Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 95.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/04 15:17

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
	4
	5
	6
74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
	9
	10
	11
	12
81.1	13
50.3	14
	15
	16
	17
	18
	19
94.2	20
	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
	22
	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
	24
	25
	26
	27	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
	28
	29	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
	30
	31	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
	32
	33	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
	34
75.2	35	(((
94.2	36
75.2	37	)))
50.3	38
95.2	39	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	40
95.2	41
50.3	42	== 1.2 Specifications ==
	43
	44
95.2	45	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	46
75.3	47	(((
50.3	48	Linux Part:
75.3	49	)))
50.3	50
	51	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	52	* 64MB RAM
	53	* 16MB Flash
	54
	55
95.2	56	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	57
	58
50.3	59	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	60	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	61	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	62	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	63	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	64	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	65	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	66
	67
95.2	68	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	69
50.3	70	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	71	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	72	* Tx power:
	73	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	74	** 11b tx power: 18db
	75	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	76	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	77	* Wifi Sensitivity
	78	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	79	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	80
	81
95.2	82	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	83
	84
	85	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	86	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	87	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	88	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	89	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	90	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	91	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	92	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	93
	94
95.2	95	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	96
	97
	98	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	99	* Micro SIM Slot
	100	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	101	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	102	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	103	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	104
	105
	106
	107	== 1.3 Features ==
	108
	109	* Open Source Embedded Linux system
	110	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
	111	* Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
	112	* Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
	113	* Cellular Failover conntection(option)
	114	* Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
	115	* LoRaWAN packet filtering
	116	* Far seeing LED indicator
	117	* Built-in GPS module for location & timing
	118	* External fiber glass antenna
	119	* Auto-Provision
	120	* Remote Monitoring
	121	* 802.3af PoE
	122	* IP65
	123	* Lighting Protection
	124	* Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
	125
	126	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
	127
75.3	128	[[image:1652411641871-482.png\|\|height="416" width="716"]]
50.3	129
	130	== 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
	131
73.5	132	[[image:1652411671209-920.png\|\|height="618" width="650"]]
50.3	133
	134	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	135
73.5	136	[[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
50.3	137
	138
	139	There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
	140
	141	(((
	142	(((
	143	* (((
	144	(% style="color:green" %)SOLID GREEN: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
	145	)))
	146	)))
	147
	148	* (((
	149	(% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)RED (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)YELLOW (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
	150	)))
	151	* (((
	152	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
	153	)))
	154	)))
	155
	156	== 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
	157
	158	DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
	159
73.5	160	[[image:1652412859663-161.png\|\|height="341" width="333"]]
50.3	161
	162	= 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
	163
	164	The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
	165
	166	== 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
	167
	168	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
	169
73.5	170	[[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
50.3	171
	172	At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password:
	173
73.5	174	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	175
	176	(% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
	177
75.3	178	(((
50.3	179	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
75.3	180	)))
50.3	181
	182	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
	183
73.5	184	[[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
50.3	185
	186
77.2	187	(((
50.3	188	Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
77.2	189	)))
50.3	190
	191	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
	192
73.5	193	[[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
50.3	194
	195
	196	If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
	197
	198	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	199
	200	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
	201
	202	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	203
	204	Web Interface
	205
	206	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	207
	208	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	209
	210	or
	211
	212	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	213
	214
	215	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	216
	217	The account details for Web Login are:
	218
	219	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	220
	221	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	222
73.5	223	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	224
	225	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	226
	227	== 3.1 Overview ==
	228
	229	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	230
	231	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	232	* WiFi Client Mode
	233	* WiFi AP Mode
	234	* Cellular Mode
	235
	236	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	237
	238	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	239
73.5	240	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	241
	242	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	243
	244	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	245
77.2	246	(((
50.3	247	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	248	)))
50.3	249
73.5	250	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	251
77.2	252	(((
50.3	253	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
77.2	254	)))
50.3	255
	256	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	257
	258	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	259
77.2	260	(((
50.3	261	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	262	)))
50.3	263
73.5	264	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	265
	266
80.2	267	(((
78.2	268	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	269	)))
50.3	270
77.2	271	(((
50.3	272	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	273	)))
50.3	274
77.2	275	(((
50.3	276	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	277	)))
50.3	278
80.2	279	(((
73.5	280	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	281	)))
50.3	282
	283	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	284
	285	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	286
	287	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	288
78.2	289	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	290	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	291	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	292
73.5	293	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	294
	295	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	296
	297	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	298
80.4	299	(((
73.5	300	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	301	)))
50.3	302
	303	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	304
80.9	305	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	306
	307	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	308
	309	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	310
78.3	311	(((
50.3	312	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	313	)))
50.3	314
80.4	315	(((
73.5	316	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	317	)))
50.3	318
80.4	319	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	320
	321	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	322
	323	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	324
