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Version 158.11 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/29 10:56
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
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7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
65
66 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
67 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
68 * LoRaWAN Wireless
69 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
70 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
71 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
72 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
73
74 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
75
76 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
77 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
78 * Tx power:
79 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
80 ** 11b tx power: 18db
81 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
82 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
83 * Wifi Sensitivity
84 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
85 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
86
87 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
88
89 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
90 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
91 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
92 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
93 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
94 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
95 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
96 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
97
98 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
99
100 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
101 * Micro SIM Slot
102 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
103 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
104 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
105 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
106
107 == 1.3  Features ==
108
109
110 * Open Source OpenWrt system
111 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
112 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
113 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
114 * LoRaWAN Gateway
115 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
116 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
117 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
118 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
119 * Support different level log in.
120 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
121 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
122 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
123
124 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
125
126
127 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
128
129
130
131 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
132
133
134 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
135
136
137
138 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
139
140
141 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
142
143 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
144 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
145 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
146 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
147 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
148 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
149
150 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
151
152 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
153
154
155 (((
156 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
157 )))
158
159
160
161 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
162
163
164 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
165
166 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
167
168
169 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
170
171 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
172
173
174 (((
175 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
176
177
178
179 )))
180
181 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
182
183 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
184
185
186 (((
187 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
188
189
190
191 )))
192
193 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
194
195
196 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
197
198
199 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
200
201
202
203 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
204
205
206 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
207
208
209
210 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
211
212
213 **Web Interface**
214
215 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
216
217 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
218
219 or
220
221 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
222
223
224 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
225
226 The account details for Web Login are:
227
228 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
229
230 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
231
232 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
233
234
235
236 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
237
238
239 == 3.1  Overview ==
240
241
242 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
243
244 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
245 * **WiFi Client Mode**
246 * **WiFi AP Mode**
247
248 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
249
250
251 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
252
253
254 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
255
256
257
258 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
259
260
261 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
262
263 (((
264 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
265
266
267 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
268 )))
269
270
271 (((
272 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
273
274
275
276 )))
277
278 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
279
280
281 (((
282 (((
283 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
284 )))
285
286
287 (((
288 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
289 )))
290
291 (((
292 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
293 )))
294 )))
295
296
297 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
298
299 (((
300
301 )))
302
303 (((
304 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
305 )))
306
307 (((
308 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
309 )))
310
311 (((
312 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
313 )))
314
315
316
317 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
318
319
320 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
321
322 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
323 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
324 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
325
326 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
327
328
329
330 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
331
332
333 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
334
335
336 (((
337 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
338 )))
339
340 (((
341 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
342 )))
343
344
345
346 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
347
348
349 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
350
351 (((
352 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
353 )))
354
355 (((
356 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
357 )))
358
359 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
360
361
362
363 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
364
365 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
366
367 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
368
369
370
371 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
372
373 (((
374 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
375 )))
376
377 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
378
379
380 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
381 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
382 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
383 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
384
385 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
386
387 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
388
389 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
390
391
392 Open the following page:
393
394 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
395
396
397 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
398
399
400 (((
401 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
402
403
404 )))
405
406 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
407
408 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
409
410
411
412 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
413
414
415 (((
416 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
417 )))
418
419 (((
420 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
421 )))
422
423 (((
424 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
425 )))
426
427 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
428
429
430 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
431
432
433 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
434
435 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
436
437
438 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
439
440 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
441
442
443
444 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
445
446
447 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
448
449 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
450
451
452 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
453
454 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
455
456
457
458 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
459
460
461 (((
462 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
463 )))
464
465 (((
466 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
467 )))
468
469 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
470
471 (((
472 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**: (%%)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
473
474
475 )))
476
477 (((
478 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
479 )))
480
481 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
482 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
483 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
484
485 (((
486 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
487 )))
488
489 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
490
491 (((
492 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
493
494
495 )))
496
497 (((
498 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
499 )))
500
501 (((
502 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
503 )))
504
505 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
506
507 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
508
509
510 Start Register the end device
511
512 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
513
514 (((
515 Select OTAA activation mode
516
517
518 )))
519
520 (((
521 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
522 )))
523
524 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
525
526 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
527
528
529 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
530
531 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
532
533
534 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
535
536 (((
537 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
538
539
540 )))
541
542 (((
543 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**:  (%%)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
544
545
546 )))
547
548 (((
549 (% style="color:red" %)**Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.**
550
551
552 )))
553
554 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
555
556
557
558 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
559
560
561 == 5.1  Home ==
562
563
564 Shows the system running status.
565
566 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
567
568
569
570 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
571
572
573 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
574
575
576 (((
577 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
578 )))
579
580 (((
581 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
582 )))
583
584 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
585 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
586
587 (((
588
589
590 (((
591 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
592 )))
593 )))
594
595 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
596
597 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *:** **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
598
599
600
601 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
602
603
604 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
605
606 * No internet connection.
