Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 114.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 15:19

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
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74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
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81.1	13
50.3	14
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94.2	20
96.2	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
94.2	22
96.2	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
94.2	24
	25
	26
95.4	27	(((
94.2	28	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
95.4	29	)))
94.2	30
95.4	31	(((
94.2	32	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
95.4	33	)))
94.2	34
95.4	35	(((
94.2	36	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
95.4	37	)))
94.2	38
95.4	39	(((
94.2	40	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
95.4	41	)))
94.2	42
75.2	43	(((
94.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
95.2	47	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	48
95.2	49
96.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
	52
95.2	53	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
95.2	63	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	64
50.3	65	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	66	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	67	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	68	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	69	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	70	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	71	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	72
95.2	73	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	74
50.3	75	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	76	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	77	* Tx power:
	78	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	79	** 11b tx power: 18db
	80	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	81	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	82	* Wifi Sensitivity
	83	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	84	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	85
95.2	86	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	87
	88	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	89	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	90	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	91	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	92	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	93	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	94	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	95	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	96
95.2	97	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	98
	99	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	100	* Micro SIM Slot
	101	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	102	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	103	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	104	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	105
104.4	106
	107
96.2	108	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	109
95.6	110	* Open Source OpenWrt system
	111	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
	112	* Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
	113	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	114	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	115	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	116	* Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
	117	* Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
	118	* Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
	119	* Support different level log in.
	120	* Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
	121	* Support LoRaWAN basic station.
	122	* Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
95.5	123
104.4	124
	125
96.2	126	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	127
96.2	128	[[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
50.3	129
96.2	130
97.2	131	== 1.5 LPS8N Applications ==
50.3	132
97.2	133	[[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
50.3	134
	135
97.2	136	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	137
50.3	138
101.2	139	LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
50.3	140
101.2	141	* Power LED [[image:image-20220706115518-1.png\|\|height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)RED LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	142	* LoRa LED [[image:image-20220706115518-2.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This RGB LED will (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%) when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
101.4	143	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png\|\|height="16" width="16"]] : This RGB LED will shows different colors on different state:
101.2	144	(% style="color:blue" %)SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
104.5	145	(% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
101.3	146	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	147
101.2	148	* ETH LED [[image:image-20220706115518-4.png\|\|height="15" width="17"]] : This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
50.3	149
103.2	150	= 2. Access and Configure LPS8N =
50.3	151
103.2	152	(((
	153	The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
	154	)))
50.3	155
	156
103.2	157	== 2.1 Find IP address of LPS8N ==
50.3	158
103.2	159	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
50.3	160
103.2	161	[[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
50.3	162
	163
103.2	164	At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
	165
73.5	166	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	167
	168
75.3	169	(((
50.3	170	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
103.2	171
	172
	173
75.3	174	)))
50.3	175
103.2	176	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	177
103.2	178	[[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
50.3	179
	180
77.2	181	(((
103.2	182	Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	183
	184
	185
77.2	186	)))
50.3	187
104.2	188	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	189
104.2	190	[[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
50.3	191
	192
104.2	193	If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
50.3	194
	195
104.2	196
	197	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	198
104.5	199	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>\|\|anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>\|\|anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
50.3	200
104.2	201
	202
104.5	203	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
50.3	204
	205	Web Interface
	206
108.2	207	Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
50.3	208
	209	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	210
	211	or
	212
	213	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	214
	215
108.2	216	You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
50.3	217
	218	The account details for Web Login are:
	219
	220	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	221
	222	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	223
73.5	224	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	225
104.6	226
	227
108.2	228	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
50.3	229
108.2	230	== 3.1 Overview ==
50.3	231
108.2	232	The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
50.3	233
	234	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	235	* WiFi Client Mode
	236	* WiFi AP Mode
	237
104.6	238
	239
108.2	240	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
50.3	241
108.2	242	By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
50.3	243
	244
108.2	245	[[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
50.3	246
108.2	247
	248	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	249
50.3	250	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	251
77.2	252	(((
50.3	253	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
108.2	254
	255	[[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
77.2	256	)))
50.3	257
	258
77.2	259	(((
50.3	260	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
108.2	261
	262
77.2	263	)))
50.3	264
110.2	265	== 3.4 Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
50.3	266
108.2	267	(((
	268	(((
	269	If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	270	)))
50.3	271
108.2	272
77.2	273	(((
108.2	274	First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
77.2	275	)))
50.3	276
108.2	277	(((
	278	Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
	279	)))
	280	)))
50.3	281
	282
108.2	283	[[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
	284
80.2	285	(((
108.2	286
80.2	287	)))
50.3	288
77.2	289	(((
50.3	290	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	291	)))
50.3	292
77.2	293	(((
50.3	294	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	295	)))
50.3	296
80.2	297	(((
108.2	298	[[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
80.2	299	)))
50.3	300
	301
110.2	302	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
50.3	303
	304	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	305
78.2	306	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
110.2	307	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
111.2	308	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
50.3	309
110.2	310	[[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
	311
50.3	312
	313
110.2	314	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
50.3	315
110.2	316	LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	317
80.4	318	(((
110.2	319	[[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
80.4	320	)))
50.3	321
110.3	322	(((
	323	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
