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Version 158.9 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/29 10:35
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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
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7 **Table of Contents：**
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9 {{toc/}}
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22 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
23
24 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
25
26
27
28 (((
29 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45
46 )))
47
48 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
49
50
51 == 1.2  Specifications ==
52
53
54 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
55
56 (((
57 Linux Part:
58 )))
59
60 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
61 * 64MB RAM
62 * 16MB Flash
63
64
65
66
67 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
68
69 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
70 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
71 * LoRaWAN Wireless
72 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
73 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
74 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
75 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
76
77
78
79
80 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
81
82 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
83 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
84 * Tx power:
85 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
86 ** 11b tx power: 18db
87 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
88 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
89 * Wifi Sensitivity
90 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
91 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
92
93
94
95
96 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
97
98 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
99 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
100 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
101 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
102 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
103 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
104 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
105 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
106
107
108
109
110 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
111
112 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
113 * Micro SIM Slot
114 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
115 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
116 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
117 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
118
119
120
121
122
123 == 1.3  Features ==
124
125
126 * Open Source OpenWrt system
127 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
128 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
129 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
130 * LoRaWAN Gateway
131 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
132 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
133 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
134 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
135 * Support different level log in.
136 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
137 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
138 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
139
140
141
142
143 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
144
145
146 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
147
148
149
150 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
151
152
153 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
154
155
156
157 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
158
159
160 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
161
162 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
163 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
164 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
165 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
166 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
167 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
168
169 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
170
171
172
173
174 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
175
176
177 (((
178 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
179 )))
180
181
182
183 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
184
185
186 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
187
188 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
189
190
191 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
192
193 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
194
195
196 (((
197 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
198
199
200
201 )))
202
203 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
204
205 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
206
207
208 (((
209 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and LPS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
210
211
212
213 )))
214
215 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
216
217
218 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
219
220
221 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
222
223
224
225 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
226
227
228 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
229
230
231
232 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
233
234
235 **Web Interface**
236
237 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
238
239 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
240
241 or
242
243 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
244
245
246 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
247
248 The account details for Web Login are:
249
250 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
251
252 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
253
254 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
255
256
257
258 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
259
260
261 == 3.1  Overview ==
262
263
264 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
265
266 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
267 * **WiFi Client Mode**
268 * **WiFi AP Mode**
269
270
271
272
273 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
274
275
276 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
277
278
279 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
280
281
282
283 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
284
285
286 In the WiFi Client Mode, LPS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
287
288 (((
289 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
290
291
292 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
293 )))
294
295
296 (((
297 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
298
299
300
301 )))
302
303 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
304
305
306 (((
307 (((
308 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
309 )))
310
311
312 (((
313 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
314 )))
315
316 (((
317 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
318 )))
319 )))
320
321
322 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
323
324 (((
325
326 )))
327
328 (((
329 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
330 )))
331
332 (((
333 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
334 )))
335
336 (((
337 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
338 )))
339
340
341
342 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
343
344
345 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
346
347 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
348 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
349 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
350
351 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
352
353
354
355 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
356
357
358 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
359
360
361 (((
362 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
363 )))
364
365 (((
366 This chapter describes how to use the LPS8N to work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
367 )))
368
369
370
371 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
