Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

Version 101.4 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 13:37

version	line-number	content
73.5	1	(% style="text-align:center" %)
94.2	2	[[image:1656917428377-954.png\|\|height="475" width="475"]]
50.3	3
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74.2	7	Table of Contents：
50.3	8
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81.1	13
50.3	14
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94.2	20
96.2	21	(% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1. Introduction
94.2	22
96.2	23	== 1.1 What is the LPS8N ==
94.2	24
	25
	26
95.4	27	(((
94.2	28	The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
95.4	29	)))
94.2	30
95.4	31	(((
94.2	32	The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
95.4	33	)))
94.2	34
95.4	35	(((
94.2	36	LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)customized the frequency bands (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
95.4	37	)))
94.2	38
95.4	39	(((
94.2	40	LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
95.4	41	)))
94.2	42
75.2	43	(((
94.2	44
75.2	45	)))
50.3	46
95.2	47	[[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
50.3	48
95.2	49
96.2	50	== 1.2 Specifications ==
50.3	51
	52
95.2	53	(% style="color:#037691" %)Hardware System:
	54
75.3	55	(((
50.3	56	Linux Part:
75.3	57	)))
50.3	58
	59	* 400Mhz ar9331 processor
	60	* 64MB RAM
	61	* 16MB Flash
	62
95.5	63
95.2	64	(% style="color:#037691" %)Interface:
	65
50.3	66	* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
	67	* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
	68	* LoRaWAN Wireless
95.2	69	* Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
50.3	70	* USB 2.0 host connector x 1
	71	* Mini-PCI E connector x 1
	72	* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
	73
95.5	74
95.2	75	(% style="color:#037691" %)WiFi Spec:
	76
50.3	77	* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
	78	* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
	79	* Tx power:
	80	** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db
	81	** 11b tx power: 18db
	82	** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
	83	** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
	84	* Wifi Sensitivity
	85	** 11g 54M : -71dbm
	86	** 11n 20M : -67dbm
	87
95.5	88
95.2	89	(% style="color:#037691" %)LoRa Spec:
	90
	91	* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
50.3	92	* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
	93	* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
	94	* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
	95	* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
	96	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	97	* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
	98	* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
	99
95.5	100
95.2	101	(% style="color:#037691" %)Cellular 4G LTE (optional):
	102
	103	* Quectel [[EC25 LTE module>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
	104	* Micro SIM Slot
	105	* External 4G Sticker Antenna.
50.3	106	* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
	107	* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
	108	* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
	109
	110
95.5	111
96.2	112	== 1.3 Features ==
50.3	113
	114
95.6	115	* Open Source OpenWrt system
	116	* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
	117	* Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
	118	* Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
	119	* LoRaWAN Gateway
	120	* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
	121	* Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
	122	* Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
	123	* Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
	124	* Support different level log in.
	125	* Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
	126	* Support LoRaWAN basic station.
	127	* Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
95.5	128
	129
	130
96.2	131	== 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
50.3	132
96.2	133	[[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
50.3	134
96.2	135
97.2	136	== 1.5 LPS8N Applications ==
50.3	137
97.2	138	[[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
50.3	139
	140
97.2	141	== 1.6 LED Indicators ==
	142
50.3	143
101.2	144	LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
50.3	145
101.2	146	* Power LED [[image:image-20220706115518-1.png\|\|height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)RED LED(%%) will be solid on if the device is properly powered.
