Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 103.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 13:42

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
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74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
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81.1	13
50.3	14
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94.2	20
96.2	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
94.2	22
96.2	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
94.2	24
	25
	26
95.4	27	(((
94.2	28	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
95.4	29	)))
94.2	30
95.4	31	(((
94.2	32	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
95.4	33	)))
94.2	34
95.4	35	(((
94.2	36	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
95.4	37	)))
94.2	38
95.4	39	(((
94.2	40	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
95.4	41	)))
94.2	42
75.2	43	(((
94.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
95.2	47	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	48
95.2	49
96.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
	52
95.2	53	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
95.2	63	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	64
50.3	65	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	66	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	67	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	68	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	69	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	70	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	71	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	72
95.2	73	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	74
50.3	75	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	76	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	77	* Tx power:
	78	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	79	** 11b tx power: 18db
	80	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	81	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	82	* Wifi Sensitivity
	83	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	84	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	85
95.2	86	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	87
	88	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	89	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	90	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	91	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	92	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	93	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	94	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	95	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	96
95.2	97	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	98
	99	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	100	* Micro SIM Slot
	101	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	102	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	103	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	104	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	105
	106
96.2	107	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	108
	109
95.6	110	* Open Source OpenWrt system
	111	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
	112	* Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
	113	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	114	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	115	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	116	* Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
	117	* Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
	118	* Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
	119	* Support different level log in.
	120	* Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
	121	* Support LoRaWAN basic station.
	122	* Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
95.5	123
	124
96.2	125	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	126
96.2	127	[[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
50.3	128
96.2	129
97.2	130	== 1.5 LPS8N Applications ==
50.3	131
97.2	132	[[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
50.3	133
	134
97.2	135	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	136
50.3	137
101.2	138	LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
50.3	139
101.2	140	* Power LED [[image:image-20220706115518-1.png\|\|height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)RED LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	141	* LoRa LED [[image:image-20220706115518-2.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This RGB LED will (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%) when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
101.4	142	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png\|\|height="16" width="16"]] : This RGB LED will shows different colors on different state:
101.2	143	(% style="color:blue" %)SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
	144	(% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
101.3	145	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	146
101.2	147	* ETH LED [[image:image-20220706115518-4.png\|\|height="15" width="17"]] : This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
50.3	148
97.3	149
50.3	150
103.2	151	= 2. Access and Configure LPS8N =
50.3	152
103.2	153	(((
	154	The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
	155	)))
50.3	156
	157
103.2	158	== 2.1 Find IP address of LPS8N ==
50.3	159
103.2	160	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
50.3	161
103.2	162	[[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
50.3	163
	164
103.2	165	At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
	166
73.5	167	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	168
	169
75.3	170	(((
50.3	171	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
103.2	172
	173
	174
75.3	175	)))
50.3	176
103.2	177	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
50.3	178
103.2	179	[[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
50.3	180
	181
77.2	182	(((
103.2	183	Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
	184
	185
	186
77.2	187	)))
50.3	188
	189	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
	190
73.5	191	[[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
50.3	192
	193
	194	If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
	195
	196	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	197
	198	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
	199
	200	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	201
	202	Web Interface
	203
	204	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	205
	206	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	207
	208	or
	209
	210	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	211
	212
	213	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	214
	215	The account details for Web Login are:
	216
	217	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	218
	219	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	220
73.5	221	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	222
	223	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	224
	225	== 3.1 Overview ==
	226
	227	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	228
	229	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	230	* WiFi Client Mode
	231	* WiFi AP Mode
	232	* Cellular Mode
	233
	234	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	235
	236	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	237
73.5	238	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	239
	240	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	241
	242	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	243
77.2	244	(((
50.3	245	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	246	)))
50.3	247
73.5	248	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	249
77.2	250	(((
50.3	251	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
77.2	252	)))
50.3	253
	254	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	255
	256	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	257
77.2	258	(((
50.3	259	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	260	)))
50.3	261
73.5	262	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	263
	264
80.2	265	(((
78.2	266	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	267	)))
50.3	268
77.2	269	(((
50.3	270	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	271	)))
50.3	272
77.2	273	(((
50.3	274	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	275	)))
50.3	276
80.2	277	(((
73.5	278	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	279	)))
50.3	280
	281	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	282
	283	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	284
	285	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	286
78.2	287	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	288	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	289	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	290
73.5	291	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	292
	293	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	294
	295	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	296
80.4	297	(((
73.5	298	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	299	)))
50.3	300
	301	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	302
80.9	303	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	304
	305	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	306
	307	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	308
78.3	309	(((
50.3	310	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	311	)))
