Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 95.6 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 11:43

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
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74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
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81.1	13
50.3	14
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94.2	20
	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
	22
	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
	24
	25
	26
95.4	27	(((
94.2	28	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
95.4	29	)))
94.2	30
95.4	31	(((
94.2	32	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
95.4	33	)))
94.2	34
95.4	35	(((
94.2	36	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
95.4	37	)))
94.2	38
95.4	39	(((
94.2	40	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
95.4	41	)))
94.2	42
75.2	43	(((
94.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
95.2	47	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	48
95.2	49
50.3	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
	51
	52
95.2	53	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
95.5	63
	64
95.2	65	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	66
50.3	67	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	68	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	69	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	70	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	71	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	72	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	73	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	74
95.5	75
	76
95.2	77	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	78
50.3	79	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	80	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	81	* Tx power:
	82	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	83	** 11b tx power: 18db
	84	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	85	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	86	* Wifi Sensitivity
	87	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	88	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	89
95.5	90
	91
95.2	92	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	93
	94	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	95	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	96	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	97	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	98	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	99	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	100	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	101	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	102
95.5	103
	104
95.2	105	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	106
	107	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	108	* Micro SIM Slot
	109	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	110	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	111	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	112	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	113
	114
95.5	115
	116
50.3	117	== 1.3 Features ==
	118
	119
95.6	120	* Open Source OpenWrt system
	121	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
	122	* Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
	123	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	124	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	125	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	126	* Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
	127	* Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
	128	* Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
	129	* Support different level log in.
	130	* Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
	131	* Support LoRaWAN basic station.
	132	* Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
95.5	133
	134
	135
95.6	136
50.3	137	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
	138
75.3	139	[[image:1652411641871-482.png\|\|height="416" width="716"]]
50.3	140
	141	== 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
	142
73.5	143	[[image:1652411671209-920.png\|\|height="618" width="650"]]
50.3	144
	145	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	146
73.5	147	[[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
50.3	148
	149
	150	There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
	151
	152	(((
	153	(((
	154	* (((
	155	(% style="color:green" %)SOLID GREEN: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
	156	)))
	157	)))
	158
	159	* (((
	160	(% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)RED (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)YELLOW (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
	161	)))
	162	* (((
	163	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
	164	)))
	165	)))
	166
	167	== 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
	168
	169	DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
	170
73.5	171	[[image:1652412859663-161.png\|\|height="341" width="333"]]
50.3	172
	173	= 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
	174
	175	The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
	176
	177	== 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
	178
	179	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
	180
73.5	181	[[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
50.3	182
	183	At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password:
	184
73.5	185	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	186
	187	(% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
	188
75.3	189	(((
50.3	190	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
75.3	191	)))
50.3	192
	193	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
	194
73.5	195	[[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
50.3	196
	197
77.2	198	(((
50.3	199	Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
77.2	200	)))
50.3	201
	202	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
	203
73.5	204	[[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
50.3	205
	206
	207	If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
	208
	209	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	210
	211	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
	212
	213	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	214
	215	Web Interface
	216
	217	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	218
	219	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	220
	221	or
	222
	223	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	224
	225
	226	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	227
	228	The account details for Web Login are:
	229
	230	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	231
	232	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	233
73.5	234	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	235
	236	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	237
	238	== 3.1 Overview ==
	239
	240	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	241
	242	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	243	* WiFi Client Mode
	244	* WiFi AP Mode
	245	* Cellular Mode
	246
	247	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	248
	249	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	250
73.5	251	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	252
	253	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	254
	255	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	256
77.2	257	(((
50.3	258	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	259	)))
50.3	260
73.5	261	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	262
77.2	263	(((
50.3	264	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
77.2	265	)))
50.3	266
	267	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	268
	269	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	270
77.2	271	(((
50.3	272	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	273	)))
50.3	274
73.5	275	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	276
	277
80.2	278	(((
78.2	279	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	280	)))
50.3	281
77.2	282	(((
50.3	283	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	284	)))
50.3	285
77.2	286	(((
50.3	287	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	288	)))
50.3	289
80.2	290	(((
73.5	291	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	292	)))
50.3	293
	294	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	295
	296	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	297
	298	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	299
78.2	300	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	301	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	302	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	303
73.5	304	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	305
	306	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	307
	308	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	309
80.4	310	(((
73.5	311	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	312	)))
50.3	313
	314	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	315
80.9	316	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	317
	318	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	319
	320	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	321
78.3	322	(((
50.3	323	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	324	)))
50.3	325
80.4	326	(((
73.5	327	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	328	)))
50.3	329
80.4	330	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	331