607 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
608
609 (((
610 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
611 )))
612
613 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
614
615
616
617 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
618
619
620 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
621
622
623 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
624
625 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
626
627 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
628
629 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
630
631 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
632
633 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
634
635
636
637 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
638
639
640 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
641
642
643 (((
644 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
645
646
647
648 )))
649
650 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
651
652
653 (((
654 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
655 )))
656
657 (((
658 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
659 )))
660
661 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
662
663
664
665 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
666
667
668 (((
669 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
670 )))
671
672 (((
673 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
674 )))
675
676
677 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
678
679
680
681 == 5.5  System ==
682
683
684 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
685
686
687 Shows the system info:
688
689 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
690
691
692
693 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
694
695
696 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
697
698
699 (((
700 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__System Password:__**
701 )))
702
703 (((
704 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
705 )))
706
707 (((
708 This page can be used to set the password for them.
709 )))
710
711 (((
712 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Timezone:  __**(%%)Set device timezone.
713 )))
714
715 (((
716 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__Port forwarding:  __**(%%)Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
717
718
719
720 )))
721
722 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
723
724 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
725
726 (((
727 (% style="color:#037691" %)**__LAN Settings:    __**(%%)When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
728 )))
729
730 (((
731 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WAN Settings:  **__(%%)Setting for LPS8N WAN port
732 )))
733
734 (((
735 (% style="color:#037691" %)__**WiFi Settings:  **__** **(%%)Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
736
737
738
739 )))
740
741 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
742
743
744 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
745
746 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
747
748
749
750 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
751
752
753 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
754
755
756 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
757
758
759 (% style="color:red" %)**Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.**
760
761
762
763 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
764
765
766 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
767
768
769
770 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
771
772
773 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
774
775
776 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
777
778 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
779
780 (% style="display:none" %)
781
782 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
783
784 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
785
786 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
787
788
789 (((
790 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
791 )))
792
793 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
794
795 (((
796 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Monitor & Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
797 )))
798
799 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
800
801
802
803 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
804
805
806 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
807
808 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
809
810 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
811
812 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
813
814 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
815
816
817 (((
818 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
819 )))
820
821 (((
822 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
823 )))
824
825 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
826
827 (((
828 Select the required image and click (% style="color:blue" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:blue" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
829 )))
830
831
832 (((
833 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (%%)You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)**Preserve Settings**(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
834
835
836 )))
837
838 (((
839 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
840 )))
841
842 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
843
844
845 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
846
847 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
848
849 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
850
851
852 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
853
854
855
856 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
857
858
859 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
860
861 (((
862
863
864
865 )))
866
867 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
868
869
870 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
871
872 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
873
874
875
876 == 5.6  LogRead ==
877
878
879 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
880
881
882 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
883
884 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
885
886
887
888 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
889
890
891 Show the system log
892
893 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
894
895
896
897 = 6.  More features =
898
899
900 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
901
902
903 (((
904 Drop unwanted packets.
905 )))
906
907 (((
908 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
909 )))
910
911
912
913 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
914
915
916 (((
917 Remote Access Devices for management.
918 )))
919
920 (((
921 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
922 )))
923
924
925
926 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
927
928
929 (((
930 Decode ABP:
931 )))
932
933 (((
934 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
935 )))
936
937
938
939 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
940
941
942 (((
943 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
944 )))
945
946 (((
947 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
948 )))
949
950
951
952 == 6.5  More instructions ==
953
954
955 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
956
957
958
959 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
960
961
962 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
963
964 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
965
966 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
967
968 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
969
970 (((
971 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
972 )))
973
974 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
975
976
977 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
978
979
980 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
981
982 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
983
984
985 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
986
987
988 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
989
990 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
991
992 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
993
994 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
995
996 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
997
998 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
999
1000
1001 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
1002
1003 The “** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)logread -f(%%)**(% style="background-color:yellow" %)” (%%)command can be used to debug how system runs.
