 3.3v and 5v.
42 +* Mini-PCIe Interface
43 +* Converter board to support Raspberry Pi
18 18  
19 -Image Version: v1.0
45 +== 1.3 General Interfaces for PG1302 ==
20 20  
21 21  
48 +* SPI interface for LoRa
49 +* Power Input: 5v, 1A
50 +* 1 x I-PEX for LoRa
51 +* Working Temperature: -40 ℃ ~~ 80℃
22 22  
53 +== 1.4 Pin Mapping ==
23 23  
24 -{{toc/}}
25 25  
26 -[[1.       Introduction. 4>>path:#_Toc99563935]]
56 +[[image:image-20240122140551-1.png]]
27 27  
28 -[[1.1     What is PG1302 LoRaWAN Concentrator?. 4>>path:#_Toc99563936]]
29 29  
30 -[[1.2     Features. 4>>path:#_Toc99563937]]
59 +== 1.5 LEDs ==
31 31  
32 -[[1.3     General Interfaces. 5>>path:#_Toc99563938]]
33 33  
34 -[[1.4     Pin Mapping. 5>>path:#_Toc99563939]]
62 +(((
63 +TX: Blink when transmit a packet
64 +RX: Blink when receive a packet
65 +Config: Always ON
66 +)))
35 35  
36 -[[1.5     LEDs. 5>>path:#_Toc99563940]]
37 37  
38 -[[1.6     Power Consumption. 6>>path:#_Toc99563941]]
69 +== 1.6 Power Consumption ==
39 39  
40 -[[1.7     Applications. 6>>path:#_Toc99563942]]
41 41  
42 -[[2.       Example: Set up as LoRaWAN gateway. 7>>path:#_Toc99563943]]
72 +<300mA @ 3.3v.
43 43  
44 -[[2.1     System structure. 7>>path:#_Toc99563944]]
74 +Detail Test Report see [[this link>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/89virm4y0b02c7i/AAA-cgQEsSc8gNGFYAB0qZ_Za?dl=0]]
45 45  
46 -[[2.2     Hardware Installation. 8>>path:#_Toc99563954]]
47 47  
48 -[[3.       Install the software?. 8>>path:#_Toc99563955]]
77 +== 1.7 Applications ==
49 49  
50 -[[4.       Flash with pre-build image. 9>>path:#_Toc99563956]]
51 51  
52 -[[4.1     Download the dragino image for RPI. 9>>path:#_Toc99563957]]
80 +* Smart Buildings & Home Automation
81 +* Logistics and Supply Chain Management
82 +* Smart Metering
83 +* Smart Agriculture
84 +* Smart Cities
85 +* Smart Factory
53 53  
54 -[[4.2     Flash the image to SD card. 9>>path:#_Toc99563958]]
87 += 2. Example: Set up as LoRaWAN gateway =
55 55  
56 -[[4.3     Access the Linux console. 10>>path:#_Toc99563959]]
89 +== 2.1 System structure ==
57 57  
58 -[[4.4     Access the WebUI of RPi4. 11>>path:#_Toc99563960]]
59 59  
60 -[[4.4.1       Home page. 11>>path:#_Toc99563961]]
92 +(((
93 +This example is an example to show how to set up the PG1302 + RPi as a LoRaWAN gateway to use with [[TheThingsNetwork>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]](TTN) LoRaWAN server. Set up method for other server are similar.
61 61  
62 -[[4.4.2       LoRa Page. 12>>path:#_Toc99563962]]
95 +
96 +)))
63 63  
64 -[[4.4.3       LoRaWAN Page. 13>>path:#_Toc99563963]]
98 +[[image:1651743698677-436.png||height="457" width="686"]]
65 65  
66 -[[4.4.3.1         Semtech UDP. 13>>path:#_Toc99563964]]
67 67  
68 -[[4.4.3.2         Basic Station. 14>>path:#_Toc99563965]]
101 +== 2.2 Hardware Installation ==
69 69  
70 -[[4.4.4       LogRead. 15>>path:#_Toc99563966]]
71 71  
72 -[[4.4.4.1         LoRa Log. 15>>path:#_Toc99563967]]
104 +(% style="color:red" %)**Important Notice: Please power the RPI with 5V,3A cable.**
73 73  
74 -[[4.4.4.2         System Log. 16>>path:#_Toc99563968]]
106 +[[image:image-20220621104746-1.png||height="381" width="451"]]
75 75  
76 -[[4.4.4.3         Record Log. 16>>path:#_Toc99563969]]
77 77  
78 -[[5.       Install stand alone LoRa Packet Forwarder. 17>>path:#_Toc99563970]]
109 += 3. Install the software? =
79 79  
80 -[[5.1     OS requirement 17>>path:#_Toc99563971]]
81 81  
82 -[[5.2     Get Gateway ID in Raspberry and input this in TTN v3. 17>>path:#_Toc99563972]]
112 +**Raspberry Pi 3B/3B+/4,**
83 83  
84 -[[5.2.1       Download and install LoRaWAN packet forwarder. 20>>path:#_Toc99563973]]
114 +* Flash SD card with Dragino pre-build image which supports Web UI.
