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Version 171.1 by Kilight Cao on 2022/12/28 13:56
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
4
5
6
7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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11
12
13
14
15
16 = 1.  Introduction =
17
18 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
19
20
21 (((
22 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
23 )))
24
25 (((
26 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
27 )))
28
29 (((
30 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
31 )))
32
33 (((
34 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
35 )))
36
37 (((
38
39 )))
40
41 [[image:image-20220826090251-1.png]]
42
43
44 == 1.2  Specifications ==
45
46
47 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
48
49 (((
50 Linux Part:
51 )))
52
53 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
54 * 64MB RAM
55 * 16MB Flash
56
57 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
58
59 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
60 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
61 * LoRaWAN Wireless
62 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
63 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
64 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
65 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
66
67 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
68
69 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
70 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
71 * Tx power:
72 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
73 ** 11b tx power: 18db
74 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
75 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
76 * Wifi Sensitivity
77 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
78 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
79
80 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
81
82 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
83 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
84 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
85 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
86 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
87 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
88 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
89 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
90
91 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
92
93 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
94 * Micro SIM Slot
95 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
96 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
97 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
98 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
99
100 == 1.3  Features ==
101
102
103 * Open Source OpenWrt system
104 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
105 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
106 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
107 * LoRaWAN Gateway
108 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
109 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
110 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
111 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
112 * Support different level log in.
113 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
114 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
115 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
116
117 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
118
119
120 [[image:image-20220830153228-1.png]]
121
122
123 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
124
125
126 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
127
128
129 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
130
131
132 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
133
134 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
135 * **Wireless LED** [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LG308N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220705165446-6.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220705165446-6.png" height="15" width="15"]]: No function yet.
136 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
137 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
138 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
139 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
140
141 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
142
143 == 1.7 Button Instruction ==
144
145
146 LPS8N has a black toggle button, which is:
147
148
149 (% style="color:blue" %)**//➢ //Long press 4-5s:                     **(%%)the gateway will reload the Network and Initialize wifi configuration
150
151 **LED status: ** SYS LED will BLINKING BLUE Until the reload is finished.
152
153
154 (% style="color:blue" %)**➢ Long press more than 30s:    **(%%)the gateway will restart and restore factory settings.
155
156 **LED status: ** When the user releases the button, the LED will TURN OFF.
157
158
159 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
160
161
162 (((
163 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
164 )))
165
166
167 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
168
169 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
170
171
172 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
173
174
175 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
176
177
178 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
179
180
181 (((
182 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
183
184
185 )))
186
187 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
188
189
190 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
191
192
193 (((
194 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
195
196
197 )))
198
199 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
200
201
202 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
203
204
205 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
206
207
208 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
209
210
211 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
212
213
214 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
215
216
217 **Web Interface**
218
219 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
220
221 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
222
223 or
224
225 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
226
227
228 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
229
230 The account details for Web Login are:
231
232 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
233
234 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
235
236 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
237
238
239 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
240
241 == 3.1  Overview ==
242
243
244 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
245
246 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
247 * **WiFi Client Mode**
248 * **WiFi AP Mode**
249
250 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
251
252
253 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
254
255
256 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
257
258
259 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
260
261
262 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
263
264 (((
265 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
266
267
268 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
269 )))
270
271
272 (((
273 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
274
275
276 )))
277
278 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
279
280
281 (((
282 (((
283 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
284 )))
285
286
287 (((
288 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
289 )))
290
291 (((
292 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
293 )))
294 )))
295
296
297 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
298
299 (((
300
301 )))
302
303 (((
304 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
305 )))
306
307 (((
308 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
309
310
311 )))
312
313 (((
314 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
315 )))
316
317
318 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
319
320
321 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
322
323 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
324 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
325 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
326
327 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
328
329
330 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
331
332
333 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
334
335
336 (((
337 [[image:image-20220826090251-1.png]]
338 )))
339
340 (((
341 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
342 )))
343
344
345 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
346
347
348 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
349
350
351 (((
352 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
353
354
355 )))
356
357 (((
358 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
359
360
361 )))
362
363 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
364
365
366
367 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
368
369
370 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
371
372
373 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
374
375
376
377 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
378
379
380 (((
381 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
382
383
384 )))
385
386 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
387
388
389 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
390 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
391 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
392 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
393
394 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
395
396
397 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
398
399 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
400
401
402 Open the following page:
403
404
405 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
406
407
408 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
409
410
411 (((
412 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
413
414
415 )))
416
417 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
418
419 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
420
421
422 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
423
424
425 (((
426 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
427 )))
428
429 (((
430 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
431 )))
432
433 (((
434 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply.**
435
436
437 )))
438
439 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
440
441
442 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
443
444
445 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
446
447
448 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
449
450
451
452 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
453
454 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
455
456
457 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
458
459
460 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
461
462
463 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
464
465
466
467 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
468
469 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
470
471
472 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
473
474
475 (((
476 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
477 )))
478
479 (((
480 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
481 )))
482
483 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
484
485
486 (((
487 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
488
489
490 )))
491
492 (((
493 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
494 )))
495
496 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
497 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
498 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
499
500 (((
501 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
502
503
504 )))
505
506 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
507
508
509 (((
510 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
511
512
513 )))
514
515 (((
516 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
517 )))
518
519 (((
520 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
521
522
523 )))
524
525 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
526
527 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
528
529
530 Start Register the end device
531
532 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
533
534 (((
535 Select OTAA activation mode
536
537
538 )))
539
540 (((
541 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
542 )))
543
544 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
545
546 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
547
548
549 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
550
551 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
552
553
554 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
555
556 (((
557 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
558
559
560 )))
561
562 (((
563 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
564
565
566 )))
567
568 (((
569 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
570
571
572 )))
