Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 106.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 14:26

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
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74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
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81.1	13
50.3	14
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94.2	20
96.2	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
94.2	22
96.2	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
94.2	24
	25
	26
95.4	27	(((
94.2	28	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
95.4	29	)))
94.2	30
95.4	31	(((
94.2	32	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
95.4	33	)))
94.2	34
95.4	35	(((
94.2	36	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
95.4	37	)))
94.2	38
95.4	39	(((
94.2	40	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
95.4	41	)))
94.2	42
75.2	43	(((
94.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
95.2	47	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	48
95.2	49
96.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
	52
95.2	53	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
95.2	63	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	64
50.3	65	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	66	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	67	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	68	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	69	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	70	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	71	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	72
95.2	73	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	74
50.3	75	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	76	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	77	* Tx power:
	78	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	79	** 11b tx power: 18db
	80	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	81	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	82	* Wifi Sensitivity
	83	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	84	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	85
95.2	86	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	87
	88	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	89	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	90	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	91	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	92	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	93	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	94	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	95	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	96
95.2	97	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	98
	99	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	100	* Micro SIM Slot
	101	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	102	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	103	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	104	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	105
104.4	106
	107
	108
96.2	109	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	110
95.6	111	* Open Source OpenWrt system
	112	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
	113	* Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
	114	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	115	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	116	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	117	* Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
	118	* Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
	119	* Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
	120	* Support different level log in.
	121	* Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
	122	* Support LoRaWAN basic station.
	123	* Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
95.5	124
104.4	125
	126
	127
96.2	128	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	129
96.2	130	[[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
50.3	131
96.2	132
97.2	133	== 1.5 LPS8N Applications ==
50.3	134
97.2	135	[[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
50.3	136
	137
97.2	138	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	139
50.3	140
101.2	141	LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
50.3	142
101.2	143	* Power LED [[image:image-20220706115518-1.png\|\|height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)RED LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	144	* LoRa LED [[image:image-20220706115518-2.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This RGB LED will (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%) when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
101.4	145	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png\|\|height="16" width="16"]] : This RGB LED will shows different colors on different state:
101.2	146	(% style="color:blue" %)SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
104.5	147	(% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
101.3	148	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	149
101.2	150	* ETH LED [[image:image-20220706115518-4.png\|\|height="15" width="17"]] : This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
50.3	151
97.3	152
103.2	153	= 2. Access and Configure LPS8N =
50.3	154
103.2	155	(((
	156	The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
	157	)))
50.3	158
	159
103.2	160	== 2.1 Find IP address of LPS8N ==
50.3	161
103.2	162	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
50.3	163
103.2	164	[[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
50.3	165
	166
103.2	167	At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
	168
73.5	169	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	170
	171
75.3	172	(((
50.3	173	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
103.2	174
	175
	176
75.3	177	)))
50.3	178
103.2	179	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	180
103.2	181	[[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
50.3	182
	183
77.2	184	(((
103.2	185	Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	186
	187
	188
77.2	189	)))
50.3	190
104.2	191	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	192
104.2	193	[[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
50.3	194
	195
104.2	196	If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
50.3	197
	198
104.2	199
	200	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	201
104.5	202	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>\|\|anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>\|\|anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
50.3	203
104.2	204
	205
104.5	206	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
50.3	207
	208	Web Interface
	209
	210	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	211
	212	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	213
	214	or
	215
	216	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	217
	218
	219	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	220
	221	The account details for Web Login are:
	222
	223	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	224
	225	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	226
73.5	227	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	228
104.6	229
	230
50.3	231	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	232
	233	== 3.1 Overview ==
	234
	235	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	236
	237	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	238	* WiFi Client Mode
	239	* WiFi AP Mode
	240
104.6	241
	242
	243
50.3	244	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	245
	246	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	247
73.5	248	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	249
	250	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	251
	252	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	253
77.2	254	(((
50.3	255	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	256	)))
50.3	257
73.5	258	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	259
77.2	260	(((
50.3	261	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
77.2	262	)))
50.3	263
	264	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	265
	266	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	267
77.2	268	(((
50.3	269	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	270	)))
50.3	271
73.5	272	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	273
	274
80.2	275	(((
78.2	276	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	277	)))
50.3	278
77.2	279	(((
50.3	280	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	281	)))
50.3	282
77.2	283	(((
50.3	284	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	285	)))
50.3	286
80.2	287	(((
73.5	288	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	289	)))
50.3	290
	291	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	292
	293	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	294
	295	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	296
78.2	297	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	298	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	299	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	300
73.5	301	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	302
	303	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	304
	305	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	306
80.4	307	(((
73.5	308	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	309	)))
50.3	310
	311	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	312
80.9	313	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	314
	315	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	316
