Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 98.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 11:55

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
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74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
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81.1	13
50.3	14
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94.2	20
96.2	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
94.2	22
96.2	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
94.2	24
	25
	26
95.4	27	(((
94.2	28	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
95.4	29	)))
94.2	30
95.4	31	(((
94.2	32	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
95.4	33	)))
94.2	34
95.4	35	(((
94.2	36	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
95.4	37	)))
94.2	38
95.4	39	(((
94.2	40	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
95.4	41	)))
94.2	42
75.2	43	(((
94.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
95.2	47	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	48
95.2	49
96.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
	52
95.2	53	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
95.5	63
	64
95.2	65	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	66
50.3	67	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	68	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	69	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	70	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	71	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	72	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	73	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	74
95.5	75
	76
95.2	77	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	78
50.3	79	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	80	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	81	* Tx power:
	82	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	83	** 11b tx power: 18db
	84	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	85	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	86	* Wifi Sensitivity
	87	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	88	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	89
95.5	90
	91
95.2	92	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	93
	94	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	95	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	96	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	97	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	98	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	99	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	100	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	101	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	102
95.5	103
	104
95.2	105	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	106
	107	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	108	* Micro SIM Slot
	109	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	110	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	111	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	112	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	113
	114
95.5	115
	116
96.2	117	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	118
	119
95.6	120	* Open Source OpenWrt system
	121	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
	122	* Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
	123	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	124	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	125	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	126	* Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
	127	* Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
	128	* Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
	129	* Support different level log in.
	130	* Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
	131	* Support LoRaWAN basic station.
	132	* Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
95.5	133
	134
	135
95.6	136
96.2	137	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	138
96.2	139	[[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
50.3	140
96.2	141
97.2	142	== 1.5 LPS8N Applications ==
50.3	143
97.2	144	[[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
50.3	145
	146
97.2	147	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	148
73.5	149	[[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
50.3	150
	151
	152	There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
	153
	154	(((
	155	(((
	156	* (((
	157	(% style="color:green" %)SOLID GREEN: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
	158	)))
	159	)))
	160
	161	* (((
	162	(% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)RED (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)YELLOW (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
	163	)))
	164	* (((
	165	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
97.3	166
	167
	168
	169
50.3	170	)))
	171	)))
	172
	173	== 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
	174
	175	DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
	176
73.5	177	[[image:1652412859663-161.png\|\|height="341" width="333"]]
50.3	178
	179	= 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
	180
	181	The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
	182
	183	== 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
	184
	185	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
	186
73.5	187	[[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
50.3	188
	189	At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password:
	190
73.5	191	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	192
	193	(% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
	194
75.3	195	(((
50.3	196	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
75.3	197	)))
50.3	198
	199	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
	200
73.5	201	[[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
50.3	202
	203
77.2	204	(((
50.3	205	Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
77.2	206	)))
50.3	207
	208	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
	209
73.5	210	[[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
50.3	211
	212
	213	If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
	214
	215	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	216
	217	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
	218
	219	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	220
	221	Web Interface
	222
	223	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	224
	225	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	226
	227	or
	228
	229	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	230
	231
	232	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	233
	234	The account details for Web Login are:
	235
	236	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	237
	238	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	239
73.5	240	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	241
	242	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	243
	244	== 3.1 Overview ==
	245
	246	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	247
	248	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	249	* WiFi Client Mode
	250	* WiFi AP Mode
	251	* Cellular Mode
	252
	253	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	254
	255	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	256
73.5	257	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	258
	259	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	260
	261	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	262
77.2	263	(((
50.3	264	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	265	)))
50.3	266
73.5	267	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	268
77.2	269	(((
50.3	270	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
77.2	271	)))
50.3	272
	273	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	274
	275	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	276
77.2	277	(((
50.3	278	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	279	)))
50.3	280
73.5	281	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	282
	283
80.2	284	(((
78.2	285	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	286	)))
50.3	287
77.2	288	(((
50.3	289	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	290	)))
50.3	291
77.2	292	(((
50.3	293	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	294	)))
50.3	295
80.2	296	(((
73.5	297	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	298	)))
50.3	299
	300	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	301
	302	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	303
	304	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	305
78.2	306	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	307	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	308	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	309
73.5	310	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	311
	312	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	313
	314	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	315
80.4	316	(((
73.5	317	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	318	)))
50.3	319
	320	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	321
80.9	322	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	323
	324	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	325
	326	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	327
78.3	328	(((
50.3	329	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	330	)))
50.3	331
80.4	332	(((
73.5	333	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	334	)))
50.3	335
