Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 114.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 15:19

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
	4
	5
	6
74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
	9
	10
	11
	12
81.1	13
50.3	14
	15
	16
	17
	18
	19
94.2	20
96.2	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
94.2	22
96.2	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
94.2	24
	25
	26
95.4	27	(((
94.2	28	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
95.4	29	)))
94.2	30
95.4	31	(((
94.2	32	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
95.4	33	)))
94.2	34
95.4	35	(((
94.2	36	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
95.4	37	)))
94.2	38
95.4	39	(((
94.2	40	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
95.4	41	)))
94.2	42
75.2	43	(((
94.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
95.2	47	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	48
95.2	49
96.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
	52
95.2	53	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
95.2	63	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	64
50.3	65	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	66	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	67	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	68	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	69	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	70	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	71	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	72
95.2	73	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	74
50.3	75	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	76	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	77	* Tx power:
	78	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	79	** 11b tx power: 18db
	80	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	81	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	82	* Wifi Sensitivity
	83	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	84	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	85
95.2	86	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	87
	88	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	89	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	90	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	91	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	92	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	93	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	94	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	95	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	96
95.2	97	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	98
	99	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	100	* Micro SIM Slot
	101	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	102	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	103	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	104	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	105
104.4	106
	107
96.2	108	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	109
95.6	110	* Open Source OpenWrt system
	111	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
	112	* Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
	113	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	114	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	115	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	116	* Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
	117	* Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
	118	* Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
	119	* Support different level log in.
	120	* Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
	121	* Support LoRaWAN basic station.
	122	* Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
95.5	123
104.4	124
	125
96.2	126	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	127
96.2	128	[[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
50.3	129
96.2	130
97.2	131	== 1.5 LPS8N Applications ==
50.3	132
97.2	133	[[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
50.3	134
	135
97.2	136	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	137
50.3	138
101.2	139	LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
50.3	140
101.2	141	* Power LED [[image:image-20220706115518-1.png\|\|height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)RED LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	142	* LoRa LED [[image:image-20220706115518-2.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This RGB LED will (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%) when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
101.4	143	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png\|\|height="16" width="16"]] : This RGB LED will shows different colors on different state:
101.2	144	(% style="color:blue" %)SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
104.5	145	(% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
101.3	146	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	147
101.2	148	* ETH LED [[image:image-20220706115518-4.png\|\|height="15" width="17"]] : This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
50.3	149
103.2	150	= 2. Access and Configure LPS8N =
50.3	151
103.2	152	(((
	153	The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
	154	)))
50.3	155
	156
103.2	157	== 2.1 Find IP address of LPS8N ==
50.3	158
103.2	159	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
50.3	160
103.2	161	[[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
50.3	162
	163
103.2	164	At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
	165
73.5	166	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	167
	168
75.3	169	(((
50.3	170	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
103.2	171
	172
	173
75.3	174	)))
50.3	175
103.2	176	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	177
103.2	178	[[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
50.3	179
	180
77.2	181	(((
103.2	182	Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	183
	184
	185
77.2	186	)))
50.3	187
104.2	188	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	189
104.2	190	[[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
50.3	191
	192
104.2	193	If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
50.3	194
	195
104.2	196
	197	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	198
104.5	199	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>\|\|anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>\|\|anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
50.3	200
104.2	201
	202
104.5	203	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
50.3	204
	205	Web Interface
	206
108.2	207	Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
50.3	208
	209	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	210
	211	or
	212
	213	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	214
	215
108.2	216	You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
50.3	217
	218	The account details for Web Login are:
	219
	220	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	221
	222	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	223
73.5	224	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	225
104.6	226
	227
108.2	228	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
50.3	229
108.2	230	== 3.1 Overview ==
50.3	231