115 +* Install [[Dragino-FWD>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/PG1302/#H5.2.2.A0Selecttheappropriatedeviceversiontodownload:]] in existing RPi OS.
85 85  
86 -[[5.2.2       Config Gateway ID, Frequency Band and Server address. 22>>path:#_Toc99563974]]
117 +**TinkerBoard2/2S, **
87 87  
88 -[[5.2.3       Check result 24>>path:#_Toc99563975]]
119 +* Install [[Dragino-FWD>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/PG1302/#H5.2.2.A0Selecttheappropriatedeviceversiontodownload:]] in the existing OS.
89 89  
90 -[[5.2.4       Commands to handle service. 25>>path:#_Toc99563976]]
121 +**Orange Pi PC/PC PLUS.**
91 91  
92 -[[6.       Order Info. 25>>path:#_Toc99563977]]
123 +* Install [[Dragino-FWD>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/PG1302/#H5.2.2.A0Selecttheappropriatedeviceversiontodownload:]] in the existing OS.
93 93  
94 -[[7.       Packing Info. 25>>path:#_Toc99563978]]
125 += 4. Flash with pre-build image =
95 95  
96 -[[8.       Reference. 26>>path:#_Toc99563979]]
127 +== 4.1 Download the dragino image for RPI ==
97 97  
98 -[[9.       Support. 27>>path:#_Toc99563980]]
99 99  
130 +(((
131 +Download PG1302_for_Rpi4_64_with_webui from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/f6nbldh1qbspya5/AACgL6pDkwdBQO1BQqq_Nubwa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/f6nbldh1qbspya5/AACgL6pDkwdBQO1BQqq_Nubwa?dl=0]]
132 +)))
100 100  
101 101  
135 +== 4.2 Flash the image to an SD card ==
102 102  
103 -~1. Introduction
104 104  
105 - 1.1 What is PG1302 LoRaWAN Concentrator?
138 +Flash the image to the SD card:
106 106  
107 - The PG1302 is a multi-channel high performance transmitter/receiver designed to simultaneously receive several LoRa packets using random spreading factors on random  channels. Its goal is to enable robust connection between a central wireless data concentrator and a massive amount of wireless end-points spread over a very wide range of distances.
140 +[[image:1651744119133-233.png||height="373" width="621"]]
108 108  
109 - The PG1302 is design to use with Raspberry Pi to build smart metering fixed networks and Internet of Things applications with up to 5000 nodes per km2 in moderately interfered environment.
110 110  
111 - PG1302 is fully compatible with RPi3/4, users can use the pre-build OS from Dragino to set up and easy to use the module by Web UI. Or install the raw lorawan driver in the exist OS.
143 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Download the flash tool following this link：**[[https:~~/~~/www.balena.io/etcher/>>https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]
112 112  
113 113  
114 -1.2 Features
146 +== 4.3 Access the Linux console ==
115 115  
116 -* Base on Semtech SX1302 solution
117 -* Support Raspberry Pi 3B/3B+/4
118 -* Up to -140dBm sensitivity
119 -* Support 3.3v and 5v.
120 -* Mini-PCIe Interface
121 -* Converter board to support Raspberry Pi
122 122  
123 -1.3 General Interfaces
149 +(((
150 +Connect the RPI Ethernet port to your router, RPi will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the RPI. You can use this IP to connect the WEB UI or SSH access of RPI. Make sure your PC and the RPI is in the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]]) to access it. Below are screenshots
151 +)))
124 124  
125 -* SPI interface for LoRa
126 -* Power Input: 5v, 1A
127 -* 1 x I-PEX for LoRa
128 128  
129 -1.4 Pin Mapping
154 +[[image:1651744193675-591.png||height="450" width="466"]]
130 130  
131 - [[image:1651743282627-547.png||height="402" width="425"]]
156 +The account details for Web Login are:
132 132  
133 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif]]
158 +(((
159 +**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)User Name: root(%%)**
160 +)))
134 134  
135 -1.5 LEDs
162 +(((
163 +**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)Password:   dragino(%%)**
164 +)))
136 136  
137 - TX: Blink when transmit a packet
166 +(((
167 +
168 +)))
138 138  
139 - RX: Blink when receive a packet
170 +(((
171 +**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)Backup account(%%)**
172 +)))
140 140  
141 - Config: Always ON
174 +(((
175 +**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)Pi/dragino(%%)**
142 142  
143 -1.6 Power Consumption
177 +
178 +)))
144 144  
145 - TBD
180 +After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and type the command here.
146 146  
147 -1.7 Applications
182 +[[image:1651744358515-107.png||height="366" width="581"]]
148 148  
149 -* Smart Buildings & Home Automation
150 -* Logistics and Supply Chain Management
151 -* Smart Metering
152 -* Smart Agriculture
153 -* Smart Cities
154 -* Smart Factory
155 155  
156 -2. Example: Set up as LoRaWAN gateway.