372
373
374 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
375
376 (((
377 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
378 )))
379
380 (((
381 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
382 )))
383
384 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
385
386
387
388 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
389
390 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
391
392 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
393
394
395
396 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
397
398 (((
399 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
400 )))
401
402 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
403
404
405 * Europe 1** (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:(%%)**(% style="color:red" %) (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
406 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
407 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)**corresponding Gateway server address: **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
408 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)**TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**
409
410
411
412
413 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
414
415 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
416
417 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
418
419
420 Open the following page:
421
422 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
423
424
425 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
426
427
428 (((
429 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.**
430
431
432 )))
433
434 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
435
436 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
437
438
439
440 == 4.2  Configure LPS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
441
442
443 (((
444 You can now configure the LPS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
445 )))
446
447 (((
448 Make sure your LPS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
449 )))
450
451 (((
452 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
453 )))
454
455 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
456
457
458 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.**
459
460
461 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
462
463 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
464
465
466 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
467
468 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
469
470
471
472 == 4.3  Configure frequency ==
473
474
475 We also need to set the frequency plan in LPS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
476
477 [[image:1657094249818-468.png]]
478
479
480 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
481
482 [[image:1657094333704-207.png]]
483
484
485 == 4.4  Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
486
487 (((
488 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
489 )))
490
491 (((
492 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
493 )))
494
495 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
496
497 (((
498 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
499
500
501 )))
502
503 (((
504 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
505 )))
506
507 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
508 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
509 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
510
511 (((
512 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
513 )))
514
515 [[image:1657094382177-591.png]]
516
517 (((
518 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
519
520
521 )))
522
523 (((
524 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
525 )))
526
527 (((
528 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
529 )))
530
531 [[image:1657094417175-831.png]]
532
533 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
534
535
536 Start Register the end device
537
538 [[image:1657094444802-101.png]]
539
540 (((
541 Select OTAA activation mode
542
543
544 )))
545
546 (((
547 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
548 )))
549
550 [[image:1657094475730-208.png]]
551
552 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
553
554
555 [[image:1657094646429-966.png]]
556
557 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
558
559
560 [[image:1657094674045-755.png]]
561
562 (((
563 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
564
565
566 )))
567
568 (((
569 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
570 )))
571
572 (((
573 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
574 )))
575
576 [[image:1657094791060-639.png]]
577
578
579 = 5.  Web Configure Pages =
580
581 == 5.1  Home ==
582
583 Shows the system running status.
584
585 [[image:1657094893942-726.png]]
586
587
588 == 5.2  LoRa Settings ==
589
590 === 5.2.1  LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
591
592 (((
593 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
594 )))
595
596 (((
597 Different LPS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
598 )))
599
600 * (% style="color:blue" %)**868**(%%): valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
601 * (% style="color:blue" %)**915**(%%): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
602
603 (((
604
605
606 (((
607 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page (% style="color:green" %)**LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
608 )))
609 )))
610
611 [[image:1657094930903-357.png]]
612
613 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
614
615
616 === 5.2.2  LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
617
618 The LPS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
619
620 * No internet connection.
621 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
622
623 (((
624 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
625 )))
626
627 [[image:1657095412271-942.png]]
628
629
630 == 5.3  LoRaWAN Settings ==
631
632 === 5.3.1  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
633
634 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
635
636 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
637
638 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
639
640 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, LPS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
641
642 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
643
644 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
645
646
647 === 5.3.2  LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
648
649 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
650
651 (((
652 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
653
654
655 )))
656
657 === 5.3.3  LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
658
659 (((
660 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
661 )))
662
663 (((
664 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
665 )))
666
667 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
668
669
670 == 5.4  MQTT Settings ==
671
672 (((
673 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure LPS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
674 )))
675
676 (((
677 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
678 )))
679
680
681 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
682
683
684 == 5.5  System ==
685
686 === 5.5.1  System ~-~-> System Overview ===
687
688 Shows the system info:
689
690 [[image:1657155158184-134.png]]
691
692
693
694 === 5.5.2  System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
695
696 [[image:1657155183982-792.png]]
697
698 (((
699 **__System Password:__**
700 )))
701
702 (((
703 There are two login for LPS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
704 )))
705
706 (((
707 This page can be used to set the password for them.
708 )))
709
710 (((
711 **__Timezone:  __**Set device timezone.
712 )))
713
714 (((
715 **__Port forwarding:  __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
716
717
718
719 )))
720
721 === 5.5.3  System ~-~-> Network ===
722
723 [[image:1657155288223-566.png]]
724
725 (((
726 **__LAN Settings:    __**When the LPS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for LPS8N's own network.
727 )))
728
729 (((
730 __**WAN Settings:  **__Setting for LPS8N WAN port
731 )))
732
733 (((
734 __**WiFi Settings:   **__Setting for LPS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
735
736
737
738 )))