108.2	232	The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
50.3	233
	234	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	235	* WiFi Client Mode
	236	* WiFi AP Mode
	237
104.6	238
	239
108.2	240	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
50.3	241
108.2	242	By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
50.3	243
	244
108.2	245	[[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
50.3	246
108.2	247
	248	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	249
50.3	250	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	251
77.2	252	(((
50.3	253	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
108.2	254
	255	[[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
77.2	256	)))
50.3	257
	258
77.2	259	(((
50.3	260	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
108.2	261
	262
77.2	263	)))
50.3	264
110.2	265	== 3.4 Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
50.3	266
108.2	267	(((
	268	(((
	269	If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	270	)))
50.3	271
108.2	272
77.2	273	(((
108.2	274	First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
77.2	275	)))
50.3	276
108.2	277	(((
	278	Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
	279	)))
	280	)))
50.3	281
	282
108.2	283	[[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
	284
80.2	285	(((
108.2	286
80.2	287	)))
50.3	288
77.2	289	(((
50.3	290	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	291	)))
50.3	292
77.2	293	(((
50.3	294	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	295	)))
50.3	296
80.2	297	(((
108.2	298	[[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
80.2	299	)))
50.3	300
	301
110.2	302	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
50.3	303
	304	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	305
78.2	306	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
110.2	307	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
111.2	308	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
50.3	309
110.2	310	[[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
	311
50.3	312
	313
110.2	314	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
50.3	315
110.2	316	LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	317
80.4	318	(((
110.2	319	[[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
80.4	320	)))
50.3	321
110.3	322	(((
	323	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
	324	)))
50.3	325
	326
	327
110.3	328	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	329
50.3	330	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	331
78.3	332	(((
111.2	333	Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	334	)))
50.3	335
80.4	336	(((
111.2	337	[[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
80.4	338	)))
50.3	339
111.2	340	The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)a840411e96744154
50.3	341
111.2	342
50.3	343	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	344
	345	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	346
113.2	347	[[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
50.3	348
113.2	349
50.3	350	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	351
80.4	352	(((
113.2	353	[[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
80.4	354	)))
50.3	355
	356	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	357
113.2	358
50.3	359	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	360	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	361	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	362	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	363
113.2	364
	365
50.3	366	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	367
73.5	368	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	369
	370	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	371
113.2	372
50.3	373	Open the following page:
	374
73.5	375	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	376
73.5	377	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	378
80.4	379	(((
50.3	380	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	381	)))
50.3	382
	383	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	384
73.5	385	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	386
	387	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	388
80.4	389	(((
50.3	390	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	391	)))
50.3	392
80.4	393	(((
50.3	394	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	395	)))
50.3	396
80.4	397	(((
50.3	398	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	399	)))
50.3	400
73.5	401	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	402
	403	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	404
	405	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	406
73.5	407	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	408
	409	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	410
73.5	411	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	412
	413	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	414
	415	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	416
73.5	417	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	418
	419
	420	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	421
73.5	422	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	423
78.3	424	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	425
78.3	426	(((
50.3	427	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	428	)))
50.3	429
78.3	430	(((
50.3	431	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	432	)))
50.3	433
73.5	434	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	435
78.3	436	(((
50.3	437	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	438	)))
50.3	439
78.3	440	(((
50.3	441	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	442	)))
50.3	443
	444	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	445	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	446	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	447
78.3	448	(((
50.3	449	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	450	)))
50.3	451
73.5	452	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	453
78.3	454	(((
50.3	455	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	456	)))
50.3	457
78.3	458	(((
50.3	459	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	460	)))
50.3	461
78.3	462	(((
50.3	463	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	464	)))
50.3	465
73.5	466	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	467
	468	Open the Application select Add end device
	469
	470	Start Register the end device
	471
73.5	472	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	473
78.3	474	(((
50.3	475	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	476	)))
50.3	477
78.3	478	(((
50.3	479	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	480	)))
50.3	481
73.5	482	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	483
	484	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	485
73.5	486	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	487
	488	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	489
73.5	490	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	491
78.3	492	(((
50.3	493	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	494	)))
50.3	495
78.3	496	(((
50.3	497	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	498	)))
50.3	499
78.3	500	(((
50.3	501	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	502	)))
