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Version 133.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 18:20
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106 == 1.3  Features ==
107
108 * Open Source OpenWrt system
109 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
110 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
111 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
112 * LoRaWAN Gateway
113 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
114 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
115 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
116 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
117 * Support different level log in.
118 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
119 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
120 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
121
122 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
123
124 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
125
126
127 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
128
129 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
130
131
132 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
133
134
135 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
136
137 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
138 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
139 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
140 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
141 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
142 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
143
144 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
145
146
147 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
148
149 (((
150 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
151 )))
152
153
154 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
155
156 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
157
158 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
159
160
161 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
162
163 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
164
165
166 (((
167 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
168
169
170
171 )))
172
173 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
174
175 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
176
177
178 (((
179 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
180
181
182
183 )))
184
185 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
186
187 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
188
189
190 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
191
192
193
194 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
195
196 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
197
198
199
200 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
201
202 **Web Interface**
203
204 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
205
206 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
207
208 or
209
210 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
211
212
213 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
214
215 The account details for Web Login are:
216
217 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
218
219 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
220
221 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
222
223
224
225 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
226
227 == 3.1  Overview ==
228
229 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
230
231 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
232 * **WiFi Client Mode**
233 * **WiFi AP Mode**
234
235 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
236
237 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
238
239
240 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
241
242
243 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
244
245 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
246
247 (((
248 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
249
250 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
251 )))
252
253
254 (((
255 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
256
257
258 )))
259
260 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
261
262 (((
263 (((
264 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
265 )))
266
267
268 (((
269 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
270 )))
271
272 (((
273 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
274 )))
275 )))
276
277
278 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
279
280 (((
281
282 )))
283
284 (((
285 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
286 )))
287
288 (((
289 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
290 )))
291
292 (((
293 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
294 )))
295
296
297 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
298
299 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
300
301 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
302 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
303 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
304
305 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
306
307
308
309 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
310
311 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
312
313 (((
314 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
315 )))
316
317 (((
318 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
319 )))
320
321
322
323 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
324
325 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
326
327 (((
328 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
329 )))
330
331 (((
332 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
333 )))
334
335 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
336
337
338 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
339
340 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
341
342 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
343
344
345 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
346
347 (((
348 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
349 )))
350
351 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
352
353
354 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
355 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
356 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
357 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
358
359 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
360
361 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
362
363 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
364
365
366 Open the following page:
367
368
369 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
370
371
372 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
373
374
375 (((
376 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
377 )))
378
379 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
380
381 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
382
383
384 == 4.2  Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
385
386 (((
387 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
388 )))
389
390 (((
391 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
392 )))
393
394 (((
395 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
396 )))
397
398 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
399
400 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
401
402
403 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
404
405 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
406
407
408 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
409
410 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
411
412
413 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
414
415 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
416
417 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
418
419
420 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
421
422 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
423
424
425 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
426
427 (((
428 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
429 )))
430
431 (((
432 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
433 )))
434
435 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
436
437 (((
438 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
439
440
441 )))
442
443 (((
444 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
445 )))
446
447 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
448 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
449 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
450
451 (((
452 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
453 )))
454
455 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
456
457 (((
458 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
459
460
461 )))
462
463 (((
464 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
465 )))
466
467 (((
468 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
469 )))
470
471 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
472
473 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
474
475
476 Start Register the end device
477
478 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
479
480 (((
481 Select OTAA activation mode
482
483
484 )))
485
486 (((
487 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
488 )))
489
490 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
491
492 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
493
494
495 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
496
497 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
498
499
500 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
501
502 (((
503 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
504
505
506 )))
507
508 (((
509 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
510 )))
511
512 (((
513 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
514 )))
515
516 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
517
518
519 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
520
521 == 5.1  Home ==
522
523 Shows the system running status.
524
525 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
526
527
528 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
529
530 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
531
532 (((
533 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
534 )))
535
536 (((
537 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
538 )))
539
540 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
541 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
542
543 (((
544
545
546 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
547 )))
548
549 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
550
551 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
552
553
554 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
555
556 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
557
558 * No internet connection.