	147	* LoRa LED [[image:image-20220706115518-2.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This RGB LED will (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%) when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
101.4	148	* SYS LED [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png\|\|height="16" width="16"]] : This RGB LED will shows different colors on different state:
101.2	149	(% style="color:blue" %)SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
	150	(% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
101.3	151	(% style="color:red" %)SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
50.3	152
101.2	153	* ETH LED [[image:image-20220706115518-4.png\|\|height="15" width="17"]] : This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
50.3	154
97.3	155
50.3	156
	157
	158	= 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
	159
	160	The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
	161
	162	== 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
	163
	164	=== 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
	165
73.5	166	[[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
50.3	167
	168	At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)//dragino-xxxxxx //(% style="color:black" %)with password:
	169
73.5	170	[[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
50.3	171
	172	(% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
	173
75.3	174	(((
50.3	175	User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
75.3	176	)))
50.3	177
	178	=== 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
	179
73.5	180	[[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
50.3	181
	182
77.2	183	(((
50.3	184	Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
77.2	185	)))
50.3	186
	187	=== 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
	188
73.5	189	[[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
50.3	190
	191
	192	If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
	193
	194	=== 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
	195
	196	The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
	197
	198	== 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
	199
	200	Web Interface
	201
	202	Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
	203
	204	[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
	205
	206	or
	207
	208	http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
	209
	210
	211	You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
	212
	213	The account details for Web Login are:
	214
	215	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)User Name: root
	216
	217	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Password: dragino
	218
73.5	219	[[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
50.3	220
	221	= 3. Typical Network Setup =
	222
	223	== 3.1 Overview ==
	224
	225	The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
	226
	227	* WAN Port Internet Mode
	228	* WiFi Client Mode
	229	* WiFi AP Mode
	230	* Cellular Mode
	231
	232	== 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
	233
	234	By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home page:
	235
73.5	236	[[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
50.3	237
	238	== 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
	239
	240	In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
	241
77.2	242	(((
50.3	243	The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings
77.2	244	)))
50.3	245
73.5	246	[[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
50.3	247
77.2	248	(((
50.3	249	In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
77.2	250	)))
50.3	251
	252	== 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
	253
	254	If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
	255
77.2	256	(((
50.3	257	First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
77.2	258	)))
50.3	259
73.5	260	[[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
50.3	261
	262
80.2	263	(((
78.2	264	[[image:1652420718132-929.png\|\|height="427" width="727"]]
80.2	265	)))
50.3	266
77.2	267	(((
50.3	268	The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)System ~-~-> Cellular
77.2	269	)))
50.3	270
77.2	271	(((
50.3	272	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
77.2	273	)))
50.3	274
80.2	275	(((
73.5	276	[[image:1652421032117-341.png\|\|height="329" width="752"]]
80.2	277	)))
50.3	278
	279	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
	280
	281	== 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
	282
	283	In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)home(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
	284
78.2	285	* GREEN Tick [[image:1652436675869-206.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
80.3	286	* Yellow Tick [[image:1652436705761-420.png\|\|height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
78.2	287	* RED Cross [[image:1652436787176-950.png\|\|height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
50.3	288
73.5	289	[[image:1652421351382-793.png\|\|height="339" width="765"]]
50.3	290
	291	= 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
	292
	293	DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
	294
80.4	295	(((
73.5	296	[[image:image-20220513140429-1.png\|\|height="565" width="824"]]
80.4	297	)))
50.3	298
	299	This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
	300
80.9	301	TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
50.3	302
	303	== 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
	304
	305	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.
