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Version 160.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/08/23 10:33
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
4
5
6
7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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14
15
16 = 1.  Introduction =
17
18
19 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
20
21
22
23 (((
24 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
25 )))
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40
41 )))
42
43 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
44
45
46
47 == 1.2  Specifications ==
48
49
50 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
51
52 (((
53 Linux Part:
54 )))
55
56 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
57 * 64MB RAM
58 * 16MB Flash
59
60 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
61
62 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
63 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
64 * LoRaWAN Wireless
65 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
66 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
67 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
68 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
69
70 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
71
72 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
73 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
74 * Tx power:
75 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
76 ** 11b tx power: 18db
77 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
78 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
79 * Wifi Sensitivity
80 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
81 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
82
83 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
84
85 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
86 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
87 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
88 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
89 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
90 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
91 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
92 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
93
94 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
95
96 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
97 * Micro SIM Slot
98 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
99 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
100 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
101 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
102
103
104
105
106 == 1.3  Features ==
107
108
109 * Open Source OpenWrt system
110 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
111 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
112 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
113 * LoRaWAN Gateway
114 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
115 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
116 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
117 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
118 * Support different level log in.
119 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
120 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
121 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
122
123
124
125
126 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
127
128
129 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
130
131
132
133 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
134
135
136 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
137
138
139
140 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
141
142
143 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
144
145 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
146 * **Wireless LED** [[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/LG308N%20-%20LoRaWAN%20Gateway%20User%20Manual/WebHome/image-20220705165446-6.png?width=15&height=15&rev=1.1||alt="image-20220705165446-6.png" height="15" width="15"]]: No function yet.
147 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
148 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
149 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
150 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
151
152 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
153
154
155
156
157 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
158
159
160 (((
161 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
162 )))
163
164
165
166 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
167
168
169 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
170
171
172 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
173
174
175 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
176
177
178 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
179
180
181 (((
182 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
183
184
185
186 )))
187
188 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
189
190
191 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
192
193
194 (((
195 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
196
197
198
199 )))
200
201 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
202
203
204 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
205
206
207 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
208
209
210
211 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
212
213
214 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
215
216
217
218 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
219
220
221 **Web Interface**
222
223 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
224
225 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
226
227 or
228
229 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
230
231
232 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
233
234 The account details for Web Login are:
235
236 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
237
238 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
239
240 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
241
242
243
244 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
245
246
247 == 3.1  Overview ==
248
249
250 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
251
252 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
253 * **WiFi Client Mode**
254 * **WiFi AP Mode**
255
256
257
258
259 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
260
261
262 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
263
264
265 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
266
267
268
269 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
270
271
272 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
273
274 (((
275 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
276
277
278 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
279 )))
280
281
282 (((
283 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
284
285
286
287 )))
288
289 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
290
291
292 (((
293 (((
294 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
295 )))
296
297
298 (((
299 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
300 )))
301
302 (((
303 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
304 )))
305 )))
306
307
308 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
309
310 (((
311
312 )))
313
314 (((
315 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
316 )))
317
318 (((
319 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
320
321
322 )))
323
324 (((
325 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
326 )))
327
328
329
330 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
331
332
333 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
334
335 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
336 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
337 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
338
339 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
340
341
342
343 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
344
345
346 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
347
348
349 (((
350 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
351 )))
352
353 (((
354 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
355 )))
356
357
358
359 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
360
361
362 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
363
364
365 (((
366 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
367
368
369 )))
370
371 (((
372 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
373
374
375 )))
376
377 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
378
379
380
381 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
382
383
384 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
385
386
387 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
388
389
390
391 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
392
393
394 (((
395 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
396
397
398 )))
399
400 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
401
402
403 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
404 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
405 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
406 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
407
408
409
410
411 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
412
413
414 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
415
416 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
417
418
419 Open the following page:
420
421
422 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
423
424
425 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
426
427
428 (((
429 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
430
431
432 )))
433
434 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
435
436 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
437
438
439
440 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
441
442
443 (((
444 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
445 )))
446
447 (((
448 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
449 )))
450
451 (((
452 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply.**
453
454
455 )))
456
457 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
458
459
460 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
461
462
463 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
464
465
466 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
467
468
469
470 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
471
472 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
473
474
475
476 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
477
478
479 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
480
481
482 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
483
484
485
486 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
487
488 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
489
490
491
492 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
493
494
495 (((
496 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
497 )))
498
499 (((
500 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
501 )))
502
503 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
504
505
506 (((
507 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
508
509
510 )))
511
512 (((
513 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
514 )))
515
516 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
517 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
518 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
519
520 (((
521 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
522
523
524 )))
525
526 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
527
528
529 (((
530 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.**
531
532
533 )))
534
535 (((
536 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
537 )))
538
539 (((
540 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
541
542
543 )))
544
545 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
546
547 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
548
549
550 Start Register the end device
551
552 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
553
554 (((
555 Select OTAA activation mode
556
557
558 )))
559
560 (((
561 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
562 )))
563
564 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
565
566 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
567
568
569 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
570
571 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
572
573
574 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
575
576 (((
577 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
578
579
580 )))
581
582 (((
583 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
584
585
586 )))
587
588 (((
589 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
590
591
592 )))
