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Version 132.3 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 16:46
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106 == 1.3  Features ==
107
108 * Open Source OpenWrt system
109 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
110 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
111 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
112 * LoRaWAN Gateway
113 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
114 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
115 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
116 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
117 * Support different level log in.
118 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
119 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
120 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
121
122 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
123
124 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
125
126
127 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
128
129 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
130
131
132 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
133
134
135 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
136
137 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
138 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
139 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
140 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
141 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
142 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
143
144 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
145
146
147
148 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
149
150 (((
151 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
152 )))
153
154
155 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
156
157 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
158
159 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
160
161
162 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
163
164 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
165
166
167 (((
168 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
169
170
171
172 )))
173
174 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
175
176 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
177
178
179 (((
180 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
181
182
183
184 )))
185
186 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
187
188 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
189
190
191 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
192
193
194
195 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
196
197 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
198
199
200
201 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
202
203 **Web Interface**
204
205 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
206
207 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
208
209 or
210
211 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
212
213
214 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
215
216 The account details for Web Login are:
217
218 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
219
220 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
221
222 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
223
224
225
226 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
227
228 == 3.1  Overview ==
229
230 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
231
232 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
233 * **WiFi Client Mode**
234 * **WiFi AP Mode**
235
236 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
237
238 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
239
240
241 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
242
243
244 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
245
246 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
247
248 (((
249 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
250
251 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
252 )))
253
254
255 (((
256 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
257
258
259 )))
260
261 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
262
263 (((
264 (((
265 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
266 )))
267
268
269 (((
270 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
271 )))
272
273 (((
274 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
275 )))
276 )))
277
278
279 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
280
281 (((
282
283 )))
284
285 (((
286 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
287 )))
288
289 (((
290 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
291 )))
292
293 (((
294 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
295 )))
296
297
298 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
299
300 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
301
302 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
303 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
304 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
305
306 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
307
308
309
310 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
311
312 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
313
314 (((
315 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
316 )))
317
318 (((
319 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
320 )))
321
322
323
324 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
325
326 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
327
328 (((
329 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
330 )))
331
332 (((
333 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
334 )))
335
336 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
337
338
339 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
340
341 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
342
343 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
344
345
346 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
347
348 (((
349 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
350 )))
351
352 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
353
354
355 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
356 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
357 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
358 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
359
360 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
361
362 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
363
364 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
365
366
367 Open the following page:
368
369
370 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
371
372
373 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
374
375
376 (((
377 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
378 )))
379
380 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
381
382 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
383
384
385 == 4.2  Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
386
387 (((
388 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
389 )))
390
391 (((
392 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
393 )))
394
395 (((
396 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
397 )))
398
399 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
400
401 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
402
403
404 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
405
406 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
407
408
409 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
410
411 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
412
413
414 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
415
416 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
417
418 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
419
420
421 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
422
423 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
424
425
426 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
427
428 (((
429 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
430 )))
431
432 (((
433 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
434 )))
435
436 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
437
438 (((
439 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
440
441
442 )))
443
444 (((
445 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
446 )))
447
448 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
449 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
450 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
451
452 (((
453 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
454 )))
455
456 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
457
458 (((
459 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
460
461
462 )))
463
464 (((
465 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
466 )))
467
468 (((
469 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
470 )))
471
472 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
473
474 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
475
476
477 Start Register the end device
478
479 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
480
481 (((
482 Select OTAA activation mode
483
484
485 )))
486
487 (((
488 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
489 )))
490
491 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
492
493 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
494
495
496 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
497
498 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
499
500
501 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
502
503 (((
504 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
505
506
507 )))
508
509 (((
510 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
511 )))
512
513 (((
514 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
515 )))
516
517 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
518
519
520 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
521
522 == 5.1  Home ==
523
524 Shows the system running status.
525
526 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
527
528
529 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
530
531 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
532
533 (((
534 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
535 )))
536
537 (((
538 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
539 )))
540
541 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
542 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
543
544 (((
545
546
547 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
548 )))
549
550 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
551
552 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
553
554
555 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
556
557 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
558
559 * No internet connection.