50.3	312
80.4	313	(((
73.5	314	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	315	)))
50.3	316
80.4	317	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	318
	319	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	320
	321	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	322
73.5	323	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	324
	325	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	326
80.4	327	(((
73.5	328	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	329	)))
50.3	330
	331	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	332
	333	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	334	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	335	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	336	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	337
	338	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	339
73.5	340	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	341
	342	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	343
	344	Open the following page:
	345
73.5	346	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	347
73.5	348	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	349
80.4	350	(((
50.3	351	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	352	)))
50.3	353
	354	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	355
73.5	356	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	357
	358	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	359
80.4	360	(((
50.3	361	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	362	)))
50.3	363
80.4	364	(((
50.3	365	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	366	)))
50.3	367
80.4	368	(((
50.3	369	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	370	)))
50.3	371
73.5	372	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	373
	374	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	375
	376	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	377
73.5	378	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	379
	380	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	381
73.5	382	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	383
	384	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	385
	386	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	387
73.5	388	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	389
	390
	391	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	392
73.5	393	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	394
78.3	395	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	396
78.3	397	(((
50.3	398	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	399	)))
50.3	400
78.3	401	(((
50.3	402	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	403	)))
50.3	404
73.5	405	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	406
78.3	407	(((
50.3	408	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	409	)))
50.3	410
78.3	411	(((
50.3	412	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	413	)))
50.3	414
	415	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	416	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	417	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	418
78.3	419	(((
50.3	420	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	421	)))
50.3	422
73.5	423	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	424
78.3	425	(((
50.3	426	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	427	)))
50.3	428
78.3	429	(((
50.3	430	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	431	)))
50.3	432
78.3	433	(((
50.3	434	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	435	)))
50.3	436
73.5	437	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	438
	439	Open the Application select Add end device
	440
	441	Start Register the end device
	442
73.5	443	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	444
78.3	445	(((
50.3	446	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	447	)))
50.3	448
78.3	449	(((
50.3	450	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	451	)))
50.3	452
73.5	453	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	454
	455	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	456
73.5	457	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	458
	459	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	460
73.5	461	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	462
78.3	463	(((
50.3	464	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	465	)))
50.3	466
78.3	467	(((
50.3	468	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	469	)))
50.3	470
78.3	471	(((
50.3	472	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	473	)))
50.3	474
73.5	475	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	476
	477	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	478
	479	== 5.1 Home ==
	480
	481	Shows the system running status.
	482
73.5	483	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	484
	485	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	486
	487	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	488
78.4	489	(((
50.3	490	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	491	)))
50.3	492
78.4	493	(((
50.3	494	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	495	)))
50.3	496
	497	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	498	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	499
78.4	500	(((
50.3	501	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	502	)))
50.3	503
73.5	504	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	505
80.10	506	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	507
	508
	509	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	510
	511	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	512
	513	* No internet connection.
80.9	514	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	515
78.4	516	(((
80.10	517	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	518	)))
50.3	519
73.5	520	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	521
	522	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	523
	524	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	525
	526	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	527
73.5	528	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	529
	530	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	531
	532	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	533
	534	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	535
80.10	536	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	537
	538	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	539
73.5	540	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	541
78.4	542	(((
80.10	543	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	544	)))
50.3	545
	546	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	547
78.4	548	(((
50.3	549	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	550	)))
50.3	551
78.4	552	(((
80.10	553	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	554	)))
50.3	555
73.5	556	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	557
	558	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	559
	560	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	561
80.10	562	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	563
	564
73.5	565	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	566
	567	== 5.5 System ==
	568
	569	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	570
	571	Shows the system info:
	572
73.5	573	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	574
	575	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	576
73.5	577	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	578
78.5	579	(((
54.2	580	__System Password:__
78.5	581	)))
50.3	582
78.5	583	(((
54.2	584	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	585	)))
50.3	586
78.5	587	(((
50.3	588	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	589	)))
50.3	590
54.2	591	(((
78.5	592	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	593	)))
50.3	594
54.2	595	(((
78.5	596	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	597	)))
50.3	598
54.2	599	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	600
73.5	601	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	602
78.5	603	(((
	604	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	605	)))
50.3	606
54.2	607	(((
78.5	608	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	609	)))
50.3	610
54.2	611	(((
78.5	612	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	613
	614
54.2	615	)))
50.3	616
54.2	617	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	618
	619	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	620
73.5	621	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	622
54.2	623	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	624
	625	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	626
73.5	627	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	628
54.2	629	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	630
59.2	631	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	632
73.5	633	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	634
59.2	635	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	636
	637	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	638
73.5	639	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	640
73.5	641	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	642
73.5	643	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	644
	645	Please see this document for detail:
	646
80.4	647	(((
50.3	648	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	649	)))
50.3	650
	651
80.10	652	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	653
73.5	654	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	655
80.10	656