	332	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	333
	334	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	335
73.5	336	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	337
	338	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	339
80.4	340	(((
73.5	341	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	342	)))
50.3	343
	344	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	345
	346	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	347	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	348	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	349	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	350
	351	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	352
73.5	353	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	354
	355	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	356
	357	Open the following page:
	358
73.5	359	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	360
73.5	361	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	362
80.4	363	(((
50.3	364	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	365	)))
50.3	366
	367	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	368
73.5	369	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	370
	371	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	372
80.4	373	(((
50.3	374	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	375	)))
50.3	376
80.4	377	(((
50.3	378	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	379	)))
50.3	380
80.4	381	(((
50.3	382	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	383	)))
50.3	384
73.5	385	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	386
	387	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	388
	389	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	390
73.5	391	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	392
	393	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	394
73.5	395	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	396
	397	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	398
	399	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	400
73.5	401	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	402
	403
	404	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	405
73.5	406	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	407
78.3	408	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	409
78.3	410	(((
50.3	411	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	412	)))
50.3	413
78.3	414	(((
50.3	415	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	416	)))
50.3	417
73.5	418	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	419
78.3	420	(((
50.3	421	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	422	)))
50.3	423
78.3	424	(((
50.3	425	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	426	)))
50.3	427
	428	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	429	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	430	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	431
78.3	432	(((
50.3	433	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	434	)))
50.3	435
73.5	436	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	437
78.3	438	(((
50.3	439	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	440	)))
50.3	441
78.3	442	(((
50.3	443	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	444	)))
50.3	445
78.3	446	(((
50.3	447	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	448	)))
50.3	449
73.5	450	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	451
	452	Open the Application select Add end device
	453
	454	Start Register the end device
	455
73.5	456	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	457
78.3	458	(((
50.3	459	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	460	)))
50.3	461
78.3	462	(((
50.3	463	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	464	)))
50.3	465
73.5	466	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	467
	468	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	469
73.5	470	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	471
	472	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	473
73.5	474	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	475
78.3	476	(((
50.3	477	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	478	)))
50.3	479
78.3	480	(((
50.3	481	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	482	)))
50.3	483
78.3	484	(((
50.3	485	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	486	)))
50.3	487
73.5	488	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	489
	490	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	491
	492	== 5.1 Home ==
	493
	494	Shows the system running status.
	495
73.5	496	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	497
	498	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	499
	500	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	501
78.4	502	(((
50.3	503	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	504	)))
50.3	505
78.4	506	(((
50.3	507	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	508	)))
50.3	509
	510	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	511	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	512
78.4	513	(((
50.3	514	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	515	)))
50.3	516
73.5	517	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	518
80.10	519	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	520
	521
	522	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	523
	524	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	525
	526	* No internet connection.
80.9	527	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	528
78.4	529	(((
80.10	530	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	531	)))
50.3	532
73.5	533	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	534
	535	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	536
	537	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	538
	539	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	540
73.5	541	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	542
	543	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	544
	545	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	546
	547	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	548
80.10	549	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	550
	551	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	552
73.5	553	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	554
78.4	555	(((
80.10	556	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	557	)))
50.3	558
	559	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	560
78.4	561	(((
50.3	562	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	563	)))
50.3	564
78.4	565	(((
80.10	566	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	567	)))
50.3	568
73.5	569	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	570
	571	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	572
	573	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	574
80.10	575	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	576
	577
73.5	578	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	579
	580	== 5.5 System ==
	581
	582	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	583
	584	Shows the system info:
	585
73.5	586	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	587
	588	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	589
73.5	590	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	591
78.5	592	(((
54.2	593	__System Password:__
78.5	594	)))
50.3	595
78.5	596	(((
54.2	597	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	598	)))
50.3	599
78.5	600	(((
50.3	601	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	602	)))
50.3	603
54.2	604	(((
78.5	605	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	606	)))
50.3	607
54.2	608	(((
78.5	609	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	610	)))
50.3	611
54.2	612	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	613
73.5	614	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	615
78.5	616	(((
	617	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	618	)))
50.3	619
54.2	620	(((
78.5	621	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	622	)))
50.3	623
54.2	624	(((
78.5	625	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	626
	627
54.2	628	)))
50.3	629
54.2	630	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	631
	632	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	633
73.5	634	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	635
54.2	636	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	637
	638	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	639
73.5	640	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	641
54.2	642	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	643
59.2	644	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	645
73.5	646	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	647
59.2	648	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	649
	650	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	651
73.5	652	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	653
73.5	654	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	655
73.5	656	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	657
	658	Please see this document for detail:
	659
80.4	660	(((
50.3	661	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	662	)))
50.3	663
	664
80.10	665	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	666
73.5	667	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	668
80.10	669
66.2	670	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	671