739
740 === 5.5.4  System ~-~-> WiFi ===
741
742 LPS8N WiFi Settings.
743
744 [[image:1657155457089-430.png]]
745
746
747
748 === 5.5.5  System ~-~-> Cellular ===
749
750 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
751
752
753 [[image:1657155507672-204.png]]
754
755 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For LPS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
756
757
758
759 === 5.5.6  System ~-~-> Network Status ===
760
761
762 [[image:1657155554265-721.png]]
763
764
765
766 === 5.5.7  System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
767
768 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
769
770
771 [[image:image-20220707112053-4.png||height="451" width="995"]]
772
773 [[image:image-20220707112053-5.png||height="453" width="1004"]]
774
775 (% style="display:none" %)
776
777 (% style="display:none" %) [[image:1657157402578-508.png||height="450" width="992"]]
778
779 (% id="cke_bm_589629S" style="display:none" %) [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
780
781 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]]
782
783
784 (((
785 Please see this document for detail:  [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
786 )))
787
788 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
789
790 (((
791 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: [[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]
792 )))
793
794 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
795
796
797
798 === 5.5.8  System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
799
800 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
801
802 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
803
804 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
805
806 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
807
808 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
809
810
811 (((
812 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
813 )))
814
815 (((
816 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
817 )))
818
819 [[image:1657156052651-770.png]]
820
821 (((
822 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
823 )))
824
825
826 (((
827 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
828 )))
829
830 (((
831 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
832 )))
833
834 [[image:1657156094153-520.png]]
835
836 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
837
838 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
839
840 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
841
842
843 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
844
845
846 === 5.5.9  System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
847
848 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
849
850 (((
851
852
853
854 )))
855
856 === 5.5.10  System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
857
858
859 [[image:1657156199070-491.png]]
860
861 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
862
863
864
865 == 5.6  LogRead ==
866
867 === 5.6.1  LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
868
869
870 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
871
872 [[image:1657156300781-933.png]]
873
874
875
876 === 5.6.2  LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
877
878 Show the system log
879
880 [[image:1657156341198-226.png]]
881
882
883
884 = 6.  More features =
885
886 == 6.1 Packet Filtering ==
887
888 (((
889 Drop unwanted packets.
890 )))
891
892 (((
893 See: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
894 )))
895
896
897 == 6.2 Remote Access ==
898
899 (((
900 Remote Access Devices for management.
901 )))
902
903 (((
904 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Monitor%20%26%20Remote%20Access%20Gateway/?Remote%20Access]]
905 )))
906
907
908 == 6.3 How to decode ABP LoRaWAN node ==
909
910 (((
911 Decode ABP:
912 )))
913
914 (((
915 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20~~-~~--%20LG308/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
916 )))
917
918
919 == 6.4 How to set data to MQTT broker ==
920
921 (((
922 Only support ABP LoRaWAN End Node
923 )))
924
925 (((
926 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]
927 )))
928
929
930 == 6.5  More instructions ==
931
932 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
933
934
935 == 6.6  Auto-Provision ==
936
937 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
938
939 [[image:image-20220707092040-1.png||height="451" width="995"]]
940
941 [[image:image-20220707092040-2.png||height="452" width="1002"]]
942
943 [[image:image-20220707092040-3.png||height="449" width="956"]](% style="display:none" %)
944
945 (((
946 Please see this document for detail: [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
947 )))
948
949 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
950
951 = 7.  (% style="display:none" %) (%%)Linux System =
952
953 The LPS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
954
955 (% style="display:none" %) (%%)
956
957 == 7.1  SSH Access for Linux console ==
958
959 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the LPS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
960
961 IP address:  IP address of LPS8N
962
963 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
964
965 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
966
967 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
968
969 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
970
971
972 [[image:1657158198733-338.png]]
973
974 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
975
976
977 [[image:1657158190234-805.png]]
978
979
980
981 == 7.2  Edit and Transfer files ==
982
983 (((
984 The LPS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
985 )))
986
987 (((
988 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
989 )))
990
991 (((
992 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the LPS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
993 )))
994
995 (((
996 Screenshot is as below:
997 )))
998
999 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
1000
1001
1002
1003 == 7.3  File System ==
1004
1005 (((
1006 The LPS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
1007 )))
1008
1009 (((
1010 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the LPS8N flash.
