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Version 104.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 13:43
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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20
21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107 == 1.3  Features ==
108
109
110 * Open Source OpenWrt system
111 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
112 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
113 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
114 * LoRaWAN Gateway
115 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
116 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
117 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
118 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
119 * Support different level log in.
120 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
121 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
122 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
123
124
125 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
126
127 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
128
129
130 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
131
132 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
133
134
135 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
136
137
138 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
139
140 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
141 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
142 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
143 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
144 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
145 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
146
147 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
148
149
150
151 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
152
153 (((
154 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
155 )))
156
157
158 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
159
160 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
161
162 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
163
164
165 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
166
167 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
168
169
170 (((
171 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
172
173
174
175 )))
176
177 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
178
179 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
180
181
182 (((
183 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
184
185
186
187 )))
188
189 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
190
191 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
192
193
194 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
195
196
197
198 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
199
200 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
201
202
203
204 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
205
206 **Web Interface**
207
208 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
209
210 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
211
212 or
213
214 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
215
216
217 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
218
219 The account details for Web Login are:
220
221 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
222
223 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
224
225 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
226
227 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
228
229 == 3.1 Overview ==
230
231 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
232
233 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
234 * **WiFi Client Mode**
235 * **WiFi AP Mode**
236 * **Cellular Mode**
237
238 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
239
240 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
241
242 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
243
244 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
245
246 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
247
248 (((
249 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
250 )))
251
252 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
253
254 (((
255 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
256 )))
257
258 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
259
260 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
261
262 (((
263 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
264 )))
265
266 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
267
268
269 (((
270 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
271 )))
272
273 (((
274 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
275 )))
276
277 (((
278 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
279 )))
280
281 (((
282 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
283 )))
284
285 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
286
287 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
288
289 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
290
291 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
292 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
293 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
294
295 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
296
297 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
298
299 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
300
301 (((
302 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
303 )))
304
305 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
306
307 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
308
309 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
310
311 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
312
313 (((
314 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
315 )))
316
317 (((
318 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
319 )))
320
321 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
322
323 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
324
325 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
326
327 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
328
329 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
330
331 (((
332 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
333 )))
334
335 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
336
337 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
338 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
339 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
340 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
341
342 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
343
344 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
345
346 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
347
348 Open the following page:
349
350 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
351
352 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
353
354 (((
355 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
356 )))
357
358 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
359
360 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
361
362 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
363
364 (((
365 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
366 )))
367
368 (((
369 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
370 )))
371
372 (((
373 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
374 )))
375
376 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
377
378 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
379
380 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
381
382 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
383
384 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
385
386 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
387
388 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
389
390 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
391
392 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
393
394
395 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
396
397 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
398
399 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
400
401 (((
402 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
403 )))
404
405 (((
406 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
407 )))
408
409 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
410
411 (((
412 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
413 )))
414
415 (((
416 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
417 )))
418
419 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
420 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
421 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
422
423 (((
424 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
425 )))
426
427 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
428
429 (((
430 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
431 )))
432
433 (((
434 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
435 )))
436
437 (((
438 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
439 )))
440
441 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
442
443 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
444
445 Start Register the end device
446
447 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
448
449 (((
450 Select OTAA activation mode
451 )))
452
453 (((
454 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
455 )))
456
457 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
458
459 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
460
461 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
462
463 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
464
465 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
466
467 (((
468 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
469 )))
470
471 (((
472 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
473 )))
474
475 (((
476 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
477 )))
478
479 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
480
481 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
482
483 == 5.1 Home ==
484
485 Shows the system running status.
486
487 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
488
489 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
490
491 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
492
493 (((
494 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
495 )))
496
497 (((
498 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
499 )))
500
501 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
502 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
503
504 (((
505 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
506 )))
507
508 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
509
510 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
511
512
513 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
514
515 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
516
517 * No internet connection.