50.3	503
73.5	504	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	505
	506	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	507
	508	== 5.1 Home ==
	509
	510	Shows the system running status.
	511
73.5	512	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	513
	514	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	515
	516	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	517
78.4	518	(((
50.3	519	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	520	)))
50.3	521
78.4	522	(((
50.3	523	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	524	)))
50.3	525
	526	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	527	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	528
78.4	529	(((
50.3	530	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	531	)))
50.3	532
73.5	533	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	534
80.10	535	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	536
	537
	538	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	539
	540	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	541
	542	* No internet connection.
80.9	543	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	544
78.4	545	(((
80.10	546	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	547	)))
50.3	548
73.5	549	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	550
	551	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	552
	553	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	554
	555	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	556
73.5	557	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	558
	559	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	560
	561	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	562
	563	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	564
80.10	565	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	566
	567	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	568
73.5	569	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	570
78.4	571	(((
80.10	572	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	573	)))
50.3	574
	575	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	576
78.4	577	(((
50.3	578	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	579	)))
50.3	580
78.4	581	(((
80.10	582	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	583	)))
50.3	584
73.5	585	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	586
	587	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	588
	589	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	590
80.10	591	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	592
	593
73.5	594	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	595
	596	== 5.5 System ==
	597
	598	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	599
	600	Shows the system info:
	601
73.5	602	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	603
	604	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	605
73.5	606	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	607
78.5	608	(((
54.2	609	__System Password:__
78.5	610	)))
50.3	611
78.5	612	(((
54.2	613	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	614	)))
50.3	615
78.5	616	(((
50.3	617	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	618	)))
50.3	619
54.2	620	(((
78.5	621	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	622	)))
50.3	623
54.2	624	(((
78.5	625	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	626	)))
50.3	627
54.2	628	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	629
73.5	630	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	631
78.5	632	(((
	633	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	634	)))
50.3	635
54.2	636	(((
78.5	637	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	638	)))
50.3	639
54.2	640	(((
78.5	641	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	642
	643
54.2	644	)))
50.3	645
54.2	646	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	647
	648	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	649
73.5	650	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	651
54.2	652	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	653
	654	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	655
73.5	656	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	657
54.2	658	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	659
59.2	660	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	661
73.5	662	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	663
59.2	664	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	665
	666	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	667
73.5	668	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	669
73.5	670	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	671
73.5	672	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	673
	674	Please see this document for detail:
	675
80.4	676	(((
50.3	677	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	678	)))
50.3	679
	680
80.10	681	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	682
73.5	683	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	684
80.10	685
66.2	686	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	687
	688	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	689
	690	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	691
	692	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	693
	694	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	695
	696	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	697
78.5	698	(((
66.2	699	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	700	)))
50.3	701
78.5	702	(((
66.2	703	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	704	)))
50.3	705
73.5	706	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	707
	708	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	709
66.2	710	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	711
	712	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	713
73.5	714	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	715
66.2	716	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	717
66.2	718	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	719
66.2	720	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	721
66.2	722	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	723
66.2	724	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	725
73.5	726	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	727
73.7	728	(((
	729
	730	)))
50.3	731
66.2	732	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	733
73.5	734	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	735
	736	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	737
66.2	738	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	739
66.2	740	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	741
	742
	743	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	744
91.1	745	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	746
	747
	748	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	749
93.1	750	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	751
93.1	752	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	753
93.1	754
91.1	755	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	756
	757	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	758
	759
66.2	760	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	761
	762	Show the system log
	763
73.5	764	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	765