185 +== 4.4 Access the WebUI of RPi4 ==
157 157  
158 - 2.1 System structure
187 +=== 4.4.1 Home page ===
159 159  
160 -This example is an example to show how to set up the PG1302 + RPi as a LoRaWAN gateway to use with [[TheThingsNetwork>>http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]](TTN) LoRaWAN server.. Set up method for other server are similar
161 161  
162 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
163 -[[image:1651743698677-436.png||height="457" width="686"]]
190 +(((
191 +Open a browser on the PC and type the RPI ip address **http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS ** (If the IP is assigned by the uplink router)
192 +You will see the login interface of RPI as shown below.
193 +The account details for Web Login are:
194 +)))
164 164  
196 +(((
197 +**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)User Name: root(%%)**
198 +(% style="color:#0000ff" %)** Password:   dragino**
165 165  
166 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif]]
200 +
201 +)))
167 167  
168 -2.2 Hardware Installation
203 +[[image:1651744457761-993.png||height="352" width="621"]]
169 169  
170 -**~ Important Notice: **Please power the RPI with 5V,3A cable.
171 171  
172 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
173 -[[image:1651743803032-803.png]]
206 +=== 4.4.2 LoRa Page ===
174 174  
175 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif]]
176 176  
177 -3. Install the software?
209 +This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customize the band* as well.
178 178  
179 -There are two ways to install software in RPi4 to use PG1302.
180 180  
181 -* Flash SD card with Dragino pre-build image which support Web UI.
182 -* Install lora packet forwarder in existing RPi OS.
212 +[[image:1651744554845-970.png||height="328" width="621"]]
183 183  
184 -4. Flash with pre-build image
185 185  
186 - 4.1 Download the dragino image for RPI
215 +Different PG1302 hardware version can support different frequency range:
187 187  
188 - Download PG1302_for_Rpi4_64_with_webui from
217 +* (% style="color:red" %)**868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.**
218 +* (% style="color:red" %)**915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920**
189 189  
190 - [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/f6nbldh1qbspya5/AACgL6pDkwdBQO1BQqq_Nubwa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/f6nbldh1qbspya5/AACgL6pDkwdBQO1BQqq_Nubwa?dl=0]]
220 +After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the (% style="color:#037691" %)**page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
191 191  
192 -4.2 Flash the image to SD card
222 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note *: [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
193 193  
194 - Flash the image to SD card:
195 195  
196 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
197 -[[image:1651744119133-233.png||height="373" width="621"]]
225 +=== 4.4.3 LoRaWAN Page ===
198 198  
199 - [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.jpg]]Note: Download the flash tool following this link
227 +==== 4.4.3.1 Semtech UDP ====
200 200  
201 - [[https:~~/~~/www.balena.io/etcher/>>https://www.balena.io/etcher/]]
202 202  
203 -4.3 Access the Linux console.
230 +[[image:1651744767914-283.png||height="352" width="621"]]
204 204  
205 - Connect the RPI Ethernet port to your router, RPi will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the  router has assigned to the RPI. You can use this IP to connect the WEB UI or SSH access of RPI.
206 206  
207 - Make sure your PC and the RPI is in the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]]) to access it. Below are screenshots
233 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note *: [[See this instruction for how to configure TTN>>doc:Main.Notes for TTN.WebHome]].**
208 208  
209 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
210 -[[image:1651744193675-591.png||height="450" width="466"]]
211 211  
212 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.jpg]]
236 +==== 4.4.3.2 Basic Station ====
213 213  
214 - The account details for Web Login are:
215 215  
216 -**~ User Name: root**
239 +[[image:1651744890629-683.png||height="380" width="621"]]
217 217  
218 -**~ Password:   dragino**
219 219  
242 +(% style="color:red" %)**Note *: [[See this instruction for how to configure AWS-loT-Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
220 220  
221 -**~ Backup account**
222 222  
223 -**~ Pi/dragino**
245 +=== 4.4.4 LogRead ===
224 224  
247 +==== 4.4.4.1 LoRa Log ====
225 225  
226 - After log in, you will be in the Linux console and type command here.
227 227  
228 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
229 -[[image:1651744358515-107.png||height="366" width="581"]]
250 +[[image:1651744955955-452.png||height="571" width="621"]]
230 230  
231 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.jpg]] 4.4 Access the WebUI of RPi4.
232 232  
233 - 4.4.1 Home page
253 +Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
234 234  
235 - Open a browser on the PC and type the RPI ip address
236 236  
237 - [[http:~~/~~/IP_ADDRESS** **>>url:http://192.168.1.xx/]] (If the IP is assigned by uplink router)
256 +==== 4.4.4.2 System Log ====
238 238  
239 239  
240 - You will see the login interface of RPI as shown below.
259 +Show system log.