	306
78.3	307	(((
50.3	308	Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
78.3	309	)))
50.3	310
80.4	311	(((
73.5	312	[[image:1652421929753-168.png\|\|height="403" width="739"]]
80.4	313	)))
50.3	314
80.4	315	The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
50.3	316
	317	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server
	318
	319	[[https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
	320
73.5	321	[[image:1652422127479-258.png\|\|height="346" width="738"]]
50.3	322
	323	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker
	324
80.4	325	(((
73.5	326	[[image:1652422142236-792.png\|\|height="356" width="737"]]
80.4	327	)))
50.3	328
	329	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address
	330
	331	* Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
	332	* North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
	333	* Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
	334	* Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
	335
	336	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 4: Create a Gateway
	337
73.5	338	[[image:1652422440891-514.png\|\|height="360" width="747"]]
50.3	339
	340	Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
	341
	342	Open the following page:
	343
73.5	344	[[image:1652422470352-518.png\|\|height="391" width="716"]]
50.3	345
73.5	346	[[image:1652422479876-297.png\|\|height="398" width="729"]]
50.3	347
80.4	348	(((
50.3	349	(% style="color:red" %)Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
80.4	350	)))
50.3	351
	352	After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
	353
73.5	354	[[image:1652422509034-682.png\|\|height="299" width="739"]]
50.3	355
	356	== 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
	357
80.4	358	(((
50.3	359	You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
80.4	360	)))
50.3	361
80.4	362	(((
50.3	363	Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
80.4	364	)))
50.3	365
80.4	366	(((
50.3	367	Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Save&Apply
80.4	368	)))
50.3	369
73.5	370	[[image:1652422624783-580.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	371
	372	(% style="color:red" %)Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
	373
	374	In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
	375
73.5	376	[[image:1652422685063-596.png\|\|height="327" width="729"]]
50.3	377
	378	In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
	379
73.5	380	[[image:1652422703020-955.png\|\|height="343" width="730"]]
50.3	381
	382	== 4.3 Configure frequency ==
	383
	384	We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
	385
73.5	386	[[image:1652422737399-529.png\|\|height="362" width="737"]]
50.3	387
	388
	389	In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
	390
73.5	391	[[image:1652422763536-750.png\|\|height="514" width="730"]]
50.3	392
78.3	393	== 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
50.3	394
78.3	395	(((
50.3	396	This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
78.3	397	)))
50.3	398
78.3	399	(((
50.3	400	We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
78.3	401	)))
50.3	402
73.5	403	[[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
50.3	404
78.3	405	(((
50.3	406	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 1: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
78.3	407	)))
50.3	408
78.3	409	(((
50.3	410	Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
78.3	411	)))
50.3	412
	413	* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
	414	* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
	415	* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
	416
78.3	417	(((
50.3	418	A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
78.3	419	)))
50.3	420
73.5	421	[[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
50.3	422
78.3	423	(((
50.3	424	(% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
78.3	425	)))
50.3	426
78.3	427	(((
50.3	428	For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
78.3	429	)))
50.3	430
78.3	431	(((
50.3	432	Select Add Application to open the screen below.
78.3	433	)))
50.3	434
73.5	435	[[image:1652422946999-255.png\|\|height="356" width="744"]]
50.3	436
	437	Open the Application select Add end device
	438
	439	Start Register the end device
	440
73.5	441	[[image:1652422975885-591.png\|\|height="359" width="726"]]
50.3	442
78.3	443	(((
50.3	444	Select OTAA activation mode
78.3	445	)))
50.3	446
78.3	447	(((
50.3	448	The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
78.3	449	)))
50.3	450
73.5	451	[[image:1652422998005-968.png\|\|height="352" width="744"]]
50.3	452
	453	First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
	454
73.5	455	[[image:1652423022781-339.png\|\|height="365" width="741"]]
50.3	456
	457	Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
	458
73.5	459	[[image:1652423046741-467.png\|\|height="355" width="736"]]
50.3	460
78.3	461	(((
50.3	462	Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
78.3	463	)))
50.3	464
78.3	465	(((
50.3	466	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Step 2: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
78.3	467	)))
50.3	468
78.3	469	(((
50.3	470	(% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
78.3	471	)))
50.3	472
73.5	473	[[image:1652423277549-324.png\|\|height="273" width="745"]]
50.3	474
	475	= 5. Web Configure Pages =
	476
	477	== 5.1 Home ==
	478
	479	Shows the system running status.
	480
73.5	481	[[image:1652423418568-752.png\|\|height="329" width="724"]]
50.3	482
	483	== 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
	484
	485	=== 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
	486
78.4	487	(((
50.3	488	This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
78.4	489	)))
50.3	490
78.4	491	(((
50.3	492	Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
78.4	493	)))
50.3	494
	495	* 868: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	496	* 915: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
	497
78.4	498	(((
50.3	499	After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log
78.4	500	)))
50.3	501
73.5	502	[[image:1652423554776-574.png\|\|height="380" width="740"]]
50.3	503
80.10	504	Note : [[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]*
50.3	505
	506
	507	=== 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
	508
	509	The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
	510
	511	* No internet connection.