	672	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	673
	674	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	675
	676	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	677
	678	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	679
	680	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	681
78.5	682	(((
66.2	683	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	684	)))
50.3	685
78.5	686	(((
66.2	687	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	688	)))
50.3	689
73.5	690	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	691
	692	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	693
66.2	694	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	695
	696	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	697
73.5	698	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	699
66.2	700	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	701
66.2	702	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	703
66.2	704	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	705
66.2	706	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	707
66.2	708	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	709
73.5	710	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	711
73.7	712	(((
	713
	714	)))
50.3	715
66.2	716	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	717
73.5	718	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	719
	720	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	721
66.2	722	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	723
66.2	724	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	725
	726
	727	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	728
91.1	729	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	730
	731
	732	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	733
93.1	734	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	735
93.1	736	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	737
93.1	738
91.1	739	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	740
	741	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	742
	743
66.2	744	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	745
	746	Show the system log
	747
73.5	748	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	749
66.2	750	= 6. More features =
50.3	751
66.2	752	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	753
80.12	754	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	755
80.12	756
66.2	757	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	758
	759	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	760
66.2	761	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	762
	763	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	764
	765	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	766
	767	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	768
71.2	769	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	770
71.2	771	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	772
	773	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	774
73.5	775	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	776
71.2	777	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	778
73.5	779	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	780
80.13	781
67.3	782	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	783
78.5	784	(((
71.2	785	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	786	)))
50.3	787
78.5	788	(((
50.3	789	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	790	)))
50.3	791
78.5	792	(((
50.3	793	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	794	)))
50.3	795
78.5	796	(((
50.3	797	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	798	)))
50.3	799
73.5	800	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	801
	802
71.3	803	== 7.3 File System ==
	804
78.6	805	(((
50.3	806	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	807	)))
50.3	808
78.6	809	(((
50.3	810	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	811	)))
50.3	812
78.6	813	(((
50.3	814	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	815	)))
50.3	816
71.6	817
71.3	818	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	819
71.3	820	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	821
78.6	822	(((
71.3	823	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	824	)))
50.3	825
78.6	826	(((
71.6	827	In Linux Console run:
78.6	828	)))
50.3	829
71.6	830	(((
71.7	831	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	832	)))
50.3	833
71.6	834	(((
	835	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	836	)))
50.3	837
71.6	838	(((
	839	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	840	)))
50.3	841
	842	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	843
	844
71.6	845	(((
71.7	846	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	847	)))
50.3	848
71.6	849	(((
71.7	850	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	851	)))
50.3	852
71.6	853	(((
73.3	854	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	855	)))
50.3	856
71.6	857	(((
71.7	858	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	859	)))
50.3	860
71.6	861	(((
73.3	862	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	863	)))
50.3	864
71.6	865	(((
71.7	866	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	867	)))
50.3	868
71.6	869	(((
71.7	870	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	871	)))
50.3	872
73.2	873	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	874
71.7	875
73.2	876	= 9. FAQ =
	877
71.6	878	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	879
78.6	880	(((
80.10	881	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	882	)))
50.3	883
78.6	884	(((
80.10	885
78.6	886	)))
50.3	887
71.6	888	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	889
80.10	890	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	891
73.2	892
71.6	893	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	894
78.6	895	(((
50.3	896	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	897	)))
50.3	898
78.6	899	(((
50.3	900	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	901	)))
50.3	902
73.2	903
71.6	904	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	905
	906	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	907
71.7	908
73.2	909	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	910
71.6	911	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	912
	913	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	914
73.3	915	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	916
73.5	917	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	918
73.3	919	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	920
73.3	921	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	922
73.3	923	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	924
73.3	925	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	926
78.6	927	(((
50.3	928	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	929	)))
50.3	930
73.3	931	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	932
73.2	933
71.6	934	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	935
78.6	936	(((
80.11	937	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	938	)))
50.3	939
78.6	940	(((
80.11	941
78.6	942	)))
50.3	943
71.6	944	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	945
73.5	946	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	947
78.6	948	(((
50.3	949	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	950	)))
50.3	951
73.5	952	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	953
	954
	955	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	956
73.2	957	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	958
	959	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	960	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	961	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	962
	963	As below photo:
	964
73.5	965	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	966
73.2	967	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	968
	969	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	970
73.5	971
71.7	972	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	973
73.6	974	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	975
73.6	976	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	977
73.6	978	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	979	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	980
73.6	981	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	982
73.6	983	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	984	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	985	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	986	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	987
	988	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	989
73.6	990
71.7	991	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	992
78.6	993	(((
50.3	994	Package Includes:
78.6	995	)))
50.3	996
	997	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	998	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	999	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1000
78.6	1001	(((
50.3	1002	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1003	)))
50.3	1004
	1005	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	1006	* Weight: 187g
	1007	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	1008	* Weight: 300g
	1009
71.7	1010	= 13. Support =
50.3	1011
80.15	1012	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1013	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1014	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1015	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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