241 241  
242 - The account details for Web Login are:
261 +[[image:1651745003470-264.png||height="477" width="621"]]
243 243  
244 -**~ User Name: root**
245 245  
246 -**~ Password:   dragino**
264 +==== 4.4.4.3 Record Log ====
247 247  
248 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
249 -[[image:1651744457761-993.png||height="352" width="621"]]
250 250  
251 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.jpg]]
267 +**Record the system log.**
252 252  
253 -4.4.2 LoRa Page
269 +[[image:1651745069814-662.png||height="144" width="621"]]
254 254  
255 - This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customize the band* as well.
256 256  
257 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
258 -[[image:1651744554845-970.png||height="328" width="621"]]
272 += 5. Install stand-alone LoRa Packet Forwarder =
259 259  
260 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.jpg]]
274 +== 5.1 Choose the right installation package for your OS ==
261 261  
262 - Different PG1302 hardware version can support different frequency range:
263 263  
264 - ➢ 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
277 +(((
278 +**draginofwd-32bit (RPI, Orange PI)**
265 265  
266 - ➢ 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
280 +**Download URL:** https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-32bit.deb
267 267  
282 +**Linux Command:** wget https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-32bit.deb && dpkg -i draginofwd-32bit.deb
268 268  
269 - After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the
270 270  
271 - page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
285 +**dragino-64bit (RPI, Orange PI)**
272 272  
273 - Note *: See this instruction for how to customize frequency band
287 +**Download URL: **https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-64bit.deb
288 +)))
274 274  
275 - [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
290 +**Linux Command: **wget https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-64bit.deb && dpkg -i draginofwd-64bit.deb
276 276  
277 277  
278 -4.4.3 LoRaWAN Page
293 +**dragino-tiker-32bit (Tinker Board)**
279 279  
280 - 4.4.3.1 Semtech UDP
295 +**Download URL: **https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-tinker-32bit.deb
281 281  
297 +**Linux Command: **wget https:~/~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/draginofwd-tinker-32bit.deb && dpkg -i draginofwd-tinker-32bit.deb
282 282  
283 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
284 -[[image:1651744767914-283.png||height="352" width="621"]]
285 285  
300 +**Install details:**
286 286  
287 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.jpg]]
302 +[[image:image-20220928181226-1.png||height="218" width="1100"]]
288 288  
289 - Note *: See this instruction for how to configure TTN.
290 290  
291 - [[https:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_TTN>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_TTN]]
305 +RPI in this example is RPI model 4B with fresh Raspbian OS install.
292 292  
307 +(% class="box" %)
308 +(((
309 +**~ pi@raspberrypi:~~$ cat /etc/os-release
310 + PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)"
311 + NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux"
312 + VERSION_ID="8"
313 + VERSION="8 (jessie)"
314 + ID=raspbian
315 + ID_LIKE=debian
316 + HOME_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/"
317 + SUPPORT_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/RaspbianForums"
318 + BUG_REPORT_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/RaspbianBugs"**
293 293  
294 -4.4.3.2 Basic Station
320 +
321 +)))
295 295  
296 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
297 -[[image:1651744890629-683.png||height="380" width="621"]]
298 298  
299 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.jpg]]
324 +== 5.2 Select the mode of connection to the server ==
300 300  
301 - Note *: See this instruction for how to configure TTN.
302 302  
303 - [[https:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core]]
327 +The Dragino LoRa Packet Forware supports the Semtech UDP and Basic Station mode.
304 304  
329 +The User can choose one of the methods as the connection mode.
305 305  
306 -4.4.4 LogRead
307 307  
308 - 4.4.4.1 LoRa Log
332 +**~1. Semtech UDP Mode  ~-~-> 5.2.1**
309 309  
310 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
311 -[[image:1651744955955-452.png||height="571" width="621"]]
334 +**2. Basic Station Mode  ~-~-> 5.2.2**
312 312  
313 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.jpg]]
314 314  
315 - Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
337 +=== 5.2.1 Semtech UDP Mode ===
316 316  
317 317  
318 -4.4.4.2 System Log
340 +==== **a). Get a gateway EUI from the device ETH MAC.** ====
319 319  
320 - Show system log.
321 321  
322 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
323 -[[image:1651745003470-264.png||height="477" width="621"]]
343 +In RPI, run the below command to get a Gateway ID
324 324  
345 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
346 +(((
347 +**~ ifconfig eth0**
348 +)))
325 325  
326 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.jpg]]
350 +[[image:1651745210205-512.png||height="130" width="621"]]
327 327  
328 -4.4.4.3 Record Log
329 329  
353 +(((
354 +(((
355 +We got the ether (eth0 MAC) address is b8:27:eb:49:62:bc). Add ffff at the end and remove “:” to get the gateway ID: b827ebxxxxbcffff.  Input this to TTN v3. Make sure to select legacy packet forwarder.
330 330  
331 -**Record the system log.**
332 332  
333 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
334 -[[image:1651745069814-662.png||height="144" width="621"]]
335 335  
336 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.jpg]]
359 +==== **b). Input this Gateway EUI to the TTN-Stack** ====
337 337  
338 -5. Install stand alone LoRa Packet Forwarder.