	317	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	318
78.3	319	(((
50.3	320	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	321	)))
50.3	322
80.4	323	(((
73.5	324	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	325	)))
50.3	326
80.4	327	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	328
	329	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	330
	331	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	332
73.5	333	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	334
	335	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	336
80.4	337	(((
73.5	338	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	339	)))
50.3	340
	341	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	342
	343	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	344	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	345	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	346	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	347
	348	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	349
73.5	350	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	351
	352	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	353
	354	Open the following page:
	355
73.5	356	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	357
73.5	358	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	359
80.4	360	(((
50.3	361	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	362	)))
50.3	363
	364	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	365
73.5	366	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	367
	368	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	369
80.4	370	(((
50.3	371	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	372	)))
50.3	373
80.4	374	(((
50.3	375	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	376	)))
50.3	377
80.4	378	(((
50.3	379	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	380	)))
50.3	381
73.5	382	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	383
	384	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	385
	386	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	387
73.5	388	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	389
	390	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	391
73.5	392	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	393
	394	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	395
	396	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	397
73.5	398	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	399
	400
	401	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	402
73.5	403	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	404
78.3	405	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	406
78.3	407	(((
50.3	408	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	409	)))
50.3	410
78.3	411	(((
50.3	412	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	413	)))
50.3	414
73.5	415	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	416
78.3	417	(((
50.3	418	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	419	)))
50.3	420
78.3	421	(((
50.3	422	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	423	)))
50.3	424
	425	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	426	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	427	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	428
78.3	429	(((
50.3	430	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	431	)))
50.3	432
73.5	433	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	434
78.3	435	(((
50.3	436	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	437	)))
50.3	438
78.3	439	(((
50.3	440	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	441	)))
50.3	442
78.3	443	(((
50.3	444	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	445	)))
50.3	446
73.5	447	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	448
	449	Open the Application select Add end device
	450
	451	Start Register the end device
	452
73.5	453	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	454
78.3	455	(((
50.3	456	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	457	)))
50.3	458
78.3	459	(((
50.3	460	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	461	)))
50.3	462
73.5	463	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	464
	465	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	466
73.5	467	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	468
	469	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	470
73.5	471	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	472
78.3	473	(((
50.3	474	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	475	)))
50.3	476
78.3	477	(((
50.3	478	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	479	)))
50.3	480
78.3	481	(((
50.3	482	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	483	)))
50.3	484
73.5	485	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	486
	487	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	488
	489	== 5.1 Home ==
	490
	491	Shows the system running status.
	492
73.5	493	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	494
	495	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	496
	497	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	498
78.4	499	(((
50.3	500	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	501	)))
50.3	502
78.4	503	(((
50.3	504	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	505	)))
50.3	506
	507	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	508	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	509
78.4	510	(((
50.3	511	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	512	)))
50.3	513
73.5	514	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	515
80.10	516	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	517
	518
	519	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	520
	521	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	522
	523	* No internet connection.
80.9	524	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	525
78.4	526	(((
80.10	527	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	528	)))
50.3	529
73.5	530	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	531
	532	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	533
	534	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	535
	536	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	537
73.5	538	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	539
	540	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	541
	542	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	543
	544	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	545
80.10	546	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	547
	548	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	549
73.5	550	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	551
78.4	552	(((
80.10	553	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	554	)))
50.3	555
	556	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	557
78.4	558	(((
50.3	559	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	560	)))
50.3	561
78.4	562	(((
80.10	563	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	564	)))
50.3	565
73.5	566	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	567
	568	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	569
	570	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	571
80.10	572	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	573
	574
73.5	575	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	576
	577	== 5.5 System ==
	578
	579	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	580
	581	Shows the system info:
	582
73.5	583	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	584
	585	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	586
73.5	587	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	588
78.5	589	(((
54.2	590	__System Password:__
78.5	591	)))
50.3	592
78.5	593	(((
54.2	594	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	595	)))
50.3	596
78.5	597	(((
50.3	598	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	599	)))
50.3	600
54.2	601	(((
78.5	602	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	603	)))
50.3	604
54.2	605	(((
78.5	606	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	607	)))
50.3	608
54.2	609	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	610
73.5	611	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	612
78.5	613	(((
	614	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	615	)))
50.3	616
54.2	617	(((
78.5	618	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	619	)))
50.3	620
54.2	621	(((
78.5	622	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	623
	624
54.2	625	)))
50.3	626
54.2	627	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	628
	629	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	630
73.5	631	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	632
54.2	633	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	634
	635	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	636
73.5	637	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	638
54.2	639	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	640
59.2	641	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	642
73.5	643	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	644
59.2	645	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	646
	647	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	648
73.5	649	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	650
73.5	651	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	652
73.5	653	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	654
	655	Please see this document for detail:
	656
80.4	657	(((
50.3	658	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	659	)))
50.3	660
	661
80.10	662	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	663