80.9	512	* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
50.3	513
78.4	514	(((
80.10	515	Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]
78.4	516	)))
50.3	517
73.5	518	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	519
	520	== 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
	521
	522	=== 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
	523
	524	This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
	525
73.5	526	[[image:1652423628833-467.png\|\|height="357" width="755"]]
50.3	527
	528	(% style="color:red" %)Note:
	529
	530	~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
	531
	532	~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
	533
80.10	534	See: [[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
50.3	535
	536	=== 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
	537
73.5	538	[[image:1652428499323-384.png\|\|height="275" width="723"]]
50.3	539
78.4	540	(((
80.10	541	Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to [[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].
78.4	542	)))
50.3	543
	544	=== 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
	545
78.4	546	(((
50.3	547	Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
78.4	548	)))
50.3	549
78.4	550	(((
80.10	551	Instruction: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
78.4	552	)))
50.3	553
73.5	554	[[image:1652428648903-878.png\|\|height="266" width="731"]]
50.3	555
	556	== 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
	557
	558	If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
	559
80.10	560	Instruction: [[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]
50.3	561
	562
73.5	563	[[image:1652428705046-212.png\|\|height="417" width="733"]]
50.3	564
	565	== 5.5 System ==
	566
	567	=== 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
	568
	569	Shows the system info:
	570
73.5	571	[[image:1652428773760-580.png\|\|height="408" width="728"]]
50.3	572
	573	=== 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
	574
73.5	575	[[image:1652428861256-300.png\|\|height="354" width="724"]]
50.3	576
78.5	577	(((
54.2	578	__System Password:__
78.5	579	)))
50.3	580
78.5	581	(((
54.2	582	There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
78.5	583	)))
50.3	584
78.5	585	(((
50.3	586	This page can be used to set the password for them.
78.5	587	)))
50.3	588
54.2	589	(((
78.5	590	__Timezone:__Set device timezone.
	591	)))
50.3	592
54.2	593	(((
78.5	594	__Port forwarding:__Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
	595	)))
50.3	596
54.2	597	=== 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
50.3	598
73.5	599	[[image:1652429149053-824.png\|\|height="467" width="725"]]
50.3	600
78.5	601	(((
	602	__LAN Settings:__When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
	603	)))
50.3	604
54.2	605	(((
78.5	606	__WAN Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
54.2	607	)))
50.3	608
54.2	609	(((
78.5	610	__WiFi Settings:__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
80.4	611
	612
54.2	613	)))
50.3	614
54.2	615	=== 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
50.3	616
	617	DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
	618
73.5	619	[[image:1652429430767-921.png\|\|height="367" width="723"]]
50.3	620
54.2	621	=== 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
50.3	622
	623	While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
	624
73.5	625	[[image:1652429309615-825.png\|\|height="320" width="732"]]
50.3	626
54.2	627	(% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
50.3	628
59.2	629	=== 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
50.3	630
73.5	631	[[image:1652429486609-208.png\|\|height="415" width="728"]]
50.3	632
59.2	633	=== 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
50.3	634
	635	Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
	636
73.5	637	[[image:1652429518191-846.png\|\|height="332" width="733"]]
50.3	638
73.5	639	[[image:1652429527544-247.png\|\|height="327" width="724"]]
50.3	640
73.5	641	[[image:1652429537849-154.png\|\|height="339" width="722"]]
50.3	642
	643	Please see this document for detail:
	644
80.4	645	(((
50.3	646	[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
80.4	647	)))
50.3	648
	649
80.10	650	R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
50.3	651
73.5	652	[[image:1652429624400-864.png\|\|height="432" width="716"]]
50.3	653
80.10	654
66.2	655	=== 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
50.3	656
	657	We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
	658
	659	* Latest firmware: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
	660
	661	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
	662
	663	* Change Log: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
	664
	665	( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
	666
78.5	667	(((
66.2	668	The file named as (% style="color:green" %)xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin (% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
78.5	669	)))
50.3	670
78.5	671	(((
66.2	672	(% style="color:green" %)Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade
78.5	673	)))
50.3	674
73.5	675	[[image:1652429711145-862.png\|\|height="270" width="737"]]
50.3	676
	677	Select the required image and click Flash Image. The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click Process Update to upgrade.