361 +
362 +)))
363 +)))
339 339  
340 - 5.1 OS requirement
365 +[[image:1651745267862-321.png||height="526" width="621"]]
341 341  
342 - RPI in this example is RPI model 4B with fresh Raspbian OS install.
367 +[[image:1651745306744-481.png||height="478" width="621"]]
343 343  
344 - pi@raspberrypi:~~$ cat /etc/os-release
345 345  
346 - PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)"
347 347  
348 - NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux"
371 +==== **c). After Register, the status should show not connected as below:** ====
349 349  
350 - VERSION_ID="8"
351 351  
352 - VERSION="8 (jessie)"
374 +[[image:1651745366987-458.png||height="363" width="621"]]
353 353  
354 - ID=raspbian
355 355  
356 - ID_LIKE=debian
357 357  
358 - HOME_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/"
378 +==== **d). Enable SPI and I2C on your device** ====
359 359  
360 - SUPPORT_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/RaspbianForums"
361 361  
362 - BUG_REPORT_URL="http:~/~/www.raspbian.org/RaspbianBugs"
381 +**the below example is using Raspberry 4B.**
363 363  
364 364  
365 -5.2 Get Gateway ID in Raspberry and input this in TTN v3.
384 +Run (% style="background-color:yellow" %) **sudo raspi-config**(%%) to open the config window
366 366  
367 - In RPI, run below command to get a Gateway ID
386 +[[image:1651745476754-240.png||height="234" width="629"]]
368 368  
369 - ifconfig eth0
370 370  
371 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
389 +[[image:image-20220505181135-1.png]]
390 +
391 +
392 +[[image:image-20220505181135-2.png||height="229" width="622"]]
393 +
394 +
395 +
396 +==== **e). Access the root account:** ====
397 +
398 +(((
399 +[[image:1651745583363-614.png||height="151" width="732"]]
400 +
401 +
402 +
403 +)))
404 +
405 +==== **f). Modify the configuration of FWD** ====
406 +
407 +
408 +(((
409 +After installation, user can find the configuration file in** (% style="color:#0000ff" %)/etc/lora/ (%%)**Replace the gateway ID we got above to the (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**gateway_ID** (%%)in file (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**local_conf.json.**
410 +)))
411 +
412 +(((
413 +The default LoRaWAN server points to localhost, user need to put the correct server address to the server_address field in file (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**local_conf.json**(%%), like below.
414 +
415 +
416 +the User can find the lora configuration directory in (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**/etc/lora/**(%%) there are the cfg-302 directory and the global_conf.json, and local_conf.json files.
417 +
418 +/etc/lora/
419 +├── cfg-302  ~-~--> global configuration file
420 +├── devskey  ~-~--> Database
421 +├── global_conf.json  ~-~--> Frequency plan for current applications
422 +└── local_conf.json  ~-~--> Local fwd configuration
423 +
424 +At default, the users need to change two configurations file: global_conf.json and local_conf.json.
425 +
426 +
427 +===== **1.) Configure gateway EUI and server address, port for fwd** =====
428 +
429 +
430 +)))
431 +
432 +[[image:1651745709709-887.png||height="820" width="621"]]
433 +
434 +
435 +**Note: Users can find the TTN v3 server address from [[Server Addresses ~| The Things Stack for LoRaWAN (thethingsindustries.com)>>url:https://www.thethingsindustries.com/docs/getting-started/server-addresses/#deployments]]**
436 +
437 +
438 +===== **2). Override the global_conf.json file by selecting the appropriate frequency plan for your region in cfg-302** =====
439 +
440 +
441 +the default frequency band is US915 in the (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**global_conf.json**(%%) file.
442 +
443 +[[image:1651745838008-820.png||height="650" width="621"]]
444 +
445 +
446 +If the user wants to change to other frequency bands, the User can copy the file from(% style="color:#0000ff" %)** /etc/lora/cfg-302**(%%) ** **and put it into** (% style="color:#0000ff" %)/etc/lora/global_conf.json(%%).**
447 +
448 +**//eg: cp /etc/lora/cfg-302/EU-global_conf.json /etc/lora/global_conf.json //**
449 +
450 +
451 +
452 +====== **Selecting the appropriate frequency plan for your region in cfg-302.** ======
453 +
454 +[[image:1651745867516-322.png||height="83" width="740"]]
455 +
456 +
457 +====== **Override the global_conf.json** ======
458 +
459 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
460 +(((
461 +**cp /etc/lora/cfg-302/EU-global_conf.json /etc/lora/global_conf.json**
462 +)))
463 +
464 +[[image:1651745984006-868.png||height="87" width="745"]]
465 +
466 +
467 +==== (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:23px" %)**g). Running the Fwd Server**(%%) ====
468 +
469 +
470 +(((
471 +Run the below command to restart the dragino_fwd:
472 +)))
473 +
474 +(((
475 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
476 +(((
477 +**sudo systemctl start draginofwd**
478 +)))
479 +)))
480 +
481 +(((
482 +debug check the ruing status of fwd:
483 +)))
484 +
485 +(((
486 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
487 +(((
488 +**sudo systemctl status draginofwd**
489 +)))
490 +)))
491 +
492 +[[image:1651746045057-414.png||height="193" width="729"]]
493 +
494 +
495 +Wait for a few minutes, the gateway will be online/active on the TTN-Stack.
