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Version 158.12 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/29 11:07
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
65
66 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
67 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
68 * LoRaWAN Wireless
69 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
70 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
71 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
72 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
73
74 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
75
76 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
77 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
78 * Tx power:
79 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
80 ** 11b tx power: 18db
81 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
82 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
83 * Wifi Sensitivity
84 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
85 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
86
87 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
88
89 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
90 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
91 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
92 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
93 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
94 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
95 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
96 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
97
98 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
99
100 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
101 * Micro SIM Slot
102 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
103 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
104 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
105 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
106
107
108
109
110
111 == 1.3  Features ==
112
113
114 * Open Source OpenWrt system
115 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
116 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
117 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
118 * LoRaWAN Gateway
119 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
120 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
121 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
122 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
123 * Support different level log in.
124 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
125 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
126 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
127
128
129
130
131
132 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
133
134
135 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
136
137
138
139 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
140
141
142 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
143
144
145
146 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
147
148
149 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
150
151 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
152 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
153 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
154 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
155 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
156 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
157
158 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
159
160
161
162
163
164 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
165
166
167 (((
168 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
169 )))
170
171
172
173 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
174
175
176 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
177
178 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
179
180
181 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
182
183 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
184
185
186 (((
187 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
188
189
190
191 )))
192
193 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
194
195 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
196
197
198 (((
199 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
200
201
202
203 )))
204
205 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
206
207
208 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
209
210
211 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
212
213
214
215 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
216
217
218 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
219
220
221
222 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
223
224
225 **Web Interface**
226
227 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
228
229 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
230
231 or
232
233 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
234
235
236 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
237
238 The account details for Web Login are:
239
240 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
241
242 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
243
244 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
245
246
247
248 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
249
250
251 == 3.1  Overview ==
252
253
254 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
255
256 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
257 * **WiFi Client Mode**
258 * **WiFi AP Mode**
259
260
261
262
263
264 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
265
266
267 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
268
269
270 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
271
272
273
274 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
275
276
277 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
278
279 (((
280 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
281
282
283 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
284 )))
285
286
287 (((
288 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
289
290
291
292 )))
293
294 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
295
296
297 (((
298 (((
299 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
300 )))
301
302
303 (((
304 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
305 )))
306
307 (((
308 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
309 )))
310 )))
311
312
313 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
314
315 (((
316
317 )))
318
319 (((
320 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
321 )))
322
323 (((
324 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
325 )))
326
327 (((
328 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
329 )))
330
331
332
333 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
334
335
336 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
337
338 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
339 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
340 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
341
342 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
343
344
345
346 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
347
348
349 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
350
351
352 (((
353 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
354 )))
355
356 (((
357 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
358 )))
359
360
361
362 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
363
364
365 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
366
367 (((
368 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
369 )))
370
371 (((
372 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
373 )))
374
375 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
376
377
378
379 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
380
381 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
382
383 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
384
385
386
387 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
388
389 (((
390 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
391 )))
392
393 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
394
395
396 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
397 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
398 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
399 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
400
401 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
402
403 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
404
405 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
406
407
408 Open the following page:
409
410 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
411
412
413 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
414
415
416 (((
417 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
418
419
420 )))
421
422 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
423
424 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
425
426
427
428 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
429
430
431 (((
432 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
433 )))
434
435 (((
436 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
437 )))
438
439 (((
440 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
441 )))
442
443 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
444
445
446 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
447
448
449 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
450
451 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
452
453
454 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
455
456 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
457
458
459
460 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
461
462
463 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
464
465 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
466
467
468 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
469
470 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
471
472
473
474 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
475
476
477 (((
478 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
479 )))
480
481 (((
482 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
483 )))
484
485 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
486
487 (((
488 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
489
490
491 )))
492
493 (((
494 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
495 )))
496
497 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
498 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
499 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
500
501 (((
502 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
503 )))
504
505 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
506
507 (((
508 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
509
510
511 )))
512
513 (((
514 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
515 )))
516
517 (((
518 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
519 )))
520
521 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
522
523 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
524
525
526 Start Register the end device
527
528 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
529
530 (((
531 Select OTAA activation mode
532
533
534 )))
535
536 (((
537 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
538 )))
539
540 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
541
542 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
543
544
545 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
546
547 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
548
549
550 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
551
552 (((
553 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
554
555
556 )))
557
558 (((
559 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
560
561
562 )))
563
564 (((
565 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
566
567
568 )))