	678
66.2	679	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to //uncheck// the Preserve Settings checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
50.3	680
	681	The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
	682
73.5	683	[[image:1652429962190-224.png\|\|height="358" width="729"]]
50.3	684
66.2	685	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE*(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
50.3	686
66.2	687	SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)/var(%%) directory and then run
50.3	688
66.2	689	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %)//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//
50.3	690
66.2	691	(% style="color:red" %)NOTE(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
50.3	692
66.2	693	=== 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
50.3	694
73.5	695	[[image:1652430197132-330.png\|\|height="256" width="724"]]
50.3	696
73.7	697	(((
	698
	699	)))
50.3	700
66.2	701	=== 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
50.3	702
73.5	703	[[image:1652430243826-126.png\|\|height="289" width="723"]]
50.3	704
	705	Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
	706
66.2	707	== 5.6 LogRead ==
50.3	708
66.2	709	=== 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
50.3	710
	711
	712	Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
	713
91.1	714	[[image:image-20220615204306-1.png\|\|height="575" width="733"]]
	715
	716
	717	Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
	718
93.1	719	[[image:image-20220616083933-1.png\|\|height="556" width="729"]]
91.1	720
93.1	721	DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
91.1	722
93.1	723
91.1	724	Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
	725
	726	[[image:image-20220615205416-6.png\|\|height="442" width="884"]]
	727
	728
66.2	729	=== 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
50.3	730
	731	Show the system log
	732
73.5	733	[[image:1652430369760-511.png\|\|height="373" width="730"]]
50.3	734
66.2	735	= 6. More features =
50.3	736
66.2	737	== 6.1 More instructions ==
50.3	738
80.12	739	[[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
50.3	740
80.12	741
66.2	742	= 7. Linux System =
50.3	743
	744	The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
	745
66.2	746	== 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
50.3	747
	748	User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
	749
	750	IP address: IP address of DLOS8N
	751
	752	Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
	753
71.2	754	User Name: (% style="color:green" %)root
50.3	755
71.2	756	Password: (% style="color:green" %)dragino (% style="color:black" %)(default)
50.3	757
	758	After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
	759
73.5	760	[[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
50.3	761
71.2	762	The “(% class="mark" %)logread -f(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
50.3	763
73.5	764	[[image:1652431609193-637.png\|\|height="214" width="732"]]
71.2	765
80.13	766
67.3	767	== 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
50.3	768
78.5	769	(((
71.2	770	The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)SFTP server. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
78.5	771	)))
50.3	772
78.5	773	(((
50.3	774	In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
78.5	775	)))
50.3	776
78.5	777	(((
50.3	778	After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
78.5	779	)))
50.3	780
78.5	781	(((
50.3	782	Screenshot is as below:
78.5	783	)))
50.3	784
73.5	785	[[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
50.3	786
	787
71.3	788	== 7.3 File System ==
	789
78.6	790	(((
50.3	791	The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
78.6	792	)))
50.3	793
78.6	794	(((
50.3	795	The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
78.6	796	)))
50.3	797
78.6	798	(((
50.3	799	You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
78.6	800	)))
50.3	801
71.6	802
71.3	803	== 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
50.3	804
71.3	805	DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maintenance system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the //iperf // tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use //iperf //.
