Wiki source code of DLOS8N

Version 75.3 by Xiaoling on 2022/05/13 18:07

version	line-number	content
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73.5	3	(% style="text-align:center" %)
74.2	4	[[image:1652409757234-446.png\|\|height="399" width="399"]]
50.3	5
	6
	7
	8	DLOS8N Outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual
	9
	10
74.2	11	Table of Contents：
50.3	12
73.5	13	{{toc/}}
50.3	14
	15
	16
	17
	18	= 1. Introduction =
	19
	20	== 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
	21
75.2	22	(((
71.6	23	The DLOS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway. (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
75.2	24	)))
50.3	25
75.2	26	(((
71.6	27	DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.
75.2	28	)))
50.3	29
75.2	30	(((
71.6	31	DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
75.2	32	)))
50.3	33
75.2	34	(((
50.3	35	DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
75.2	36	)))
50.3	37
75.2	38	(((
71.6	39	DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) auto-provision (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
75.2	40	)))
50.3	41
73.5	42	[[image:1652411526195-923.png]]
50.3	43
	44
	45	== 1.2 Specifications ==
	46
	47	Hardware System:
	48
75.3	49	(((
50.3	50	Linux Part:
75.3	51	)))
50.3	52
	53	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	54	* 64MB RAM
	55	* 16MB Flash
	56
	57	Interface:
	58
	59	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	60	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	61	* LoRaWAN Wireless
	62	* Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
	63	* IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37 ~~ 57 v)
	64	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	65	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	66	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	67
	68	WiFi Spec:
	69
	70	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	71	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	72	* Tx power:
	73	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	74	** 11b tx power: 18db
	75	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	76	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	77	* Wifi Sensitivity
	78	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	79	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	80
	81	LoRa Spec:
	82
	83	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
	84	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	85	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	86	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	87	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	88	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	89	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	90	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	91
	92	Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	93
	94	* Quectel: [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	95	* Standard Size SIM Slot
	96	* 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
	97	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	98	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	99	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	100
	101	Power over Ethernet:
	102
	103	* IEEE 802.3af compliant.
	104	* Support wide input voltage range 37Vdc to 57Vdc.
	105	* Thermal cut off.
	106	* Short circuit protection.
	107	* Over current protection
	108	* Isolation level 4 KVrms.
	109	* Enhanced surge protection
	110
	111	== 1.3 Features ==
	112
	113	* Open Source Embedded Linux system
	114	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
	115	* Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
	116	* Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
	117	* Cellular Failover conntection(option)
	118	* Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
	119	* LoRaWAN packet filtering
	120	* Far seeing LED indicator
	121	* Built-in GPS module for location & timing
	122	* External fiber glass antenna
	123	* Auto-Provision
	124	* Remote Monitoring
	125	* 802.3af PoE
	126	* IP65
	127	* Lighting Protection
	128	* Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
	129
	130	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
	131
75.3	132	[[image:1652411641871-482.png\|\|height="416" width="716"]]
50.3	133
	134
	135	== 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
	136
73.5	137	[[image:1652411671209-920.png\|\|height="618" width="650"]]
50.3	138
	139
	140	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	141
73.5	142	[[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
50.3	143
	144
	145	There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
	146
	147	(((
	148	(((
	149	* (((
	150	(% style="color:green" %)SOLID GREEN: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
	151	)))
	152	)))
	153
	154	* (((
	155	(% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)BLINKING GREEN(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)RED (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)YELLOW (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
	156	)))
	157	* (((
	158	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
	159	)))
	160	)))
	161
	162
	163	== 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
	164
	165	DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
	166
73.5	167	[[image:1652412859663-161.png\|\|height="341" width="333"]]
50.3	168
	169
	170	= 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
	171
	172	The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
	173
	174	== 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
	175
	176	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
	177
73.5	178	[[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
50.3	179
	180
	181	At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password:
	182
73.5	183	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	184
	185	(% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
	186
75.3	187	(((
50.3	188	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
75.3	189	)))
50.3	190
	191
	192	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
	193
73.5	194	[[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
50.3	195
	196
	197	Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	198
	199
	200	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
	201
73.5	202	[[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
50.3	203
	204
	205	If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
	206
	207
	208	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	209
	210	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
	211
	212
	213	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	214
	215	Web Interface
	216
	217	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	218
	219	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	220
	221	or
	222
	223	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	224
	225
	226	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	227
	228	The account details for Web Login are:
	229
	230	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	231
	232	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	233
73.5	234	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	235
	236
	237
	238
	239	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	240
	241	== 3.1 Overview ==
	242
	243	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	244
	245	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	246	* WiFi Client Mode
	247	* WiFi AP Mode
	248	* Cellular Mode
	249
	250	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	251
	252	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	253
73.5	254	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	255
	256
	257	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	258
	259	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	260
	261	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
	262
73.5	263	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	264
	265
	266	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
	267
	268
	269	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	270
	271	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	272
	273
	274	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
	275
73.5	276	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	277
	278
73.5	279	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="450" width="766"]]
50.3	280
	281
	282	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
	283
	284
	285	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	286
73.5	287	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