496 +
497 +[[image:1651746078253-168.png||height="372" width="621"]]
498 +
499 +
500 +
501 +Get the draginofwd real-time running log:
502 +
503 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
504 +(((
505 +**~ sudo journalctl -u draginofwd -f**
506 +)))
507 +
508 +[[image:1651746111963-838.png||height="184" width="730"]]
509 +
510 +
511 +
512 + If there are LoRaWAN nodes transmitting nearby, we can see the traffic in (% style="color:#037691" %)**TTN v3 –> Gateway ~-~-> Live data**
513 +
514 +[[image:1651746139304-966.png||height="326" width="621"]]
515 +
516 +
517 +==== **h). Commands to handle service** ====
518 +
519 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Stop** (%%)dragino_fwd service:  sudo systemctl stop draginofwd
520 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Disable**(%%) dragino_fwd auto run after boot: sudo systemctl disable draginofwd
521 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Start** (%%)dragino_fwd : sudo systemctl start draginofwd
522 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Auto run**(%%) dragino_fwd after boot:  sudo systemctl enable draginofwd
523 +* (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**Show status** (%%)of dragino_fwd:  sudo systemctl status draginofwd
524 +
525 +=== 5.2.2 Basic Station Mode. ===
526 +
527 +
528 +==== **a). Get a gateway EUI from the device ETH MAC.** ====
529 +
530 +
531 +In RPI, run the below command to get a Gateway EUI
532 +
533 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
534 +(((
535 +**~ ifconfig eth0**
536 +)))
537 +
372 372  [[image:1651745210205-512.png||height="130" width="621"]]
373 373  
374 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image034.gif]]
375 375  
376 - We got the ether (eth0 MAC) address is b8:27:eb:49:62:bc). Add ffff at the end and remove “:” to get the gateway ID: b827ebxxxxbcffff. Input this to TTN v3. Make sure to select legacy packet forwarder.
541 +(((
542 +(((
543 +We got the ether (eth0 MAC) address is b8:27:eb:49:62:bc). Add ffff at the end and remove “:” to get the gateway ID: b827ebxxxxbcffff.  Input this to TTN v3. Make sure to select legacy packet forwarder.
544 +)))
545 +)))
377 377  
378 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
379 -[[image:1651745267862-321.png||height="526" width="621"]]
380 380  
381 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.jpg]]
382 382  
383 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image038.jpg]]
549 +==== **b). Register the gateway with the Basic Station Mode on the TTN-Stack** ====
384 384  
385 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
386 -[[image:1651745306744-481.png||height="478" width="621"]]
387 387  
388 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
389 -[[image:1651745366987-458.png||height="363" width="621"]]
552 +[[image:image-20230329164417-5.png]]
390 390  
391 -After set up, the status should show not connected as below:
392 392  
393 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image040.jpg]]
394 394  
395 -5.2.1 Download and install LoRaWAN packet forwarder
556 +==== **c). Download the gateway API keys, and then upload them to the gateway.** ====
396 396  
397 397  
398 - Enable SPI and I2C first:
559 +[[image:image-20230329164704-6.png]]
399 399  
400 - a)SPI needs to be enabled on the Raspberry Pi
401 401  
402 - Run sudo raspi-config to open the config window
562 +==== **d). The status Shows disconnect.** ====
403 403  
404 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
405 -[[image:1651745476754-240.png||height="235" width="631"]]
406 406  
565 +[[image:image-20230329165619-7.png||height="568" width="948"]]
407 407  
408 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
409 -[[image:image-20220505181135-1.png]]
410 410  
411 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
412 -[[image:image-20220505181135-2.png]]
568 +==== **e.) Uploda API keys into the gateway** ====
413 413  
414 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image044.jpg]]
415 415  
416 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image046.jpg]]
571 +the User can find the Basic Station configuration directory in (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**/etc/station/**(%%) there is the station.conf files, and ttnstack directory.