573
574 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
575
576
577 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
578
579 == 5.1  Home ==
580
581
582 Shows the system running status.
583
584
585 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
586
587
588 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
589
590 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
591
592
593 (((
594 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
595 )))
596
597 (((
598 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
599 )))
600
601 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
602 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
603
604 (((
605
606
607 (((
608 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
609
610
611 )))
612 )))
613
614 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
615
616 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
617
618
619 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
620
621
622 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
623
624 * No internet connection.
625 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
626
627 (((
628 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
629
630
631 )))
632
633 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
634
635
636 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
637
638 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
639
640
641 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc.
642
643
644 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
645
646
647 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
648
649 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
650
651 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
652
653 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
654
655
656 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
657
658
659 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
660
661
662 (((
663 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
664
665
666 )))
667
668 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
669
670
671 (((
672 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
673 )))
674
675 (((
676 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
677
678
679 )))
680
681 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
682
683
684 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
685
686
687 (((
688 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
689 )))
690
691 (((
692 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
693 )))
694
695
696 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
697
698
699 == 5.5  System ==
700
701 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
702
703
704 Shows the system info:
705
706
707 [[image:image-20220826091810-6.png]]
708
709
710 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
711
712
713 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
714
715
716 (((
717 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
718 )))
719
720 (((
721 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:blue" %)**root /dragino** (%%)or (% style="color:blue" %)**admin /dragino**. (%%)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
722 )))
723
724 (((
725 This page can be used to set the password for them.
726 )))
727
728 (((
729 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
730 )))
731
732 (((
733 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
734
735
736 )))
737
738 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
739
740
741 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
742
743
744 (((
745 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
746 )))
747
748 (((
749 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
750 )))
751
752 (((
753 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
754
755
756 )))
757
758 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
759
760
761 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
762
763
764 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
765
766
767 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
768
769
770 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
771
772
773 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
774
775
776 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
777
778
779 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
780
781
782 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
783
784
785 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
786
787
788 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
789
790
791 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
792
793 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
794
795 (% style="display:none" %)
796
797 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
798
799 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
800
801 [[image:image-20220826091725-5.png||height="479" width="1004"]]
802
803
804 (((
805 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
806 )))
807
808 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
809
810 (((
811 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
812
813
814 )))
815
816 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
817
818
819 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
820
821
822 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
823
824 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
825
826 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
827
828 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
829
830 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
831
832
833 (((
834 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
835 )))
836
837 (((
838 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
839
840
841 )))
842
843 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
844
845
846 (((
847 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
848 )))
849
850
851 (((
852 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
853
854
855 )))
856
857 (((
858 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
859
860
861 )))
862
863 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
864
865
866 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
867
868 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
869
870 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
871
872
873 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
874
875
876 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
877
878
879 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
880
881 (((
882
883 )))
884
885 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
886
887
888 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
889
890
891 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
892
893
894 == 5.6  LogRead ==
895
896 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
897
898
899 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
900
901
902 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
903
904
905 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
906
907
908 Show the system log
909
910
911 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
912
913
914 = 6.  More features =
915
916 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
917
918
919 (((
920 Drop unwanted packets.
921 )))
922
923 (((
924 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
925 )))