50.3	288
	289	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	290
	291
	292	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	293
	294	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	295
73.5	296	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652421151598-130.png\|\|height="23" width="24"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
	297	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652421168047-470.png\|\|height="22" width="21"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
	298	* RED Cross [[image:1652421179500-890.png\|\|height="24" width="27"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	299
73.5	300	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	301
	302
	303	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	304
	305	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	306
73.5	307	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
50.3	308
	309	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	310
	311	[[T>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]heThingsNetwork v3(T[[TN>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] v3[[)>>url:http://)]][[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
	312
	313
	314	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	315
	316	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	317
	318	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
	319
73.5	320	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
50.3	321
	322	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
	323
	324
	325	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	326
	327	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	328
73.5	329	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	330
	331
	332	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	333
73.5	334	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
50.3	335
	336
	337	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	338
	339	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	340	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	341	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	342	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	343
	344	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	345
73.5	346	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	347
	348	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	349
	350	Open the following page:
	351
73.5	352	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	353
73.5	354	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	355
	356	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
	357
	358	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	359
73.5	360	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	361
	362
	363	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	364
	365	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
	366
	367	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
	368
	369	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
	370
73.5	371	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	372
	373	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	374
	375	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	376
73.5	377	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	378
	379	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	380
73.5	381	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	382
	383
	384	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	385
	386	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	387
73.5	388	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	389
	390
	391	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	392
73.5	393	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	394
	395
	396	4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device
	397
	398	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
	399
	400	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
	401
73.5	402	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	403
	404	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
	405
	406	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
	407
	408	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	409	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	410	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	411
	412	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
	413
73.5	414	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	415
	416
	417	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
	418
	419	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
	420
	421	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
	422
73.5	423	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	424
	425	Open the Application select Add end device
	426
	427	Start Register the end device
	428
73.5	429	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	430
	431	Select OTAA activation mode
	432
	433
	434	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
	435
73.5	436	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	437
	438	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	439
73.5	440	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	441
	442	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	443
73.5	444	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	445
	446	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
	447
	448
	449	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
	450
	451	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
	452
73.5	453	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	454
	455
	456	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	457
	458	== 5.1 Home ==
	459
	460	Shows the system running status.
	461
73.5	462	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	463
	464
	465	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	466
	467	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	468
	469	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
	470
	471	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
	472
	473	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	474	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	475
	476	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
	477
73.5	478	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	479
	480	Note *: See this instruction for how to customize frequency band:
	481
	482	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
	483
	484
	485	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	486
	487	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	488
	489	* No internet connection.
	490	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]).
	491
	492	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
	493
73.5	494	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	495
	496
	497	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	498
	499	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	500
	501	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	502
73.5	503	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	504
	505	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	506
	507	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	508
	509	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	510
	511	See :[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
	512
	513
	514	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	515
73.5	516	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	517
	518	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core]]
	519
	520
	521	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	522
	523	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
	524
	525	Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
	526
73.5	527	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	528
	529
	530	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	531
	532	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	533
	534	Instruction:
	535
	536	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]
	537
73.5	538	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	539
	540
	541	== 5.5 System ==
	542
	543	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	544
	545	Shows the system info:
	546
73.5	547	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	548
	549
	550	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	551
73.5	552	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	553
54.2	554	__System Password:__
50.3	555
54.2	556	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
50.3	557
	558	This page can be used to set the password for them.
	559
54.2	560	(((
	561
	562	)))