1011 )))
1012
1013 (((
1014 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
1015 )))
1016
1017
1018 == 7.4  Package maintenance system ==
1019
1020 LPS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure LPS8N to use **//iperf //**.
1021
1022 (((
1023 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
1024 )))
1025
1026 (((
1027 **In Linux Console run:**
1028 )))
1029
1030 (((
1031 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**             (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
1032 )))
1033
1034 (((
1035 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
1036 )))
1037
1038 (((
1039 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
1040 )))
1041
1042 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
1043
1044
1045 (((
1046 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
1047 )))
1048
1049 (((
1050 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
1051 )))
1052
1053 (((
1054 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1055 )))
1056
1057 (((
1058 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
1059 )))
1060
1061 (((
1062 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
1063 )))
1064
1065 (((
1066 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
1067 )))
1068
1069 (((
1070 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
1071
1072
1073
1074 )))
1075
1076 = 8.  Upgrade Linux Firmware =
1077
1078 We keep improving the LPS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
1079
1080 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
1081
1082 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware]])
1083
1084 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
1085
1086 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LPS8N/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LIG16/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
1087
1088
1089 (((
1090 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)** xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(%%)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
1091 )))
1092
1093
1094 == 8.1 Upgrade via Web UI ==
1095
1096 (((
1097 Go to the page: (% style="color:green" %)**Web ~-~-> System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
1098 )))
1099
1100 (((
1101 Select the required image and click (% style="color:red" %)**Flash Image.**(%%) The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click (% style="color:red" %)**Process Update**(%%) to upgrade.
1102 )))
1103
1104
1105 (((
1106 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): You normally need to **//uncheck//** the //**Preserve Settings**// checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
1107 )))
1108
1109
1110 (((
1111 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
1112 )))
1113
1114 [[image:1657158986600-386.png]]
1115
1116
1117 == 8.2 Upgrade via Linux console ==
1118
1119 (((
1120 SCP the firmware to the system** (% style="color:green" %)/var(%%)** directory and then run
1121 )))
1122
1123 (((
1124 (% style="color:#4472c4" %)** //root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
1125 )))
1126
1127
1128 (((
1129 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%): it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
1130 )))
1131
1132
1133
1134 = 9.  FAQ =
1135
1136 == 9.1  How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
1137
1138 (((
1139 See below link for how to customize frequency band: [[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]
1140 )))
1141
1142 (((
1143
1144 )))
1145
1146 == 9.2  Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
1147
1148 (((
1149 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the LPS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
1150 )))
1151
1152 (((
1153 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
1154 )))
1155
1156 (((
1157
1158 )))
1159
1160 == 9.3  Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
1161
1162 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
1163
1164
1165 = 10.  Trouble Shooting =
1166
1167 == 10.1  I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
1168
1169 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
1170
1171 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
1172
1173 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
1174
1175 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
1176
1177 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
1178
1179 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
1180
1181 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
1182
1183 (((
1184 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
1185 )))
1186
1187 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
1188
1189
1190 == 10.2  How to recover the LPS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1191
1192 (((
1193 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  [[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]
1194 )))
1195
1196 (((
1197
1198 )))
1199
1200 == 10.3  I configured LPS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1201
1202 [[image:1657159323292-776.png]]
1203
1204
1205 (((
1206 The LPS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access LPS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1207 )))
1208
1209 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1210
1211
1212 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1213
1214 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to LG01's WAN port
1215
1216 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has
1217 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1218 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1219
1220 As below photo:
1221
1222 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1223
1224 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the LPS8N via Web or Console.
1225
1226 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1227
1228
1229 == 10.4  I connect to the LPS8N's SSID but LPS8N didn't assign DHCP IP to my laptop? ==
1230
1231 (((
1232 This is a known bug for the firmware version before 2019-09-23 for LPS, the issue was fixed since version: LG02_LG08~-~-build-v5.2.1569218466-20190923-1402.
1233 )))
1234
1235 (((
1236 In the old version, user can use the [[fall back ip method >>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]]to access and configure the device.
1237 )))
1238
1239
1240 = 11.  Order Info =
1241
1242
1243 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//PART: LPS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1244
1245
1246 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1247
1248 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1249 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1250
1251 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1252
1253 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1254 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1255 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1256 * (% style="color:red" %)** EC25-J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1257
1258 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1259
1260
1261 = 12.  Packing Info =
1262
1263 (((
1264 **Package Includes**:
1265 )))
1266
1267 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1268 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1269 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1270
1271 (((
1272 **Dimension and weight**:
1273 )))
1274
1275 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1276 * Weight: 187g
1277 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1278 * Weight: 300g
1279
1280
1281
1282 = 13.  Support =
1283
1284 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1285 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1286 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1287 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]