	324	)))
50.3	325
	326
	327
110.3	328	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	329
50.3	330	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	331
78.3	332	(((
111.2	333	Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	334	)))
50.3	335
80.4	336	(((
111.2	337	[[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
80.4	338	)))
50.3	339
111.2	340	The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)a840411e96744154
50.3	341
111.2	342
50.3	343	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	344
	345	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	346
113.2	347	[[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
50.3	348
113.2	349
50.3	350	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	351
80.4	352	(((
113.2	353	[[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
80.4	354	)))
50.3	355
	356	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	357
113.2	358
50.3	359	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	360	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	361	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	362	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	363
113.2	364
	365
50.3	366	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	367
	368
	369	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	370
113.2	371
50.3	372	Open the following page:
	373
73.5	374	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	375
73.5	376	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	377
80.4	378	(((
50.3	379	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	380	)))
50.3	381
	382	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	383
73.5	384	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	385
	386	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	387
80.4	388	(((
50.3	389	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	390	)))
50.3	391
80.4	392	(((
50.3	393	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	394	)))
50.3	395
80.4	396	(((
50.3	397	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	398	)))
50.3	399
73.5	400	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	401
	402	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	403
	404	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	405
73.5	406	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	407
	408	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	409
73.5	410	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	411
	412	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	413
	414	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	415
73.5	416	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	417
	418
	419	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	420
73.5	421	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	422
78.3	423	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	424
78.3	425	(((
50.3	426	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	427	)))
50.3	428
78.3	429	(((
50.3	430	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	431	)))
50.3	432
73.5	433	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	434
78.3	435	(((
50.3	436	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	437	)))
50.3	438
78.3	439	(((
50.3	440	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	441	)))
50.3	442
	443	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	444	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	445	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	446
78.3	447	(((
50.3	448	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	449	)))
50.3	450
73.5	451	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	452
78.3	453	(((
50.3	454	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	455	)))
50.3	456
78.3	457	(((
50.3	458	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	459	)))
50.3	460
78.3	461	(((
50.3	462	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	463	)))
50.3	464
73.5	465	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	466
	467	Open the Application select Add end device
	468
	469	Start Register the end device
	470
73.5	471	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	472
78.3	473	(((
50.3	474	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	475	)))
50.3	476
78.3	477	(((
50.3	478	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	479	)))
50.3	480
73.5	481	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	482
	483	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	484
73.5	485	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	486
	487	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	488
73.5	489	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	490
78.3	491	(((
50.3	492	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	493	)))
50.3	494
78.3	495	(((
50.3	496	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	497	)))
50.3	498
78.3	499	(((
50.3	500	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	501	)))
50.3	502
73.5	503	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	504
	505	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	506
	507	== 5.1 Home ==
	508
	509	Shows the system running status.
	510
73.5	511	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	512
	513	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	514
	515	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	516
78.4	517	(((
50.3	518	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	519	)))
50.3	520
78.4	521	(((
50.3	522	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	523	)))
50.3	524
	525	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	526	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	527
78.4	528	(((
50.3	529	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	530	)))
50.3	531
73.5	532	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	533
80.10	534	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	535
	536
	537	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	538
	539	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	540
	541	* No internet connection.
80.9	542	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	543
78.4	544	(((
80.10	545	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	546	)))
50.3	547
73.5	548	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	549
	550	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	551
	552	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	553
	554	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	555
73.5	556	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	557
	558	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	559
	560	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	561
	562	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	563
80.10	564	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	565
	566	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	567
73.5	568	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	569
78.4	570	(((
80.10	571	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	572	)))
50.3	573
	574	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	575
78.4	576	(((
50.3	577	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	578	)))
50.3	579
78.4	580	(((
80.10	581	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	582	)))
50.3	583
73.5	584	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	585
	586	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	587
	588	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	589
80.10	590	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	591
	592
73.5	593	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	594
	595	== 5.5 System ==
	596
	597	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	598
	599	Shows the system info:
	600
73.5	601	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	602
	603	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	604
73.5	605	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	606
78.5	607	(((
54.2	608	__System Password:__
78.5	609	)))
50.3	610
78.5	611	(((
54.2	612	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	613	)))
50.3	614
78.5	615	(((
50.3	616	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	617	)))
50.3	618
54.2	619	(((
78.5	620	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	621	)))
50.3	622
54.2	623	(((
78.5	624	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	625	)))
50.3	626
54.2	627	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	628
73.5	629	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	630
78.5	631	(((
	632	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	633	)))
50.3	634
54.2	635	(((
78.5	636	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	637	)))
50.3	638
54.2	639	(((
78.5	640	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	641
	642
54.2	643	)))
50.3	644
54.2	645	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	646
	647	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	648
73.5	649	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	650
54.2	651	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	652
	653	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	654
73.5	655	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	656
54.2	657	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	658
59.2	659	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	660
73.5	661	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	662
59.2	663	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	664
	665	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	666
73.5	667	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	668
73.5	669	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	670
73.5	671	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	672
	673	Please see this document for detail:
	674
80.4	675	(((
50.3	676	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	677	)))
50.3	678
	679