50.3	563
54.2	564	__Timezone:__
50.3	565
	566	Set device timezone.
	567
54.2	568	(((
	569
	570	)))
50.3	571
54.2	572	__Port forwarding:__
50.3	573
	574	Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	575
	576
54.2	577	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	578
73.5	579	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	580
54.2	581	__LAN Settings:__
50.3	582
	583	When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	584
54.2	585	(((
	586
	587	)))
50.3	588
54.2	589	__WAN Settings:__
50.3	590
	591	Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
	592
54.2	593	(((
	594
	595	)))
50.3	596
54.2	597	__WiFi Settings:__
50.3	598
	599	Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
	600
	601
54.2	602	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	603
	604	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	605
73.5	606	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	607
	608
54.2	609	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	610
	611	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	612
73.5	613	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	614
54.2	615	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	616
	617
59.2	618	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	619
73.5	620	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	621
	622
59.2	623	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	624
	625	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	626
73.5	627	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	628
73.5	629	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	630
73.5	631	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	632
	633	Please see this document for detail:
	634
	635	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
	636
	637
	638	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use:
	639
	640	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH]]
	641
73.5	642	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	643
	644
66.2	645	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	646
	647	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	648
	649	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	650
	651	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	652
	653	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	654
	655	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	656
	657
66.2	658	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
50.3	659
66.2	660	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
50.3	661
73.5	662	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	663
	664	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	665
66.2	666	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	667
	668	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	669
73.5	670	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	671
	672
66.2	673	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	674
66.2	675	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	676
66.2	677	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	678
66.2	679	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	680
	681
66.2	682	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	683
73.5	684	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	685
73.7	686	(((
	687
	688	)))
50.3	689
66.2	690	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	691
73.5	692	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	693
	694	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	695
73.7	696	(((
	697
	698	)))
50.3	699
66.2	700	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	701
66.2	702	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	703
73.5	704	[[image:1652430356784-567.png\|\|height="325" width="730"]]
50.3	705
	706	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	707
73.7	708	(((
	709
	710	)))
50.3	711
66.2	712	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	713
	714	Show the system log
	715
73.5	716	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	717
	718
66.2	719	= 6. More features =
50.3	720
66.2	721	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	722
	723	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction]]
	724
73.7	725	(((
	726
	727	)))
50.3	728
66.2	729	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	730
	731	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	732
66.2	733	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	734
	735	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	736
	737	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	738
	739	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	740
71.2	741	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	742
71.2	743	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	744
	745	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	746
73.5	747	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	748
71.2	749	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	750
73.5	751	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	752
	753
67.3	754	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	755
71.2	756	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
50.3	757
	758	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
	759
	760	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
	761
	762	Screenshot is as below:
	763
73.5	764	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	765
	766
71.3	767	== 7.3 File System ==
	768
50.3	769	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
	770
	771	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
	772
	773	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
	774
71.6	775
71.3	776	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	777
71.3	778	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	779
71.3	780	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
50.3	781
71.6	782	In Linux Console run:
50.3	783
71.6	784	(((
71.7	785	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	786	)))
50.3	787
71.6	788	(((
	789	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	790	)))
50.3	791
71.6	792	(((
	793	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	794	)))
50.3	795
	796	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	797
	798
71.6	799	(((
71.7	800	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	801	)))
50.3	802
71.6	803	(((
71.7	804	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	805	)))
50.3	806
71.6	807	(((
73.3	808	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	809	)))
50.3	810
71.6	811	(((
71.7	812	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	813	)))
50.3	814
71.6	815	(((
73.3	816	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	817	)))
50.3	818
71.6	819	(((
71.7	820	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	821	)))
50.3	822
71.6	823	(((
71.7	824	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	825	)))
50.3	826
73.2	827	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	828
71.7	829
73.2	830	= 9. FAQ =
	831
71.6	832	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	833
	834	See below link for how to customize frequency band:
	835
	836	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
	837
73.2	838
71.6	839	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	840
	841	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
	842
73.2	843
71.6	844	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	845
	846	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
	847
	848	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
	849
73.2	850
71.6	851	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	852
	853	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	854
71.7	855
73.2	856	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	857
71.6	858	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	859
	860	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	861
73.3	862	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	863
73.5	864	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	865
73.3	866	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	867
73.3	868	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	869
73.3	870	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	871
73.3	872	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	873
	874	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
	875
73.3	876	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	877
73.2	878
71.6	879	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	880
	881	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:
	882
	883	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway]]
	884
73.2	885
71.6	886	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	887
73.5	888	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	889
	890	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
	891
73.5	892	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	893
	894
	895	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	896
73.2	897	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	898
	899	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	900	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	901	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	902
	903	As below photo:
	904
73.5	905	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	906
73.2	907	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	908
	909	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	910
73.5	911
71.7	912	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	913
73.6	914	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	915
73.6	916	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	917
73.6	918	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	919	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	920
73.6	921	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	922
73.6	923	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	924	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	925	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	926	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	927
	928	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	929
73.6	930
71.7	931	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	932
	933	Package Includes:
	934
	935	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	936	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	937	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	938
	939	Dimension and weight:
	940
	941	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	942	* Weight: 187g
	943	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	944	* Weight: 300g
73.6	945	*
50.3	946
71.7	947	= 13. Support =
50.3	948
	949	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/]].
	950	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	951	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	952	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of DLOS8N

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