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Version 111.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 15:13
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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20
21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107
108 == 1.3  Features ==
109
110 * Open Source OpenWrt system
111 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
112 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
113 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
114 * LoRaWAN Gateway
115 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
116 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
117 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
118 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
119 * Support different level log in.
120 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
121 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
122 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
123
124
125
126 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
127
128 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
129
130
131 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
132
133 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
134
135
136 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
137
138
139 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
140
141 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
142 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
143 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
144 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
145 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
146 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
147
148 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
149
150 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
151
152 (((
153 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
154 )))
155
156
157 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
158
159 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
160
161 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
162
163
164 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
165
166 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
167
168
169 (((
170 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
171
172
173
174 )))
175
176 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
177
178 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
179
180
181 (((
182 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
183
184
185
186 )))
187
188 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
189
190 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
191
192
193 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
194
195
196
197 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
198
199 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
200
201
202
203 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
204
205 **Web Interface**
206
207 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
208
209 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
210
211 or
212
213 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
214
215
216 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
217
218 The account details for Web Login are:
219
220 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
221
222 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
223
224 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
225
226
227
228 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
229
230 == 3.1  Overview ==
231
232 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
233
234 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
235 * **WiFi Client Mode**
236 * **WiFi AP Mode**
237
238
239
240 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
241
242 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
243
244
245 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
246
247
248 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
249
250 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
251
252 (((
253 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
254
255 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
256 )))
257
258
259 (((
260 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
261
262
263 )))
264
265 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
266
267 (((
268 (((
269 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
270 )))
271
272
273 (((
274 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
275 )))
276
277 (((
278 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
279 )))
280 )))
281
282
283 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
284
285 (((
286
287 )))
288
289 (((
290 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
291 )))
292
293 (((
294 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
295 )))
296
297 (((
298 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
299 )))
300
301
302 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
303
304 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
305
306 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
307 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
308 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
309
310 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
311
312 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
313
314
315 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
316
317 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
318
319 (((
320 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
321 )))
322
323 (((
324 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
325 )))
326
327
328
329 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
330
331 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
332
333 (((
334 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
335 )))
336
337 (((
338 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
339 )))
340
341 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
342
343
344 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
345
346 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
347
348 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
349
350 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
351
352 (((
353 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
354 )))
355
356 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
357
358 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
359 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
360 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
361 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
362
363 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
364
365 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
366
367 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
368
369 Open the following page:
370
371 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
372
373 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
374
375 (((
376 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
377 )))
378
379 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
380
381 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
382
383 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
384
385 (((
386 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
387 )))
388
389 (((
390 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
391 )))
392
393 (((
394 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
395 )))
396
397 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
398
399 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
400
401 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
402
403 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
404
405 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
406
407 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
408
409 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
410
411 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
412
413 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
414
415
416 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
417
418 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
419
420 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
421
422 (((
423 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
424 )))
425
426 (((
427 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
428 )))
429
430 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
431
432 (((
433 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
434 )))
435
436 (((
437 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
438 )))
439
440 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
441 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
442 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
443
444 (((
445 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
446 )))
447
448 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
449
450 (((
451 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
452 )))
453
454 (((
455 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
456 )))
457
458 (((
459 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
460 )))
461
462 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
463
464 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
465
466 Start Register the end device
467
468 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
469
470 (((
471 Select OTAA activation mode
472 )))
473
474 (((
475 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
476 )))
477
478 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
479
480 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
481
482 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
483
484 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
485
486 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
487
488 (((
489 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
490 )))
491
492 (((
493 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
494 )))
495
496 (((
497 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
498 )))
499
500 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
501
502 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
503
504 == 5.1 Home ==
505
506 Shows the system running status.
507
508 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
509
510 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
511
512 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
513
514 (((
515 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
516 )))
517
518 (((
519 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
520 )))
521
522 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
523 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
524
525 (((
526 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
527 )))
528
529 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
530
531 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
532
533
534 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
535
536 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
537
538 * No internet connection.