73.5	325	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	326
	327	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	328
80.4	329	(((
73.5	330	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	331	)))
50.3	332
	333	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	334
	335	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	336	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	337	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	338	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	339
	340	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	341
73.5	342	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	343
	344	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	345
	346	Open the following page:
	347
73.5	348	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	349
73.5	350	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	351
80.4	352	(((
50.3	353	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	354	)))
50.3	355
	356	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	357
73.5	358	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	359
	360	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	361
80.4	362	(((
50.3	363	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	364	)))
50.3	365
80.4	366	(((
50.3	367	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	368	)))
50.3	369
80.4	370	(((
50.3	371	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	372	)))
50.3	373
73.5	374	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	375
	376	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	377
	378	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	379
73.5	380	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	381
	382	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	383
73.5	384	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	385
	386	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	387
	388	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	389
73.5	390	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	391
	392
	393	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	394
73.5	395	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	396
78.3	397	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	398
78.3	399	(((
50.3	400	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	401	)))
50.3	402
78.3	403	(((
50.3	404	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	405	)))
50.3	406
73.5	407	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	408
78.3	409	(((
50.3	410	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	411	)))
50.3	412
78.3	413	(((
50.3	414	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	415	)))
50.3	416
	417	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	418	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	419	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	420
78.3	421	(((
50.3	422	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	423	)))
50.3	424
73.5	425	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	426
78.3	427	(((
50.3	428	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	429	)))
50.3	430
78.3	431	(((
50.3	432	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	433	)))
50.3	434
78.3	435	(((
50.3	436	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	437	)))
50.3	438
73.5	439	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	440
	441	Open the Application select Add end device
	442
	443	Start Register the end device
	444
73.5	445	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	446
78.3	447	(((
50.3	448	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	449	)))
50.3	450
78.3	451	(((
50.3	452	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	453	)))
50.3	454
73.5	455	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	456
	457	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	458
73.5	459	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	460
	461	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	462
73.5	463	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	464
78.3	465	(((
50.3	466	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	467	)))
50.3	468
78.3	469	(((
50.3	470	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	471	)))
50.3	472
78.3	473	(((
50.3	474	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	475	)))
50.3	476
73.5	477	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	478
	479	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	480
	481	== 5.1 Home ==
	482
	483	Shows the system running status.
	484
73.5	485	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	486
	487	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	488
	489	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	490
78.4	491	(((
50.3	492	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	493	)))
50.3	494
78.4	495	(((
50.3	496	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	497	)))
50.3	498
	499	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	500	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	501
78.4	502	(((
50.3	503	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	504	)))
50.3	505
73.5	506	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	507
80.10	508	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	509
	510
	511	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	512
	513	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	514
	515	* No internet connection.
80.9	516	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	517
78.4	518	(((
80.10	519	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	520	)))
50.3	521
73.5	522	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	523
	524	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	525
	526	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	527
	528	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	529
73.5	530	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	531
	532	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	533
	534	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	535
	536	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	537
80.10	538	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	539
	540	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	541
73.5	542	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	543
78.4	544	(((
80.10	545	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	546	)))
50.3	547
	548	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	549
78.4	550	(((
50.3	551	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	552	)))
50.3	553
78.4	554	(((
80.10	555	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	556	)))
50.3	557
73.5	558	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	559
	560	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	561
	562	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	563
80.10	564	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	565
	566
73.5	567	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	568
	569	== 5.5 System ==
	570
	571	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	572
	573	Shows the system info:
	574
73.5	575	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	576
	577	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	578
73.5	579	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	580
78.5	581	(((
54.2	582	__System Password:__
78.5	583	)))
50.3	584
78.5	585	(((
54.2	586	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	587	)))
50.3	588
78.5	589	(((
50.3	590	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	591	)))
50.3	592
54.2	593	(((
78.5	594	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	595	)))
50.3	596
54.2	597	(((
78.5	598	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	599	)))
50.3	600
54.2	601	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	602
73.5	603	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	604
78.5	605	(((
	606	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	607	)))
50.3	608
54.2	609	(((
78.5	610	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	611	)))
50.3	612
54.2	613	(((
78.5	614	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	615
	616
54.2	617	)))
50.3	618
54.2	619	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	620
	621	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	622
73.5	623	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	624
54.2	625	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	626
	627	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	628
73.5	629	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	630
54.2	631	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	632
59.2	633	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	634
73.5	635	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	636
59.2	637	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	638
	639	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	640
73.5	641	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	642
73.5	643	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	644
73.5	645	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	646
	647	Please see this document for detail:
	648
80.4	649	(((
50.3	650	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	651	)))
50.3	652
	653
80.10	654	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	655
73.5	656	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	657
80.10	658
66.2	659	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	660
	661	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	662