80.4	336	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	337
	338	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	339
	340	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	341
73.5	342	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	343
	344	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	345
80.4	346	(((
73.5	347	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	348	)))
50.3	349
	350	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	351
	352	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	353	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	354	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	355	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	356
	357	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	358
73.5	359	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	360
	361	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	362
	363	Open the following page:
	364
73.5	365	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	366
73.5	367	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	368
80.4	369	(((
50.3	370	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	371	)))
50.3	372
	373	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	374
73.5	375	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	376
	377	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	378
80.4	379	(((
50.3	380	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	381	)))
50.3	382
80.4	383	(((
50.3	384	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	385	)))
50.3	386
80.4	387	(((
50.3	388	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	389	)))
50.3	390
73.5	391	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	392
	393	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	394
	395	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	396
73.5	397	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	398
	399	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	400
73.5	401	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	402
	403	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	404
	405	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	406
73.5	407	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	408
	409
	410	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	411
73.5	412	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	413
78.3	414	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	415
78.3	416	(((
50.3	417	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	418	)))
50.3	419
78.3	420	(((
50.3	421	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	422	)))
50.3	423
73.5	424	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	425
78.3	426	(((
50.3	427	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	428	)))
50.3	429
78.3	430	(((
50.3	431	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	432	)))
50.3	433
	434	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	435	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	436	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	437
78.3	438	(((
50.3	439	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	440	)))
50.3	441
73.5	442	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	443
78.3	444	(((
50.3	445	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	446	)))
50.3	447
78.3	448	(((
50.3	449	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	450	)))
50.3	451
78.3	452	(((
50.3	453	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	454	)))
50.3	455
73.5	456	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	457
	458	Open the Application select Add end device
	459
	460	Start Register the end device
	461
73.5	462	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	463
78.3	464	(((
50.3	465	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	466	)))
50.3	467
78.3	468	(((
50.3	469	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	470	)))
50.3	471
73.5	472	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	473
	474	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	475
73.5	476	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	477
	478	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	479
73.5	480	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	481
78.3	482	(((
50.3	483	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	484	)))
50.3	485
78.3	486	(((
50.3	487	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	488	)))
50.3	489
78.3	490	(((
50.3	491	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	492	)))
50.3	493
73.5	494	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	495
	496	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	497
	498	== 5.1 Home ==
	499
	500	Shows the system running status.
	501
73.5	502	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	503
	504	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	505
	506	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	507
78.4	508	(((
50.3	509	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	510	)))
50.3	511
78.4	512	(((
50.3	513	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	514	)))
50.3	515
	516	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	517	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	518
78.4	519	(((
50.3	520	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	521	)))
50.3	522
73.5	523	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	524
80.10	525	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	526
	527
	528	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	529
	530	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	531
	532	* No internet connection.
80.9	533	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	534
78.4	535	(((
80.10	536	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	537	)))
50.3	538
73.5	539	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	540
	541	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	542
	543	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	544
	545	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	546
73.5	547	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	548
	549	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	550
	551	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	552
	553	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	554
80.10	555	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	556
	557	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	558
73.5	559	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	560
78.4	561	(((
80.10	562	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	563	)))
50.3	564
	565	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	566
78.4	567	(((
50.3	568	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	569	)))
50.3	570
78.4	571	(((
80.10	572	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	573	)))
50.3	574
73.5	575	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	576
	577	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	578
	579	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	580
80.10	581	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	582
	583
73.5	584	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	585
	586	== 5.5 System ==
	587
	588	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	589
	590	Shows the system info:
	591
73.5	592	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	593
	594	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	595
73.5	596	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	597
78.5	598	(((
54.2	599	__System Password:__
78.5	600	)))
50.3	601
78.5	602	(((
54.2	603	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	604	)))
50.3	605
78.5	606	(((
50.3	607	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	608	)))
50.3	609
54.2	610	(((
78.5	611	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	612	)))
50.3	613
54.2	614	(((
78.5	615	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	616	)))
50.3	617
54.2	618	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	619
73.5	620	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	621
78.5	622	(((
	623	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	624	)))
50.3	625
54.2	626	(((
78.5	627	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	628	)))
50.3	629
54.2	630	(((
78.5	631	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	632
	633
54.2	634	)))
50.3	635
54.2	636	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	637
	638	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	639
73.5	640	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	641
54.2	642	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	643
	644	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	645
73.5	646	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	647
54.2	648	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	649
59.2	650	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	651
73.5	652	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	653
59.2	654	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	655
	656	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	657
73.5	658	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	659
73.5	660	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	661
73.5	662	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	663
	664	Please see this document for detail:
	665
80.4	666	(((
50.3	667	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	668	)))
50.3	669
	670
80.10	671	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	672
73.5	673	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	674
80.10	675
66.2	676	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	677