539 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
540
541 (((
542 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
543 )))
544
545 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
546
547 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
548
549 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
550
551 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
552
553 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
554
555 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
556
557 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
558
559 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
560
561 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
562
563 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
564
565 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
566
567 (((
568 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
569 )))
570
571 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
572
573 (((
574 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
575 )))
576
577 (((
578 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
579 )))
580
581 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
582
583 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
584
585 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
586
587 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
588
589
590 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
591
592 == 5.5 System ==
593
594 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
595
596 Shows the system info:
597
598 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
599
600 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
601
602 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
603
604 (((
605 **__System Password:__**
606 )))
607
608 (((
609 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
610 )))
611
612 (((
613 This page can be used to set the password for them.
614 )))
615
616 (((
617 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
618 )))
619
620 (((
621 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
622 )))
623
624 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
625
626 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
627
628 (((
629 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
630 )))
631
632 (((
633 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
634 )))
635
636 (((
637 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
638
639
640 )))
641
642 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
643
644 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
645
646 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
647
648 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
649
650 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
651
652 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
653
654 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
655
656 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
657
658 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
659
660 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
661
662 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
663
664 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
665
666 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
667
668 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
669
670 Please see this document for detail:
671
672 (((
673 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
674 )))
675
676
677 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
678
679 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
680
681
682 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
683
684 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
685
686 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
687
688 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
689
690 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
691
692 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
693
694 (((
695 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
696 )))
697
698 (((
699 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
700 )))
701
702 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
703
704 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
705
706 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
707
708 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
709
710 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
711
712 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
713
714 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
715
716 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
717
718 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
719
720 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
721
722 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
723
724 (((
725
726 )))
727
728 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
729
730 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
731
732 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
733
734 == 5.6 LogRead ==
735
736 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
737
738
739 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
740
741 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
742
743
744 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
745
746 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
747
748 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
749
750
751 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
752
753 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
754
755
756 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
757
758 Show the system log
759
760 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
761
762 = 6. More features =
763
764 == 6.1 More instructions ==
765
766 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
767
768
769 = 7. Linux System =
770
771 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
772
773 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
774
775 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
776
777 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
778
779 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
780
781 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
782
783 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
784
785 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
786
787 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
788
789 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
790
791 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
792
793
794 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
795
796 (((
797 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
798 )))
799
800 (((
801 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
802 )))
803
804 (((
805 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
806 )))
807
808 (((
809 Screenshot is as below:
810 )))
811
812 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
813
814
815 == 7.3 File System ==
816
817 (((
818 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
819 )))
820
821 (((
822 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
823 )))
824
825 (((
826 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
827 )))
828
829
830 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
831
832 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
833
834 (((
835 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
836 )))
837
838 (((
839 **In Linux Console run:**
840 )))
841
842 (((
843 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
844 )))
845
846 (((
847 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
848 )))
849
850 (((
851 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
852 )))
853
854 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
855
856
857 (((
858 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
859 )))
860
861 (((
862 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
863 )))
864
865 (((
866 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
867 )))
868
869 (((
870 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
871 )))
872
873 (((
874 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
875 )))
876
877 (((
878 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
879 )))
880
881 (((
882 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
883 )))
884
885 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
886
887
888 = 9. FAQ =
889
890 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
891
892 (((
893 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
894 )))
895
896 (((
897
898 )))
899
900 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
901
902 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
903
904
905 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
906
907 (((
908 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
909 )))
910
911 (((
912 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
913 )))
914
915
916 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
917
918 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
919
920
921 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
922
923 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
924
925 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
926
927 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
928
929 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
930
931 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
932
933 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
934
935 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
936
937 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
938
939 (((
940 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
941 )))
942
943 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
944
945
946 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
947
948 (((
949 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
950 )))
951
952 (((
953
954 )))
955
956 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
957
958 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
959
960 (((
961 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
962 )))
963
964 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
965
966
967 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
968
969 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
970
971 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
972 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
973 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
974
975 As below photo:
976
977 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
978
979 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
980
981 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
982
983
984 = 11. Order Info =
985
986 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
987
988 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
989
990 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
991 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
992
993 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
994
995 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
996 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
997 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
998 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
999
1000 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1001
1002
1003 = 12. Packing Info =
1004
1005 (((
1006 **Package Includes**:
1007 )))
1008
1009 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1010 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1011 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1012
1013 (((
1014 **Dimension and weight**:
1015 )))
1016
1017 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1018 * Weight: 187g
1019 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1020 * Weight: 300g
1021
1022 = 13. Support =
1023
1024 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1025 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1026 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1027 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]