560 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
561
562
563 (((
564 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
565 )))
566
567 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
568
569
570 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
571
572 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
573
574 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
575
576 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
577
578 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
579
580 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
581
582 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
583
584 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
585
586
587 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
588
589 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
590
591 (((
592 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
593 )))
594
595 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
596
597 (((
598 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
599 )))
600
601 (((
602 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
603 )))
604
605 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
606
607 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
608
609 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
610
611 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
612
613
614 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
615
616 == 5.5 System ==
617
618 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
619
620 Shows the system info:
621
622 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
623
624 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
625
626 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
627
628 (((
629 **__System Password:__**
630 )))
631
632 (((
633 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
634 )))
635
636 (((
637 This page can be used to set the password for them.
638 )))
639
640 (((
641 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
642 )))
643
644 (((
645 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
646 )))
647
648 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
649
650 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
651
652 (((
653 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
654 )))
655
656 (((
657 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
658 )))
659
660 (((
661 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
662
663
664 )))
665
666 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
667
668 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
669
670 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
671
672 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
673
674 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
675
676 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
677
678 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
679
680 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
681
682 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
683
684 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
685
686 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
687
688 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
689
690 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
691
692 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
693
694 Please see this document for detail:
695
696 (((
697 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
698 )))
699
700
701 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
702
703 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
704
705
706 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
707
708 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
709
710 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
711
712 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
713
714 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
715
716 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
717
718 (((
719 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
720 )))
721
722 (((
723 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
724 )))
725
726 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
727
728 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
729
730 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
731
732 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
733
734 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
735
736 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
737
738 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
739
740 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
741
742 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
743
744 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
745
746 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
747
748 (((
749
750 )))
751
752 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
753
754 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
755
756 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
757
758 == 5.6 LogRead ==
759
760 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
761
762
763 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
764
765 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
766
767
768 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
769
770 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
771
772 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
773
774
775 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
776
777 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
778
779
780 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
781
782 Show the system log
783
784 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
785
786 = 6. More features =
787
788 == 6.1 More instructions ==
789
790 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
791
792
793 = 7. Linux System =
794
795 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
796
797 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
798
799 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
800
801 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
802
803 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
804
805 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
806
807 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
808
809 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
810
811 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
812
813 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
814
815 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
816
817
818 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
819
820 (((
821 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
822 )))
823
824 (((
825 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
826 )))
827
828 (((
829 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
830 )))
831
832 (((
833 Screenshot is as below:
834 )))
835
836 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
837
838
839 == 7.3 File System ==
840
841 (((
842 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
843 )))
844
845 (((
846 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
847 )))
848
849 (((
850 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
851 )))
852
853
854 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
855
856 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
857
858 (((
859 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
860 )))
861
862 (((
863 **In Linux Console run:**
864 )))
865
866 (((
867 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
868 )))
869
870 (((
871 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
872 )))
873
874 (((
875 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
876 )))
877
878 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
879
880
881 (((
882 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
883 )))
884
885 (((
886 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
887 )))
888
889 (((
890 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
891 )))
892
893 (((
894 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
895 )))
896
897 (((
898 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
899 )))
900
901 (((
902 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
903 )))
904
905 (((
906 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
907 )))
908
909 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
910
911
912 = 9. FAQ =
913
914 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
915
916 (((
917 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
918 )))
919
920 (((
921
922 )))
923
924 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
925
926 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
927
928
929 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
930
931 (((
932 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
933 )))
934
935 (((
936 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
937 )))
938
939
940 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
941
942 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
943
944
945 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
946
947 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
948
949 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
950
951 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
952
953 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
954
955 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
956
957 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
958
959 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
960
961 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
962
963 (((
964 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
965 )))
966
967 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
968
969
970 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
971
972 (((
973 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
974 )))
975
976 (((
977
978 )))
979
980 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
981
982 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
983
984 (((
985 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
986 )))
987
988 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
989
990
991 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
992
993 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
994
995 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
996 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
997 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
998
999 As below photo:
1000
1001 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1002
1003 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1004
1005 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1006
1007
1008 = 11. Order Info =
1009
1010 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1011
1012 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1013
1014 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1015 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1016
1017 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1018
1019 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1020 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1021 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1022 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1023
1024 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1025
1026
1027 = 12. Packing Info =
1028
1029 (((
1030 **Package Includes**:
1031 )))
1032
1033 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1034 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1035 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1036
1037 (((
1038 **Dimension and weight**:
1039 )))
1040
1041 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1042 * Weight: 187g
1043 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1044 * Weight: 300g
1045
1046 = 13. Support =
1047
1048 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1049 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1050 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1051 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]