569
570 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
571
572
573
574 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
575
576
577 == 5.1  Home ==
578
579
580 Shows the system running status.
581
582 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
583
584
585
586 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
587
588
589 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
590
591
592 (((
593 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
594 )))
595
596 (((
597 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
598 )))
599
600 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
601 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
602
603 (((
604
605
606 (((
607 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
608 )))
609 )))
610
611 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
612
613 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
614
615
616
617 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
618
619
620 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
621
622 * No internet connection.
623 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
624
625 (((
626 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
627 )))
628
629 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
630
631
632
633 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
634
635
636 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
637
638
639 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
640
641 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
642
643 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
644
645 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
646
647 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
648
649 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
650
651
652
653 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
654
655
656 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
657
658
659 (((
660 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
661
662
663
664 )))
665
666 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
667
668
669 (((
670 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
671 )))
672
673 (((
674 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
675 )))
676
677 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
678
679
680
681 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
682
683
684 (((
685 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
686 )))
687
688 (((
689 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
690 )))
691
692
693 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
694
695
696
697 == 5.5  System ==
698
699
700 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
701
702
703 Shows the system info:
704
705 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
706
707
708
709 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
710
711
712 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
713
714
715 (((
716 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
717 )))
718
719 (((
720 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
721 )))
722
723 (((
724 This page can be used to set the password for them.
725 )))
726
727 (((
728 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
729 )))
730
731 (((
732 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
733
734
735
736 )))
737
738 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
739
740 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
741
742 (((
743 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
744 )))
745
746 (((
747 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
748 )))
749
750 (((
751 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
752
753
754
755 )))
756
757 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
758
759
760 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
761
762 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
763
764
765
766 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
767
768
769 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
770
771
772 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
773
774
775 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
776
777
778
779 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
780
781
782 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
783
784
785
786 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
787
788
789 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
790
791
792 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
793
794 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
795
796 (% style="display:none" %)
797
798 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
799
800 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
801
802 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
803
804
805 (((
806 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
807 )))
808
809 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
810
811 (((
812 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
813 )))
814
815 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
816
817
818
819 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
820
821
822 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
823
824 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
825
826 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
827
828 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
829
830 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
831
832
833 (((
834 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
835 )))
836
837 (((
838 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
839 )))
840
841 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
842
843 (((
844 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
845 )))
846
847
848 (((
849 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
850
851
852 )))
853
854 (((
855 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
856 )))
857
858 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
859
860
861 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
862
863 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
864
865 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
866
867
868 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
869
870
871
872 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
873
874
875 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
876
877 (((
878
879
880
881 )))
882
883 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
884
885
886 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
887
888 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
889
890
891
892 == 5.6  LogRead ==
893
894
895 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
896
897
898 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
899
900 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
901
902
903
904 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
905
906
907 Show the system log
908
909 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
910
911
912
913 = 6.  More features =
914
915
916 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
917
918
919 (((
920 Drop unwanted packets.
921 )))
922
923 (((
924 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
925 )))