417 417  
573 +//**directory tree:**//
418 418  
575 +///etc/station/
576 +├── station.conf 
577 +└── ttnstack  ~-~--> ** ttnstack configuration file directory**
578 + ├── cups.trust  ~-~-->  ttnstack auth file
579 + ├── cups.uri  ~-~-->  ttnstack server URI file
580 + └── station.conf  ~-~-~-~-> backup configuration file//
419 419  
420 420  
421 421  
422 - In RPI , Fist: Enter root account:
584 +**and then upload the downloaded keys to this directory((% style="color:#0000ff" %)/etc/station/(%%))**
423 423  
424 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
425 -[[image:1651745583363-614.png]]
586 +eg:
426 426  
427 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image048.jpg]]
588 +/etc/station/
589 +├── cups.key  ~-~--> uploaded by you
590 +├── lns.key  ~-~--> uploaded by you
591 +├── station.conf
428 428  
429 - and then run:
430 430  
431 - wget [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/auto_install.sh>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/PG1302/software/auto_install.sh]]
594 +==== **f). Configure gateway EUI and server address** ====
432 432  
433 - chmod +x ./auto_install.sh
434 434  
435 - ./auto_install.sh
597 +[[image:image-20230329195650-10.png]]
436 436  
437 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
438 -[[image:1651745611629-818.png]]
439 439  
440 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image050.gif]]
600 +After the user enters the correct parameters, the server will be run automatically
441 441  
442 - This will download the packet forwarder package from Dragino Server to RPI, and start install the package.
443 443  
444 - You can get these output:
603 +Tree Directory:
445 445  
446 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
447 -[[image:1651745657252-173.png||height="426" width="621"]]
605 +/etc/station/
606 +├── cups.key
607 +├── cups.trust
608 +├── cups.uri
609 +├── lns.key
610 +├── start-configure.sh
611 +├── station.conf
612 +└── ttnstack
613 + ├── cups.trust
614 + ├── cups.uri
615 + └── station.conf
448 448  
449 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image052.jpg]]
450 450  
451 -5.5.2 Config Gateway ID, Frequency Band and Server address
618 +==== **g). Check station running log** ====
452 452  
453 - After installation, user can find the configuration file in** /etc/lora/ **Replace the gateway ID we got above to the **gateway_ID** in file **local_conf.json**
454 454  
455 - The default LoRaWAN server points to localhost, user need to put the correct server address to the server_address field in file **local_conf.json**, like below.
621 +tail -f /var/log/station.log
456 456  
457 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
458 -[[image:1651745709709-887.png||height="820" width="621"]]
459 459  
460 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image054.jpg]]
624 +[[image:image-20230329201624-11.png]]
461 461  
462 - User can find the TTN v3 server address from:
463 463  
464 - [[Server Addresses ~| The Things Stack for LoRaWAN (thethingsindustries.com)>>url:https://www.thethingsindustries.com/docs/getting-started/server-addresses/#deployments]]
465 465  
628 += 6. Add GPS support in PG1302 =
466 466  
467 - And the default frequency band is US915 in **global_conf.json** file.
630 +The PG1302 supports GPS:
468 468  
469 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
470 -[[image:1651745838008-820.png||height="650" width="621"]]
632 +[[image:image-20240118160132-1.png||height="270" width="338"]]
471 471  
472 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image056.jpg]]
473 473  
474 -* If user want to change to other frequency bands, User can copy the file from **/etc/lora/cfg-302 **and put it into** /etc/lora/global_conf.json.**
635 +* **The users can find the GPS device in Raspberry: /dev/ttyS0 or /dev/ttyAMA0**
475 475  
476 - 1).Chose your need the name of region frequency.
637 + [[image:image-20240118160407-2.png||height="71" width="458"]]
477 477  
478 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
479 -[[image:1651745867516-322.png]]
480 480  
640 +* **Check the GPS output: cat /dev/ttyS0**
481 481  
482 - 2). Use this command to copy it.
642 + [[image:image-20240118160454-3.png]]
483 483  
484 - cp /etc/lora/cfg-302/EU-global_conf.json /etc/lora/global_conf.json
485 485  
486 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
487 -[[image:1651745984006-868.png]]
645 +* **Add the GPS to the Semtech UDP package forwarder configuration.**
488 488  
489 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image060.jpg]]
647 + [[image:image-20240118160928-4.png||height="426" width="464"]]
490 490  
491 -* If user wants to change to other LoRaWAN server, modify the **global_conf.json** file.
