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Version 156.13 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/07 10:16
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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6
7 **Table of Contents：**
8
9 {{toc/}}
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21
22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
65
66 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
67 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
68 * LoRaWAN Wireless
69 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
70 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
71 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
72 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
73
74 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
75
76 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
77 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
78 * Tx power:
79 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
80 ** 11b tx power: 18db
81 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
82 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
83 * Wifi Sensitivity
84 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
85 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
86
87 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
88
89 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
90 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
91 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
92 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
93 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
94 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
95 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
96 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
97
98 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
99
100 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
101 * Micro SIM Slot
102 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
103 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
104 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
105 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
106
107
108
109
110 == 1.3  Features ==
111
112 * Open Source OpenWrt system
113 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
114 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
115 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
116 * LoRaWAN Gateway
117 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
118 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
119 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
120 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
121 * Support different level log in.
122 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
123 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
124 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
125
126
127
128
129 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
130
131 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
132
133
134 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
135
136 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
137
138
139 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
140
141
142 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
143
144 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
145 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
146 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
147 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
148 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
149 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
150
151 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
152
153
154
155
156 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
157
158 (((
159 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
160 )))
161
162
163 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
164
165 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
166
167 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
168
169
170 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
171
172 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
173
174
175 (((
176 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
177
178
179
180 )))
181
182 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
183
184 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
185
186
187 (((
188 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
189
190
191
192 )))
193
194 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
195
196 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
197
198
199 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
200
201
202
203 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
204
205 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
206
207
208
209 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
210
211 **Web Interface**
212
213 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
214
215 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
216
217 or
218
219 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
220
221
222 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
223
224 The account details for Web Login are:
225
226 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
227
228 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
229
230 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
231
232
233
234 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
235
236 == 3.1  Overview ==
237
238 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
239
240 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
241 * **WiFi Client Mode**
242 * **WiFi AP Mode**
243
244
245
246
247 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
248
249 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
250
251
252 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
253
254
255 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
256
257 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
258
259 (((
260 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
261
262 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
263 )))
264
265
266 (((
267 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
268
269
270 )))
271
272 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
273
274 (((
275 (((
276 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
277 )))
278
279
280 (((
281 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
282 )))
283
284 (((
285 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
286 )))
287 )))
288
289
290 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
291
292 (((
293
294 )))
295
296 (((
297 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
298 )))
299
300 (((
301 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
302 )))
303
304 (((
305 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
306 )))
307
308
309 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
310
311 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
312
313 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
314 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
315 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
316
317 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
318
319
320
321 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
322
323 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
324
325 (((
326 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
327 )))
328
329 (((
330 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
331 )))
332
333
334
335 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
336
337 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
338
339 (((
340 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
341 )))
342
343 (((
344 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
345 )))
346
347 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
348
349
350 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
351
352 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
353
354 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
355
356
357 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
358
359 (((
360 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
361 )))
362
363 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
364
365
366 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
367 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
368 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
369 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
370
371 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
372
373 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
374
375 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
376
377
378 Open the following page:
379
380
381 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
382
383
384 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
385
386
387 (((
388 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
389 )))
390
391 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
392
393 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
394
395
396 == 4.2  Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
397
398 (((
399 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
400 )))
401
402 (((
403 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
404 )))
405
406 (((
407 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
408 )))
409
410 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
411
412 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
413
414
415 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
416
417 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
418
419
420 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
421
422 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
423
424
425 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
426
427 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
428
429 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
430
431
432 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
433
434 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
435
436
437 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
438
439 (((
440 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
441 )))
442
443 (((
444 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
445 )))
446
447 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
448
449 (((
450 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
451
452
453 )))
454
455 (((
456 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
457 )))
458
459 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
460 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
461 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
462
463 (((
464 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
465 )))
466
467 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
468
469 (((
470 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
471
472
473 )))
474
475 (((
476 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
477 )))
478
479 (((
480 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
481 )))
482
483 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
484
485 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
486
487
488 Start Register the end device
489
490 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
491
492 (((
493 Select OTAA activation mode
494
495
496 )))
497
498 (((
499 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
500 )))
501
502 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
503
504 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
505
506
507 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
508
509 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
510
511
512 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
513
514 (((
515 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
516
517
518 )))
519
520 (((
521 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
522 )))
523
524 (((
525 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
526 )))
527
528 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
529
530
531 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
532
533 == 5.1  Home ==
534
535 Shows the system running status.
536
537 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
538
539
540 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
541
542 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
543
544 (((
545 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
546 )))
547
548 (((
549 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
550 )))
551
552 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
553 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
554
555 (((
556
557
558 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
559 )))
560
561 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
562
563 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
564
565
566 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
567
568 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
569
570 * No internet connection.
571 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
572
573 (((
574 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
575 )))
576
577 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
578
579
580 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
581
582 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
583
584 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
585
586 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
587
588 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
589
590 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
591
592 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
593
594 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
595
596
597 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
598
599 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
600
601 (((
602 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
603
604
605 )))
606
607 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
608
609 (((
610 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
611 )))
612
613 (((
614 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
615 )))
616
617 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
618
619
620 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
621
622 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
623
624 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
625
626
627 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
628
629
630 == 5.5  System ==
631
632 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
633
634 Shows the system info:
635
636 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
637
638
639
640 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
641
642 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
643
644 (((
645 **__System Password:__**
646 )))
647
648 (((
649 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
650 )))
651
652 (((
653 This page can be used to set the password for them.
654 )))
655
656 (((
657 **__Timezone:  __**Set device timezone.