926
927
928
929 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
930
931
932 (((
933 Remote Access Devices for management.
934 )))
935
936 (((
937 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
938 )))
939
940
941
942 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
943
944
945 (((
946 Decode ABP:
947 )))
948
949 (((
950 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
951 )))
952
953
954
955 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
956
957
958 (((
959 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
960 )))
961
962 (((
963 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
964 )))
965
966
967
968 == 6.5  More instructions ==
969
970
971 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
972
973
974
975 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
976
977
978 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
979
980 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
981
982 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
983
984 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
985
986 (((
987 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
988 )))
989
990 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
991
992
993 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
994
995
996 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
997
998 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
999
1000
1001 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
1002
1003
1004 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
1005
1006 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
1007
1008 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
1009
1010 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
1011
1012 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
1013
1014 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
1015
1016
1017 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1018
1019 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1020
1021
1022 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1023
1024
1025
1026 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1027
1028
1029 (((
1030 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1031 )))
1032
1033 (((
1034 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1035 )))
1036
1037 (((
1038 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1039 )))
1040
1041 (((
1042 Screenshot is as below:
1043 )))
1044
1045 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1046
1047
1048
1049 == 7.3  File System ==
1050
1051
1052 (((
1053 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1054 )))
1055
1056 (((
1057 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1058 )))
1059
1060 (((
1061 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1062 )))
1063
1064
1065
1066 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1067
1068
1069 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1070
1071 (((
1072 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1073 )))
1074
1075 (((
1076 **In Linux Console run:**
1077 )))
1078
1079 (((
1080 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1081 )))
1082
1083 (((
1084 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1085 )))
1086
1087 (((
1088 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1089 )))
1090
1091 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1092
1093
1094 (((
1095 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1096 )))
1097
1098 (((
1099 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1100 )))
1101
1102 (((
1103 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1104 )))
1105
1106 (((
1107 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1108 )))
1109
1110 (((
1111 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1112 )))
1113
1114 (((
1115 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1116 )))
1117
1118 (((
1119 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1120
1121
1122
1123 )))
1124
1125 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1126
1127
1128 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1129
1130 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1131
1132 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1133
1134 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1135
1136 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1137
1138
1139 (((
1140 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1141 )))
1142
1143
1144
1145 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1146
1147
1148 (((
1149 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1150 )))
1151
1152 (((
1153 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1154 )))
1155
1156
1157 (((
1158 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1159 )))
1160
1161
1162 (((
1163 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1164 )))
1165
1166 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1167
1168
1169
1170 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1171
1172
1173 (((
1174 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1175 )))
1176
1177 (((
1178 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1179 )))
1180
1181
1182 (((
1183 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1184 )))
1185
1186
1187
1188 = 9.  FAQ =
1189
1190
1191 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1192
1193
1194 (((
1195 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1196 )))
1197
1198 (((
1199
1200
1201
1202 )))
1203
1204 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1205
1206
1207 (((
1208 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1209 )))
1210
1211 (((
1212 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1213 )))
1214
1215 (((
1216
1217
1218
1219 )))
1220
1221 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1222
1223
1224 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1225
1226
1227
1228 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1229
1230
1231 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1232
1233
1234 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1235
1236 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1237
1238 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1239
1240 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1241
1242 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1243
1244 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1245
1246 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1247
1248 (((
1249 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1250 )))
1251
1252 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1253
1254
1255
1256 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1257
1258
1259 (((
1260 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1261 )))
1262
1263 (((
1264
1265
1266
1267 )))
1268
1269 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1270
1271
1272 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1273
1274
1275 (((
1276 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1277 )))
1278
1279 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1280
1281
1282 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1283
1284 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1285
1286 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1287 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1288 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1289
1290 As below photo:
1291
1292 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1293
1294 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1295
1296 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1297
1298
1299
1300 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1301
1302
1303 (((
1304 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1305 )))
1306
1307 (((
1308 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1309 )))
1310
1311
1312
1313 = 11.  Order Info =
1314
1315
1316 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1317
1318
1319 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1320
1321 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1322 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1323
1324
1325 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1326
1327 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1328 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1329 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1330 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1331
1332 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1333
1334
1335
1336 = 12.  Packing Info =
1337
1338
1339 (((
1340 **Package Includes**:
1341 )))
1342
1343 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1344 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1345 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1346
1347 (((
1348 **Dimension and weight**:
1349 )))
1350
1351 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1352 * Weight: 187g
1353 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1354 * Weight: 300g
1355
1356
1357
1358 = 13.  Support =
1359
1360 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1361 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1362 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1363 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]