66.2	657	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	658
	659	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	660
	661	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	662
	663	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	664
	665	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	666
	667	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	668
78.5	669	(((
66.2	670	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	671	)))
50.3	672
78.5	673	(((
66.2	674	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	675	)))
50.3	676
73.5	677	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	678
	679	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	680
66.2	681	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	682
	683	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	684
73.5	685	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	686
66.2	687	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	688
66.2	689	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	690
66.2	691	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	692
66.2	693	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	694
66.2	695	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	696
73.5	697	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	698
73.7	699	(((
	700
	701	)))
50.3	702
66.2	703	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	704
73.5	705	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	706
	707	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	708
66.2	709	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	710
66.2	711	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	712
	713
	714	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	715
91.1	716	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	717
	718
	719	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	720
93.1	721	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	722
93.1	723	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	724
93.1	725
91.1	726	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	727
	728	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	729
	730
66.2	731	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	732
	733	Show the system log
	734
73.5	735	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	736
66.2	737	= 6. More features =
50.3	738
66.2	739	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	740
80.12	741	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	742
80.12	743
66.2	744	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	745
	746	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	747
66.2	748	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	749
	750	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	751
	752	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	753
	754	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	755
71.2	756	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	757
71.2	758	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	759
	760	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	761
73.5	762	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	763
71.2	764	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	765
73.5	766	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	767
80.13	768
67.3	769	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	770
78.5	771	(((
71.2	772	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	773	)))
50.3	774
78.5	775	(((
50.3	776	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	777	)))
50.3	778
78.5	779	(((
50.3	780	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	781	)))
50.3	782
78.5	783	(((
50.3	784	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	785	)))
50.3	786
73.5	787	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	788
	789
71.3	790	== 7.3 File System ==
	791
78.6	792	(((
50.3	793	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	794	)))
50.3	795
78.6	796	(((
50.3	797	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	798	)))
50.3	799
78.6	800	(((
50.3	801	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	802	)))
50.3	803
71.6	804
71.3	805	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	806
71.3	807	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	808
78.6	809	(((
71.3	810	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	811	)))
50.3	812
78.6	813	(((
71.6	814	In Linux Console run:
78.6	815	)))
50.3	816
71.6	817	(((
71.7	818	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	819	)))
50.3	820
71.6	821	(((
	822	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	823	)))
50.3	824
71.6	825	(((
	826	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	827	)))
50.3	828
	829	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	830
	831
71.6	832	(((
71.7	833	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	834	)))
50.3	835
71.6	836	(((
71.7	837	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	838	)))
50.3	839
71.6	840	(((
73.3	841	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	842	)))
50.3	843
71.6	844	(((
71.7	845	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	846	)))
50.3	847
71.6	848	(((
73.3	849	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	850	)))
50.3	851
71.6	852	(((
71.7	853	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	854	)))
50.3	855
71.6	856	(((
71.7	857	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	858	)))
50.3	859
73.2	860	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	861
71.7	862
73.2	863	= 9. FAQ =
	864
71.6	865	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	866
78.6	867	(((
80.10	868	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	869	)))
50.3	870
78.6	871	(((
80.10	872
78.6	873	)))
50.3	874
71.6	875	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	876
80.10	877	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	878
73.2	879
71.6	880	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	881
78.6	882	(((
50.3	883	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	884	)))
50.3	885
78.6	886	(((
50.3	887	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	888	)))
50.3	889
73.2	890
71.6	891	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	892
	893	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	894
71.7	895
73.2	896	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	897
71.6	898	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	899
	900	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	901
73.3	902	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	903
73.5	904	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	905
73.3	906	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	907
73.3	908	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	909
73.3	910	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	911
73.3	912	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	913
78.6	914	(((
50.3	915	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	916	)))
50.3	917
73.3	918	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	919
73.2	920
71.6	921	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	922
78.6	923	(((
80.11	924	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	925	)))
50.3	926
78.6	927	(((
80.11	928
78.6	929	)))
50.3	930
71.6	931	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	932
73.5	933	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	934
78.6	935	(((
50.3	936	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	937	)))
50.3	938
73.5	939	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	940
	941
	942	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	943
73.2	944	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	945
	946	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	947	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	948	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	949
	950	As below photo:
	951
73.5	952	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	953
73.2	954	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	955
	956	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	957
73.5	958
71.7	959	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	960
73.6	961	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	962
73.6	963	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	964
73.6	965	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	966	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	967
73.6	968	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	969
73.6	970	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	971	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	972	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	973	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	974
	975	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	976
73.6	977
71.7	978	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	979
78.6	980	(((
50.3	981	Package Includes:
78.6	982	)))
50.3	983
	984	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	985	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	986	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	987
78.6	988	(((
50.3	989	Dimension and weight:
78.6	990	)))
50.3	991
	992	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	993	* Weight: 187g
	994	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	995	* Weight: 300g
	996
71.7	997	= 13. Support =
50.3	998
80.15	999	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	1000	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	1001	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1002	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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