658 )))
659
660 (((
661 **__Port forwarding:  __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
662
663
664
665 )))
666
667 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
668
669 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
670
671 (((
672 **__LAN Settings:    __**When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
673 )))
674
675 (((
676 __**WAN Settings:  **__Setting for LPS8N WAN port
677 )))
678
679 (((
680 __**WiFi Settings:   **__Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
681
682
683
684 )))
685
686 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
687
688 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
689
690 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
691
692
693
694 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
695
696 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
697
698
699 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
700
701 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
702
703
704
705 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
706
707
708 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
709
710
711
712 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
713
714 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:(% style="display:none" %) 
715
716 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
717
718 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
719
720 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
721
722
723 Please see this document for detail:(% style="display:none" %)
724
725 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
726
727
728 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
729
730 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
731
732
733
734 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
735
736 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
737
738 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
739
740 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
741
742 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
743
744 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
745
746
747 (((
748 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
749 )))
750
751 (((
752 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
753 )))
754
755 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
756
757 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
758
759
760 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
761
762 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
763
764 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
765
766 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
767
768 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
769
770 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
771
772
773 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
774
775
776 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
777
778 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
779
780 (((
781
782
783
784 )))
785
786 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
787
788
789 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
790
791 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
792
793
794
795 == 5.6  LogRead ==
796
797 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
798
799
800 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
801
802 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
803
804
805
806 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
807
808 Show the system log
809
810 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
811
812
813
814 = 6.  More features =
815
816 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
817
818 Drop unwanted packets.
819
820 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
821
822
823 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
824
825 Remote Access Devices for management.
826
827 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Remote%20Access%20Gateway/]]
828
829
830 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
831
832 Decode ABP:
833
834 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
835
836
837 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
838
839 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
840
841 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
842
843
844 == 6.5  More instructions ==
845
846 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
847
848
849 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
850
851 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
852
853 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
854
855 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
856
857 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
858
859 Please see this document for detail:
860
861 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
862
863 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
864
865 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
866
867 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
868
869 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
870
871 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
872
873 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
874
875 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
876
877 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
878
879 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
880
881 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
882
883 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
884
885
886 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
887
888 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
889
890
891 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
892
893
894
895 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
896
897 (((
898 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
899 )))
900
901 (((
902 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
903 )))
904
905 (((
906 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
907 )))
908
909 (((
910 Screenshot is as below:
911 )))
912
913 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
914
915
916
917 == 7.3  File System ==
918
919 (((
920 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
921 )))
922
923 (((
924 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
925 )))
926
927 (((
928 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
929 )))
930
931
932 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
933
934 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
935
936 (((
937 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
938 )))
939
940 (((
941 **In Linux Console run:**
942 )))
943
944 (((
945 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
946 )))
947
948 (((
949 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
950 )))
951
952 (((
953 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
954 )))
955
956 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
957
958
959 (((
960 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
961 )))
962
963 (((
964 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
965 )))
966
967 (((
968 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
969 )))
970
971 (((
972 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
973 )))
974
975 (((
976 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
977 )))
978
979 (((
980 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
981 )))
982
983 (((
984 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
985
986
987
988 )))
989
990 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
991
992 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
993
994 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
995
996 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
997
998 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
999
1000 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1001
1002
1003 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1004
1005
1006 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1007
1008 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1009
1010 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1011
1012
1013 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to **//uncheck//** the //**Preserve Settings**// checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1014
1015
1016 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1017
1018 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1019
1020
1021 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1022
1023 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1024
1025 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1026
1027
1028 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1029
1030
1031
1032 = 9.  FAQ =
1033
1034 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1035
1036 (((
1037 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
1038 )))
1039
1040 (((
1041
1042 )))
1043
1044 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1045
1046
1047 (((
1048 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1049 )))
1050
1051 (((
1052 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1053 )))
1054
1055 (((
1056
1057 )))
1058
1059 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1060
1061 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1062
1063
1064 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1065
1066 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1067
1068 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1069
1070 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1071
1072 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1073
1074 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1075
1076 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1077
1078 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1079
1080 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1081
1082 (((
1083 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1084 )))
1085
1086 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1087
1088
1089 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1090
1091 (((
1092 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1093 )))
1094
1095 (((
1096
1097 )))
1098
1099 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1100
1101 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1102
1103
1104 (((
1105 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1106 )))
1107
1108 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1109
1110
1111 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1112
1113 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1114
1115 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1116 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1117 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1118
1119 As below photo:
1120
1121 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1122
1123 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1124
1125 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1126
1127
1128 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1129
1130 (((
1131 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1132 )))
1133
1134 (((
1135 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]]to access and configure the device.
1136 )))
1137
1138
1139 = 11.  Order Info =
1140
1141
1142 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//PART: LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1143
1144
1145 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1146
1147 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1148 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1149
1150
1151
1152 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1153
1154 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1155 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1156 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1157 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1158
1159 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1160
1161
1162 = 12.  Packing Info =
1163
1164 (((
1165 **Package Includes**:
1166 )))
1167
1168 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1169 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1170 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1171
1172 (((
1173 **Dimension and weight**:
1174 )))
1175
1176 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1177 * Weight: 187g
1178 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1179 * Weight: 300g
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185 = 13.  Support =
1186
1187 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1188 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1189 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1190 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]