50.3	806
78.6	807	(((
71.3	808	Below are some example //opkg // commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]] ([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
78.6	809	)))
50.3	810
78.6	811	(((
71.6	812	In Linux Console run:
78.6	813	)))
50.3	814
71.6	815	(((
71.7	816	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
71.6	817	)))
50.3	818
71.6	819	(((
	820	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
	821	)))
50.3	822
71.6	823	(((
	824	(% style="color:green" %)root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
	825	)))
50.3	826
	827	The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
	828
	829
71.6	830	(((
71.7	831	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
71.6	832	)))
50.3	833
71.6	834	(((
71.7	835	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
71.6	836	)))
50.3	837
71.6	838	(((
73.3	839	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	840	)))
50.3	841
71.6	842	(((
71.7	843	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
71.6	844	)))
50.3	845
71.6	846	(((
73.3	847	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
71.6	848	)))
50.3	849
71.6	850	(((
71.7	851	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
71.6	852	)))
50.3	853
71.6	854	(((
71.7	855	(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
71.6	856	)))
50.3	857
73.2	858	= 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
50.3	859
71.7	860
73.2	861	= 9. FAQ =
	862
71.6	863	== 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
50.3	864
78.6	865	(((
80.10	866	See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
78.6	867	)))
50.3	868
78.6	869	(((
80.10	870
78.6	871	)))
50.3	872
71.6	873	== 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
50.3	874
80.10	875	Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]
50.3	876
73.2	877
71.6	878	== 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
50.3	879
78.6	880	(((
50.3	881	Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
78.6	882	)))
50.3	883
78.6	884	(((
50.3	885	The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
78.6	886	)))
50.3	887
73.2	888
71.6	889	== 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
50.3	890
	891	It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
	892
71.7	893
73.2	894	= 10. Trouble Shooting =
	895
71.6	896	== 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
50.3	897
	898	In some cases, when installing a package with //opkg//, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
	899
73.3	900	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
50.3	901
73.5	902	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
50.3	903
73.3	904	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
50.3	905
73.3	906	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
50.3	907
73.3	908	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
50.3	909
73.3	910	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
50.3	911
78.6	912	(((
50.3	913	In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
78.6	914	)))
50.3	915
73.3	916	(% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
50.3	917
73.2	918
71.6	919	== 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
50.3	920
78.6	921	(((
80.11	922	Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway: [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
78.6	923	)))
50.3	924
78.6	925	(((
80.11	926
78.6	927	)))
50.3	928
71.6	929	== 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
50.3	930
73.5	931	[[image:1652435238615-272.png\|\|height="247" width="727"]]
50.3	932
78.6	933	(((
50.3	934	The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
78.6	935	)))
50.3	936
73.5	937	(% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
50.3	938
	939
	940	Steps to connect via fall back IP:
	941
73.2	942	~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
	943
	944	2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
73.5	945	IP: 172.31.255.253 and
	946	Netmask: 255.255.255.252
50.3	947
	948	As below photo:
	949
73.5	950	[[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
50.3	951
73.2	952	3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
50.3	953
	954	Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
	955
73.5	956
71.7	957	= 11. Order Info =
50.3	958
73.6	959	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:
50.3	960
73.6	961	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //XXX: Frequency Band//
50.3	962
73.6	963	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 868(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
	964	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) 915(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
50.3	965
73.6	966	(% style="color:#4f81bd" %) //YYY: 4G Cellular Option//
50.3	967
73.6	968	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) E(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
	969	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) A(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
	970	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) AU(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
	971	* (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) J(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
50.3	972
	973	More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
	974
73.6	975
71.7	976	= 12. Packing Info =
50.3	977
78.6	978	(((
50.3	979	Package Includes:
78.6	980	)))
50.3	981
	982	* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
	983	* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
	984	* Packaging with environmental protection paper box
	985
78.6	986	(((
50.3	987	Dimension and weight:
78.6	988	)))
50.3	989
	990	* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
	991	* Weight: 187g
	992	* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
	993	* Weight: 300g
	994
71.7	995	= 13. Support =
50.3	996
80.15	997	* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
50.3	998	* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
	999	Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
71.7	1000	* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

Wiki source code of LPS8N - LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual

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