593
594 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
595
596
597
598 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
599
600
601 == 5.1  Home ==
602
603
604 Shows the system running status.
605
606
607 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
608
609
610
611 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
612
613
614 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
615
616
617 (((
618 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
619 )))
620
621 (((
622 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
623 )))
624
625 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
626 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
627
628 (((
629
630
631 (((
632 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
633
634
635 )))
636 )))
637
638 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
639
640 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
641
642
643
644 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
645
646
647 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
648
649 * No internet connection.
650 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
651
652 (((
653 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
654
655
656 )))
657
658 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
659
660
661
662 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
663
664
665 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
666
667
668 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc.
669
670
671 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
672
673
674 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
675
676 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
677
678 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
679
680 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
681
682
683
684 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
685
686
687 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
688
689
690 (((
691 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
692
693
694
695 )))
696
697 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
698
699
700 (((
701 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
702 )))
703
704 (((
705 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
706
707
708 )))
709
710 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
711
712
713
714 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
715
716
717 (((
718 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
719 )))
720
721 (((
722 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
723 )))
724
725
726 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
727
728
729
730 == 5.5  System ==
731
732
733 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
734
735
736 Shows the system info:
737
738 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
739
740
741
742 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
743
744
745 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
746
747
748 (((
749 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
750 )))
751
752 (((
753 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
754 )))
755
756 (((
757 This page can be used to set the password for them.
758 )))
759
760 (((
761 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
762 )))
763
764 (((
765 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
766
767
768
769 )))
770
771 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
772
773 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
774
775 (((
776 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
777 )))
778
779 (((
780 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
781 )))
782
783 (((
784 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
785
786
787
788 )))
789
790 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
791
792
793 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
794
795 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
796
797
798
799 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
800
801
802 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
803
804
805 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
806
807
808 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
809
810
811
812 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
813
814
815 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
816
817
818
819 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
820
821
822 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
823
824
825 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
826
827 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
828
829 (% style="display:none" %)
830
831 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
832
833 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
834
835 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
836
837
838 (((
839 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
840 )))
841
842 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
843
844 (((
845 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
846 )))
847
848 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
849
850
851
852 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
853
854
855 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
856
857 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
858
859 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
860
861 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
862
863 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
864
865
866 (((
867 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
868 )))
869
870 (((
871 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
872 )))
873
874 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
875
876 (((
877 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
878 )))
879
880
881 (((
882 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
883
884
885 )))
886
887 (((
888 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
889 )))
890
891 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
892
893
894 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
895
896 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
897
898 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
899
900
901 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
902
903
904
905 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
906
907
908 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
909
910 (((
911
912
913
914 )))
915
916 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
917
918
919 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
920
921 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
922
923
924
925 == 5.6  LogRead ==
926
927
928 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
929
930
931 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
932
933 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
934
935
936
937 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
938
939
940 Show the system log
941
942 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
943
944
945
946 = 6.  More features =
947
948
949 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
950
951
952 (((
953 Drop unwanted packets.
954 )))
955
956 (((
957 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
958 )))