80.10	680	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	681
73.5	682	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	683
80.10	684
66.2	685	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	686
	687	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	688
	689	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	690
	691	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	692
	693	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	694
	695	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	696
78.5	697	(((
66.2	698	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	699	)))
50.3	700
78.5	701	(((
66.2	702	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	703	)))
50.3	704
73.5	705	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	706
	707	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	708
66.2	709	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	710
	711	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	712
73.5	713	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	714
66.2	715	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	716
66.2	717	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	718
66.2	719	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	720
66.2	721	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	722
66.2	723	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	724
73.5	725	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	726
73.7	727	(((
	728
	729	)))
50.3	730
66.2	731	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	732
73.5	733	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	734
	735	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	736
66.2	737	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	738
66.2	739	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	740
	741
	742	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	743
91.1	744	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	745
	746
	747	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	748
93.1	749	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	750
93.1	751	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	752
93.1	753
91.1	754	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	755
	756	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	757
	758
66.2	759	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	760
	761	Show the system log
	762
73.5	763	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	764
66.2	765	= 6. More features =
50.3	766
66.2	767	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	768
80.12	769	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	770
80.12	771
66.2	772	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	773
	774	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	775
66.2	776	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	777
	778	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	779
	780	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	781
	782	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	783
71.2	784	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	785
71.2	786	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	787
	788	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	789
73.5	790	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	791
71.2	792	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	793
73.5	794	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	795
80.13	796
67.3	797	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	798
78.5	799	(((
71.2	800	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	801	)))
50.3	802
78.5	803	(((
50.3	804	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	805	)))
50.3	806
78.5	807	(((
50.3	808	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	809	)))
50.3	810
78.5	811	(((
50.3	812	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	813	)))
50.3	814
73.5	815	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	816
	817
71.3	818	== 7.3 File System ==
	819
78.6	820	(((
50.3	821	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	822	)))
50.3	823
78.6	824	(((
50.3	825	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	826	)))
50.3	827
78.6	828	(((
50.3	829	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	830	)))
50.3	831
71.6	832
71.3	833	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	834
71.3	835	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	836
78.6	837	(((
71.3	838	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	839	)))
50.3	840
78.6	841	(((
71.6	842	In Linux Console run:
78.6	843	)))
50.3	844
71.6	845	(((
71.7	846	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	847	)))
50.3	848
71.6	849	(((
	850	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	851	)))
50.3	852
71.6	853	(((
	854	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	855	)))
50.3	856
	857	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	858
	859
71.6	860	(((
71.7	861	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	862	)))
50.3	863
71.6	864	(((
71.7	865	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	866	)))
50.3	867
71.6	868	(((
73.3	869	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	870	)))
50.3	871
71.6	872	(((
71.7	873	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	874	)))
50.3	875
71.6	876	(((
73.3	877	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	878	)))
50.3	879
71.6	880	(((
71.7	881	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	882	)))
50.3	883
71.6	884	(((
71.7	885	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	886	)))
50.3	887
73.2	888	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	889
71.7	890
73.2	891	= 9. FAQ =
	892
71.6	893	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	894
78.6	895	(((
80.10	896	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	897	)))
50.3	898
78.6	899	(((
80.10	900
78.6	901	)))
50.3	902
71.6	903	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	904
80.10	905	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	906
73.2	907
71.6	908	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	909
78.6	910	(((
50.3	911	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	912	)))
50.3	913
78.6	914	(((
50.3	915	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	916	)))
50.3	917
73.2	918
71.6	919	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	920
	921	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	922
71.7	923
73.2	924	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	925
71.6	926	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	927
	928	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	929
73.3	930	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	931
73.5	932	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	933
73.3	934	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	935
73.3	936	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	937
73.3	938	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	939
73.3	940	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	941
78.6	942	(((
50.3	943	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	944	)))
50.3	945
73.3	946	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	947
73.2	948
71.6	949	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	950
78.6	951	(((
80.11	952	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	953	)))
50.3	954
78.6	955	(((
80.11	956
78.6	957	)))
50.3	958
71.6	959	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	960
73.5	961	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	962
78.6	963	(((
50.3	964	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	965	)))
50.3	966
73.5	967	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	968
	969
	970	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	971
73.2	972	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	973
	974	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	975	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	976	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	977
	978	As below photo:
	979
73.5	980	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	981
73.2	982	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	983
	984	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	985
73.5	986
71.7	987	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	988
73.6	989	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	990
73.6	991	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	992
73.6	993	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	994	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	995
73.6	996	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	997
73.6	998	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	999	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	1000	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	1001	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	1002
	1003	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	1004
73.6	1005
71.7	1006	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	1007
78.6	1008	(((
50.3	1009	Package Includes:
78.6	1010	)))
50.3	1011
	1012	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	1013	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	1014	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1015
78.6	1016	(((
50.3	1017	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1018	)))
50.3	1019
	1020	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	1021	* Weight: 187g
	1022	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	1023	* Weight: 300g
	1024
71.7	1025	= 13. Support =
50.3	1026
80.15	1027	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1028	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1029	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1030	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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