73.5	664	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	665
80.10	666
66.2	667	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	668
	669	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	670
	671	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	672
	673	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	674
	675	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	676
	677	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	678
78.5	679	(((
66.2	680	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	681	)))
50.3	682
78.5	683	(((
66.2	684	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	685	)))
50.3	686
73.5	687	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	688
	689	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	690
66.2	691	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	692
	693	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	694
73.5	695	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	696
66.2	697	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	698
66.2	699	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	700
66.2	701	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	702
66.2	703	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	704
66.2	705	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	706
73.5	707	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	708
73.7	709	(((
	710
	711	)))
50.3	712
66.2	713	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	714
73.5	715	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	716
	717	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	718
66.2	719	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	720
66.2	721	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	722
	723
	724	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	725
91.1	726	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	727
	728
	729	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	730
93.1	731	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	732
93.1	733	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	734
93.1	735
91.1	736	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	737
	738	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	739
	740
66.2	741	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	742
	743	Show the system log
	744
73.5	745	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	746
66.2	747	= 6. More features =
50.3	748
66.2	749	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	750
80.12	751	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	752
80.12	753
66.2	754	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	755
	756	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	757
66.2	758	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	759
	760	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	761
	762	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	763
	764	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	765
71.2	766	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	767
71.2	768	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	769
	770	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	771
73.5	772	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	773
71.2	774	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	775
73.5	776	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	777
80.13	778
67.3	779	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	780
78.5	781	(((
71.2	782	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	783	)))
50.3	784
78.5	785	(((
50.3	786	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	787	)))
50.3	788
78.5	789	(((
50.3	790	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	791	)))
50.3	792
78.5	793	(((
50.3	794	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	795	)))
50.3	796
73.5	797	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	798
	799
71.3	800	== 7.3 File System ==
	801
78.6	802	(((
50.3	803	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	804	)))
50.3	805
78.6	806	(((
50.3	807	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	808	)))
50.3	809
78.6	810	(((
50.3	811	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	812	)))
50.3	813
71.6	814
71.3	815	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	816
71.3	817	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	818
78.6	819	(((
71.3	820	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	821	)))
50.3	822
78.6	823	(((
71.6	824	In Linux Console run:
78.6	825	)))
50.3	826
71.6	827	(((
71.7	828	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	829	)))
50.3	830
71.6	831	(((
	832	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	833	)))
50.3	834
71.6	835	(((
	836	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	837	)))
50.3	838
	839	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	840
	841
71.6	842	(((
71.7	843	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	844	)))
50.3	845
71.6	846	(((
71.7	847	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	848	)))
50.3	849
71.6	850	(((
73.3	851	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	852	)))
50.3	853
71.6	854	(((
71.7	855	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	856	)))
50.3	857
71.6	858	(((
73.3	859	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	860	)))
50.3	861
71.6	862	(((
71.7	863	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	864	)))
50.3	865
71.6	866	(((
71.7	867	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	868	)))
50.3	869
73.2	870	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	871
71.7	872
73.2	873	= 9. FAQ =
	874
71.6	875	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	876
78.6	877	(((
80.10	878	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	879	)))
50.3	880
78.6	881	(((
80.10	882
78.6	883	)))
50.3	884
71.6	885	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	886
80.10	887	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	888
73.2	889
71.6	890	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	891
78.6	892	(((
50.3	893	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	894	)))
50.3	895
78.6	896	(((
50.3	897	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	898	)))
50.3	899
73.2	900
71.6	901	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	902
	903	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	904
71.7	905
73.2	906	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	907
71.6	908	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	909
	910	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	911
73.3	912	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	913
73.5	914	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	915
73.3	916	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	917
73.3	918	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	919
73.3	920	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	921
73.3	922	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	923
78.6	924	(((
50.3	925	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	926	)))
50.3	927
73.3	928	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	929
73.2	930
71.6	931	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	932
78.6	933	(((
80.11	934	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	935	)))
50.3	936
78.6	937	(((
80.11	938
78.6	939	)))
50.3	940
71.6	941	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	942
73.5	943	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	944
78.6	945	(((
50.3	946	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	947	)))
50.3	948
73.5	949	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	950
	951
	952	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	953
73.2	954	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	955
	956	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	957	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	958	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	959
	960	As below photo:
	961
73.5	962	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	963
73.2	964	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	965
	966	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	967
73.5	968
71.7	969	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	970
73.6	971	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	972
73.6	973	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	974
73.6	975	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	976	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	977
73.6	978	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	979
73.6	980	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	981	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	982	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	983	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	984
	985	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	986
73.6	987
71.7	988	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	989
78.6	990	(((
50.3	991	Package Includes:
78.6	992	)))
50.3	993
	994	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	995	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	996	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	997
78.6	998	(((
50.3	999	Dimension and weight:
78.6	1000	)))
50.3	1001
	1002	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	1003	* Weight: 187g
	1004	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	1005	* Weight: 300g
	1006
71.7	1007	= 13. Support =
50.3	1008
80.15	1009	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1010	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1011	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1012	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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