	678	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	679
	680	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	681
	682	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	683
	684	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	685
	686	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	687
78.5	688	(((
66.2	689	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	690	)))
50.3	691
78.5	692	(((
66.2	693	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	694	)))
50.3	695
73.5	696	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	697
	698	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	699
66.2	700	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	701
	702	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	703
73.5	704	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	705
66.2	706	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	707
66.2	708	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	709
66.2	710	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	711
66.2	712	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	713
66.2	714	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	715
73.5	716	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	717
73.7	718	(((
	719
	720	)))
50.3	721
66.2	722	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	723
73.5	724	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	725
	726	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	727
66.2	728	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	729
66.2	730	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	731
	732
	733	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	734
91.1	735	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	736
	737
	738	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	739
93.1	740	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	741
93.1	742	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	743
93.1	744
91.1	745	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	746
	747	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	748
	749
66.2	750	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	751
	752	Show the system log
	753
73.5	754	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	755
66.2	756	= 6. More features =
50.3	757
66.2	758	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	759
80.12	760	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	761
80.12	762
66.2	763	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	764
	765	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	766
66.2	767	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	768
	769	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	770
	771	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	772
	773	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	774
71.2	775	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	776
71.2	777	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	778
	779	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	780
73.5	781	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	782
71.2	783	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	784
73.5	785	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	786
80.13	787
67.3	788	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	789
78.5	790	(((
71.2	791	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	792	)))
50.3	793
78.5	794	(((
50.3	795	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	796	)))
50.3	797
78.5	798	(((
50.3	799	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	800	)))
50.3	801
78.5	802	(((
50.3	803	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	804	)))
50.3	805
73.5	806	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	807
	808
71.3	809	== 7.3 File System ==
	810
78.6	811	(((
50.3	812	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	813	)))
50.3	814
78.6	815	(((
50.3	816	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	817	)))
50.3	818
78.6	819	(((
50.3	820	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	821	)))
50.3	822
71.6	823
71.3	824	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	825
71.3	826	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	827
78.6	828	(((
71.3	829	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	830	)))
50.3	831
78.6	832	(((
71.6	833	In Linux Console run:
78.6	834	)))
50.3	835
71.6	836	(((
71.7	837	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	838	)))
50.3	839
71.6	840	(((
	841	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	842	)))
50.3	843
71.6	844	(((
	845	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	846	)))
50.3	847
	848	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	849
	850
71.6	851	(((
71.7	852	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	853	)))
50.3	854
71.6	855	(((
71.7	856	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	857	)))
50.3	858
71.6	859	(((
73.3	860	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	861	)))
50.3	862
71.6	863	(((
71.7	864	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	865	)))
50.3	866
71.6	867	(((
73.3	868	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	869	)))
50.3	870
71.6	871	(((
71.7	872	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	873	)))
50.3	874
71.6	875	(((
71.7	876	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	877	)))
50.3	878
73.2	879	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	880
71.7	881
73.2	882	= 9. FAQ =
	883
71.6	884	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	885
78.6	886	(((
80.10	887	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	888	)))
50.3	889
78.6	890	(((
80.10	891
78.6	892	)))
50.3	893
71.6	894	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	895
80.10	896	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	897
73.2	898
71.6	899	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	900
78.6	901	(((
50.3	902	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	903	)))
50.3	904
78.6	905	(((
50.3	906	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	907	)))
50.3	908
73.2	909
71.6	910	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	911
	912	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	913
71.7	914
73.2	915	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	916
71.6	917	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	918
	919	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	920
73.3	921	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	922
73.5	923	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	924
73.3	925	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	926
73.3	927	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	928
73.3	929	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	930
73.3	931	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	932
78.6	933	(((
50.3	934	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	935	)))
50.3	936
73.3	937	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	938
73.2	939
71.6	940	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	941
78.6	942	(((
80.11	943	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	944	)))
50.3	945
78.6	946	(((
80.11	947
78.6	948	)))
50.3	949
71.6	950	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	951
73.5	952	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	953
78.6	954	(((
50.3	955	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	956	)))
50.3	957
73.5	958	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	959
	960
	961	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	962
73.2	963	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	964
	965	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	966	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	967	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	968
	969	As below photo:
	970
73.5	971	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	972
73.2	973	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	974
	975	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	976
73.5	977
71.7	978	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	979
73.6	980	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	981
73.6	982	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	983
73.6	984	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	985	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	986
73.6	987	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	988
73.6	989	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	990	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	991	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	992	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	993
	994	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	995
73.6	996
71.7	997	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	998
78.6	999	(((
50.3	1000	Package Includes:
78.6	1001	)))
50.3	1002
	1003	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	1004	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	1005	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1006
78.6	1007	(((
50.3	1008	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1009	)))
50.3	1010
	1011	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	1012	* Weight: 187g
	1013	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	1014	* Weight: 300g
	1015
71.7	1016	= 13. Support =
50.3	1017
80.15	1018	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1019	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1020	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1021	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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