959
960
961
962 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
963
964
965 (((
966 Remote Access Devices for management.
967 )))
968
969 (((
970 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
971 )))
972
973
974
975 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
976
977
978 (((
979 Decode ABP:
980 )))
981
982 (((
983 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
984 )))
985
986
987
988 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
989
990
991 (((
992 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
993 )))
994
995 (((
996 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
997 )))
998
999
1000
1001 == 6.5  More instructions ==
1002
1003
1004 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
1005
1006
1007
1008 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
1009
1010
1011 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
1012
1013 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
1014
1015 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
1016
1017 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
1018
1019 (((
1020 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
1021 )))
1022
1023 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1024
1025
1026 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
1027
1028
1029 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
1030
1031 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
1032
1033
1034 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
1035
1036
1037 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
1038
1039 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1040
1041 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1042
1043 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1044
1045 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1046
1047 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1048
1049
1050 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1051
1052 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1053
1054
1055 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1056
1057
1058
1059 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1060
1061
1062 (((
1063 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1064 )))
1065
1066 (((
1067 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1068 )))
1069
1070 (((
1071 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1072 )))
1073
1074 (((
1075 Screenshot is as below:
1076 )))
1077
1078 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1079
1080
1081
1082 == 7.3  File System ==
1083
1084
1085 (((
1086 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1087 )))
1088
1089 (((
1090 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1091 )))
1092
1093 (((
1094 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1095 )))
1096
1097
1098
1099 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1100
1101
1102 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1103
1104 (((
1105 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1106 )))
1107
1108 (((
1109 **In Linux Console run:**
1110 )))
1111
1112 (((
1113 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1114 )))
1115
1116 (((
1117 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1118 )))
1119
1120 (((
1121 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1122 )))
1123
1124 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1125
1126
1127 (((
1128 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1129 )))
1130
1131 (((
1132 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1133 )))
1134
1135 (((
1136 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1137 )))
1138
1139 (((
1140 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1141 )))
1142
1143 (((
1144 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1145 )))
1146
1147 (((
1148 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1149 )))
1150
1151 (((
1152 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1153
1154
1155
1156 )))
1157
1158 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1159
1160
1161 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1162
1163 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1164
1165 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1166
1167 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1168
1169 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1170
1171
1172 (((
1173 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1174 )))
1175
1176
1177
1178 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1179
1180
1181 (((
1182 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1183 )))
1184
1185 (((
1186 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1187 )))
1188
1189
1190 (((
1191 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1192 )))
1193
1194
1195 (((
1196 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1197 )))
1198
1199 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1200
1201
1202
1203 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1204
1205
1206 (((
1207 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1208 )))
1209
1210 (((
1211 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1212 )))
1213
1214
1215 (((
1216 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1217 )))
1218
1219
1220
1221 = 9.  FAQ =
1222
1223
1224 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1225
1226
1227 (((
1228 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1229 )))
1230
1231 (((
1232
1233
1234
1235 )))
1236
1237 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1238
1239
1240 (((
1241 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1242 )))
1243
1244 (((
1245 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1246 )))
1247
1248 (((
1249
1250
1251
1252 )))
1253
1254 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1255
1256
1257 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1258
1259
1260
1261 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1262
1263
1264 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1265
1266
1267 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1268
1269 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1270
1271 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1272
1273 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1274
1275 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1276
1277 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1278
1279 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1280
1281 (((
1282 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1283 )))
1284
1285 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1286
1287
1288
1289 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1290
1291
1292 (((
1293 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1294 )))
1295
1296 (((
1297
1298
1299
1300 )))
1301
1302 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1303
1304
1305 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1306
1307
1308 (((
1309 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1310 )))
1311
1312 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1313
1314
1315 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1316
1317 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1318
1319 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1320 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1321 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1322
1323 As below photo:
1324
1325 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1326
1327 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1328
1329 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1330
1331
1332
1333 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1334
1335
1336 (((
1337 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1338 )))
1339
1340 (((
1341 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1342 )))
1343
1344
1345
1346 = 11.  Order Info =
1347
1348
1349 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1350
1351
1352 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1353
1354 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1355 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1356
1357 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1358
1359 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1360 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1361 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1362 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1363
1364 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1365
1366
1367
1368 = 12.  Packing Info =
1369
1370
1371 (((
1372 **Package Includes**:
1373 )))
1374
1375 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1376 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1377 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1378
1379 (((
1380 **Dimension and weight**:
1381 )))
1382
1383 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1384 * Weight: 187g
1385 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1386 * Weight: 300g
1387
1388 = 13.  Support =
1389
1390 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1391 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1392 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1393 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]