926
927
928 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
929
930
931 (((
932 Remote Access Devices for management.
933 )))
934
935 (((
936 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
937 )))
938
939
940 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
941
942
943 (((
944 Decode ABP:
945 )))
946
947 (((
948 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
949 )))
950
951
952 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
953
954
955 (((
956 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
957 )))
958
959 (((
960 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
961 )))
962
963
964 == 6.5  More instructions ==
965
966
967 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
968
969
970 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
971
972
973 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
974
975 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
976
977 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
978
979 [[image:image-20220826091546-4.png]](% style="display:none" %)
980
981
982 (((
983 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
984 )))
985
986 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
987
988 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
989
990
991 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
992
993 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
994
995 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
996
997
998 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
999
1000 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1001
1002 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1003
1004 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1005
1006 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1007
1008 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1009
1010
1011 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1012
1013
1014 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1015
1016
1017 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1018
1019
1020 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1021
1022
1023 (((
1024 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1025 )))
1026
1027 (((
1028 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1029 )))
1030
1031 (((
1032 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1033 )))
1034
1035 (((
1036 Screenshot is as below:
1037 )))
1038
1039 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1040
1041
1042 == 7.3  File System ==
1043
1044
1045 (((
1046 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1047 )))
1048
1049 (((
1050 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1051 )))
1052
1053 (((
1054 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1055 )))
1056
1057
1058 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1059
1060
1061 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1062
1063 (((
1064 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1065 )))
1066
1067 (((
1068 **In Linux Console run:**
1069 )))
1070
1071 (((
1072 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1073 )))
1074
1075 (((
1076 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1077 )))
1078
1079 (((
1080 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1081 )))
1082
1083 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1084
1085
1086 (((
1087 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1088 )))
1089
1090 (((
1091 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1092 )))
1093
1094 (((
1095 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1096 )))
1097
1098 (((
1099 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1100 )))
1101
1102 (((
1103 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1104 )))
1105
1106 (((
1107 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1108 )))
1109
1110 (((
1111 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1112
1113
1114 )))
1115
1116 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1117
1118
1119 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1120
1121 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1122
1123 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1124
1125 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1126
1127 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1128
1129
1130 (((
1131 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1132 )))
1133
1134
1135 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1136
1137
1138 (((
1139 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1140 )))
1141
1142 (((
1143 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1144 )))
1145
1146
1147 (((
1148 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1149 )))
1150
1151
1152 (((
1153 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1154
1155
1156 )))
1157
1158 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1159
1160
1161 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1162
1163
1164 (((
1165 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1166 )))
1167
1168 (((
1169 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1170 )))
1171
1172
1173 (((
1174 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1175 )))
1176
1177
1178 = 9.  OTA System Update =
1179
1180
1181 LPS8N supports system auto update via OTA, please see **[[this URL>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/OTA%20Update/]]** for the detail of this feature.
1182
1183
1184 = 10.  FAQ =
1185
1186 == 10.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1187
1188
1189 (((
1190 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1191 )))
1192
1193 (((
1194
1195 )))
1196
1197 == 10.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1198
1199
1200 (((
1201 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1202 )))
1203
1204 (((
1205 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1206 )))
1207
1208 (((
1209
1210 )))
1211
1212 == 10.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1213
1214
1215 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1216
1217
1218 = 11.  Trouble Shooting =
1219
1220 == 11.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1221
1222
1223 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1224
1225 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1226
1227 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1228
1229 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1230
1231 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1232
1233 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1234
1235 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1236
1237 (((
1238 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1239 )))
1240
1241 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1242
1243
1244 == 11.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1245
1246
1247 (((
1248 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1249 )))
1250
1251 (((
1252
1253 )))
1254
1255 == 11.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1256
1257
1258 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1259
1260
1261 (((
1262 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1263 )))
1264
1265 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1266
1267
1268 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1269
1270 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1271
1272 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1273 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1274 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1275
1276
1277 As below photo:
1278
1279 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1280
1281
1282 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1283
1284 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1285
1286
1287 == 11.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1288
1289
1290 (((
1291 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1292 )))
1293
1294 (((
1295 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1296 )))
1297
1298
1299 = 12.  Order Info =
1300
1301
1302 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1303
1304 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1305
1306 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1307 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1308
1309 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1310
1311 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1312 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1313 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1314 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1315
1316 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1317
1318
1319 = 13.  Packing Info =
1320
1321
1322 (((
1323 **Package Includes**:
1324 )))
1325
1326 * LPS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1327 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1328 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1329
1330 (((
1331 **Dimension and weight**:
1332 )))
1333
1334 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1335 * Weight: 187g
1336 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1337 * Weight: 300g
1338
1339 = 14.  Support =
1340
1341
1342 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1343 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1344 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1345 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]