518 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
519
520 (((
521 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
522 )))
523
524 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
525
526 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
527
528 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
529
530 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
531
532 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
533
534 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
535
536 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
537
538 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
539
540 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
541
542 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
543
544 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
545
546 (((
547 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
548 )))
549
550 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
551
552 (((
553 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
554 )))
555
556 (((
557 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
558 )))
559
560 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
561
562 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
563
564 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
565
566 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
567
568
569 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
570
571 == 5.5 System ==
572
573 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
574
575 Shows the system info:
576
577 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
578
579 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
580
581 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
582
583 (((
584 **__System Password:__**
585 )))
586
587 (((
588 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
589 )))
590
591 (((
592 This page can be used to set the password for them.
593 )))
594
595 (((
596 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
597 )))
598
599 (((
600 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
601 )))
602
603 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
604
605 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
606
607 (((
608 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
609 )))
610
611 (((
612 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
613 )))
614
615 (((
616 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
617
618
619 )))
620
621 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
622
623 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
624
625 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
626
627 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
628
629 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
630
631 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
632
633 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
634
635 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
636
637 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
638
639 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
640
641 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
642
643 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
644
645 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
646
647 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
648
649 Please see this document for detail:
650
651 (((
652 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
653 )))
654
655
656 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
657
658 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
659
660
661 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
662
663 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
664
665 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
666
667 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
668
669 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
670
671 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
672
673 (((
674 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
675 )))
676
677 (((
678 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
679 )))
680
681 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
682
683 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
684
685 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
686
687 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
688
689 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
690
691 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
692
693 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
694
695 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
696
697 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
698
699 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
700
701 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
702
703 (((
704
705 )))
706
707 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
708
709 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
710
711 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
712
713 == 5.6 LogRead ==
714
715 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
716
717
718 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
719
720 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
721
722
723 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
724
725 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
726
727 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
728
729
730 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
731
732 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
733
734
735 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
736
737 Show the system log
738
739 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
740
741 = 6. More features =
742
743 == 6.1 More instructions ==
744
745 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
746
747
748 = 7. Linux System =
749
750 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
751
752 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
753
754 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
755
756 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
757
758 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
759
760 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
761
762 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
763
764 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
765
766 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
767
768 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
769
770 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
771
772
773 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
774
775 (((
776 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
777 )))
778
779 (((
780 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
781 )))
782
783 (((
784 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
785 )))
786
787 (((
788 Screenshot is as below:
789 )))
790
791 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
792
793
794 == 7.3 File System ==
795
796 (((
797 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
798 )))
799
800 (((
801 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
802 )))
803
804 (((
805 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
806 )))
807
808
809 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
810
811 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
812
813 (((
814 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
815 )))
816
817 (((
818 **In Linux Console run:**
819 )))
820
821 (((
822 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
823 )))
824
825 (((
826 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
827 )))
828
829 (((
830 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
831 )))
832
833 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
834
835
836 (((
837 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
838 )))
839
840 (((
841 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
842 )))
843
844 (((
845 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
846 )))
847
848 (((
849 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
850 )))
851
852 (((
853 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
854 )))
855
856 (((
857 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
858 )))
859
860 (((
861 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
862 )))
863
864 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
865
866
867 = 9. FAQ =
868
869 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
870
871 (((
872 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
873 )))
874
875 (((
876
877 )))
878
879 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
880
881 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
882
883
884 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
885
886 (((
887 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
888 )))
889
890 (((
891 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
892 )))
893
894
895 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
896
897 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
898
899
900 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
901
902 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
903
904 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
905
906 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
907
908 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
909
910 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
911
912 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
913
914 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
915
916 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
917
918 (((
919 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
920 )))
921
922 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
923
924
925 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
926
927 (((
928 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
929 )))
930
931 (((
932
933 )))
934
935 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
936
937 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
938
939 (((
940 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
941 )))
942
943 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
944
945
946 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
947
948 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
949
950 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
951 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
952 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
953
954 As below photo:
955
956 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
957
958 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
959
960 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
961
962
963 = 11. Order Info =
964
965 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
966
967 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
968
969 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
970 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
971
972 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
973
974 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
975 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
976 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
977 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
978
979 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
980
981
982 = 12. Packing Info =
983
984 (((
985 **Package Includes**:
986 )))
987
988 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
989 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
990 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
991
992 (((
993 **Dimension and weight**:
994 )))
995
996 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
997 * Weight: 187g
998 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
999 * Weight: 300g
1000
1001 = 13. Support =
1002
1003 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1004 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1005 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1006 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]