66.2	766	= 6. More features =
50.3	767
66.2	768	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	769
80.12	770	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	771
80.12	772
66.2	773	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	774
	775	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	776
66.2	777	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	778
	779	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	780
	781	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	782
	783	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	784
71.2	785	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	786
71.2	787	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	788
	789	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	790
73.5	791	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	792
71.2	793	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	794
73.5	795	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	796
80.13	797
67.3	798	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	799
78.5	800	(((
71.2	801	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	802	)))
50.3	803
78.5	804	(((
50.3	805	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	806	)))
50.3	807
78.5	808	(((
50.3	809	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	810	)))
50.3	811
78.5	812	(((
50.3	813	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	814	)))
50.3	815
73.5	816	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	817
	818
71.3	819	== 7.3 File System ==
	820
78.6	821	(((
50.3	822	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	823	)))
50.3	824
78.6	825	(((
50.3	826	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	827	)))
50.3	828
78.6	829	(((
50.3	830	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	831	)))
50.3	832
71.6	833
71.3	834	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	835
71.3	836	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	837
78.6	838	(((
71.3	839	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	840	)))
50.3	841
78.6	842	(((
71.6	843	In Linux Console run:
78.6	844	)))
50.3	845
71.6	846	(((
71.7	847	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	848	)))
50.3	849
71.6	850	(((
	851	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	852	)))
50.3	853
71.6	854	(((
	855	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	856	)))
50.3	857
	858	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	859
	860
71.6	861	(((
71.7	862	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	863	)))
50.3	864
71.6	865	(((
71.7	866	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	867	)))
50.3	868
71.6	869	(((
73.3	870	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	871	)))
50.3	872
71.6	873	(((
71.7	874	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	875	)))
50.3	876
71.6	877	(((
73.3	878	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	879	)))
50.3	880
71.6	881	(((
71.7	882	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	883	)))
50.3	884
71.6	885	(((
71.7	886	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	887	)))
50.3	888
73.2	889	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	890
71.7	891
73.2	892	= 9. FAQ =
	893
71.6	894	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	895
78.6	896	(((
80.10	897	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	898	)))
50.3	899
78.6	900	(((
80.10	901
78.6	902	)))
50.3	903
71.6	904	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	905
80.10	906	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	907
73.2	908
71.6	909	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	910
78.6	911	(((
50.3	912	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	913	)))
50.3	914
78.6	915	(((
50.3	916	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	917	)))
50.3	918
73.2	919
71.6	920	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	921
	922	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	923
71.7	924
73.2	925	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	926
71.6	927	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	928
	929	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	930
73.3	931	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	932
73.5	933	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	934
73.3	935	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	936
73.3	937	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	938
73.3	939	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	940
73.3	941	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	942
78.6	943	(((
50.3	944	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	945	)))
50.3	946
73.3	947	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	948
73.2	949
71.6	950	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	951
78.6	952	(((
80.11	953	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	954	)))
50.3	955
78.6	956	(((
80.11	957
78.6	958	)))
50.3	959
71.6	960	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	961
73.5	962	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	963
78.6	964	(((
50.3	965	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	966	)))
50.3	967
73.5	968	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	969
	970
	971	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	972
73.2	973	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	974
	975	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	976	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	977	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	978
	979	As below photo:
	980
73.5	981	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	982
73.2	983	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	984
	985	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	986
73.5	987
71.7	988	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	989
73.6	990	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	991
73.6	992	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	993
73.6	994	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	995	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	996
73.6	997	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	998
73.6	999	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	1000	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	1001	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	1002	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	1003
	1004	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	1005
73.6	1006
71.7	1007	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	1008
78.6	1009	(((
50.3	1010	Package Includes:
78.6	1011	)))
50.3	1012
	1013	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	1014	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	1015	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	1016
78.6	1017	(((
50.3	1018	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1019	)))
50.3	1020
	1021	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	1022	* Weight: 187g
	1023	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	1024	* Weight: 300g
	1025
71.7	1026	= 13. Support =
50.3	1027
80.15	1028	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1029	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1030	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1031	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Applications