1004
1005
1006 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
1007
1008
1009
1010 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
1011
1012
1013 (((
1014 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
1015 )))
1016
1017 (((
1018 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
1019 )))
1020
1021 (((
1022 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
1023 )))
1024
1025 (((
1026 Screenshot is as below:
1027 )))
1028
1029 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1030
1031
1032
1033 == 7.3  File System ==
1034
1035
1036 (((
1037 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1038 )))
1039
1040 (((
1041 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1042 )))
1043
1044 (((
1045 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1046 )))
1047
1048
1049
1050 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1051
1052
1053 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1054
1055 (((
1056 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1057 )))
1058
1059 (((
1060 **In Linux Console run:**
1061 )))
1062
1063 (((
1064 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1065 )))
1066
1067 (((
1068 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1069 )))
1070
1071 (((
1072 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1073 )))
1074
1075 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1076
1077
1078 (((
1079 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1080 )))
1081
1082 (((
1083 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1084 )))
1085
1086 (((
1087 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1088 )))
1089
1090 (((
1091 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1092 )))
1093
1094 (((
1095 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1096 )))
1097
1098 (((
1099 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1100 )))
1101
1102 (((
1103 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1104
1105
1106
1107 )))
1108
1109 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1110
1111
1112 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1113
1114 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1115
1116 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1117
1118 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1119
1120 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1121
1122
1123 (((
1124 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1125 )))
1126
1127
1128
1129 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1130
1131
1132 (((
1133 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1134 )))
1135
1136 (((
1137 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1138 )))
1139
1140
1141 (((
1142 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to (% style="color:blue" %)**//uncheck//**(%%) the (% style="color:blue" %)//**Preserve Settings**//(%%) checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1143 )))
1144
1145
1146 (((
1147 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1148 )))
1149
1150 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1151
1152
1153
1154 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1155
1156
1157 (((
1158 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1159 )))
1160
1161 (((
1162 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1163 )))
1164
1165
1166 (((
1167 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1168 )))
1169
1170
1171
1172 = 9.  FAQ =
1173
1174
1175 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1176
1177
1178 (((
1179 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1180 )))
1181
1182 (((
1183
1184
1185
1186 )))
1187
1188 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1189
1190
1191 (((
1192 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1193 )))
1194
1195 (((
1196 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1197 )))
1198
1199 (((
1200
1201
1202
1203 )))
1204
1205 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1206
1207
1208 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1209
1210
1211
1212 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1213
1214
1215 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1216
1217
1218 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1219
1220 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1221
1222 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1223
1224 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1225
1226 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1227
1228 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1229
1230 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1231
1232 (((
1233 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1234 )))
1235
1236 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1237
1238
1239
1240 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1241
1242
1243 (((
1244 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1245 )))
1246
1247 (((
1248
1249
1250
1251 )))
1252
1253 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1254
1255
1256 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1257
1258
1259 (((
1260 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1261 )))
1262
1263 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.**
1264
1265
1266 **Steps to connect via fall back IP:**
1267
1268 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1269
1270 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1271 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1272 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1273
1274 As below photo:
1275
1276 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1277
1278 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1279
1280 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1281
1282
1283
1284 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1285
1286
1287 (((
1288 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1289 )))
1290
1291 (((
1292 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1293 )))
1294
1295
1296
1297 = 11.  Order Info =
1298
1299
1300 **//PART: (% style="color:blue" %)LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: (%%)**
1301
1302
1303 (% style="color:blue" %) **//XXX~://**(%%)**// Frequency Band//**
1304
1305 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1306 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1307
1308
1309
1310 (% style="color:blue" %) **//YYY~://**(%%)**// 4G Cellular Option//**
1311
1312 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1313 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1314 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1315 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1316
1317 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1318
1319
1320
1321 = 12.  Packing Info =
1322
1323
1324 (((
1325 **Package Includes**:
1326 )))
1327
1328 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1329 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1330 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1331
1332 (((
1333 **Dimension and weight**:
1334 )))
1335
1336 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1337 * Weight: 187g
1338 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1339 * Weight: 300g
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344 = 13.  Support =
1345
1346 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1347 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1348 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1349 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]