	663	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	664
	665	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	666
	667	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	668
	669	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	670
78.5	671	(((
66.2	672	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	673	)))
50.3	674
78.5	675	(((
66.2	676	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	677	)))
50.3	678
73.5	679	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	680
	681	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	682
66.2	683	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	684
	685	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	686
73.5	687	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	688
66.2	689	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	690
66.2	691	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	692
66.2	693	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	694
66.2	695	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	696
66.2	697	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	698
73.5	699	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	700
73.7	701	(((
	702
	703	)))
50.3	704
66.2	705	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	706
73.5	707	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	708
	709	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	710
66.2	711	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	712
66.2	713	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	714
	715
	716	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	717
91.1	718	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	719
	720
	721	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	722
93.1	723	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	724
93.1	725	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	726
93.1	727
91.1	728	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	729
	730	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	731
	732
66.2	733	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	734
	735	Show the system log
	736
73.5	737	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	738
66.2	739	= 6. More features =
50.3	740
66.2	741	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	742
80.12	743	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	744
80.12	745
66.2	746	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	747
	748	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	749
66.2	750	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	751
	752	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	753
	754	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	755
	756	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	757
71.2	758	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	759
71.2	760	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	761
	762	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	763
73.5	764	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	765
71.2	766	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	767
73.5	768	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	769
80.13	770
67.3	771	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	772
78.5	773	(((
71.2	774	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	775	)))
50.3	776
78.5	777	(((
50.3	778	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	779	)))
50.3	780
78.5	781	(((
50.3	782	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	783	)))
50.3	784
78.5	785	(((
50.3	786	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	787	)))
50.3	788
73.5	789	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	790
	791
71.3	792	== 7.3 File System ==
	793
78.6	794	(((
50.3	795	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	796	)))
50.3	797
78.6	798	(((
50.3	799	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	800	)))
50.3	801
78.6	802	(((
50.3	803	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	804	)))
50.3	805
71.6	806
71.3	807	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	808
71.3	809	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	810
78.6	811	(((
71.3	812	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	813	)))
50.3	814
78.6	815	(((
71.6	816	In Linux Console run:
78.6	817	)))
50.3	818
71.6	819	(((
71.7	820	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	821	)))
50.3	822
71.6	823	(((
	824	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	825	)))
50.3	826
71.6	827	(((
	828	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	829	)))
50.3	830
	831	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	832
	833
71.6	834	(((
71.7	835	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	836	)))
50.3	837
71.6	838	(((
71.7	839	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	840	)))
50.3	841
71.6	842	(((
73.3	843	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	844	)))
50.3	845
71.6	846	(((
71.7	847	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	848	)))
50.3	849
71.6	850	(((
73.3	851	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	852	)))
50.3	853
71.6	854	(((
71.7	855	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	856	)))
50.3	857
71.6	858	(((
71.7	859	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	860	)))
50.3	861
73.2	862	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	863
71.7	864
73.2	865	= 9. FAQ =
	866
71.6	867	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	868
78.6	869	(((
80.10	870	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	871	)))
50.3	872
78.6	873	(((
80.10	874
78.6	875	)))
50.3	876
71.6	877	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	878
80.10	879	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	880
73.2	881
71.6	882	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	883
78.6	884	(((
50.3	885	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	886	)))
50.3	887
78.6	888	(((
50.3	889	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	890	)))
50.3	891
73.2	892
71.6	893	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	894
	895	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	896
71.7	897
73.2	898	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	899
71.6	900	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	901
	902	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	903
73.3	904	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	905
73.5	906	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	907
73.3	908	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	909
73.3	910	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	911
73.3	912	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	913
73.3	914	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	915
78.6	916	(((
50.3	917	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	918	)))
50.3	919
73.3	920	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	921
73.2	922
71.6	923	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	924
78.6	925	(((
80.11	926	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	927	)))
50.3	928
78.6	929	(((
80.11	930
78.6	931	)))
50.3	932
71.6	933	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	934
73.5	935	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	936
78.6	937	(((
50.3	938	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	939	)))
50.3	940
73.5	941	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	942
	943
	944	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	945
73.2	946	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	947
	948	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	949	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	950	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	951
	952	As below photo:
	953
73.5	954	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	955
73.2	956	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	957
	958	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	959
73.5	960
71.7	961	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	962
73.6	963	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	964
73.6	965	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	966
73.6	967	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	968	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	969
73.6	970	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	971
73.6	972	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	973	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	974	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	975	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	976
	977	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	978
73.6	979
71.7	980	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	981
78.6	982	(((
50.3	983	Package Includes:
78.6	984	)))
50.3	985
	986	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	987	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	988	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	989
78.6	990	(((
50.3	991	Dimension and weight:
78.6	992	)))
50.3	993
	994	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	995	* Weight: 187g
	996	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	997	* Weight: 300g
	998
71.7	999	= 13. Support =
50.3	1000
80.15	1001	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1002	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1003	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1004	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Applications