492 492  
493 -5.2.3 Check result
650 +* **Test GPS function**
494 494  
495 - Run below command to restart the dragino_fwd:
652 +**~ 1.) Stop IoT service: systemctl stop draginofwd**
496 496  
497 - sudo systemctl stop draginofwd
498 498  
499 - sudo systemctl start draginofwd
655 +**~ 2.) Run the fwd command and check the output**
500 500  
501 - debug check the ruing status of fwd:
502 502  
503 - sudo systemctl status draginofwd
658 + [[image:image-20240118161109-5.png]]
504 504  
505 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
506 -[[image:1651746045057-414.png]]
507 507  
508 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.jpg]]
661 +**~ 3.) Trouble Shooting:**
509 509  
510 - The dragino_fwd will start with the new gateway ID and TTN v3 should show the connection ok:
663 + If you get many WARNING outputs, which should be the GPS location is invalid, you need to adjust the GPS location, it is recommended to put it outdoors
511 511  
512 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
513 -[[image:1651746078253-168.png||height="372" width="621"]]
514 514  
515 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.jpg]]
666 + [[image:image-20240118161333-6.png]]
516 516  
517 517  
518 - We can check dragino_fwd running states in RPi by running:
669 + The user can check the PG1302 board GPS LED status to check the location,
519 519  
520 - sudo journalctl -u draginofwd -f
671 + GPS location is valid  ~-~--> GPS LED will light up
521 521  
522 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
523 -[[image:1651746111963-838.png]]
673 + GPS location is invalid ~-~--> GPS LED will light down
524 524  
525 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image066.gif]]
526 526  
676 + [[image:image-20240118162033-7.png]]
527 527  
528 - If there are LoRaWAN nodes transmits nearby, we can see the traffic in TTN v3 –> Gateway ~-~-> Live data
529 529  
530 -(% style="text-align:center" %)
531 -[[image:1651746139304-966.png||height="326" width="621"]]
532 532  
533 -[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image068.jpg]]
680 += 7. Trouble Shooting =
534 534  
535 -5.2.4 Commands to handle service
682 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
683 +7.1 Failed to start the concentrator how to debug
536 536  
537 -* **Stop** dragino_fwd service:  sudo systemctl stop draginofwd
538 -* **Disable** dragino_fwd auto run after boot: sudo systemctl disable draginofwd
539 -* **Start** dragino_fwd : sudo systemctl start draginofwd
540 -* **Auto run** dragino_fwd after boot:  sudo systemctl enable draginofwd
541 -* **Show status** of dragino_fwd:  sudo systemctl status draginofwd
542 542  
543 -6. Order Info
686 +--When the problem "failed to start the concentrator" occurs, the user needs to check whether the I2C and SPI are enabled,--
544 544  
545 - Part Number: **PG1302-XX**  Or Part Number: **PG1302-PI-XX   **(Include RPi converter board for RPI 3/4)
688 +--Users can enter the following command to check whether I2C is detected, and the detection of **"60"** is correct.--
546 546  
547 -**~ XX:**
690 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
691 +(((
692 +--**i2cdetect -y 1**--
693 +)))
548 548  
549 -* 868 (For Bands: EU868,IN865)
550 -* 915 (For Bands: US915,AU915,AS923,KR920)
551 -* 470 (For Band: CN470)
695 +**Note: This method has been removed because the i2c had been removed on the latest PG1302.**
552 552  
553 -7. Packing Info
554 554  
555 -**~ PG1302 Package Includes**:
556 556  
699 +Check whether the SPI path of the configuration file is correct,
700 +
701 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
702 +(((
703 +**cat /etc/lora/global_conf.json **
704 +)))
705 +
706 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
707 +[[image:image-20230518092732-2.png||height="378" width="691"]]
708 +
709 +
710 +
711 += 8. Order Info =
712 +
713 +
714 +Part Number: (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**PG1302-XX**   (%%) Or  Part Number: (% style="color:#0000ff" %)**PG1302-PI-XX   **(%%)(Include RPi converter board for RPI 3/4)
715 +
716 +**~ (% style="color:#0000ff" %)XX:(%%)**
717 +
718 +* (% style="color:red" %)**868** (%%)(For Bands: EU868,IN865)
719 +* (% style="color:red" %)**915** (%%)(For Bands: US915,AU915,AS923,KR920)
720 +* (% style="color:red" %)**470** (%%)(For Band: CN470)
721 +
722 += 9. Packing Info =
723 +
724 +
725 +(((
726 +**PG1302 Package Includes**:
727 +)))
728 +
729 +(((
557 557  * PG1302 x 1
558 558  * LoRa Antenna x 1
732 +)))
559 559  
560 -**~ PG1302-PI Package Includes**:
561 561  
735 +
736 +(((
737 +**PG1302-PI Package Includes**:
738 +)))
739 +
562 562  * PG1302 x 1
563 563  * LoRa Antenna x 1
564 564  * RPi3/4 converter PCB
565 565  * Screws to hole converter PCB on RPI.
566 566  
567 -8. Reference
745 +**PG1302-PI Dimension and weight: **
568 568  
569 -* Datasheet, User Manual & Software Download:
747 +* Device Size: 18 x 8 x 4 cm
748 +* Weight: 150g
570 570  
571 - [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/f6nbldh1qbspya5/AACgL6pDkwdBQO1BQqq_Nubwa?dl=0>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/f6nbldh1qbspya5/AACgL6pDkwdBQO1BQqq_Nubwa?dl=0]]
750 += 10. Support =
572 572  
573 573  
574 -9. Support
753 +(((
754 +If you are experiencing issues and can't solve, you can send mail to [[support@dragino.com>>mailto:support@dragino.com]].
755 +)))
575 575  
576 -* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
577 -* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to
578 -
579 - [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///D:/市场资料/说明书/LoRa/LT系列/support@dragino.com]]
580 -
581 -
582 -
757 +(((
758 +With your question as detail as possible. We will reply and help you in the shortest.
759 +)))
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