559 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
560
561 (((
562 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
563 )))
564
565 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
566
567
568 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
569
570 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
571
572 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
573
574 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
575
576 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
577
578 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
579
580 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
581
582 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
583
584
585 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
586
587 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
588
589 (((
590 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
591
592
593 )))
594
595 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
596
597 (((
598 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
599 )))
600
601 (((
602 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
603 )))
604
605 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
606
607
608 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
609
610 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
611
612 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
613
614
615 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
616
617
618 == 5.5 System ==
619
620 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
621
622 Shows the system info:
623
624 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
625
626 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
627
628 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
629
630 (((
631 **__System Password:__**
632 )))
633
634 (((
635 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
636 )))
637
638 (((
639 This page can be used to set the password for them.
640 )))
641
642 (((
643 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
644 )))
645
646 (((
647 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
648 )))
649
650 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
651
652 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
653
654 (((
655 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
656 )))
657
658 (((
659 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
660 )))
661
662 (((
663 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
664
665
666 )))
667
668 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
669
670 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
671
672 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
673
674 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
675
676 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
677
678 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
679
680 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
681
682 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
683
684 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
685
686 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
687
688 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
689
690 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
691
692 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
693
694 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
695
696 Please see this document for detail:
697
698 (((
699 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
700 )))
701
702
703 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
704
705 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
706
707
708 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
709
710 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
711
712 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
713
714 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
715
716 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
717
718 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
719
720 (((
721 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
722 )))
723
724 (((
725 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
726 )))
727
728 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
729
730 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
731
732 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
733
734 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
735
736 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
737
738 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
739
740 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
741
742 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
743
744 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
745
746 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
747
748 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
749
750 (((
751
752 )))
753
754 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
755
756 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
757
758 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
759
760 == 5.6 LogRead ==
761
762 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
763
764
765 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
766
767 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
768
769
770 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
771
772 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
773
774 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
775
776
777 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
778
779 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
780
781
782 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
783
784 Show the system log
785
786 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
787
788 = 6. More features =
789
790 == 6.1 More instructions ==
791
792 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
793
794
795 = 7. Linux System =
796
797 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
798
799 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
800
801 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
802
803 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
804
805 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
806
807 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
808
809 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
810
811 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
812
813 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
814
815 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
816
817 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
818
819
820 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
821
822 (((
823 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
824 )))
825
826 (((
827 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
828 )))
829
830 (((
831 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
832 )))
833
834 (((
835 Screenshot is as below:
836 )))
837
838 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
839
840
841 == 7.3 File System ==
842
843 (((
844 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
845 )))
846
847 (((
848 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
849 )))
850
851 (((
852 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
853 )))
854
855
856 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
857
858 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
859
860 (((
861 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
862 )))
863
864 (((
865 **In Linux Console run:**
866 )))
867
868 (((
869 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
870 )))
871
872 (((
873 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
874 )))
875
876 (((
877 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
878 )))
879
880 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
881
882
883 (((
884 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
885 )))
886
887 (((
888 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
889 )))
890
891 (((
892 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
893 )))
894
895 (((
896 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
897 )))
898
899 (((
900 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
901 )))
902
903 (((
904 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
905 )))
906
907 (((
908 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
909 )))
910
911 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
912
913
914 = 9. FAQ =
915
916 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
917
918 (((
919 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
920 )))
921
922 (((
923
924 )))
925
926 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
927
928 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
929
930
931 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
932
933 (((
934 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
935 )))
936
937 (((
938 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
939 )))
940
941
942 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
943
944 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
945
946
947 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
948
949 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
950
951 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
952
953 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
954
955 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
956
957 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
958
959 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
960
961 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
962
963 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
964
965 (((
966 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
967 )))
968
969 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
970
971
972 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
973
974 (((
975 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
976 )))
977
978 (((
979
980 )))
981
982 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
983
984 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
985
986 (((
987 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
988 )))
989
990 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
991
992
993 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
994
995 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
996
997 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
998 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
999 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1000
1001 As below photo:
1002
1003 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1004
1005 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1006
1007 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1008
1009
1010 = 11. Order Info =
1011
1012 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1013
1014 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1015
1016 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1017 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1018
1019 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1020
1021 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1022 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1023 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1024 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1025
1026 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1027
1028
1029 = 12. Packing Info =
1030
1031 (((
1032 **Package Includes**:
1033 )))
1034
1035 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1036 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1037 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1038
1039 (((
1040 **Dimension and weight**:
1041 )))
1042
1043 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1044 * Weight: 187g
1045 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1046 * Weight: 300g
1047
1048 = 13. Support =
1049
1050 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1051 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1052 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1053 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]